Search

The next decade presents a unique moment in the history of planetary astronomy. For the first time, we have the technologies at hand to discover and characterize a wide range of exoplanetary systems, possibly harboring true Earth analogues. The opportunity is no less than answering humanity’s millennia old questions of “Are we alone?” and “How did we get here?”. The best part: Canada can play a leading role in this historic endeavor, if we make deliberate strategic investments over the next decade. In this white paper, we lay out pathways to develop the necessary instrumentation in collaboration with national and international partners to address the most fundamental questions regarding the formation of planets, the diversity of planetary systems, and the frequency of life in the universe. We recommend critical investments in a portfolio of assets including high-dispersion coronagraphy instrumentation for the upcoming ground based 30-meter class telescopes, a strong (JWST-scale) Canadian involvement in the next generation space missions LUVOIR or HabEx, and support for small and large space missions led by Canada. Importantly, while the science case of searching for biomarkers on rocky exoplanets presents the most stringent design requirements, the proposed instrumentation will also be ideal for the characterization of giant exoplanets, sub-Neptunes, and super-Earths and address a wide range of science questions in the coming decade., White paper identifier W065

eid: 271 adsurl: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019BAAS...51c.271L adsnote: Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System ispartof: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society vol:51 issue:3 pages:1-7 status: published

The objective was to compare gamithromycin (GAM) and ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) metaphylaxis for controlling bovine respiratory disease (BRD) impacts in auction market-derived steers. Steers (n=240; initial BW = 537.54 ± 60.61 lb [243.82 ± 27.49 kg]) were randomly allocated to 16 pastures randomized to the 2 treatment groups. Caretakers and data analyst were masked to treatments. Data were analyzed using linear models with means ( ± standard errors of means) reported. Following metaphylaxis, 16 steers (GAM, n=3; CCFA, n=13) required treatment for BRD. Mean BRD morbidity was higher (P=0.03) in the CCFA group (10.83 ± 2.84%) compared to the GAM group (2.50 ± 1.43%). Four steers in each group died or were removed from the 59-day trial due to non-BRD health reasons. Average daily gain in steers finishing the study was greater (P=0.03) in GAM (2.90 ± 0.09 lb [1.32 ± 0.04 kg]) vs CCFA (2.57 ± 0.09 lb [1.17 ± 0.04 kg]) steers. Mean net return per head for steers finishing the study was greater (P≤0.01) for GAM ($22.34 ± 6.75) vs CCFA (-$6.67 ± 6.75). Overall, steers administered GAM metaphylaxis had lower morbidity, increased weight gain, and increased net revenue, compared to those given CCFA., The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 53, No. 1 (2019 Spring)

Introducción: Los trastornos hipertensivos durante el embarazo representan una importante causa de morbimortalidad perinatal. La prehipertensión ha sido asociada a morbilidad cardiovascular en mujeres no gestantes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre prehipertensión y el desarrollo de desenlaces perinatales adversos en gestantes aparentemente sanas. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte. Escenario: Instituciones de alta complejidad en Bogotá, Colombia. Población: mujeres con menos de 20 semanas de gestación, feto único vivo, con dos o más tomas de tensión arterial en estadio prehipertensivo (tensión arterial sistólica entre 120 y 139 mmHg, tensión arterial diastólica entre 80 y 89 mmHg) con cuatro o más horas de diferencia. Participantes con enfermedades crónicas, gestación producto de técnicas de reproducción asistida, o con diagnóstico de anomalía fetal mayor fueron excluidas. Análisis: Las características basales y desenlaces de la gestación fueron obtenidos de una aplicación sistematizada de historias clínicas. La edad gestacional fue determinada por fecha de última menstruación y confirmada por ecografía. Se realiza comparación de cohortes expuesta y no expuesta. Se realiza un análisis univariado exploratorio y se aplica regresión logística múltiple, ajustando por la presencia de variables de confusión. Resultados Los grupos fueron similares en términos de características clínicas y sociodemográficas. Razones de oportunidades ajustadas y no ajustadas con intervalos de confianza de 95% fueron reportadas. Controlando por edad materna, escolaridad, estado socioeconómico y civil, seguridad social, paridad, consumo de tóxicos y ganancia de peso, se encuentra que la prehipertensión es un factor de riesgo asociado con el desarrollo de preeclampsia (ORa 3.54, 95% CI 1.83–6.83) y hospitalización durante el embarazo (ORa 2.35, 95% CI 1.16–4.76). Conclusión e Implicaciones: Aunque las mujeres con prehipertensión actualmente se clasifican como normales, la prehipertensión en la primera mitad de la gestación aumenta la probabilidad de presentar desenlaces perinatales adversos. Abstract: Hypertension during pregnancy represents an important cause of perinatal morbimortality. Prehypertension has been linked to cardiovascular morbidity in non-pregnant women. The objective of this study was to assess the association between prehypertension and the development of adverse perinatal outcomes in apparently healthy pregnant women. Methods Historical cohort study. Setting: High complexity institutions located in Bogotá, Colombia. Population: Women with less than 20 weeks gestation, single live fetus, with two or more abnormal blood pressure measurements (systolic 120-139 mmHg/diastolic 80-89 mmHg) with six hours apart. Patients with prior diseases, pregnancy resulting from assisted reproduction, or with a diagnosis of fetal abnormality were excluded. Analysis: Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were retrieved from the computerized medical record. Gestational age was determined by last menstrual period and confirmed by ultrasound. Exposed and non-exposed cohorts were compared. An exploratory univariate regression analysis was performed, and multiple logistic regression was applied, adjusting for the presence of confounding variables. Results The two groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Adjusted and non-adjusted odds ratios together with the 95% confidence intervals were reported. Controlling for maternal age, scholarly, socioeconomic and civil status, social security, parity, drug abuse and weight gain, it was found that prehypertension was a factor associated with the development of hypertensive disorders (ORa 3.54, 95% CI 1.83–6.83) and hospital care during pregnancy (ORa 2.35, 95% CI 1.16–4.76). Conclusion/Implications Although women with prehypertension are currently classified as normal, prehypertension in the first half of pregnancy increases the likelihood of adverse perinatal outcomes Otra

Las inundaciones pluviales son un problema internacional causadas por el proceso urbanístico se han estudiado durante mucho tiempo. En diversos países, este problema se ha mitigado con la implementación de Sistemas de Drenaje Urbano Sostenible (SUDS) que reducen o retienen la escorrentía mediante diferentes estructuras, prácticas y técnicas. Este problema ha sido ampliamente estudiado para ciudades planas, pero también se presenta para ciudades de montaña. La causa más común reportada en la literatura es la falta de capacidad hidráulica de la red alcantarillado; sin embargo, en ciudades de montaña las condiciones topográficas generan velocidades altas de flujo, de modo que, los caudales pico son muy superiores a los caudales diseñados. Esta es la hipótesis del presente trabajo, que las inundaciones pluviales en cuencas de montaña se deben a un problema de velocidad de flujo superficial. Este fenómeno se observa también dentro de la red, donde las velocidades de flujo también son altas lo que acrecienta aún más los caudales punta y acorta el tiempo para alcanzar dicho pico. Para revisar esta problemática se elige como zona de estudio la ciudad de Manizales, ciudad ubicada en los Andes colombianos. Primero, se propone una metodología sencilla de diagnóstico de inundaciones pluviales que incluye un análisis histórico de los registros de inundación, y estos se revisan con respecto a las condiciones topográficas de la ciudad; para el caso de Manizales se encuentra relación entre ambas. Segundo, para revisar dicha problemática dentro de la red se propone una modelación hidrodinámica implementada en SWMM para una cuenca tipo de la ciudad, en este caso la cuenca Palogrande-Ruta 30 (conocida también como San Luis-Ruta 30); en los resultados de la modelación se refuerza el planteamiento anterior presentando inundaciones rápidamente. Con el modelo se revisa el segundo objetivo, que es encontrar los SUDS que adecuen a las condiciones de cuenca de montaña que son: altas pendientes, falta de espacio y evitar la infiltración dado que favorece los deslizamientos, problemática común en la ciudad. Para lo cual se proponen techos verdes y depósitos de lluvia, obteniendo que el desempeño es mejor para los techos verdes que retienen más escorrentía que los depósitos de lluvia, con una disminución del caudal pico más del 25% (requisito de la normativa) ABSTRACT Storm floods are an international issue caused by urbanization have been studied for a long time. In several countries this problem has been mitigated with the implementation of Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS), which reduces o retains runoff through different structures, practices and techniques. This problem has been widely studied for flat cities, but it’s also presented for mountain cities. The most common cause reported in the literature is the lack of hydraulic capacity of to the sewage system; however, in mountain cities the topographic conditions generate high flow velocities, consequently, discharges peaks are superior to discharges designed. This is the hypothesis of the present work which storm floods in mountain basins are due to a problem of surface velocity. This phenomenon is also seen within the sewage system, in where the flow velocities are also high whereby it increases the peak discharge and shortens the time to reach this peak. To review this problem is chosen the study area of the city of Manizales, a city located in the Colombian Andes. Firstly, it is proposed a simple methodology for storm flood diagnosis that includes historical analysis of the flood registers, and these are reviewed with respect to the topographic conditions of the city; in the case of Manizales there is a relationship between both. Second, to review this problem within the sewage network is propose a hydrodynamic modelling implemented in SWMM for a basin type of the city, in this case the Palogrande-Ruta 30 basin (likewise known as San Luis-Ruta 30 basin); in the results of the modeling the previous approach is reinforced presenting floods quickly. With the model is reviewed the second objective, which is to find the SUDS that adapt to the conditions of the mountain basin: high slopes, lack of space and avoid infiltration due to it favors landslides, a common problem in the city. For which there are proposed green roofs and rain barrel, obtaining the performance is better for the green roofs that retain more runoff than the rain barrel, with a decrease in peak flow more than 25% (requirement of the regulations) Maestría

El cultivo de banano ocupa un lugar destacado en la producción agrícola a nivel mundial y en Colombia constituye el tercer producto más exportado. No obstante, a lo largo de la historia su producción ha sido amenazada por diferentes patógenos, entre los cuales, se destaca el hongo Fusarium oxysporum, agente causal de la marchitez o enfermedad de Panamá. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue caracterizar aislamientos del género Fusarium y los sistemas productivos asociados a cultivos de banano Gros Michel en el departamento del Valle del Cauca. Se tomaron muestras en los municipios de Alcalá, Sevilla y Caicedonia, que fueron analizadas en el Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Fitosanitario del ICA Seccional Valle del Cauca y se aplicaron encuestas para analizar el manejo del cultivo y la relación con la presencia de la enfermedad en los tres municipios. Se encontró el patógeno en 19 de las 33 fincas muestreadas luego de realizar procesos de aislamiento y caracterización morfológica. La identificación molecular de los diecinueve aislamientos se realizó por secuenciación del ADN asociado a la región ITS y al gen TEF-1α; las secuencias resultantes se compararon con las secuencias almacenadas en el Genbank. El análisis de las secuencias resultantes se realizó con el software MEGA 6, utilizando el coeficiente de similitud del vecino más cercano. La presencia de Fusarium oxysporum se confirmó en el 84% de los aislamientos obtenidos de las muestras procesadas. De acuerdo con las encuestas se encontró que la enfermedad está presente en los tres municipios objeto de estudio, los agricultores confunden los síntomas de la enfermedad con otras patologías y deficiencias nutricionales, además el medio de diseminación del patógeno más frecuente continúa siendo el material de propagación de la misma finca o de zonas afectadas por la enfermedad. //Abstract: Banana crop is one of the most important assets worldwide and for the Colombian economy is the third most traded export product. However, throughout the banana production history the crop has been threatened by several pathogenic agents, one of them is Fusarium oxysporum, which produces the banana vascular wilt also called Panama disease. The goal of this research is to characterize samples of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from soil in Valle del Cauca department. The samples were taken from the municipalities of Alcalá, Sevilla and Caicedonia, then the samples were analyzed in the Laboratory of Phytosanitary Diagnostic in Valle del Cauca, and finally a questionnaire was applied to farmers in order to analyze the crop management and its relationship with the disease presence. As a result of the isolation from farm soil samples and posterior morphological characterization the fungi was found in 19 out of 33 farms. The molecular identification of the 19 sampled farms was conducted by sequencing DNA associated with both ITS region and TEF-1α gene. The resulting sequences were compared with sequences deposited in Genbank. Analysis of sequences was processed with the software MEGA 6 and using the neighborhood similarity coefficient. Fusarium oxysporum presence was confirmed in 84% percent of the processed samples. Based on the questionnaire it is known that the disease is present in the three municipalities, the farmers confuse the Panama disease symptoms with other pathologies, and the most frequent spreading disease mechanism is dissemination material from contaminated farms. Maestría

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Sociologia, 2018. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Este estudo identificou a ação coletiva de três grupos ambientais na Colômbia: O Comitê Ambiental em Defesa da Vida (CADV), o Movimento Semeando Ando (MSA) e a Agenda Ambiental em Movimento (AAM) através das redes de relação construídas entre seus agentes e seus principais repertórios e efeitos destes no contexto sociopolítico. Os três movimentos objeto de estudo desta pesquisa responderam à tomada de decisões descentralizada, à heterogeneidade e à diversidade. Eles se desenvolveram através da relação com seus contextos, mantendo sua organização básica. Do mesmo modo, estes movimentos criaram redes de relação com entidades hierárquicas, como partidos políticos, corporações e instituições estatais. Essas diferenças e multiplicidades de atores deram origem à heterogeneidade dos movimentos em questão. Em segundo lugar, este trabalho explorou os diferentes repertórios a partir dos quais os movimentos (CADV), (MSA) e (AAM) articularam demandas. Esses repertórios foram analisados a partir desses processos de conexão e contexto em que foram desenvolvidos. No contexto dos repertórios verificou-se que os movimentos não só responderam a um conjunto de performances individuais, mas através de um processo conector com diferentes organizações e instituições e actantes, deram distintos formatos aos seus repertórios. Nesse sentido, embora os movimentos tenham sido influenciados pelo contexto, não só esperaram um evento favorável ou desfavorável para agir, a partir de suas conexões estratégicas com outros agentes, mas criaram também suas próprias possibilidades de ação. Deste modo, observou-se que os três grupos em estudo nesta pesquisa envolveram conexões que colaboraram na criação, desenvolvimento e inovação de seus repertórios e que estes foram combinados com outras formas de repertórios. Assim, Atores Rede heterogêneos, com diferentes cores políticas, de diferentes setores sociais, com diferentes experiências participativas e organizacionais conseguem se articular inovando a ação de seus movimentos e ao tempo sendo influenciados pelos mesmos. This study identified the collective action of three environmental groups in Colombia; The Environmental Committee in Defense of Life (CADV), the Sembrando Ando Movement (MSA) and the Environmental Agenda in Movement (AAM) through the relationship networks built between its agents and its main repertoires and their effects in the socio-political context. The three movements studied in this study responded to decentralized decision-making, heterogeneity and diversity. They have developed through the relationship with their contexts, maintaining their basic organization. Similarly, these movements have created networks of relationships with hierarchical entities, such as political parties, corporations, and state institutions. These differences and multiplicity of actors gave rise to the heterogeneity of the movements in question. Secondly, this work explored the different repertoires from which movements (CADV), (MSA) and (AAM) articulated demands. These repertoires were analyzed from these connection processes and context in which they were developed. In the context of the repertoires it was verified that the movements not only responded to a set of individual performances, but through a connector process with different organizations, institutions and “actantes”, they gave different formats to their repertoires. In this sense, although the movements were influenced by the context, not only were they waiting for a favorable or unfavorable event to act, from their strategic connections with other agents, they create their own possibilities of action. In this sense, it was observed that the three groups under study in this research involved connections that collaborated in the creation, development and innovation of their repertoires and that these were combined with other forms of repertoires. Thus, heterogeneous network actors, with different political colors, from different social sectors, with different participatory and organizational experiences are able to articulate innovating the action of their movements and the time being influenced by them.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 303,000 neonates die within their first month of age every year globally as a result of a birth defect. Neural tube defects, serious birth defects of the brain and spine, are among the most common and severe of these birth defects. Since some low- and middle-income countries lack comprehensive, accurate data documenting the burden of these defects, providing technical assistance to help build birth defects surveillance programs can accelerate the collection of data needed to demonstrate this burden and advance prevention initiatives. We developed a birth defects surveillance toolkit, a technical assistance tool for country staff to help them implement birth defects surveillance. An evaluation of the toolkit with partners in Africa was conducted to assess perceptions of the usefulness, effectiveness, and policy impact of the surveillance toolkit and surveillance-related technical assistance provided to countries thus far. Overall, respondents provided very positive feedback about the toolkit components. Recommendations for improvement included customization to country contexts, such as photos reflective of African babies; surveillance examples from other countries; and consistent use of terms.

La pregunta que guía esta investigación pretende establecer el sentido ontológico de la finitud en Ernildo Stein, en un intento por abordar tanto el desarrollo temático de la finitud desde la pregunta por el ser como el sentido propio que en él se gesta. Al respecto, el objetivo principal que direcciona la investigación consiste en explicitar el sentido ontológico del concepto de finitud en la obra filosófica del filósofo brasileño a partir de la delimitación del concepto de finitud mediante la revisión bibliográfica de las obras filosóficas de Martin Heidegger dedicadas a Kant, Hegel y Nietzsche, acorde con los referentes teóricos de Stein y la Identificación en la ontología de la finitud de Ernildo Stein los conceptos ontológicos que permiten la comprensión de la pregunta por el ser desde la cual se viabilicen alcances en diferentes ámbitos. Magister en Filosofía latinoamericana http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co Maestría

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de una capacitación para mejorar los conocimientos sobre salud bucal en gestantes del centro de salud defensores de la patria, callao ventanilla 2016. Se realizó el estudio experimental explicativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 30 gestantes las cuales cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Para medir la variable nivel de conocimiento se utilizó como método la encuesta y se aplicó un cuestionario de 22 preguntas donde se evaluó los conocimientos sobre salud bucal de las gestantes. Agrupándose los resultados en los siguientes intervalos: Bajo (0-7) Medio (8-15) Alto (16-22). Se encontró que el nivel de conocimiento más frecuente antes de la capacitación fue el nivel Medio y después de la capacitación fue un nivel Alto con un 100%. Además, en el análisis de puntuaciones por dimensión y el cuestionario global aplicándose la prueba T. Esta prueba analiza el conocimiento de las dimensiones y de toda la encuesta, según las puntuaciones, antes y después de la intervención. Vemos en cada dimensión que el conocimiento promedio aumenta después de la intervención y ese incremento del conocimiento es estadísticamente significativo. Lima Norte Escuela de Posgrado Gestión de los Servicios de la Salud

Este proyecto consiste en dar un servicio turístico aprovechando los recursos naturales que se encuentran en la parroquia TARIFA, los recorridos se realizan en canoa navegando por el río LOS TINTOS que atreviesa los recintos; LA ISLA, GUACHAPELI Y MARGARITA. Durante el viaje se ofrece realizar la catividad de pesca deportiva, dirigida por un instructor que estará con los turistas en cada paseo. Adicionalmente, el instructor actuará como guía turístico, describiendo la historia, flora, fauna y temas de interés del sector visitado. Guayaquil Magíster en Gestión de Proyectos

The Near-InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) is a new ultra-stable infrared (YJH) spectrograph that will be installed on ESO’s 3.6-metre Telescope in La Silla, Chile. Aiming to achieve a precision of 1 m s–1, NIRPS is designed to find rocky planets orbiting M dwarfs, and will operate together with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS), also on the 3.6-metre Telescope. In this article we describe the NIRPS science cases and present its main technical characteristics., Published in The Messenger vol. 169, pp. 21-27, September 2017.