Search

We isolated strains of Helicobacter pylori from gastric mucosa of patients with peptic ulcer before and after eradication therapy, and studied their sensitivity to amoxicillin (AMPC) and clarythromycin (CAM). Of 85 strains of H. pylori isolated before therapy, MIC90 was 0.025 microgram/ml and no strains were resistant to AMPC. On the other hand, MIC90 of CAM was 0.05 microgram/ml and seven (8.2%) were already resistant to CAM. The H. pylori strains from eight cases of failed eradication therapy with lansoprazole + AMPC remained AMPC sensitive. However H. pylori strains from nineteen cases (82.6%) out of 23 of failed eradication therapy with lansoprazole + CAM became CAM resistant. The situation was similar for the cases of failed eradication therapy with lansoprazole + AMPC + CAM. Drug sensitivity tests prior to eradication therapy are to be recommended. A disc method may be used as a simple alternative to MIC measurement.

資料番号: SA1005053000

The effects of a series of polyol fatty acid esters (sefsols) on diclofenac permeation through rat skin were investigated using in vitro and in vivo methods. Four monoesters and one diester of sefsol were selected as a vehicle components. The effects of each sefsol on in vitro diclofenac permeation were compared at a concentration of 5% sefsol in water. Monoesters of sefsol, except the glyceryl monoester, enhanced the percutaneous permeation of diclofenac. The highest enhancement was observed in propylene glycol monocaprylate. The plasma concentration of diclofenac was increased dramatically by the addition of 10% propylene glycol monocaprylate when applying the diclofeanc sodium suspension to abdominal rat skin in vivo. These results suggest that the monoesters of polyol fatty acid are potential candidates to enhance the transdermal absorption of diclofenac sodium.

In human skin transplanted to the back of 3 strains of immuno-deficient mice the function of the eccrine sweat glands of the human transplant was tested by topical intradermal application of pilocarpine, adrenaline and atropine + pilocarpine. Sweat responses were observed in pre-selected fields of observation by means of video macroscope. The iodine starch reaction served as an indicator for the appearance of sweat sport and permitted the evaluation of areas wetted by sweat in the field of observation. Among 9 animals tested, the hybrids between the CB-17-scid mouse and the BALB/cA-nu mouse (BALB/cA-nu,scid) seemed to exhibit the most consistent sweating response to local pharmacological stimulation. According to histological examination, eccrine sweat glands were preserved in human skin transplanted into the back skin of the BALB/cA-nu,scid mouse strain. The heterologous, human skin graft provides a novel model permitting, independent of the normal sweat gland innervation, the analysis of molecular receptors of sweat gland cells by which the actions of natural transmitters and pharmacological agents are transduced.

To clarify the ability of cold tolerance of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) during the nonhibernating state as compared with Wistar rats, hypothermia was induced by acute cold exposure at 0°C with ice packs. On skin insulation, the back skin was better than the abdominal skin in both species, and Wistar rats was superior to Syrian hamsters. Minimal temperature in the abdominal cavity of Syrian hamsters in nonhibernation (7.22±0.31°C) was significantly lower than 17.11±0.39°C of Wistar rats. Blood proteins on SDS-PAGE 18hr after acute cold exposure changed as follows: 17.5, 19, 35 and 43 kDa proteins increased and 32 and 40 kDa proteins decreased. A little change occurred in proteins of the brain and kidney of Syrian hamsters.

The differential cross-sections for neutron scattering on liquid Bi-I alloys with six compositions have been measured by time-of-flight neutron diffractometry on the electron linac. The concentration dependences of the nearest neighbour distance of Bi-I or Bi-Bi and the second nearest neighbour distance of I-I or Bi-Bi reveal a tendency towards preference of like nearest neighbours Bi-Bi or formation of clusters consisting of Bi species above the liquidus temperature near the composition corresponding to BiI (i.e., 50 at% Bi). The metal-nonmetal transition, quite well documented for the system, may originate from concentration fluctuations with preferred Bi-Bi coordination.

The feasibility of the γ-ray incineration method, using the (γ, n) reaction, was examined for the long-lived radioactive waste 90 Sr and 137 Cs. The incineration of 90 Sr and 137 Cs as well as the buildup of long-lived radioactive by-products were calculated by changing the γ-ray flux as a parameter. The effect of alternative irradiation modes was also studied.

Pulsed neutron experiments in beryllium have been analyzed by the method of inelastic scattering expansion. Considering the full range of energy, the present method is applied to the calculation of the time dependent spectra within a system as well as at its surface. For obtaining the decay curve of the neutron counting rate, the neutrons are classified according to the number of specified inelastic scatterings that scatter the neutrons over the Bragg cutoff energy. The pseudo mode is, as a principal result, shown to correspond to an eigen solution of the thermal bounded equation. The buckling dependence of the eigenvalue and the eigen spectrum of the thermal bounded equation are studied, and useful approximate expressions are derived. The calculated results are compared with the experiments by Fullwood et al. and other authors.

An experimental and theoretical study has been conducted on two interference effects of neutron waves in heterogeneous multiplying systems—the interference between elementary waves having greatly different characteristics of propagation and the interference due to lattice effect, taking as example a plate-type system consisting of natural uranium and graphite. The experiments on neutron wave propagation were performed with external modulated sources. The effects examined on the neutron waves covered the multiplicity of system, the direction of propagation and the source spectrum. Analyses by fission expansion method have proved the existence of the first-mentioned form of interference in the source transient region. The second form of interference effect on the dispersion law with account taken of heterogeneity, is discussed numerically in comparison with the homogeneous multiplying system.

A hypothetical model, the Nattoh model, is proposed to answer the questions that result from cold fusion experiments. This model proposes the formation of a small cluster of deuterons and examines the feasibility of many-body fusion reactions. The gamma-ray spectrum, heat production, neutron emissions, and fusion products are discussed.

The differential cross‐sections for neutron scattering from the I‐rich melts of liquid Bi‐I alloys have been measured by time‐of‐flight neutron diffractometry on the electron linac. The compositional dependences of the pair correlation functions G(r) have been reinvestigated for the melts up to 40 at% Bi. The flattening saddles and the second peaks are located at the short‐distance side of about 4 A or the I‐I distance and at about 6.5 A, respectively, for the compositions of 29.1 and 37.5 at% Bi. A tendency towards preference of like nearest neighbors Bi‐Bi or formation of clusters consisting of Bi species may be achieved even at the I‐rich side of the composition at 40 at% Bi. The metal‐nonmetal transition quite well documented in the region of 40 and 50 at% may originate from the clusters.