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The RNAs having template activities were extracted from soluble fraction of the cotyledons of soybean seeds. These were consisted of two major components, 9s and 18s (High molecular weight RNA, H-RNA). Both components have template activities in the E. coli S-30 system. H-RNA was found in the precipitate fraction when the so-called soluble fraction was centrifuged for 2hr at 198, 000×g. H-RNA increased remarkably in kernels during ripening process and seems to be preserved in the seeds.

Autoxidized lipids have been reported to be toxic. But which compound of autoxidized lipids, hydroperoxides or their secondary products, is really toxic seems to be not still clear. Autoxidized linoleic acid was fractionated by column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The purity of linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHPO) was confirmed by TLC and polarography.The effect of purified hydroperoxide and the secondary products on the growth of Escherichia coli was tested at the beginning and after 2 hr of incubation. LAHPO at 10−3m concentration showed complete inhibition, when added at the initial stage or at the early log phase. The secondary products at about 0.035% concentration when added at the beginning of incubation showed complete inhibition, but when added at the early log phase they showed no inhibitory effect.The inhibitory effect of LAHPO was partially retared by the addition of antioxidants, but the inhibitory effect of the secondary products could not be retarded by such compounds. ...

Some differences between linoleic acid hydroperoxides (LAHPO) and their secondary products in their function in cell damage were determined. E. coli cells were incubated with the autooxidized products of linoleic acid-1-14C; hydroperoxides and their secondary products. At O hr the secondary products showed a higher tendency to adhere to the cell surface, compared with LAHPO. The distribution of radioactivity in the precipitate and the soluble fractions showed that a major portion of the radioactivity incorporated was contained in the soluble fraction in the case of LAHPO, while in the case of the secondary products the radioactivity was contained mostly in the precipitate fraction. A positive relationship between a lowering of the inhibitory effect and u decrease in the incorporation was observed in the case of LAHPO when antioxidants were added to the reaction system. No such effect was observed with the secondary products. These results may show that the inhibition of growth by LAHPO is due to a radicaltype reaction accompanied by the penetration of LAHPO into the cell sap, while the inhibi-tion of growth by the secondary products may be due to a different type of reaction which includes non-specific adsorption to the cell surface.

Some differences between linoleic acid hydroperoxides (LAHPO) and their secondary products in their function in cell damage were determined. E. coli cells were incubated with the autooxidized products of linoleic acid-l-14C; hydroperoxides and their secondary products. At 0 hr the secondary products showed a higher tendency to adhere to the cell surface, compared with LAHPO. The distribution of radioactivity in the precipitate and the soluble fractions showed that a major portion of the radioactivity incorporated was contained in the soluble fraction in the case of LAHPO, while in the case of the secondary products the radioactivity was contained mostly in the precipitate fraction. A positive relationship between a lowering of the inhibitory effect and a decrease in the incorporation was observed in the case of LAHPO when antioxidants were added to the reaction system. No such effect was observed with the secondary products.These results may show that the inhibition of growth by LAHPO is due to a radical-...

茶葉のα-トコフェロール含量を新芽の葉位別および新芽摘採後の茶樹の部位別に調査し以下のような結果を得た. (1) 新芽の葉位別含量は上位葉に低く,下位葉に高かった.玉露,てん茶用の生葉に比べて,煎茶用の生葉のほうが高かった.煎茶用新芽4葉芽の第4葉は290.8(mg/100g乾物重)のα-トコフェロールを含んでいた. (2) 新芽摘採後の茶樹の部位別含量は葉部に高く,枝部に低かった.番刈りによって刈り落とされる枝葉のうち,緑枝葉は123.6(mg/100g乾物重),褐枝葉は129.1(mg/100g乾物重)含んでいた. 現在番刈りによって刈り捨てられている枝葉はα-トコフェロールの供給源としての可能性が示唆された.

Poly(A)-containing RNA from soybean seeds was isolated by affinity chromatography on poly(U)-Sepharose. Translation of poly(A)-containing RNA was inhibited by the addition of m7GMP. Treatment of the poly(A)-containing RNA with periodate followed by aniline (a chemical removal of 5'-terminal m7G) resulted in a marked reduction of mRNA activity. mRNA activity of the treated RNA was partially restored when S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) was included the wheat germ cell-free system. End groups of the poly(A)-containing RNA were labeled by oxidation with periodate and reduction with [3H]borohydride. Analysis of nuclease digests of 3H-labeled poly(A)-containing RNA showed the existence of materials with a charge between --2 and--3 and/or between --3 and--4 which contain pyrophosphate linkages. These results imply the presence of 5'-terminal capped structures, m7G(5')PPp(5')N and m7G(5')PPP(5')Nm, in soybean poly(A)-containing RNA.

Labeled TSH binding (LTB) of individual serum samples was monitored simultaneously using the thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) assay. In 643 TBII determinations, 86 sera (13.4%) showed elevated LTB. The incidence of elevated LTB in active Graves’ patients (17.5%) was much higher than that of inactive Graves’ patients (6.7%). After TBII activities were corrected by LTB, 79% of the active Graves’ patients who had negative raw TBII were found to be positive. In patients with untreated active Graves’ disease, the detectability of TBII increased from 85% to 91% after LTB correction, while those in inactive Graves’ and other thyroid disorders did not increase so much (1.6 and 0%, respectively). Further, most of elevated LTB seen in other thyroid disorders were found to be different from those in Graves’ disease by heat stability experiment. Serial observations of LTB and TBII in 24 Graves’ patients showed 2 patterns. Parallel alterations were observed in 13 patients and reciprocal alterations in 11 patients. Patients showing parallel alteration had smaller goiter and were more sensitive to antithyroid drugs than those showing the latter pattern.

A patient with thyrotoxic Graves' disease had an apparent measurable level of serum TSH (2.5 microU/ml) by double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA). The serum IgG bound with both [125I]human(h)TSH and [125I]bovine(b)TSH. The [125I]hTSH binding was more effectively displaced by human than bovine TSH, whereas [125I]bTSH binding was displaced exclusively by bTSH. Scatchard analyses revealed that [125I]hTSH binding showed two components, whereas [125I]bTSH binding had only one component. Serum TSH determined by RIA became undetectable 21 months after antithyroid drug treatment with a parallel decrease of [125I]hTSH binding IgG activity. Four thyrotrophin binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (TBII) from other patients did not interfere with the binding of the patient's serum to [125I]h- or bTSH. Furthermore, the in-vitro thyroid stimulating activities of three thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSAb) were not affected by the addition of this patient's IgG. On the other hand, this patient's Ig (3 mg/ml) abolished the in-vitro thyroid stimulation by bTSH (100 microU/ml), but did not affect that by hTSH (100 microU/ml). The anti-hTSH antibody, TSH receptor antibody and anti-bTSH antibody in the serum, which contains TSAb as well as anti-TSH antibodies, could be partially purified by hTSH-agarose and subsequently by guinea pig fat cell membrane affinity absorptions. However, the anti-hTSH antibody fraction obtained had both hTSH binding activity and thyroid stimulating activity, and this fraction did not show any inhibitory effect on the in-vitro thyroid stimulation of autologous TSH receptor antibody or hTSH. The possible significance of anti-TSH antibodies is discussed.

In vertebrates, the protein elastin is a vital component of major blood vessels, imparting to them their elastic, rubber-like quality. Purified elastin appears as an interlacing network of fibers and fibrils when examined in the electron microscope; and its unusual physical properties are reflected in a peculiar, and in some respects unique, amino acid composition. Glycine composes 33% of its residues, and the apolar amino acids proline, alanine and valine constitute approx. another 47% [l] . Elastin is very inert and completely insoluble in all solvents which do not break covalent bonds. Partridge and coworkers demonstrated that the polypeptide chains of elastin are linked together by the desmosines, amino acids unique to elastin [2]. They and Miller et al, [3,4] showed that these cross-linkages were derived from the oxidation of lysine by a copper requiring enzyme which was inhibited by /I-aminopropionitrile. Franzblau et al. [5] have discovered another crosslink in elastin, lysinonorleucine, which is also derived from lysine. Because of its insolubility, comparatively little was known concerning the chemical and physical structure of the elastin molecule. Recently Sandberg et al. [6] extracted aortae from copper-deficient pigs with 0.02 M formic acid and isolated a protein whose amino acid composition closely resembled that of insoluble elastin except for the absence of the desmosines. They esti

Oxygen was absorbed during the process of decomposition of LAHPO to their SP. The oxygen absorption by LAHPO as well as oxidizing LA was retarded by the addition of antioxidants. The kinetics studies of oxygen absorption reaction were carried out using a polarographic ele-ctrode when LAHPO was in excess or by a respirometer when oxygen was in excess. In both cases, the reaction followed the first-order kinetics. Total amount of the absorbed oxygen by LAHPO was 1.26 moles per mole of LAHPO, that is, the stoichiometric ratio of the reaction of LAHPO with oxygen was 1 to 1. When LAHPO was incubated under oxygen-free atmosphere in the presence of a catalyzer, the decomposition of LAHPO was remarkably reduced. Thus, the oxygen absorption at the degradation steps of LAHPO was due to LAHPO itself and not to SP, and LAHPO was decomposed by the oxygen action. A possible scheme containing linoleic acid dihydroperoxide which was a reaction inter-mediate at the degradation process of LAHPO was discussed.

Seasonal changes in α-tocopherol content were investigated in different regions of tea bushes grown in fields for mechanical plucking. The highest α-tocopherol concentration was 290.2 (mg/100g dry matter) in brown branch leaves on May 22 th, 1986. α-Tocopherol content in green branch leaves gradually increased from July to October, decreased in December and increased toward spring along with the growth of new shoots. The content in brown branch leaves decreased rapidly in July. After that, α-tocopherol content was similar to that of green branch leaves. Leaves on brown branches exhibited a higher level of α-tocopherol content than leaves on green branches. α-Tocopherol content was higher in green branches than brown branches, but they were both lower than in leaves throughout the year.