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Deals with a study which developed and tested a single multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that detects enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Classification of Escherichia coli; Overview of the PCR system; Conclusions.

The prevalence and clinical significance of leukocytes (WBC) and immature germ cells in semen is currently a matter of controversy.The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence of leukocytospermia in semen samples from Venezuelan men and its possible effects on sperm parameters. The concentration of WBC and round cells (RC) was evaluated in 118 semen samples from 19 fertile subjects (group I), 62 infertile patients (group II), and 37 men with varicocele (group III). Semen WBC concentration was assessed by peroxidase assay. Twenty-six (22%) of the total samples had more than 10[sup 6] WBC/mL semen. Twenty of the infertile men had leukocytospermia (32%) compared with 16% in the fertile group and 8% in the varicocele group. Semen RC concentration was lower than 5 x 10[sup 6]/mL in all groups but, in groups II and III was significantly higher compared with group I. Infertile men had the highest WBC concentration. WBC concentration was negatively correlated with progressive motility, percentage of morphologically normal sperm, and hypoosmotic swelling test in infertile men but not in the varicocele group. In this group a negative correlation was obtained between immature germ cells and normal sperm morphology. The data show that leukocytospermia occurs frequently in infertile patients and is associated with poor semen quality parameters. In contrast, in men with varicocele, the increased number of immature germ cells might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of abnormal spermatozoa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En el presente artículo se analiza el rol que deben desempeñar las didácticas especiales en el proceso formativo de artistas que transcurre en la Universidad de las Artes, de manera particular en la carrera de Artes Visuales, al comprenderla no solo desde la arista del desempeño eventual del artista como profesor, sino por lo que sus contenidos aportan en su formación como profesional dada el carácter educativo del arte. La manera en que se enseñaron los contenidos de Didáctica evidencia la aceptación y comprensión por parte de los estudiantes de este rol, aspectos estos que se ejemplifican a lo largo del trabajo con la utilización de sus opiniones y puntos de vistas.Junto al análisis documental y el análisis y crítica de fuentes realizadas se emplearon métodos como la observación participante, el análisis de los productos de la actividad. This paper examines the role of didactics in the formative process of professional of visual arts at the University of Art. The discipline is approach not only as an essential knowledge of artists’ performance as professors or instructors but from the perspective of the contribution of its contents to the training of artists and the educative character of artistic expression. The teaching and learning procedures suggested were highly accepted and valued by the students as registered in their collected essays expressing their viewpoints. Together with the analysis and criticism of sources of information observation and analysis of product activities were used.

The article discusses research on the effectiveness of escitalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), in reducing mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with clinically stable cardiovascular disease. It references a study by W. Jian et al published in an issue of the "Journal of the American Medical Association." The randomized, double-blind, placebo study covered 127 patients at Duke University Health System cardiology clinics between 2007 and 2011.

The paper is a study of the role of considering diversity as a necessary condition in controlling student’s learning in adult’s continuing educations. A rationale related to what is diversity and what it demands from teachers is presented. Taking care of students’ diversity is presented as a system including three subsystems: personal approach of learning, methodological approach, and creativity. Relations of functional, reactive, coordinate, subordinate relations, are considered together with the component of each system.

Mexico City with a population of about 18 million people relies on groundwater to supply about 70% of its water needs. In order to understand the extent of microbial pathogen contamination of these reserves, a 10 month long monitoring study of the southern aquifer was undertaken. Groundwater samples were collected from five different locations and analyzed (100 mL) for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and fecal streptococci. Larger volume samples (5 L) were collected and concentrated for quantitative and qualitative (presence/absence) determination of microorganisms including bacteriophages. Gene amplification (PCR) approaches were employed to screen for Escherichia coli/Shigellaspecific (uid) sequences. Laboratory microcosms were conducted to evaluate the potential survival of pathogenic viruses in the groundwater using MS-2 and PRD-1 as model viruses. Coliphage as a single indicator, or in conjunction with fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci were found to have value as an indicator of fecal pollution in this geographical region. The results indicate that the southern aquifer underlying metropolitan Mexico City can pose a significant risk to publichealth when water is distributed and used without adequate disinfection. The pumping wells located in the transition and mountain areas indicated the presence of extensive microbial pathogen contamination. There was surprisingly, no difference between the dry and rainy seasons in terms of the presence of fecal pollution microbial indicators." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]