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The environment undergoes daily alterations by means of anthropogenic actions. Among these alterations is the activity of improper waste disposal, which leads to the intensification of environmental pollution. This is the scenario in which collectors of recyclable material - wastepickers – work and, through their work, act as environmental agents in a general context of improper waste disposal. The Waste Recycling Community Society of Pirambu (SOCRELP) acts in this scenario, being a wastepickers association located in the city of Fortaleza, in a neighborhood called Jacarecanga. The association was created in 1994 and continues function today contributing to the environmental cleaning and for a greater environmental awareness of the population. The goal of this dissertation is to comprehend the intercourse of the association with the city of Fortaleza and describe how its operating dynamic is developed. For this purpose, the research developed field studies over the period of one year to observe the associates routine, to record them by means of notes in a field journal and by means of pictures, to observe as a participant and with the implementation of interviews and questionnaires among the associated wastepickers. The research allows a comprehension of the work of a wastepickers association in Fortaleza and of the implications of its activities in the working dynamics of solid waste collecting. It was observed that, in SOCRELP, there are predominantly men, adults - mostly over 48 years of age - who earn up to minimum wage. For these individuals, recycling means a source of income, since they find themselves excluded from the formal labor market due to unemployment. The main recyclable materials collected/received are paper and cardboard, and among the neighborhoods where the association collects waste, the Aldeota neighborhood stands out as the largest generator of solid waste. O meio ambiente sofre alterações diárias por meio de ações antropogênicas, dentre elas o descarte incorreto de resíduos, que leva à intensificação da poluição ambiental. Nesse cenário estão presentes os catadores de materiais recicláveis, que atuam como agentes ambientais num panorama marcado pelo descarte errôneo de resíduos. Nesse cenário está inclusa a Sociedade Comunitária de Reciclagem de Lixo do Pirambu (SOCRELP), associação de catadores localizada no bairro Jacarecanga, criada no ano de 1994 e que até os dias de hoje continua a desempenhar um trabalho na cidade de Fortaleza, buscando contribuir para a limpeza do meio e maior conscientização ambiental da população. O objetivo do pres ente trabalho foi compreender as relações da Associação com a cidade de Fortaleza e descrever como se desenvolve sua dinâmica de funcionamento. Para tanto foram realizados trabalhos de campo no período de um ano para observar as rotinas dos associados, registrando-as por meio de anotações em diário de campo e registros fotográficos, se utilizando da observação participante e com realização de entrevistas e questionários com os catadores associados. A pesquisa proporcionou maior compreensão do trabalho de uma associação de catadores na cidade de Fortaleza e as implicações de sua atividade na dinâmica de funcionamento da coleta de resíduos sólidos, onde foi observado que na SOCRELP há a predominância de homens, adultos e a maioria com mais de 48 anos de idade, que recebem até um salário mínimo. Para esses trabalhadores a reciclagem funciona como fonte de renda, visto que devido ao desemprego se encontram excluídos do mercado formal de trabalho. Os principais materiais recicláveis coletados/recebidos são o papel e o papelão, onde dentre os bairros onde a Associação realizada a sua coleta, a Aldeota se destaca como o maior gerador de resíduos sólidos.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:28:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The present study compared the population structure of the shrimp A. longinaris during two distinct periods (November/1988 to October/1989 and November/2008 to October/2009) in the Fortaleza Bay. We used Pearson correlation analysis to verify a possible association between temperature and cephalothorax length (CL) of the obtained individuals. 2412 females and 676 males of A. longinaris were captured in the first period; 843 females and 409 males, in the second. The mean size of shrimp was 15.6 mm CL in the first period and 14.3 mm CL, in the second (U=1066671.0; p < 0.05). Larger individuals were sampled at lower temperatures (Pearson's correlation; r2= -0.80; p < 0.05). In both periods of sampling, we have got adult females larger (mean sizes) than adult males. In addition, for both periods the sex ratio was in favor of females (p < 0.05). The intense trawling activity as well as the water temperature may have caused a sampling of smaller individuals in the second period. The sex ratio favoring females is possibly a result of migration of females to shallower regions, just after mating. After 20 years, only the mean size of the shrimp has changed among the analyzed aspects for A. longinaris. Núcleo de Estudos em Biologia Ecologia e Cultivo de Crustáceos (NEBECC) Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Rua Professor Doutor Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Instituto de Biologia Campus Umuarama Amazon Crustacean Studies Laboratory (LECAM) Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Estrada Odovaldo Novo, Km 1 Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Campus Universitário, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, s/n Londrina Núcleo de Estudos em Biologia Ecologia e Cultivo de Crustáceos (NEBECC) Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Rua Professor Doutor Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n FAPESP: #2015/12.607/6

Submitted by Gustavo De Almeida Rodrigues Teixeira (gustavoteixeira@id.uff.br) on 2019-02-04T01:21:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Gustavo AR Teixeira.pdf: 2228338 bytes, checksum: 596e9f552f11bf85d69cb18bdb1f0968 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Cristina Figueiredo Loureiro (ana-cristina.loureiro@unesp.br) on 2019-02-04T18:06:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Gustavo AR Teixeira.pdf: 2228338 bytes, checksum: 596e9f552f11bf85d69cb18bdb1f0968 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-04T18:06:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Gustavo AR Teixeira.pdf: 2228338 bytes, checksum: 596e9f552f11bf85d69cb18bdb1f0968 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-14 A busca por estudos visando às melhorias em projetos de engenharia relacionados às turbinas hidráulicas se tornam cada vez mais essenciais considerando a crescente demanda por fontes de energias renováveis como as usinas hidrelétricas. Por este motivo, cresce a necessidade de estudos sobre turbinas hidráulicas, por meio de inovações tecnológicas, que proporcionem a melhoria do rendimento das mesmas. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo aplicar modificações nas turbinas por meio de técnicas de projeto, como o biomimetismo, nas pás dos rotores de turbinas do tipo Bulbo e comparar o comportamento do escoamento sobre as pás e o rendimento dessas turbinas com aquelas projetadas sem a aplicação do biomimetismo. Para atingir esse objetivo a modelagem da turbulência se dá através da metodologia URANS (unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes) e o modelo de turbulência escolhido foi o k-ε, por ser ideal em escoamentos turbulentos, demandar um menor tempo de simulação computacional e apresentar maior semelhança com dados experimentais. Como resultado, observa-se que as mudanças realizadas na geometria das pás das turbinas, baseadas nos conceitos e técnicas de biomimetismo, proporcionaram aumento de desempenho nas turbinas bulbo, evidenciando-se assim a capacidade do biomimetismo de proporcionar melhorias em projetos de turbinas hidráulicas, que ainda é pouco difundida e estudada. Para a realização desse trabalho, usa-se o software comercial SolidWorks® para a criação da geometria e o ANSYS Student® (versão 19.1) para a análise do escoamento utilizando a dinâmica de fluidos computacional (CFD). The search for studies aimed at improving engineering projects related to hydraulic turbines becomes increasingly essential considering the increasing demand for renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric plants. For this reason, the need is growing for studies about hydraulic turbines, by means of technological innovations, that provide the improvement in these turbines. The objective of this work is to apply modifications in turbines by means of design techniques, such as biomimicry, on the rotor blades of the Bulb type turbine, and to compare the flow behavior on the blades and the performance of these turbines with those projected without the application of the biomimetism. To accomplish this objective, turbulence modeling was performed using the URANS (Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) methodology and the turbulence model chosen was k-ε, because it is ideal in turbulent flows, requires a shorter computational simulation time and presents greater similarity with experimental data. As a result, changes in turbine blade geometry, based on biomimetic concepts and techniques, have resulted in significant performance gains in bulb turbines, thus demonstrating the ability of biomimetric to provide improvements in hydraulic turbine designs , which is still less widespread and studied. The commercial SolidWorks® software was used for the creation of geometry and the ANSYS Student® (version 19.1) for flow analysis using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

Aegla okora Páez & Teixeira n. sp. (Figs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,) Type-material. Holotype: Male (CLE 21.3 mm), Brazil, Paraná, Pinhão, Iguaçu River basin, Tapera River, 25°41’39.51”S, 51°40’13.23”W, G.M. Teixeira, F.P. Paez and R.A. Gregati coll., February 2018 (MZUEL 250). Paratypes: 10 males (CLE 10.4 ¯23.0 mm) and 10 females (CLE 13.0¯18.0 mm), same data as holotype (MZUEL 251, genetic voucher: Bold Systems access AEGBR001-18, AEGBR002-18, AEGBR003-18, AEGBR004-18). Type-locality. Tapera River, city of Pinhão, Paraná, Brazil. Geographical distribution. Known only from the type-locality, despite searching in five nearby streams within a radius of the 32 km. Diagnosis. Triangular rostrum with narrow base. Subrostral process developed, anteriorly oriented at a 45° with the rostrum. Epigastric prominences and protogastric lobes pronounced, with scales and small setae. Anterolateral spine reaching basal margin of cornea. Branchial region swollen. Areola trapezoidal. Cardiac area trapezoidal. Proximal dorsal margin of movable finger of cheliped without lobe. Palmar crest of major cheliped rectangular. Anterolateral angle of second abdominal epimeron unarmed, with setae. Ventromesial border of ischium of the cheliped ornate with three tubercles, one proximal, one median and one distal. Uropodal (endopods) wide. Description of male holotype. Carapace convex, branchial region swollen. Rostrum triangular, base narrow (RBW/LMR = 0.87), extending beyond distal apex of compound eyes, with scales on lateral margins. Rostral carina beginning at level of protogastric lobes, with two parallel rows of scales becoming one row on distal third near apex (Fig. 2A, 3, 4A). Subrostral process developed forming angle of 45° (Fig. 4B). Eyestalk and cornea well developed. Orbital and extra-orbital sinuses deep. Orbital sinus with scales. Orbital spines developed, rounded. Anterolateral spines with corneous scales on lateral margin of carapace, reaching basal margin of cornea (Fig. 4A). Epigastric prominences pronounced, with scales and short setae. Protogastric lobes pronounced, with scales. Gastric area prominently inflated in relation to hepatic lobe and rostrum in lateral view. Demarcation between hepatic lobes well defined. Lateral margins of first hepatic lobe with corneous scale, second and third hepatic lobes with sparse scales. Cervical groove U-shaped (Fig. 4C). Transverse dorsal linea slightly sinuous throughout its extension, sinuosity more pronounced in mesial section. Areola trapezoidal (APM/AAD = 2.5). Cardiac area trapezoidal (TDL/PMC = 1.53) (Fig. 4C). Epibranchial area with spine or well developed scales on apex. Lateral margin of anterior branchial area with distal spine, setae and scales, posterior area with setae and scales. Anteromesial region of third thoracic sternite abrupt, with scattered setae on surface. Fourth thoracic sternite elevated in median region with setae, anterolateral angles well developed with spines (Fig. 2B, 4D). Chelipeds unequal in size (Figs 2A, 3). Major cheliped (left) (Fig. 5A). Dactylus: dorsal margin and outer surface granulate and ornamented with short scales. Pre-dactylar lobe absent. Proximal lobe on dorsal margin absent. Cutting margin with lobular basal tooth well developed proximally, with flattened corneous scales, followed by row of wide corneous scales up to distal end. Propodus: outer surface granulate. Palmar crest rectangular with outer surface excavated, margin with scales. Cutting margin of fixed finger with flattened corneous scales over its entire surface, with lobular basal tooth well developed proximally and acuminate corneous scale on distal end. Scattered tufts of long setae over inner surface, and alongside inner and outer surfaces next to cutting margin. Scattered scales and scales clustered into groups of 2 or 3 on inner surface. Carpus: dorsal margin with two tubercles proximally, two median spines with terminal corneous scale, one tubercle, internally displaced from the margin, distally, with terminal corneous scale, and sub-terminal lobe well defined, pointed, with corneous scales and setae apically. Inner surface with three tubercles with terminal corneous scale and setae. Outer surface with carpal ridge elevated along entire length, with scales clustered into groups of 3 – 5. Merus: dorsal margin with one tubercle. Dorsolateral edge with row of corneous scales and tubercles with corneous scales on distal third. Ventromesial edge with five tubercles decreasing in size proximally. Ventrolateral border with two tubercles distally, followed by row of scales clustered into groups of 2 – 3. Ischium: dorsolateral edge with distal spine with terminal corneous scale. Ventromesial border ornamented with one proximal tubercle, one median tubercle and one distal tubercle with one terminal corneous scale each (Fig. 2C, 6A). Minor chelipeds (right) similar to major chelipeds except as noted hereafter (Fig. 2D, 5B, 6B): Propodus: palmar crest rectangular to subdisciform. Merus: ventromesial edge with four tubercles decreasing in size proximally. Second, third and fourth pereiopods morphologically similar; general surface of dactylus, propodus and carpus with longitudinal lines of short setae and scales; dorsal margin of merus and ischium with long tufts setae; ventral margin of ischium with tufts of setae. Pleopods 2–5 absent. Anterolateral angle of second abdominal epimeron unarmed, with small setae (Fig. 2E, 6C). Anterior margin of second abdominal epimeron slightly concave. Uropods wide (WU/HWT = 1.18). Telson divided by longitudinal suture (Fig. 6D). Variations. Anterolateral angle of the carapace projected with a conical spine, protruding anteriorly, may just reach basal margin of the cornea. Of the 20 paratypes analyzed, the spine in 13 individuals is longer, extending beyond the basal margin of the cornea. The shape of the cardiac area may vary in some specimens, being trapezoidal (n = 15) or subrectangular (n = 5). The third thoracic sternite may vary from abrupt (n = 13) to tapered (n = 7). Uropods may vary between narrow (n = 9) and wide (n = 11). Biology. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet “okora”, from the indigenous Kaingang language “ȍkor” means “pine cone seed in the water”, refers Pinhão City where the type-locality is located. It is a noun in apposition. Molecular data. A total of 511 bp of COI were analyzed. No insertions, deletions or stop-codons were detected, indicating that all amplified regions correspond to a functional portion of the COI gene. The genetic distance between Aegla okora n. sp. and the other species included in the analysis ranged from 0.017 to 0.041 (Tab. 2). Aegla parana e A. schmitti presented the smallest genetic distance from A. okora n. sp., with a value of 0.017 for both. On the other hand, A. meloi was most divergent from A. okora n. sp., with a value of 0.041. The intra-populational distance ranged from 0.000 in A. parva to 0.002 in A. okora n. sp. However, A. parana and A. schmitti showed an intraspecific variation of up to 0.044 and 0.024, respectively (Tab. 2). The GMYC analysis suggests the presence of seven independent strains within the analyzed samples. All sequences of Aegla okora n. sp. were grouped in a single clade, indicating a single species. On the other hand, the disjunct distribution of the sequences of two species analyzed (A. parana and A. schmitti) suggests merophyletic clusters (Fig. 7).

Decapoda Latreille, 1802 Anomura H. Milne Edwards, 1832, Published as part of P��ez, Fernanda Polli, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Souza-Shibatta, Lenice, Gregati, Rafael Augusto, Sofia, Silvia Helena & Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro, 2018, A new species of Aegla Leach, 1820 (Crustacea, Anomura) from the Igua��u River basin, Brazil, pp. 335-346 in Zootaxa 4527 (3) on page 338, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4527.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2612284

Aegla okora P��ez & Teixeira n. sp. (Figs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,) Type-material. Holotype: Male (CLE 21.3 mm), Brazil, Paran��, Pinh��o, Igua��u River basin, Tapera River, 25��41���39.51���S, 51��40���13.23���W, G.M. Teixeira, F.P. Paez and R.A. Gregati coll., February 2018 (MZUEL 250). Paratypes: 10 males (CLE 10.4 ��23.0 mm) and 10 females (CLE 13.0��18.0 mm), same data as holotype (MZUEL 251, genetic voucher: Bold Systems access AEGBR001-18, AEGBR002-18, AEGBR003-18, AEGBR004-18). Type-locality. Tapera River, city of Pinh��o, Paran��, Brazil. Geographical distribution. Known only from the type-locality, despite searching in five nearby streams within a radius of the 32 km. Diagnosis. Triangular rostrum with narrow base. Subrostral process developed, anteriorly oriented at a 45�� with the rostrum. Epigastric prominences and protogastric lobes pronounced, with scales and small setae. Anterolateral spine reaching basal margin of cornea. Branchial region swollen. Areola trapezoidal. Cardiac area trapezoidal. Proximal dorsal margin of movable finger of cheliped without lobe. Palmar crest of major cheliped rectangular. Anterolateral angle of second abdominal epimeron unarmed, with setae. Ventromesial border of ischium of the cheliped ornate with three tubercles, one proximal, one median and one distal. Uropodal (endopods) wide. Description of male holotype. Carapace convex, branchial region swollen. Rostrum triangular, base narrow (RBW/LMR = 0.87), extending beyond distal apex of compound eyes, with scales on lateral margins. Rostral carina beginning at level of protogastric lobes, with two parallel rows of scales becoming one row on distal third near apex (Fig. 2A, 3, 4A). Subrostral process developed forming angle of 45�� (Fig. 4B). Eyestalk and cornea well developed. Orbital and extra-orbital sinuses deep. Orbital sinus with scales. Orbital spines developed, rounded. Anterolateral spines with corneous scales on lateral margin of carapace, reaching basal margin of cornea (Fig. 4A). Epigastric prominences pronounced, with scales and short setae. Protogastric lobes pronounced, with scales. Gastric area prominently inflated in relation to hepatic lobe and rostrum in lateral view. Demarcation between hepatic lobes well defined. Lateral margins of first hepatic lobe with corneous scale, second and third hepatic lobes with sparse scales. Cervical groove U-shaped (Fig. 4C). Transverse dorsal linea slightly sinuous throughout its extension, sinuosity more pronounced in mesial section. Areola trapezoidal (APM/AAD = 2.5). Cardiac area trapezoidal (TDL/PMC = 1.53) (Fig. 4C). Epibranchial area with spine or well developed scales on apex. Lateral margin of anterior branchial area with distal spine, setae and scales, posterior area with setae and scales. Anteromesial region of third thoracic sternite abrupt, with scattered setae on surface. Fourth thoracic sternite elevated in median region with setae, anterolateral angles well developed with spines (Fig. 2B, 4D). Chelipeds unequal in size (Figs 2A, 3). Major cheliped (left) (Fig. 5A). Dactylus: dorsal margin and outer surface granulate and ornamented with short scales. Pre-dactylar lobe absent. Proximal lobe on dorsal margin absent. Cutting margin with lobular basal tooth well developed proximally, with flattened corneous scales, followed by row of wide corneous scales up to distal end. Propodus: outer surface granulate. Palmar crest rectangular with outer surface excavated, margin with scales. Cutting margin of fixed finger with flattened corneous scales over its entire surface, with lobular basal tooth well developed proximally and acuminate corneous scale on distal end. Scattered tufts of long setae over inner surface, and alongside inner and outer surfaces next to cutting margin. Scattered scales and scales clustered into groups of 2 or 3 on inner surface. Carpus: dorsal margin with two tubercles proximally, two median spines with terminal corneous scale, one tubercle, internally displaced from the margin, distally, with terminal corneous scale, and sub-terminal lobe well defined, pointed, with corneous scales and setae apically. Inner surface with three tubercles with terminal corneous scale and setae. Outer surface with carpal ridge elevated along entire length, with scales clustered into groups of 3 ��� 5. Merus: dorsal margin with one tubercle. Dorsolateral edge with row of corneous scales and tubercles with corneous scales on distal third. Ventromesial edge with five tubercles decreasing in size proximally. Ventrolateral border with two tubercles distally, followed by row of scales clustered into groups of 2 ��� 3. Ischium: dorsolateral edge with distal spine with terminal corneous scale. Ventromesial border ornamented with one proximal tubercle, one median tubercle and one distal tubercle with one terminal corneous scale each (Fig. 2C, 6A). Minor chelipeds (right) similar to major chelipeds except as noted hereafter (Fig. 2D, 5B, 6B): Propodus: palmar crest rectangular to subdisciform. Merus: ventromesial edge with four tubercles decreasing in size proximally. Second, third and fourth pereiopods morphologically similar; general surface of dactylus, propodus and carpus with longitudinal lines of short setae and scales; dorsal margin of merus and ischium with long tufts setae; ventral margin of ischium with tufts of setae. Pleopods 2���5 absent. Anterolateral angle of second abdominal epimeron unarmed, with small setae (Fig. 2E, 6C). Anterior margin of second abdominal epimeron slightly concave. Uropods wide (WU/HWT = 1.18). Telson divided by longitudinal suture (Fig. 6D). Variations. Anterolateral angle of the carapace projected with a conical spine, protruding anteriorly, may just reach basal margin of the cornea. Of the 20 paratypes analyzed, the spine in 13 individuals is longer, extending beyond the basal margin of the cornea. The shape of the cardiac area may vary in some specimens, being trapezoidal (n = 15) or subrectangular (n = 5). The third thoracic sternite may vary from abrupt (n = 13) to tapered (n = 7). Uropods may vary between narrow (n = 9) and wide (n = 11). Biology. Unknown. Etymology. The specific epithet ���okora���, from the indigenous Kaingang language �����kor��� means ���pine cone seed in the water���, refers Pinh��o City where the type-locality is located. It is a noun in apposition. Molecular data. A total of 511 bp of COI were analyzed. No insertions, deletions or stop-codons were detected, indicating that all amplified regions correspond to a functional portion of the COI gene. The genetic distance between Aegla okora n. sp. and the other species included in the analysis ranged from 0.017 to 0.041 (Tab. 2). Aegla parana e A. schmitti presented the smallest genetic distance from A. okora n. sp., with a value of 0.017 for both. On the other hand, A. meloi was most divergent from A. okora n. sp., with a value of 0.041. The intra-populational distance ranged from 0.000 in A. parva to 0.002 in A. okora n. sp. However, A. parana and A. schmitti showed an intraspecific variation of up to 0.044 and 0.024, respectively (Tab. 2). The GMYC analysis suggests the presence of seven independent strains within the analyzed samples. All sequences of Aegla okora n. sp. were grouped in a single clade, indicating a single species. On the other hand, the disjunct distribution of the sequences of two species analyzed (A. parana and A. schmitti) suggests merophyletic clusters (Fig. 7)., Published as part of P��ez, Fernanda Polli, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Souza-Shibatta, Lenice, Gregati, Rafael Augusto, Sofia, Silvia Helena & Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro, 2018, A new species of Aegla Leach, 1820 (Crustacea, Anomura) from the Igua��u River basin, Brazil, pp. 335-346 in Zootaxa 4527 (3) on pages 338-342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4527.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2612284

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:52:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-09-29 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The main definition for meat quality should include factors that affect consumer appreciation of the product. Physical laboratory analyses are necessary to identify factors that affect meat quality and specific equipment is used for this purpose, which is expensive and destructive, and the analyses are usually time consuming. An alternative method to performing several beef analyses is near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), which permits to reduce costs and to obtain faster, simpler, and nondestructive measurements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of NIRS to predict shear force [Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF)], marbling, and color (*a = redness; b* = yellowness; and L* = lightness) in meat samples of uncastrated male Nelore cattle, that were approximately 2-yr-old. Samples of longissimus thoracis (n = 644) were collected and spectra were obtained prior to meat quality analysis. Multivariate calibration was performed by partial least squares regression. Several preprocessing techniques were evaluated alone and in combination: raw data, reduction of spectral range, multiplicative scatter correction, and 1st derivative. Accuracies of the calibration models were evaluated using the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), coefficient of determination in the calibration (R2C), and prediction (R2P) groups. Among the different preprocessing techniques, the reduction of spectral range provided the best prediction accuracy for all traits. The NIRS showed a better performance to predict WBSF (RMSEP = 1.42 kg, R2P = 0.40) and b* color (RMSEP = 1.21, R2P = 0.44), while its ability to accurately predict L* (RMSEP = 1.98, R2P = 0.16) and a* (RMSEP = 1.42, R2P = 0.17) was limited. NIRS was unsuitable to predict subjective meat quality traits such as marbling in Nelore cattle. Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp) Institute of Chemistry Biological Chemistry and Chemometric Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of Central Lancashire Department of Animal Nutrition and Improvement College of Veterinary and Animal Science São Paulo State University (Unesp) Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp) Department of Animal Nutrition and Improvement College of Veterinary and Animal Science São Paulo State University (Unesp)

Stratiodrilus haswelli Harrison, 1928 Type-locality: Unknown, not provided in the original description. Host and locality records: Astacoides madagascariensis (Milne Edwards & Audouin) (locality not provided) (Harrison 1928). Distribution: Madagascar., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638, {"references":["Harrison, L. (1928) On the genus Stratiodrilus (Archiannelida: Histriobdellidae), with a description of a new species from Madagascar. Records of the Australian Museum, 16, 116 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.16.1928.783"]}

Stratiodrilus vilae Amato, 2001 Type-locality: Municipality of Taquara, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Host and locality records: Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens) ���Tributary of the Mineiro creek, Taquara (RS) (Amato 2001); unidentified creek of Mariana Pimentel (RS) (Amato 2001). Parastacus defossus Faxon��� Swampy area in Mariana Pimentel (RS) (Amato 2001). Distribution: Brazil., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 419, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638, {"references":["Amato, J. F. R. (2001) A new species of Stratiodrilus (Polychaeta, Histriobdellidae) from freshwater crayfishes of southern Brazil. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 90, 37 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0073 - 47212001000100004"]}

Stratiodrilus circensis Steiner & Amaral, 1999 Type-locality: Piraquara River, Municipality of Piraquara, State of Paraná, Brazil. Host and locality records: Aegla abtao Schmitt—Toltén River (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Aegla bahamondei Jara—Toltén River (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Aegla castro Schmitt—Couro stream, Tibagi River Basin (PR) (Present study). Aegla laevis (Latreille) —Riñihue Lake (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999); Negro River and lakes in Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapí (ARG) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Aegla lata Bond-Buckup & Buckup—Bule stream, a tributary of the Apertados River, Tibagi River Basin (PR) (Present study). Aegla leptodactyla Buckup & Rossi—Divisa River, a tributary of the Pelotas River, municipality of São José dos Ausentes (RS) (Daudt & Amato 2007). Aegla neuquensis neuquensis (Schmitt) — Chico River (TUC) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Aegla parana Schmitt—Pinhão River, Iguaçu River Basin (PR) (Present study). Aegla schmitti Hobbs III—Carvalho River, a tributary of Piraquara River, Parque Nacional Guaricana (PR) (Daudt & Amato 2007). Aegla sp.—Riñihue Lake (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Aegla sp.— Piraquara River (PR) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Aegla sp.—Lageadão river, Ivaí river Basin (PR) (Present study). Unspecified species of Aeglidae and Parastacidae—from Petorca to Chiloé (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.

Stratiodrilus arreliai Amaral & Morgado, 1997 Type-locality: Peroba Cave, Municipality of S��o Pedro, State of S��o Paulo, Brazil. Host and locality records: Aegla perobae Hebling & Rodrigues���Peroba Cave, municipality of S��o Pedro (SP) (Amaral & Morgado 1997). Aegla sp.���Creeks near Jaragu�� Peak, municipality of S��o Paulo (SP) (Amaral & Morgado 1997). Distribution: Brazil., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638, {"references":["Amaral, A. C. Z. & Morgado, E. H. (1997) Stratiodrilus (Annelida: Polychaeta: Histriobdellidae) associated with a freshwater decapod, with the description of a new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 110, 471 - 475."]}

Stratiodrilus platensis Cordero, 1927 Type-locality: Probably Sol��s Chico and Miguelete streams, Departamento de Canelones, Uruguay. Host and locality records: Aegla laevis (Latreille) ���Sol��s Chico and Miguelete streams (CNL) (Cordero 1927). Samastacus spinifrons (Philippi) ���Chile (locality not provided) (Rudolph 2002). Aegla sp.���Lakes of Parque Nacional Nahuel Huap�� (ARG) (Dioni 1972). Parastacus sp.���Lakes of Parque Nacional Nahuel Huap�� (ARG) (Dioni 1972). Trichodactylus sp.���Creeks near Canan��ia (SP), Southeast Brazil (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638, {"references":["Cordero, B. H. (1927) Un nuevo arquianelido, Stratiodrilus platensis sp. n. que habita sobre Aegla laevis laevis (Latreille). Physis, 7, 574 - 578.","Dioni, W. (1972) Didymorchis, Temnocephala (Platyhelmintha) y Stratiodrilus (Annelida) vermes epizoicos sobre Aegla y Parastacus (Crustacea: Decapoda) de Lagos Andino Patagonicos. Notas taxonomicas e biogeograficas. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 29, 167 - 179."]}

Stratiodrilus pugnaxi Vila & Bahamonde, 1985 Type-locality: Reumén, Valdivia, Chile. Host and locality records: Parastacus pugnax (Poeppig) —Reumén (VAL) (Vila & Bahamonde 1985). Parastacus sp.—Andalién River, Chaimávida (CON) (Moyano et al. 1993). Unspecified species of Aeglidae and Parastacidae—from Petorca to Chiloé (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Distribution: Chile.

Stratiodrilus robustus Steiner & Amaral, 1999 Type-locality: Ribeira Valley, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Host and locality records: Trichodactylus sp.—Streams near Ribeira Valley (SP) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Distribution: Brazil.

Stratiodrilus tasmanicus Haswell, 1900 Type-locality: Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Host and locality records: Astacopsis franklinii (Grey) ���Hobart (TAS) (Haswell 1900). Astacopsis franklinii var. tasmanicus Erickson���Hobart (TAS) (Haswell 1900). Distribution: Australia., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638, {"references":["Haswell, W. A. (1900) On a new Histriobdellid. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 43, 299 - 335."]}

Stratiodrilus novaehollandiae Haswell, 1913 Type-locality: Probably Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia. Host and locality records: Astacopsis serratus (Shaw) ���Blue Mountains (NSW); Murrumbidgee River, Murray River System (NSW) (Haswell 1913). Cherax dispar Riek���Gap Creek, Mount Coottha (QLD) (Cannon & Jennings 1987). Cherax punctatus Clark���Gap Creek, Mount Coottha (QLD) (Cannon & Jennings 1987). Distribution: Australia., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 418, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638, {"references":["Haswell, W. A. (1913) Notes on the Histriobdellidae. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 59, 197 - 230.","Cannon, L. R. G. & Jennings, J. B. (1987) Occurence and nutritional relationships of four ectosymbiotes of the freshwater crayfishes Cherax dispar Riek and Cherax punctatus Clark (Crustacea: Decapoda) in Queensland. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 38, 419 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 9870419"]}

Stratiodrilus aeglaphilus Vila & Bahamonde, 1985 Type-locality: Ma��po River, Talagante area, Central Chile, Chile. Host and locality records: Aegla laevis (Latreille) ���Ma��po River, Talagante area (CNC) (Vila & Bahamonde 1985); Aguas Claras stream (CNC) (Vila & Bahamonde 1985; Pardo et al. 2008). Aegla laevis laevis (Latreille) ��� Pe��aflor tributary, Ma��po River (CNC) (Vila & Bahamonde 1985). Aegla laevis talcahuano Schmitt������Estero��� Bellavista between Lirqu��n and Tom�� (CON) (Moyano et al. 1993). Unspecified species of Aeglidae and Parastacidae���from Petorca to Chilo�� (CHI) (Steiner & Amaral 1999). Distribution: Chile., Published as part of Rosa, Jheimison Junior Da Silva, Mar��al, Ingrid Costa, Teixeira, Gustavo Monteiro & Aguiar, Aline, 2018, Checklist of species of Stratiodrilus Haswell, 1900 (Annelida: Histriobdellidae), and new host records from Southern Brazil, pp. 412-422 in Zootaxa 4399 (3) on page 417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/1206638

O modo de transferência do metal de adição no processo de soldagem GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) tem um importante papel na estabilidade do arco elétrico, na quantidade de gases absorvida pelo metal fundido na poça de fusão, na determinação da possibilidade de aplicação em certas posições de soldagem e influencia no nível de respingos gerados. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em obter imagens da transferência do metal até a poça de fusão, para mapear as regiões de transferência e suas fronteiras. Além disso, sinais elétricos de corrente de soldagem e tensão de arco foram adquiridos e comparados com as imagens geradas para confirmar os resultados. As imagens de alta velocidade serviram para identificar os modos de transferência do metal. Neste trabalho, uma câmera de alta velocidade foi utilizada para obter imagens dos arcos elétricos gerados por arames-eletrodos ER70S-6 com três diferentes diâmetros (0,8 1,0 e 1,2 mm) no processo GMAW, empregando diferentes gases (Ar e CO2) e misturas gasosas (Ar + 10% CO2, Ar + 25% CO2, Ar + 2% O2) como gás de proteção. Os modos de transferência do metal puderam ser observados em taxas de 5000 e 8000 quadros por segundo. Os valores médios dos sinais elétricos dos parâmetros de soldagem adquiridos foram representados em gráficos, onde se verificaram regiões pertencentes a cada modo de transferência. Além dos modos de transferência por curtocircuito, globular e aerossol, foram detectados modos de transferência intermitentes do metal. Weld metal transfer modes in GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) process have an important role in electric arc stability, in the amount of absorbed gases by the melted metal, allow outof- position welding and influence in sparkles generation. The objective of the present work is to obtain images of the metal transfer to the weld pool, in order to better characterize the transfer modes boundaries. Besides, electric signals of welding current and voltage were acquired and compared with the generated images to confirm the results. High speed imaging helps to identify the weld metal transfer mode. In this work, a high speed camera was used to get images and movies of welding arcs generated by three different AWS ER70S-6 wire diameters (0,8 1,0 and 1,2 mm). Also, different shielding gases and mixtures were tested (Ar, Ar + 2% O2, Ar + 10% CO2, Ar + 25% CO2 and CO2). Metal transfer modes could be observed at a frame rates of 5000 and 8000 fps. Mean values of the welding parameters acquired electrical signals were plotted, where metal transfer regions were found, belonging for each transfer mode. Besides short-circuit, globular and spray transfer modes, interchangeable metal transfer modes were detected.