509 results on '"Technological society"'
Search Results
202. Chapter 6: Joseph Margolis on Technological Society
- Author
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Paul T. Durbin
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Political economy ,Economic history ,Technological society - Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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203. Nanotechnology: An Approach to Mimic Natural Architectures and Concepts
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Pierangelo Gröning
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,Natural (music) ,General Materials Science ,Nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,business ,Technological society - Abstract
With the invention of the Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM) in 1981 by G. Binnig and H. Rohrer, the gate to the nanoworld was pushed open. The prospect to control matter and units on molecular and atomic level, inspired many scientists to think about new technological approaches - nanotechnology in the sense of Richard Phillips Feynman became reality. Thus, nanotechnology is not only the next step of the miniaturisation following microtechnology - nanotechnology is an approach to investigate natural architectures and to mimic them for technological problems. In the present article we try to show that nanotechnology is an evolutionary process of our technological society with the potential to solve everyday problems with revolutionary concepts and devices.
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- 2005
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204. Network discourses: proliferation, critique and synthesis
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Robert J. Holton
- Subjects
Global business ,General Social Sciences ,Political machine ,Sociology ,Social science ,Legal culture ,Network society ,Technological society ,Law and economics - Abstract
Books reviewed in this article: R. Appelbaum, W. L. Felstiner, and V. Gessner (eds), Rules and networks: the legal culture of global business transactions D. Barney, The network society A. Barry, Political machines: governing a technological society G. Thompson, Between hierarchies and markets: the logic of network forms of organization
- Published
- 2005
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205. Enabling Factors Toward Production of Nanostructured Steel on an Industrial Scale
- Author
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D. J. Branagan
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Industrial scale ,Metallurgy ,Enabling Factors ,General Materials Science ,Nanotechnology ,Engineering design process ,Technological society - Abstract
Utilizing the existing properties of steel, a modern technological society has been constructed. While there are over 25,000 worldwide equivalent steels based on manipulating the eutectoid transformation, there exist only a handful of commercial nanostructured steel alloys based on manipulating the more complex glass devitrification transformation. Thus, research on nanostructured steels is in its infancy, and many further developments are expected with the demonstrated promise of developing new combinations of superior properties. In this article, seven enabling metallurgical factors are presented that ultimately allow a variety of nanostructured steel products to be produced in an ever-increasing array of industrial processing techniques. Additionally, a case example of the formation of nanostructured steel are given showing how these factors can be harnessed on an industrial scale.
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- 2005
- Full Text
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206. (Re)Constructing Technological Society by Taking Social Construction Even More Seriously1
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E.J. Woodhouse
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Philosophy ,Scholarship ,Coping (psychology) ,Social processes ,General Social Sciences ,Environmental ethics ,Sociology ,Technoscience ,Social constructionism ,Technological society ,Reconstructivism ,Epistemology - Abstract
After recognizing that technologies are socially constructed, questions arise concerning how technologies should be constructed, by what processes, and granting how much influence to whom. Because partisanship, uncertainty, and disagreement are inevitable in trying to answer these questions, reconstructivist scholarship should embrace the desirability of thoughtful partisanship, should focus on strategies for coping intelligently with uncertainties, and should make central the study of social processes for coping with disagreement regarding technoscience and its utilization. That often will entail siding with have‐nots, meaning that reconstructivist scholars often will be opposing the behaviors of government, business, and technoscientific elites. Because reconstructivists normally will be outnumbered, we need to devote more systematic professional attention to setting our collective agenda concerning what is most worth researching
- Published
- 2005
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207. New Media, New Era
- Author
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John Paul Russo
- Subjects
business.industry ,05 social sciences ,General Engineering ,050301 education ,Information technology ,050905 science studies ,New media ,Technological society ,Dominance (economics) ,Technological advance ,Sociology ,0509 other social sciences ,Computer-mediated communication ,Social science ,business ,0503 education ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Classics - Abstract
This article explores the impact of the new communications technologies on the generation born in the 1980s, the first to grow up under the dominance of the computer. It considers some of the parameters for discussing the close of one era and the beginning of another and draws on the writings of major civilizationist historians and futurologists, including Jacques Ellul, Samuel Huntington, and Romano Guardini.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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208. Reading Jacques Ellul’s The Technological Bluff in Context
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Wha-Chul Son
- Subjects
Dialectic ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,General Engineering ,050301 education ,Context (language use) ,050905 science studies ,Constructive ,Technological society ,Epistemology ,Bluff ,Reading (process) ,Sociology ,0509 other social sciences ,Social science ,Function (engineering) ,0503 education ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Exposition (narrative) ,media_common - Abstract
This article is a critical review of The Technological Bluff , the last book on technology by Jacques Ellul. Although this work has attracted little attention, the concept oftechno-logical bluff1 provides a new perspective to understand contemporary technological society. After presenting Ellul’s exposition of the concept of techno-logical bluff, its original contribution to technology studies is emphasized. It is also examined how the analysis of techno-logical bluff is connected with other major Ellulian notions such as autonomous technique and the efficiency principle. This is followed by a suggestion that the analysis of techno-logical bluff could function as a basis for a constructive dialectic relationship between classical and more recent discourses on technology. The last section is devoted to the Ellulian solution for the technological society suggested in this work, namely, the paradox of nonfreedom.
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- 2004
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209. ELEMENTAL CYCLES: A Status Report on Human or Natural Dominance
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Robert J. Klee and Thomas E. Graedel
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Biogeochemical cycle ,Natural processes ,Ecology ,Periodic table ,law ,Earth science ,Environmental science ,Dominance (ecology) ,Industrial ecology ,Status report ,Technological society ,General Environmental Science ,law.invention - Abstract
▪ Abstract The modern technological society mobilizes and uses a very large number of materials. These substances are derived from rocks, sediments, and other natural repositories, and most undergo transformation prior to use. A large fraction of the materials is eventually returned to the environment. Natural processes do the same but not necessarily with the same suite of materials. For purposes of better understanding industrial development and potential environmental impact, it is important to know, even approximately, the elemental cycles of all materials potentially useful for modern technology. In this review, we examine and summarize cycle information for 77 of the first 92 elements in the periodic table. Mobilization calculations demonstrate that human activities likely dominate or strongly perturb the cycles of most of the elements other than the alkalis, alkali earths, and halogens. We propose that this pattern is ultimately related to the aqueous solubilities of the predominant chemical forms of the elements as they occur in nature: Human action dominates the cycles of the elements whose usual forms are highly insoluble, nature those that are highly soluble. Examples of the utility of anthropogenically dominated cycle determinations for resource supply analyses, environmental impact assessment, and public policy are presented and discussed. If the rapid rise in the use of materials by the technological society in the twentieth century continues into the next century, anthropogenic dominance of the cycling of a majority of the elements of the periodic table will only increase.
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- 2004
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210. Spatial relations and the materialities of political conflict: the construction of entangled political identities in the London and Newcastle Port Strikes of 1768
- Author
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David Featherstone
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Actor–network theory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political machine ,Gender studies ,Subaltern ,Social relation ,Technological society ,Negotiation ,Spatial relation ,Politics ,Political economy ,Sociology ,media_common - Abstract
This paper engages with the material geographies of political conflict. It applies the concerns of actor-network theory around the entangled character of material/social relations to the geographies of subaltern politics. It explores how interconnected strikes of riverside labourers and sailors in the London and Newcastle Port Strikes of 1768 contested the terms on which materials were enrolled into mercantile capitalist networks. The dynamic geographies of these strikes are used to unsettle constructions of subaltern spaces of politics as bounded and localised. The paper then demonstrates how labourers crafted multiple antagonisms through negotiating their location in materially heterogeneous networks. It uses this concern with contested material geographies to engage with the entangled construction of political identities. The paper concludes that interrogating the materialities of political conflict does not just add a neglected technical dimension to the study of political activity; it provides considerable resources for engaging with the inventiveness of subaltern political activity and agency [Barry, A., Political Machines: Governing A Technological Society, Continuum Publications, London, 2001].
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- 2004
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211. Civilised Bodies Redux: Seams in the Cyborg
- Author
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Peter Freund
- Subjects
Medical sociology ,Health (social science) ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social organisation ,Redux ,Technological society ,Aesthetics ,Habitus ,Sociology ,Social science ,Function (engineering) ,Social control ,Social theory ,media_common - Abstract
This essay describes some limitations to the civilising process, more specifically, to developing and maintaining a ‘technological habitus.’ After a brief review of Freud, Elias and Foucault, theoretical issues of tensions between mind–body and society are further developed. This is followed by an analysis of the habitus required to function in technological environments and tensions between mind–body and the social organisation of a particular technology – the car. The conclusion locates mind-bodies and health in contemporary macro-social temporal contexts.
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- 2004
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212. Annoncer le diagnostic de maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob
- Author
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C. de Laguerie, M.P. Réthy, P. Krolak-Salmon, C. Hervé, G. Chazot, N. Kopp, and F. Chapuis
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Issues, ethics and legal aspects ,Health (social science) ,Health Policy ,Philosophy ,Humanities ,Technological society - Abstract
Resume La maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob (MCJ) est paradigmatique. La MCJ, en effet, de meme que d’autres Encephalopathies Subaigues Spongiformes Transmissibles humaines et animales, suscite depuis les annees 60 et tout particulierement depuis le debut des annees 90, des travaux revolutionnaires dans de nombreux secteurs de la biologie. La MCJ est une maladie au stade d’ « exception » et non encore au stade de « normalisation ». Son diagnostic est devenu de plus en plus efficace. Mais l’annonce de ce diagnostic demeure tres difficile : maladie particulierement dramatique et penible pour le malade et ses proches, enjeux scientifiques et de sante publique, implications mediatiques, judiciaires, voire politiques. La MCJ peut etre un « moteur ethique ». Elle conduit, dans le cadre de la prise en charge et notamment dans le cadre de l’annonce du diagnostic, a proposer une organisation, une coordination applicable a d’autres maladies subaigues et fatales, en particulier dans le domaine de la neurologie.
- Published
- 2004
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213. [Untitled]
- Author
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Salman Ilyian, Zehava Toren, Muhamad Hugerat, and Fawzi Anabosi
- Subjects
Technology education ,Engineering ,Architectural engineering ,business.industry ,Energy (esotericism) ,General Engineering ,Air pollution ,Educational technology ,Solar energy ,medicine.disease_cause ,Science education ,Technological society ,Education ,Environmental education ,Mathematics education ,medicine ,business - Abstract
Energy use in a human community increases to a great extent where these are of a natural population increase. On another hand, technology advances very fast and fuel has an important role in the technological society. Air pollution during burning fuel to create energy forces the human community to look for a new source of energy. The new source must not be finite and must not make air pollution. This source is solar energy. In this educational initiative a model of a solar village, which uses only solar energy, is built. This project turns the school into an agreeable place and makes pupils like to come to it.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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214. Errors in technological systems
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R.B. Duffey and J.W. Saull
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Operations research ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Human error ,Liability ,Word error rate ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Failure rate ,Fatal accident ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Technological society ,Blame ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Learning curve ,media_common - Abstract
Massive data and experience exist on the rates and causes of errors and accidents in modern industrial and technological society. We have examined the available human record, and have shown the existence of learning curves, and that there is an attainable and discernible minimum or asymptotic lower bound for error rates. The major common contributor is human error, including in the operation, design, manufacturing, procedures, training, maintenance, management, and safety methodologies adopted for technological systems. To analyze error and accident rates in many diverse industries and activities, we used a combined empirical and theoretical approach. We examine the national and international reported error, incident and fatal accident rates for multiple modern technologies, including shipping losses, industrial injuries, automobile fatalities, aircraft events and fatal crashes, chemical industry accidents, train derailments and accidents, medical errors, nuclear events, and mining accidents. We selected national and worldwide data sets for time spans of up to ∼200 years, covering many millions of errors in diverse technologies. We developed and adopted a new approach using the accumulated experience; thus, we show that all the data follow universal learning curves. The vast amounts of data collected and analyzed exhibit trends consistent with the existence of a minimum error rate, and follow failure rate theory. There are potential and key practical impacts for the management of technological systems, the regulatory practices for complex technological processes, the assignment of liability and blame, the assessment of risk, and for the reporting and prediction of errors and accident rates. The results are of fundamental importance to society as we adopt, manage, and use modern technology. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 279–291, 2003.
- Published
- 2003
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215. Preservice Teachers and Cognitive Literacy Skills
- Author
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Joyce Pittman
- Subjects
Literacy skill ,Restructuring ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cognition ,Raising (linguistics) ,Technological society ,Literacy ,Computer Science Applications ,Education ,Subject matter ,Pedagogy ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Mathematics education ,Sociology ,Technical skills ,media_common - Abstract
Technology in education is raising unprecedented levels of new concerns for educators. Perhaps one of the greatest challenges is building college students’ advanced literacy and technical skills, especially those of preservice teachers. In dealing with technology issues, educators and policy makers are faced with problematic decisions about how to attract, sustain, and prepare students for careers and living in an increasingly technological society (Prager, 1993). Educators need direction for retooling to restructure instructional approaches to help entering students develop knowledge and skills they need to succeed in this ever-changing environment (Lieberman & Linn, 1991). Though educators embrace the emphasis on high-quality education, they may have justifiable concerns about teaching new and more challenging subject matter to students who need to develop advanced literacy skills to improve achievement (Palumbo & Reed, 1991).
- Published
- 2002
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216. Introduction to a New Journal: Applied System Innovation
- Author
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Mo Li, Teen-Hang Meen, Tsuyoshi Yamamoto, and Shoou-Jinn Chang
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Engineering ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,business.industry ,Applied Mathematics ,System innovation ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Technological society ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Work (electrical) ,Artificial Intelligence ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Engineering ethics ,business ,Information Systems - Abstract
In the modern technological society, engineers and designers must work together with a variety of other professions in their quest to find systematic solutions to complex problems.[...]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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217. Humanismo educativo en la sociedad del conocimiento
- Author
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Carlos Luis Chanto Espinoza and Marlene Durán López
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TIC ,Contextualization ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,sociedad de conocimiento ,Public sector ,Information technology ,General Medicine ,Humanism ,educación humanista ,lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,Technological society ,Traditional education ,Epistemology ,sociedad de información ,Consolidation (business) ,lcsh:AZ20-999 ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Sociology ,Ideology ,Social science ,business ,media_common - Abstract
El paradigma humanista en la educación refleja el interés del ser humano por superar vacíos que la educación tradicional u otras ideologías han dejado en el ser. Por ello, el reconocimiento del potencial y las cualidades individuales representan una necesidad que debe ser abarcada y acatada por el sector educativo, con miras a brindar un mejor apoyo a la formación y consolidación pedagógica en nuestras sociedades. La contextualización de nuestra realidad educativa propone cambios de pensamiento y metodología ante las necesidades de la población estudiantil. Ante este panorama se dejan ver y escuchar movimientos encaminados a preparar y enfrentar al estudiante al contexto, lo cual representa un reto en la nueva sociedad de conocimiento, que requiere acciones concretas desde las aulas para la formación humana e integral. The humanist paradigm in education reflects the interest of human beings to overcome the gaps that traditional education or other ideologies have left in them. That is why, the recognition of the potential and of individual qualities represents a need that has to be fulfilled and observed by the public sector in order to offer better support to the development and pedagogic consolidation of our society. The contextualization of our educational reality proposes changes of thought and methodology according to the needs of the students. In view of this scenario, it is easy to see and to hear about movements aimed at preparing the students and making them face the context in which they get involved, which represents a challenge in the new society of knowledge that requires concrete actions in the classroom for the benefit of human and integral growth.
- Published
- 2014
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218. Identification of personal care, prescription, and other emerging contaminants in Lake Erie beach waters and an evaluation of their effects on aquatic life (779.6)
- Author
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Amy Parente
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Personal care ,Health consequences ,Ecology ,Aquatic ecosystem ,Contamination ,Biochemistry ,Technological society ,Environmental protection ,Genetics ,Environmental science ,Identification (biology) ,Human safety ,Risk assessment ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Chemicals used extensively and intensively in our technological society are currently predicted to have surpassed the 100,000 mark in numbers and depending on their properties, modes, and quantity of use, a large number of these chemicals can reach the environment and have unpredictable but potentially harmful environmental and health impacts. Accurate methods of monitoring the levels of these chemicals, an understanding of their potential to damage natural inhabitants to these waters, and the ability to properly develop a risk assessment strategy are all critical pieces to the maintenance of a healthy aquatic ecosystem that does not pose a threat to human safety. Current research has identified several emerging contaminants in Lake Erie beach waters of Presque Isle State Park, including fluoxetine, triclosan, estradiol, and diuron, as well as the artificial sweetener sucralose. All of these chemicals have been shown to have negative health consequences in organisms from bacteria to humans. For most of th...
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- 2014
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219. Teacher and new technologies in the perspective of Discourse Analysis: (dis)encounters in the classroom
- Author
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Nadia Pereira da Silva Gonçalves de Azevedo, Francisco Madeiro Bernardino Júnior, and Elaine Pereira Daróz
- Subjects
Discourse Analysis ,Sociedade tecnológica ,Emerging technologies ,Discourse analysis ,Professor ,Teacher ,Perspective (graphical) ,Análise do Discurso ,Pedagogy ,Technological society ,Sociedad tecnológica ,Psychology ,Análisis del Discurso ,Profesor - Abstract
A compreensão e a utilização das tecnologias de informação e comunicação tornaram-se uma exigência na sociedade. A Educação não se priva à interpelação e, nesse sentido, tem-se mobilizado. Na rede pública de ensino, a informatização das escolas, a distribuição de notebooks aos professores e de tablets aos alunos são exemplos da interpelação do poder público às novas tecnologias na prática docente. Todavia, uma questão, dentre outras, se apresenta: qual a posição do professor nesse cenário tecnológico? O presente artigo visa a analisar o discurso pedagógico sobre a docência de língua inglesa na era digital. As formulações teóricas da escola de Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, fundada por Michel Pêcheux, constituem o aporte teórico deste trabalho, na compreensão de um sujeito sócio-histórico-ideológico. Partindo da consideração de que o discurso é heterogêneo, buscamos a compreensão da posição-sujeito professor de língua inglesa nesse cenário de constante transformação. The understanding and use of information and communication technologies have become a requirement in today's society. Education hasn't ignored this and, accordingly, has mobilized itself. In educational institutions the computerization of schools, distribution of laptops to teachers and tablets to students are examples of such an understanding by the government of the significance of new technologies in the teaching practice. However, a question among others arises: what is the position of the teacher in that technological scenario? This article analyzes the pedagogical discourse about teaching in the digital age. The theoretical formulations of Discourse Analysis of the French line, founded by Michel Pêcheux, constitute the theoretical basis of this work, which takes into account a socio-historical-ideological subject. Having in mind that discourse is heterogeneous we intend to understand the subject position of the English teacher in such an ever changing scenario. La comprensión y utilización de tecnologías de información y comunicación se han convertido en exigencia en la sociedad. La educación no se priva la interpelación, y así se hay movilizado. En la red pública de enseñanza, la informatización de las escuelas, la distribución de notebooks para profesores y de tablets para alumnos son ejemplos de interpelación del poder público para las nuevas tecnologías en la práctica de enseñanza. Sin embargo, entre otras cuestiones se presenta: ¿cuál la posición del profesor en ese escenario tecnológico? Ese artículo objetiva analizar el discurso pedagógico a cerca de la enseñanza de lengua inglesa en la época digital. Formulaciones teóricas de la escuela de Análisis del Discurso de línea francesa, fundada por Michel Pêcheux, constituyen el aporte teórico de ese trabajo en la comprensión de un sujeto socio-histórico-ideológico. Partiendo de la consideración de que el discurso es heterogéneo, buscamos la comprensión de la posición-sujeto profesor de lengua inglesa en ese escenario de constante transformación.
- Published
- 2014
220. Privacy as Identity Territoriality: Re-Conceptualising Behaviour in Cyberspace
- Author
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Ciarán Mc Mahon and Mary Aiken
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Identity development ,Civil rights ,business.industry ,Political science ,Internet privacy ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY ,Identity (social science) ,Temporality ,Context (language use) ,Territoriality ,business ,Cyberspace ,Technological society - Abstract
Recent exposes of global surveillance have heightened already-heated debates about privacy in a technological society. In this paper, we explore the context and probable effects of this crisis, the character of privacy concerns, re-interpret what is meant by 'privacy', provide some solutions to the crisis. Fundamentally, we explore privacy not as a forensic or civil rights issue, but instead as a secondary psychological drive, the combination of two more profound drives – territoriality and identity. As such, the problem lies in the fact that cyberspace generally, is a wholly interconnected and networked environment which makes the demarcation of individual spaces problematic. However, by viewing privacy as identity territoriality, and by examining the psychology of those concepts, we can chart solutions to this crisis more easily. For example, we should interpret lower privacy concerns among youth as reflective of normal identity development processes in adolescence and young adulthood. Similarly, aspects of gender and temporality can be fruitfully incorporated to the discourse on privacy. On this basis, possible solutions and research directions are outlined to overcome the privacy crisis.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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221. REDLARA: greater role than that of a technological society
- Author
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Maria do Carmo Borges de Souza
- Subjects
Political science ,Political economy ,Technological society - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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222. A religião e os limites da técnica : aproximações e distanciamentos a partir do pensamento de Jürgen Habermas
- Author
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Perovano, Mauricio Fernandes, Cavalieri, Edebrande, Portugal, Agnaldo Cuoco, and Luchi, José Pedro
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Habermas, Jürgen, 1929 ,Solidariedade ,Filosofia e religião ,Filosofia - Técnica ,Technique ,Technological society ,Instrumental reason ,Solidarity - Abstract
Submitted by Elizabete Silva (elizabete.silva@ufes.br) on 2014-10-08T19:39:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao.texto.Mauricio.pdf: 699603 bytes, checksum: 0fa61a68ed126dccc3f14f7215865ce5 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Elizabete Silva (elizabete.silva@ufes.br) on 2014-11-18T18:37:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao.texto.Mauricio.pdf: 699603 bytes, checksum: 0fa61a68ed126dccc3f14f7215865ce5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-18T18:37:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao.texto.Mauricio.pdf: 699603 bytes, checksum: 0fa61a68ed126dccc3f14f7215865ce5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 Religião e técnica, ainda que em momentos e pesos distintos na arquitetônica do pensamento de Jürgen Habermas, acabam por se constituir como temas dialogais referenciais na obra de tal autor, a partir dos quais estrutura seu pensamento em um crescendo teórico que se estende desde seus primeiros ensaios até seus mais recentes escritos. O objetivo desta dissertação é, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, analisar as aproximações encetadas por Habermas acerca destes pólos dialogais explicitando movimentos e aportes teóricos elaborados em cada etapa. Propomo-nos a trabalhar em um primeiro momento o conceito de técnica explicitando a influência herdada da Escola de Frankfurt, bem como suas reconstruções e propostas aos impactos de uma razão instrumentalizada na sociedade. O ponto culminante da análise habermasiana acerca do conhecimento tecnocientífico será o delineamento dos limites ético-normativos de tais conhecimentos e ao mesmo tempo a exposição das patologias e insuficiências de uma razão estratégica, ou unicamente relacionada a fins, o que culmina com sua proposta de um “naturalismo mitigado”. A partir deste horizonte teórico trabalharemos o conceito de religião e sua importância no marco teórico hodierno de Habermas. Por fim, analisamos sua aproximação ao conceito de religião e a importância deste movimento na guinada interpretativa acerca desta, culminando com sua reposição no interior do pensamento de tal autor. Religion and technics, even with different impacts and moments in the architectonic of Jürgen Habermas‟s thought, end up constituting as referential dialogic themes in the work of this author, from which he structures his thought in a theoric growing that extends from his early essays to his most recent writings. The objective of this dissertation is, from a literature review, to analyze the approaches performed by Habermas about these dialogical poles explaining movements and theoretical frameworks developed in each step. We propose to work at first the concept of technic explaining the influence inherited from Frankfurt School, as well as their reconstructions and proposals to the impacts of an instrumented reason in society. The culmination of Habermas' analysis about the techno-scientific knowledge will be the delineation of normative ethical limits of such a knowledge and at the same time exposing the pathologies and shortcomings of a strategic reason, or merely related-to-end , which culminates with his proposal of a “mitigated naturalism”. From this theoretical horizon will work the concept of religion and its importance in today's theoretical framework of Habermas. Finally, we analyse his approach about the concept of religion and the importance of this movement in the lurch about this interpretative turn about this, culminating with his repositioning inside the thought of such author.
- Published
- 2014
223. Electro-drawn Drug-Loaded Biodegradable Polymer Microneedles as a Viable Route to Hypodermic Injection
- Author
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Paolo A. Netti, Eliana Esposito, Pietro Ferraro, Raffaele Vecchione, Veronica Vespini, Sara Coppola, Costantino Casale, Simonetta Grilli, R., Vecchione, S., Coppola, E., Esposito, C., Casale, V., Vespini, S., Grilli, P., Ferraro, and Netti, PAOLO ANTONIO
- Subjects
Hypodermic injection ,Materials science ,poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) ,electro-drawing ,subcutaneous drug delivery ,Nanotechnology ,Common method ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Biodegradable polymer ,Technological society ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Biomaterials ,Cartridge ,polymer microneedles ,Drug delivery ,Electrochemistry ,polymer microneedle ,Syringe ,Hypodermic needle - Abstract
Hypodermic needle injection is still the most common method of drug delivery despite its numerous limitations and drawbacks, such as pain, one-shot administration, and risk of infection. Seeking a viable, safe, and pain-free alternative to the over 16 billion injections per year has therefore become a top priority for our modern technological society. Here, a system that uses a pyroelectric cartridge in lieu of the syringe piston as a potential solution is discussed. Upon stimulation, the cartridge electro-draws, at room temperature, an array of drug-encapsulated, biodegradable polymer microneedles, able to deliver into hypodermic tissue both hydrophobic and hydrophilic bioactive agents, according to a predefined chrono-programme. This mould-free and contact-free method permits the fabrication of biodegradable polymer microneedles into a ready-to-use configuration. In fact, they are formed on a flexible substrate/holder by drawing them directly from drop reservoirs, using a controlled electro-hydrodynamic force. Tests of insertion are performed and discussed in order to demonstrate the possibility to prepare microneedles with suitable geometric and mechanical properties using this method. Biodegradable polymer microneedles represent a promising tool in transdermal drug delivery field. Here, a new fabrication approach based on polymer solution electro-drawing is presented. Microneedles produced with this technique can be obtained directly onto flexible substrate with controlled shape and can indent epithelium layer of animal skin. Furthermore, microneedles can be loaded with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic active compounds.
- Published
- 2014
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224. Environmental Issues and the Watchdog Role of the Media: How Ellul’s Theory Complicates Liberal Democracy
- Author
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Rick Clifton Moore
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,General Engineering ,050801 communication & media studies ,Environmental ethics ,Environmental journalism ,Liberal democracy ,Technological society ,Presupposition ,Democracy ,0506 political science ,0508 media and communications ,Law ,050602 political science & public administration ,Position (finance) ,Sociology ,Function (engineering) ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Environmental reporting ,media_common - Abstract
Citizens of Western democracies have long believed that the media should serve as watchdogs. Many feel one of the media’s most important watchdog duties is environmental reporting. As human progress has undoubtedly caused significant changes in the ecosystem, citizens have increasingly depended on the media to inform us about possible ill effects thereof. Though critics from both right and left have reservations about the actual fulfillment of this role by the press, most uphold environmental reporting in principle. Hence, environmental journalism is growing in stature and respect. Even so, the work of Jacques Ellul puts forth an analysis of the watchdog function of the press that challenges key tenets of the liberal democratic presuppositions of our technological society. His analysis, which is of neither the right nor the left, raises questions that anyone who thinks seriously about the media and the environment should ponder, even those who ultimately disagree with Ellul’s position.
- Published
- 2001
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225. The Technological Factor: Redemption, Nature, and the Image of God
- Author
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Peter Scott
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Technological factor ,Image of God ,Philosophy ,Humanity ,Premise ,Religious studies ,Temporality ,Technological society ,Sociality ,Education ,Epistemology - Abstract
This paper begins from the premise that being in the image of God refers humanity neither to nature not to its technology but to God. Two positions are thereby rejected: (1) that nature should be treated as a source of salvation (Heidegger), and (2) that redemptive significance may be ascribed to technology (Cole-Turner, Hefner). Instead, theological judgments concerning technology require the reconstruction of theological anthropology. To this end, the image of God (imago dei) is reconceived in terms of sociality, temporality, and spatiality to show how humanity may be understood as imaging God in a technological society.
- Published
- 2000
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226. Aestheticized Politics ,1 or the Long Shadow of Ernst Jünger's 'Old Testament?'
- Author
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Karlheinz Hasselbach
- Subjects
Old Testament ,Literature ,Politics ,Literature and Literary Theory ,business.industry ,Philosophy ,Aestheticism ,Technocracy ,Aesthetic perception ,business ,Technological society ,Shadow (psychology) - Abstract
In his “Old Testament,” inasmuch as its legacy crystallizes in the essay The Worker (1932), Junger conceives of an anti-bourgeois, technological society whose signature is the rule of soldier cum technocrat. Without renouncing its theories, the author appears to reverse himself in his subsequent writings, notably in the fictitious works On the Marble Cliffs (1939) and Heliopolis (1949). However, the aestheticism of the essay also informs his later fiction, both casting doubt on the nature of the reversal and handicapping a proper appreciation of the author's politics. It will be argued that, while Junger's aesthetic perception of reality has evolved intact from his “Old Testament,” there is sufficient evidence in both his writing and conduct to contradict the captivating notion that aestheticized politics equals fascism.
- Published
- 2000
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227. [Untitled]
- Author
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Bernice L. Hausman
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Lactation failure ,Health Policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Opposition (politics) ,Gender studies ,Ignorance ,medicine.disease ,Social practice ,humanities ,Technological society ,Biosocial theory ,medicine ,Wife ,Sociology ,Objectification ,media_common - Abstract
Interpreting a scene of lactation failure allows us to represent breast-feeding as a contested social practice. This essay reads a novelistic scene of lactation failure in the context of the decline of breast-feeding in the twentieth century. The protagonist's ignorance of the “female” experiences of pregnancy, childbirth, and lactation is an effect of her objectification within the opposition between “science” and “nature.” “Unnatural” as a woman because she is a “natural” individual, the “pastor's wife” exemplifies the dilemmas of breast-feeding as a biosocial practice of maternity in a technological society which features the breakdown of traditional female networks in which knowledge about maternity and breast-feeding are circulated.
- Published
- 1999
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228. Participatory technology assessment: A response to technical modernity?
- Author
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Leonhard Hennen
- Subjects
Public Administration ,Societal context ,business.industry ,Technology policy ,Modernity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Public administration ,Technology assessment ,Technological society ,Publishing ,Engineering ethics ,Participatory technology assessment ,Sociology ,Relation (history of concept) ,business ,media_common - Abstract
This paper discusses the societal context of technology assessment and the reasons underlying recent calls for participation. Participatory technology assessment is analysed in the light of current sociological debate about ‘uncertainty’, and its functional role is considered in relation to public controversy and decision-making on science and technology. Three key questions are addressed: what are the reasons given for using participation in technology assessment processes? which features of modern society have prompted the increasing demands for participation in technology policy? and what role can participation be expected to play in modern, technological society? Participatory technology assessment, as a response to technological controversy, should be understood as a means of dealing, in creative and interactive ways, with the issue of (scientific, social, ethical…) uncertainty at the heart of modern society. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
- Published
- 1999
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229. Vulgar Music and Technology
- Author
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Richard Stivers
- Subjects
Compensation (psychology) ,Vulgarity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Engineering ,Rationality ,Technological society ,Power (social and political) ,Social system ,Aesthetics ,Rock music ,Materialism ,Social science ,Psychology ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,media_common - Abstract
Rock music, rap, and heavy metal are all forms of vulgar music. Vulgarity refers to actions and communication that are “common, noisy, and gross,” and are “untranscendent.” A technological society is a vulgar society in its base of materialism and exclusive concern with power. Its excessive rationality produces a need for escape, for ecstasy, for the release of instinctual power. Vulgar music mimics a technological society and provides compensation for its repressive impact.
- Published
- 2007
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230. The laws of light
- Author
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Martin Hendry
- Subjects
Physics ,Theoretical physics ,Electromagnetic Phenomena ,Electromagnetism ,business.industry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,The Internet ,Physics::Classical Physics ,business ,Physics::History of Physics ,Technological society - Abstract
150 years after the publication of James Clerk Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, virtually all of our modern technological society is underpinned by electromagnetic phenomena – from microwave dinners to the Internet. And yet the essence of Maxwell's theory is captured by just four equations, explained here by Martin Hendry.
- Published
- 2015
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231. Media ethics and the technological society
- Author
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Clifford G. Christians
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Communication ,Political science ,Media ethics ,Engineering ethics ,Social science ,Technological society - Published
- 1998
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232. The Metronomic Society and the Natural Environment
- Author
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Brian Nettleton
- Subjects
Reduction (complexity) ,Outdoor education ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Environmental ethics ,Curriculum studies ,Sociology ,Function (engineering) ,Sociology of Education ,Natural (archaeology) ,Technological society ,Education ,media_common - Abstract
It is argued that one of the harmful consequences of living in our technological society is the reduction of meaningful contact with the natural environment. One important function of outdoor education is to provide opportunities to restore this contact.
- Published
- 1998
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233. The Community College and Technique
- Author
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Kim A. Goudreau
- Subjects
Law ,General Engineering ,Subject (philosophy) ,Environmental ethics ,Meaning (existential) ,Sociology ,Community college ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Legitimacy ,Technological society ,Compliance (psychology) - Abstract
Community Colleges, as contemporary educational institutions, are best understood by elucidating their legitimacy needs in a technological society. The nature of a technological society has been most clearly articulated in the work of Jacques Ellul. The growth of the technological society is inextricably tied to a vision of reality centered upon the empirical world and its manipulation by humans. This capacity to manipulate becomes so compelling that reality is virtually ex hausted of anything that cannot be objectively verified and subject to manipulation. Within this framework, precise quantitative measures and manipulation be come the sole form of legitimacy. The community college is caught in this predicament and in compliance mutates into a pseudo-laboratory of interventions on its objects. The proposed trajectory of said institutions is one that is incapable of providing the fertile soil for the development of character or the discovery of meaning.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
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234. Science and the University in a ‘Cultureless Time’: The need and possibilities for Ethics
- Author
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S. Strijbos
- Subjects
Technological determinism ,Normative ethics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Face (sociological concept) ,Collective action ,Technological society ,Epistemology ,Philosophy ,Information ethics ,Engineering ethics ,Sociology ,Ethics of technology ,Autonomy ,media_common - Abstract
One of the most striking phenomena of our time is the climate of uncertainty and confusion about fundamental norms and values. It has even been observed that the movement of modern science and technology has eroded the foundations from which norms could be derived. Meanwhile, in this time of confusion ethics is observed to be blossoming as never before in our universities. This paper addresses the question how assured we can be that a hefty dose of ethics in science and the university is an appropriate medicine for the problems of the modern age. A roundabout route is taken. Our analysis begins not with the current problem of norms and values but with another characteristic feature of our century, namely the spiraling course of science and technology. Some initial critical reflections on the widespread view of the autonomy of science and technology suggest that in the technological society we face problems our theoretical toolkit is not outfitted to deal with. Traditionally, ethics has been concerned with...
- Published
- 1998
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235. The paradox of uniformity and plurality in technological society
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S. Strijbos, Philosophy, and Research in Theoretical Philosophy
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Standardization ,Pluralism (political theory) ,Metaphysics ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Sociology ,Business and International Management ,Technological culture ,Social science ,Neoclassical economics ,Technological society ,Education - Abstract
The transition from traditional to modern technology has resulted in a dominant role for technology. Many believe this has caused a growing uniformity, a standardization, and cultural leveling in our societies. However, in the modern technological world there are also trends which point in the opposite direction. In this paper the connections between these two prominent characteristics of our times will be examined. While making a distinction between traditional and modern pluralism, it is argued that the contrasting phenomena of growing uniformity and growing plurality can be connected by the rise of modern technology. To reach a liberating perspective for our technological culture, we must break with its metaphysical backgrounds and the current view of modern man with his technological ambitions.
- Published
- 1997
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236. Do no harm: Technology, ethics and responsibility
- Author
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Paul W. De Vore
- Subjects
Do no harm ,General Engineering ,Commercial law ,Context (language use) ,Technological society ,Moral imperative ,Collective responsibility ,Accounting ,Political science ,Technology transfer ,Engineering ethics ,Business and International Management ,Social science ,Ethics of technology - Abstract
The focus of this article is on issues related to personal and collective responsibility in an increasingly complex technological society. A context for discussing questions that relate to the use of technical means and the long-term secondary and tertiary benefits, impacts and consequences is established with respect to ethics and responsibility.
- Published
- 1997
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237. No Technical Fix - Murray Jardine: The Making and Unmaking of Technological Society: How Christianity Can Save Modernity From Itself. (Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos Press, 2004. Pp. 304. $24.99.)
- Author
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Glenn Statile
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Modernity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,Political Science and International Relations ,Theology ,Christianity ,Technological society ,media_common - Published
- 2005
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238. What Lies Ahead?
- Author
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Barry B. Luokkala
- Subjects
Vision ,Emerging technologies ,Political science ,Context (language use) ,Environmental ethics ,Technological society - Abstract
As we discussed in the previous chapter, the distant future of our technological society will depend on the decisions that are taken now and in the near future, regarding what research projects to fund or not to fund, and how to use the new discoveries that are made and the new technologies that are developed. In this chapter, we will explore some visions of the future, as presented in science fiction. We will also consider how cultural and historical context can influence the way in which a classic science fiction story is told, and how our understanding of technology can influence how we think about culture. But we begin with a brief survey of some sci-fi predictions which have already come to pass, and a few more which may be coming very soon.
- Published
- 2013
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239. The Problem of Social Change in the Technological Society
- Author
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Douglas Kellner and Herbert Marcuse
- Subjects
Political economy ,Social change ,Sociology ,Technological society - Published
- 2013
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240. Fireaxe
- Author
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dominic chen, Owen Redwood, Ron Olsberg, Steve Hurd, Jeremy Lee Erickson, Yevgeniy Vorobeychik, Mitch Adair, Alan Berryhill, Michael Z. Lee, William Dee Atkins, Ben Cook, Adam L. Anderson, and Lyndon Pierson
- Subjects
Competition (economics) ,Engineering management ,Software ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Application security ,Design elements and principles ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,business ,computer ,Technological society - Abstract
Application security is a crucial problem in today's technological society. Currently, there does not exist a place for discovering, learning, and testing secure design principles. Fireaxe is the pilot competition that attempts to fill this gap. Two teams, one in New Mexico, and one in California, participated in this trial run. We successfully show that a secure design competition is feasible and useful for teaching and guiding students to implement more secure software.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
241. Jacques Ellul and the Technological Society in the 21st Century
- Author
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Carl Mitcham, Helena Mateus Jerónimo, and José Luís Garcia
- Subjects
Political economy ,Sociology ,Technological society - Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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242. Radically Religious: Ecumenical Roots of the Critique of Technological Society
- Author
-
Jennifer Karns Alexander
- Subjects
Christian Church ,Social disorder ,World War II ,Environmental ethics ,Marxist philosophy ,Sociology ,Social science ,Social justice ,Merge (version control) ,Technological society - Abstract
Jacques Ellul formulated his influential critique of technological society in the decade following the Second World War, as one of a group of theologians and church people concerned about technology and social justice in war-torn Europe. They are a group I will call the Technology and Social Justice Movement. Their work was sponsored by the World Council of Churches in Geneva, and Ellul was its most recognizable speaker. Ellul visualized a society founded neither on Marxist nor capitalist terms, by radically rejecting the concepts of planning inherent in both. This paper analyzes the speech that brought Ellul to international attention, at the first assembly of the World Council of Churches in Amsterdam in 1948, and draws on the correspondence and papers of Ellul held in the Geneva archives of the World Council of Churches. Ellul’s contributions required him to merge what he would later distinguish as his theological and sociological approaches. I argue that Ellul’s Amsterdam contributions illustrate how theologically grounded and truly radical his critique of technological society was.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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243. The Technological Society: Social Theory, McDonaldization and the Prosumer
- Author
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George Ritzer
- Subjects
McDonaldization ,Slot machine ,General theory ,Political science ,Context (language use) ,Social science ,Prosumer ,Technological society ,Epistemology ,Social theory - Abstract
This volume gives me the welcome and highly useful opportunity to address Jacques Ellul’s (1964 [1954]) classic work, The Technological Society, from the context of my work on social theory, the McDonaldization of society, and the age of the prosumer. I have found much of utility in the book and also much to criticize. On the positive side, Ellul’s work on technique is very useful in thinking about the principles of McDonaldization and in speculating on the coming age of the prosumer. While the key idea of technique continues to be quite useful, Ellul’s theoretical approach has its weaknesses and it has not worn well as a general theory.
- Published
- 2013
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244. Are We Still Pursuing Efficiency? Interpreting Jacques Ellul’s Efficiency Principle
- Author
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Wha-Chul Son
- Subjects
Technological society ,Epistemology ,Mathematics - Abstract
Efficiency is one of the most significant elements that characterizes modern technology. However, it is a notion that philosophers of technology do not pay much attention to. Jacques Ellul was no exception to this charge and, although he did not elaborate this concept, he emphasized its importance repeatedly. It is, thus, important to review Ellul’s theory in terms of the so-called “efficiency principle.” This allows us not only to appreciate Ellul’s philosophy, but also to continue developing his insights.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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245. How The Technological Society Became More Important in the United States than in France
- Author
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Carl Mitcham
- Subjects
History ,Notice ,business.industry ,SAINT ,Public administration ,language.human_language ,Technological society ,Martyr ,Protestantism ,Publishing ,language ,Intellectual life ,Portuguese ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
La Technique ou L’enjeu du siecle has an unusual history. The original French was published in 1954 and made scarcely a ripple in a cultural world dominated by Jean-Paul Sartre (L’etre et le neant, 1943; Saint Genet, comedien et martyr, 1952; Question de methode, 1957) and Albert Camus (La peste, 1947; La chute, 1956). Although La Technique received ten reviews, most were in periodicals associated with French Protestant intellectual life; only one appeared outside France, in Germany. Somewhat surprisingly, the following decades witnessed translations into Spanish (1960), English (1964), Portuguese (1968), Italian (1969), and Japanese (1975). But most publishing houses were second tier and all non-English translations received little notice.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
246. The Technological Society
- Author
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F. Allan Hanson
- Subjects
Assisted reproductive technology ,Spouse ,Child pornography ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Suspect ,Psychology ,Technological society ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Once upon a time sexual relations were necessary for the birth of a child. Back then the gender and state of health of a baby were known only after it emerged from the womb. The movements of a criminal suspect, a wayward spouse, or an errant teenager could be detected only by physically following them. It was even the case that, with the exception of fathers who died during the nine months between impregnation and birth, only living persons could have children.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
247. Ethics for an Age of Social Transformation. Part I : Framework for an Interpretation
- Author
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Sytse Strijbos, Philosophy, and Research in Theoretical Philosophy
- Subjects
Philosophy ,business.industry ,Social transformation ,Interpretation (philosophy) ,Perspective (graphical) ,Rationalism ,Information technology ,Sociology ,business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Industrial Revolution ,Technological society ,Epistemology - Abstract
Our present age is characterized by rapid processes of social transformation due to the rise of the systems sciences, computers and information technology. Part I of this paper distinguishes two perspectives for an interpretation of the ongoing evolution of our society as influenced by these newer developments in science and technology. From a structural perspective we argue that they have not created a society with entirely new structures, but just an expansion and intensification of the organizational‐technical systems which have typified the technological society since the Industrial Revolution. From a worldview perspective on our society we conclude that “systems rationalism” reinforces the prevailing technical worldview which fosters a progressive technical control and streamlining of society and human adaptation to its framework.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
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248. PHILOSOPHY OF TECHNOLOGY
- Author
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Daryl J. Wennemann
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Engineering ethics ,General Medicine ,Absurdity ,Technological society ,media_common - Published
- 1996
- Full Text
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249. Hacking and Digital Dissidence Activities
- Author
-
Giovanni Ziccardi
- Subjects
Cybercrime ,Action (philosophy) ,Audio watermark ,Electronic voting ,Electoral system ,Political science ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Legal action ,Technological society ,Hacker - Abstract
This Chapter deals with hacking activities under several points of view. The first part is dedicated to describe the history of the hacker, then the analysis try to understand hackers’ role in modern technological society, their activities, and their relationship with the world of digital dissidence. The themes that are outlined are the relationship between hacking and cybercrime, the Do-It-Yourself approach, and the evolution of the hacker ethic. The last portion of the Chapter describes the threats to several hackers (especially cease-and-desist letters) during their research activities for the circumventing of security systems. Attention is also dedicated to the action of hacking the electronic electoral system, and to the security issues related to electronic voting machines in the world.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
250. The Need for Sustainable Heretics
- Author
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Freeman J. Dyson
- Subjects
Politics ,Political science ,Environmental ethics ,Technological society - Abstract
In the modern world, science and society often interact in a perverse way. We live in a technological society, and technology causes political problems. The politicians and the public expect science to provide answers to the problems. Scientific experts are paid and encouraged to provide answers. The public does not have much use for a scientist who says, “Sorry, but we don’t know.” The public prefers to listen to scientists who give confident answers to questions and make confident predictions of what will happen as a result of human activities. So it happens that the experts who talk publicly about politically contentious questions tend to speak more clearly than they think. They make confident predictions about the future and end up believing their own predictions. Their predictions become dogmas that they do not question. The public is led to believe that the fashionable scientific dogmas are true, and it may sometimes happen that they are wrong. That is why heretics who question the dogmas are needed.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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