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Cutting experiments of sintered steel Fe–2Cu–0.8C under different lubrication/cooling conditions and with different tool materials were performed in order to clarify the reasons for the low machina...

The reinforcing effect of multi-layer graphene (MLG) on the fracture toughness and flexural strength of an Al 2 O 3 /TiC ceramic tool material was studied by theoretical analyses and experimental observations. The crack paths induced by Vickers indentation were analyzed using the fractal method to distinguish the possible reinforcing mechanisms. High-level reinforcement was observed in the Al 2 O 3 /TiC ceramic with well-dispersed MLG. The average indentation fracture toughness was 6.14 MPa m 1/2 , against 4.98 MPa m 1/2 for the Al 2 O 3 /TiC ceramic, and the flexural strength improved from 749.6 MPa to 981.5 MPa for the 0.2 wt%-added MLG. The main reinforcing mechanisms are proposed to be the hindering effect of MLG on the crack path and the synergistic effect of weak and strong bonding interfaces, as well as grain refinement.

Friction stir welding is a novel and promising joining process and most common welding tool failure is transformation of geometry caused by wear. In our point of view, this is adhesion wear. The lathe testing of adhesion wear was conducted to compare wear resistance of following materials: Co-25wt%Cr, TiC-25wt%Ni/Mo and WC-6wt%Co. According to characteristics of investigated materials, they are capable to become alternatives for conventional frictional stir welding (FSW) tool materials. Adhesive wear tests were performed by turning aluminium alloy AW6082-T6 at low speed – travel length, turning speed and feed rate were selected to simulate FSW conditions. The adhesive wear was determined as the change of the geometry of the cutting edges of the tool measured using SEM images. Most promising tool material in terms of adhesion wear resistance is WC-Co hardmetal. The two main stages of wear were distinguished: at first, the appearance of intensive adhesion wear followed by steady state wear. Surface fatigue wear complements development of the adhesive wear.

This research focuses on the cutting performance of Al2O3 and Si3N4 ceramic cutting tools in up-milling plywood, the results of which are as follows. First, whether the tool material is Al2O3 or Si3N4 ceramic, the cutting forces at low-speed cutting were less than those at high-speed cutting, and the machining quality at low-speed cutting was greater than that at high-speed cutting. Then, whether at low- or high-speed cutting, the cutting forces of Al2O3 cutting tools were higher than those of Si3N4 cutting tools, and the machining quality of plywood milled by Al2O3 ceramic cutting tools was poorer than that milled by Si3N4 ceramic cutting tools. Finally, Si3N4 ceramic cutting tools were more suitable to machine the wooden productions with much glue content than Al2O3 ceramic cutting tools for the better machined quality.

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of the temperature of solution heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the newly designed model alloy, intended for working at high temperatures. Design/methodology/approach: A mass weighing approx. 1 kg was test melted in a vacuum furnace and cast into a ceramic mould. Samples for investigations were solution heat treated at the temperature range of 1020-1170°C. After heating to the desired temperature, the samples were held at this temperature for 2 hours and then water-cooled. Findings: The main constituents of the microstructure of the Ni-Co-Cr-Ta-Al-C alloy in as-cast state are: the γ phase, which constitutes the matrix, the γ’ phase (γ’ phase occurs as fine globular precipitates) as well as primary TaC and Cr7C3 carbides. Irregularly shaped primary carbides are uniformly distributed and do not form agglomerates. Solution heat treatment of the investigated alloy at exceedingly higher temperatures causes a slow decrease of chromium primary carbides. Research limitations/implications: Taking into account the chemical composition of the investigated alloy, it is reasonable to expect the heat treatment should improve its properties. At 1020°C, γ’ phase precipitations dissolve and it is possible to achieve a super saturated solid solution matrix. Next, correct aging treatment should by applied. Practical implications: A new model alloy which allows to design a new material for high temperature applications. Originality/value: New chemical compositions and microstructure of Ni-based materials for high temperature application with high carbon contents. Additionally, the new alloy is strengthened not only by a high carbon volume fraction but also by intermetallic phases.

Shear-cutting is one of the most important manufacturing processes involving sheet metal. The local pressure on the tools as well as the sliding speed between tools and work piece are much larger in shear cutting than in typical forming processes such as deep-drawing. This makes the prediction of tool life more critical in a shear-cutting simulation, in contrast to a forming simulation. A FE-program for wear prediction was used so far in the forming simulation. This tool was adjusted to the shear-cutting process through modifications of the shear-cutting simulation and of the interpolation algorithm to stabilize the wear calculation for the process. Endurance tests for the validation of the simulation results were performed with a hardened cold working steel (1.2379, 58 HRC) as tool material and a dual phase steel (DP600) with a thickness of 1 mm as sheet material. The FE-tool permits the qualitative prediction of the wear of the active elements in shear-cutting processes.

This paper describes the effects of deep cryo treated high speed steel. In recent research, the cryo treatment has been acknowledged by improving the life or quality performance of tool materials. The molybdenum based high speed tool steel is frequently used in industry till date. Therefore, it is essential to observe the tool performance in machining of medium carbon steel (AISI 1045) on dry turning operation. The effect of untreated and deep cryo treated tool in turning of medium carbon steel is analyzed using Taguchi approach. The results indicated that the main cutting force obtained from cryo treated tool significantly decreased to 29 % when compared with the untreated tool. Also, it revealed that the surface roughness of machined component using deep cryo treated tool was better than of the untreated tool.

In the present study, an attempt is performed to critically review researches on cutting forces, cutting temperature, tool failure mechanisms, and surface roughness in intermittent cutting of hardened steel. Former studies provided much valuable information. However, some limitations can still be identified. For the purpose of having a thorough understanding of intermittent hard cutting, cutting performance of some other suitable tool materials should also be investigated. More researches on high-speed face milling of hardened steel should be conducted. More studies are needed to focus on the characteristics which arise at higher cutting speed in intermittent hard cutting. Development of intensity and area of heat source in milling should be paid attention to, so that accurate analysis of transient cutting temperatures in hard milling can be conducted. Damage mechanics can be considered as a bridge between the analysis of microscopic damage and macroscopic fracture of the tool material in intermittent hard cutting.

To provide guidance for the tool materials selection in the machining of high-strength steels, this article outlines the application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for the cutting performance evaluation of cemented carbide tools, ceramic tools, and cermet tools. The results indicate that cermets with the best comprehensive cutting performance are chosen as the optimum tool materials for the machining of high-strength steels. Moreover, the severe adhesion wear characteristics of cemented carbide tools are detrimental to the surface quality of workpieces. The obvious crater wear and furrow-like scratches caused mainly by abrasive wear, as well as adhesive wear can shorten the life of ceramic tools. The sharp cutting edge and good wear resistance of cermet tools are not only beneficial to the machined surface quality of workpieces, but also prolong the tool life. The analysis of tool wear proves the reliability and accuracy of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.

The article considers the problems of forecasting the performance of cutting tools equipped with replaceable ceramic cutting bits. It is proposed to forecast the operability of ceramic tools on the ground of dependence between its performance characteristics and the microstructural parameters of the tool material. It is proposed to determine the parameters of ceramic bits microstructure by a nondestructive testing methods based on measuring the specific electrical resistance of ceramic materials. As a result of the study we have undertaken, a relationship was detected between the performance and specific electrical resistance of ceramic cutting tools.

Purpose: Purpose of this paper is to present results obtained during developing new cutting tools for individual tool industry. The aim of the research was to develop customized ball end milling tools with longer tool-life. Design/methodology/approach: to this study of development of new tools was over four successive sets of experiments, where the tool material, cutting edge preparation (cutting edge radius), rake angle and coating were selected for achieving longer tool-life. Tool-life was monitored over measuring tool wear on the flank face of the tool; maximum allowed tool wear was set to VB = 0.3 mm. Findings: of this study are showing that with right combination of the tool material, cutting edge radius, rake angle and appropriate coating, tool-life can be prolonged significant. Research (and practical) implications: implications are reflected in the substituting of all used milling tools from renowned manufacturers with these newly developed tools in this tool industry. Originality/value: of this paper is visible over significant improvement in tool-life of milling tools, especially for the company who will be using these tools in their production.

Beside the surface properties of the tool material, its temperature is an important parameter influencing the wettability of the tool surface by polymer melts in extrusion technology and injection molding. The temperature and time dependence of the contact angle of a polypropylene and a polymethylmethacrylate melt on polished tool steel was studied in this work at close to process conditions. The experiments were conducted by placing the polymeric sample on the hot tool material substrate in a high temperature chamber and recording the drop shape dependence on time. Based on the experimental results, a novel model was developed which allows a description of the contact angle dependent on temperature and time. The contact angle of the investigated polymer melts exhibits a linear decrease with rising temperature, which means that the wettability of the tool material by the polymer melt is improved with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the model proposed herein enables a complete mathematical description of the contact angle of polymer melts on the tool material dependent on temperature and time. The parameters of this function are the initial contact angle θ0, the contact angle when time approaches infinity θ∞ and a characteristic material time B. The time dependency is incorporated by an exponential function. The characterizing contact angle parameters (θ0, θ∞) follow a linear decrease with rising temperature. The characteristic material time B obeys an exponential law dependent on the reciprocal value of temperature similar to Arrhenius' law.

Objectives According to the technical intelligence hypothesis, humans are superior to all other animal species in understanding and using tools. However, the vast majority of comparative studies between humans and chimpanzees, both proficient tool users, have not controlled for the effects of age, prior knowledge, past experience, rearing conditions, or differences in experimental procedures. We tested whether humans are superior to chimpanzees in selecting better tools, using them more dexteriously, achieving higher performance and gaining access to more resource as predicted under the technical intelligence hypothesis. Materials and methods Aka and Mbendjele hunter-gatherers in the rainforest of Central African Republic and the Republic of Congo, respectively, and Tai chimpanzees in the rainforest of Cote d'Ivoire were observed cracking hard Panda oleosa nuts with different tools, as well as the soft Coula edulis and Elaeis guinensis nuts. The nut-cracking techniques, hammer material selection and two efficiency measures were compared. Results As predicted, the Aka and the Mbendjele were able to exploit more species of hard nuts in the forest than chimpanzees. However, the chimpanzees were sometimes more efficient than the humans. Social roles differed between the two species, with the Aka and especially the Mbendjele exhibiting cooperation between nut-crackers whereas the chimpanzees were mainly individualistic. Discussion Observations of nut-cracking by humans and chimpanzees only partially supported the technical intelligence hypothesis as higher degrees of flexibility in tool selection seen in chimpanzees compensated for use of less efficient tool material than in humans. Nut cracking was a stronger social undertaking in humans than in chimpanzees.

A new cold deformation method of cast magnesium is proposed. The method includes the implementation of the upsetting technique under lateral pressure. The billet is initially placed into a jacket made of ductile metal and then into a container. The billet is affected with a puncheon placed into the container with a gap. Under the press force, the jacket metal flows into the gap and forms the pressure. This results in an increase in the level of compressing stresses, which increases the ductility of magnesium. Deformation tests of cast magnesium samples showed that the relative reduction without destruction can be increased from 12‒18 to 60–70%. Such an increase in ductility makes it possible to produce deformed magnesium billets without heating. A simplified removal procedure of the samples from jackets after the completion of deformation is foreseen. It is revealed that the process can be performed at average upsetting pressures of 820–830 MPa, which is acceptable for modern tool materials.

The interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) is an important thermo-physical parameter in hot stamping processes, for achieving the desired post-form mechanical strength of formed components. In the present study, the temperature evolutions of specimens under hot stamping conditions were measured using a novel IHTC test facility. The effects of contact pressure and tool material on the IHTC were subsequently investigated between the hot AA7075 specimens and different forming tools. In order to predict the IHTC evolutions, a mechanism based IHTC model was developed to represent the effects of contact pressure and tool material on the IHTC.

The study proposes a new method for the cold deformation of cast magnesium. It consists in upsetting using a under lateral pressure. The bar is first placed into a holder made of ductile material, and then into a container. The punch mounted in a container with a gap acts on the blank. Under the press force, the metal contained in the holder flows through the gap and creates a pressure. This increase the level of compressive stresses thus improving magnesium ductility. Deformation tests of cast magnesium specimens were made that showed that the nondestructive reduction of cross-sectional area could be increased from 12–18 to 60–70 %. Such an increase in ductility makes it possible to produce deformed magnesium bars without heating. The method for easier removal of bars from holders after deformation was provided. It was determined that the process could be carried out at moderate upsetting pressures of 820– 830 MPa. This is acceptable for modern tool materials.

The article describes an automated system designed study vibrations and cutting forces during turning. The developed automated system allows you to control three components of the cutting force (Px, Py, Pz) and the acceleration in the process of turning. The operator has the ability to take data in real time, save and carry out the processing of the experimental data obtained in PowerGraph software package. The system is designed to optimize the treatment process and the establishment of optimal applications of new tool materials

International audience; Mechanical drilling has been frequently used for hole making of hybrid CFRP/Ti stacks in order to ensure excellent fastening assembly. Owing to their inhomogeneous behavior and poor machinability, drilling CFRP/Ti stacks in one-shot time has brought great challenges to the modern manufacturing community. Compared to the previous studies on drilling CFRP/Ti, this paper aims to highlight the following aspects: (i) the features of tool-work interaction and machinability classification in the bi-material drilling, (ii) the influences of different cutting sequences on CFRP/Ti drilling responses, and (iii) the effects of different tool geometries/materials on CFRP/Ti drilling performance. The experimental results have shown that the drill geometrical features, which ensure the cutting contacts of the stack combination, have a more significant effect on CFRP/Ti drilling output than tool material composition. The Ti?CFRP drilling strategy promotes higher quality of the machined hole surfaces (e.g., more consistent hole diameters and much better surface finish) with lower Ti burr extents, while the CFRP?Ti drilling strategy reduces onlythe induced delamination. The experiments discussed in this paper allow besides several recommendations for the cutting sequence selection and drill geometrical design when drilling hybrid CFRP/Ti stacks.

The selection of milling tools for SiC14Cu4Mg0.5Si based on Aluminium matrix 2A14 was analyzed, and the factors that affect the efficiency of the milling were discussed. The SiC14Cu4Mg0.5Si was designed for use on the moon landing vehicle or missile wings, but the hardness of aluminium-silicon carbide composite material was very high, much higher than the general hardness of cemented carbide, which will bring many difficulties in the aluminium-silicon carbide composite material processing. The chemical compositions of SiC14Cu4Mg0.5Si were analyzed. A new selected indexable cutter was designed to mill SiC14Cu4Mg0.5Si. The structure design of milling cutter was different from the conventional milling cutter, breaking the previous limitations to a certain extent, pioneering the idea. The tool material wear was detected by experiments. The mechanical and physical properties of SiC14Cu4Mg0.5Si were also tested. SiC14Cu4Mg0.5Si exhibited different surface quality characteristics under different milling tools.

In manufacturing industries, high-speed machining of aluminum alloys is highly recommended for achieving better productivity in terms of cutting force reduction and improved surface finish. Even though an overwhelming number of process parameters affect the high-speed machining operations, tool material is considered to be the most predominant factor in determining the machining performance. Hence, in the present work, experimental and simulation analyses are carried out for understanding the effect of different tool materials in high-speed machining of aluminum alloy. Formation of dead metal zone is taken as the fundamental criterion for analyzing the discrepancy in cutting forces, and the same is discussed in detail in the present paper.

In this paper some results concerning the cutting temperature and surface roughness using different milling conditions (tool material, cutting speed, speed feed and depth of cut) are presented.

The paper explores the performance of alumina- based ceramic cutting tools, rated with the tool life, surface roughness and cutting power used as evaluation parameters when turning C45, 42Cr4 and 100Cr6 steels. Adequate theoretical-experimental models have been built. The performance between mixed alumina ceramic tools and zirconia toughened alumina ceramic tools is compared and appropriate combinations of processed and tool material are recommended. It was found that in the whole study ranges of cutting speed and feed for all machined materials, the cutting tools of mixed ceramic show better performance evaluated with the surface roughness parameter. In the area of high cutting speeds and large feeds, cutting tools of mixed ceramic show better tool life and cutting power.

In this thesis, the results of an experimental analysis of blanking angled hooks with a punch of a sloping face in a thin steel sheet with a hardness of 55 HRC are presented. The blanking punch was made of K340 cold-work tool steel. Tests were carried out for three values of clearance, 5%, 10%, and 15% of sheet thickness. The results of the analysis of the influence of the number of cuts made by the punch on the growth of the burr at the sheet edge were presented. Moreover, the influences of the clearance on the initial values of burr (bh), deflection (Hb), and the bending radius (Rb) of the hook have been shown. The influence of the friction path on the intensity of degradation of working surfaces and the blanking edges of the punch was also demonstrated. The obtained results allow the selection of the proper clearance and new tool materials for blanking blades working in particularly difficult tribological conditions.

With the development of (electrical discharge machining) EDM technology, composite tools with special features gradually replace the traditional single-material tools and have become widely used in specific processing conditions. In order to predict the wear of composite tool effectively, in this paper, a material removal model of single-pulse EDM with composite tools was established by using the finite element method. The surface temperature distribution of the composite tool was obtained by taking the copper-die steel tool as the analysis object. And the shape of discharge crater as well as the removal volume was obtained by the element birth and death method. The influences of discharge parameters and tool materials on the removal volume were analyzed respectively. The EDM experiments were carried out by using copper-die steel as the composite tool to verify the simulation results. It shows that the errors between actual machining results and the simulation results are less than 10%, which proves the accuracy of the simulation model.

In this chapter, the current state of understanding and development of friction-stir processing of commercial-purity titanium is briefly reviewed. The critical issues of this technique are addressed, including tool materials, working temperature, and processing window. A particular emphasis is given to the final microstructure produced in the stir zone as well as to mechanisms of microstructural evolution.

This chapter discusses hole quality issues, benefits, and tool criteria for the single-shot drilling process specifically in aircraft application. The chapter begins by introducing stacked materials and single-shot drilling followed by a summary of the current practice in drilling of stacked materials. Next, characterization of the hole quality commonly induced by single-shot drilling process in relation to tool material and drilling parameter is presented. The chapter then continues with the benefits and the limitations of single-shot drilling process. Finally, the chapter focuses on suggested tool requirements such as the suitable tool design and material for high wear resistance, which lead to longer tool life and improved hole quality.

This chapter describes the current development of tool design for drilling of fiber reinforced composite (FRC) panels. It starts with a short introduction to the basics of FRCs and the types of material that are commonly used in commercial aircraft. Then, it describes the types of hole making in the drilling process, focusing on final hole size, which is critical for subsequent processes in aircraft manufacturing such as bolting and riveting of the FRC panel. The main part discusses the drill tool material and tool design geometry in drilling FRC materials. The chapter also discusses the influence of tool design on hole quality in drilling FRC materials.

The connection between the entropy of HSS grades and their frictional properties and elastic strength characteristics of surface layers at the microlevel was experimentally confirmed. It was established that the best friction characteristics are connected with a high level of entropy, which apparently can be explained by the peculiarities of forming the third body (build-up layer) and its composition. The growth process of the third body for high entropy HSS flows with a greater speed than its destruction, and the obtained thickness of the third body contributes to the alienation of friction surfaces reducing the strength of adhesive joints and the coefficient of friction. These properties become apparent under conditions when the value of thermomechanical activating effects in the friction zone is of an adequate level. It was established that build-up layers on specimens of high entropy HSS have a greater stability due to their high hardness and low elasticity of surface layers. The authors proposed the process of build-up layer formation during friction for HSS having various entropy levels characterized in the first approximation by the two quantitative indicators: the maximum possible value of build-up layer thickness under specified conditions and the relative rate of build-up layer formation versus destruction. It was assumed that the calculation of entropy values as structurally sensitive characteristics of the tool materials may be used for a priori prediction of the tribological properties of existing and newly developed grades of HSS.

Summary Behavioral flexibility is a critical ability allowing animals to respond to changes in their environment. Previous studies have found evidence of inflexibility when captive chimpanzees are faced with changing task parameters. We provided two groups of sanctuary-housed chimpanzees with a foraging task in which solutions were restricted over time. Initially, juice could be retrieved from within a tube by hand or by using tool materials, but effective solutions were then restricted by narrowing the tube, necessitating the abandonment of previous solutions and adoption of new ones. Chimpanzees responded flexibly, but one group increased their use of effective techniques to a greater extent than the other. Tool-composite techniques emerged in both groups, but primarily in the more flexible group. The more flexible group also showed higher rates of socio-positive behaviors at the task. In conjunction, these findings support the hypothesis that social tolerance may facilitate the emergence and spread of novel behaviors., Graphical abstract, Highlights • Chimpanzees adapted their tool use to a change in foraging constraints • Groups differed significantly in the level of behavioral flexibility observed • The more flexible group showed higher rates of socio-positive behaviors at the task • Tool-composite techniques were observed, primarily in the more flexible group, Biological Sciences; Animals; Ethology

The paper reviews the basic principles of friction stir welding, its methodology, and all other technical aspects. As reported by different researchers, the effect of varying welding variables such as tool geometry, tool-tilt angle and tool materials on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded materials, and weld quality are reported and discussed. The paper covers the various mechanical and metallurgical properties of similar/dissimilar aluminium alloys and other metal joints welded using friction stir welding (FSW). The attempt has been made to present a comprehensive review of some of the salient works carried out by various researchers pertaining to friction stir processing (FSP) /FSW of aluminium alloys. The paper also identifies the existing research gaps in the area of FSW, which should be explored in future.

A mechanical machine needs to be considering the effect of cyclic stress to avoid failures, the machine considered in this work is rotating beam fatigue tester to know the failure points. This machine present the fatigue strength values of different materials when it is subjected to repeated loads at different stress values. To establish the fatigue characteristics, various materials are tested with initial test, at a stress value that is under the material’s ultimate strength. Machine components are subjected to repeated varying forces or fluctuating loads of definite magnitude and stress cycles are to be measured. In this paper it has been analyse the performance EN8 and D2 steel. These materials are used for general applications of thread rolling process which experiences weariness stacking. Further, concentrates on fatigue testing machine to improve strength quality is shown. In the same way the method is repeated with the different values of load on EN8 and D2 steel specimens and the results are plotted and to represented on S-N diagram.

Electric discharge coating is a deposition process that can deposit thin and thick films using electric discharge machine. In the present experimental investigation, W–Cu powder metallurgical electrodes of 325 mesh size have been used as electrodes for the deposition process. This work focuses on the post processing of deposited layer to alter the surface characteristics. Two different methods have been attempted to reduce the surface roughness. The results demonstrate the possibility of enhancing the surface finish with these methods. XRD analysis substantiates the presence of the tool materials and their carbides such as Cu, W, WC, and W2C as the major constituents in the deposited layer.

Ultra-precision grinding, wire-cut electro discharge machining and lapping are often used to machine the tools in fine blanking industry. And the surface integrity from these machining processes causes great concerns in the research field. To study the effect of processing surface integrity on the fine blanking tool life, the surface integrity of different tool materials under different processing conditions and its influence on fatigue life were thoroughly analyzed in the present study. The result shows that the surface integrity of different materials was quite different on the same processing condition. For the same tool material, the surface integrity on varying processing conditions was quite different too and deeply influenced the fatigue life.

A method is proposed for combined machining of difficultly machinable materials with precooling of blanks. It is demonstrated with reference to titanium and its alloys that high surface quality and assigned performance properties of the components can be ensured with retention of prolonged cutting-tool life by controlling heat fluxes during high-speed machining with precooling. For making tools, the most preferable are tool materials with a high heat conductivity coefficient.

The stress state of wear-resistant coatings is investigated. It is determined by the total stress and depends on the coating composition and the basic tool material. It will also depend on the structure of multilayer coatings. The influence of the stress state on the tool’s wear rate is demonstrated.

Hard-alloy tools for the machining of components used in gas-turbine engines are considered. Thermodynamic analysis of the relation between tool wear and mechanical and thermal phenomena provides the basis for an express method of selecting the best tool material.

Investigations include alloying the PMHSS6-5-3 steel surface layer with carbide and ceramic powders WC, VC, TiC, SiC, Si3N4 and Al2O3, using the high power diode laser (HPDL). Laser treatment is especially promising for solving contemporary surface engineering problems making it possible to focus precisely the delivered energy in the form of heat in the surface layer. The structural mechanism was determined of surface layers development, effect was studied of alloying parameters, method on structure refinement and influence of these factors on the mechanical properties of surface layer, and especially on its abrasive wear resistance. The fine grained martensite structure is responsible for hardness increase of the alloyed layer. The tribological wear relationships were determined for laser treated surface layers, determining friction coefficient, and wear trace shape developed due to the abrasive wear of the investigated surfaces. Comparison of the laser treatment parameters and tribological properties of surface layer after remelting and alloying with hard particles of the PMHSS6-5-3 steel using the high power diode laser to obtain the optimum service properties is the outcome of the investigations carried out.