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Growing interest has been shown in the effects of the xu -argument based translation continuation task, which have been mainly explored via the linguistic dimension. The current study, using a pretest-intervention-posttest design, investigated the dynamic relationships among translation learning anxiety, foreign language learning proficiency, and English–Chinese translation strategies under an iterative translation continuation task (ITCT) that lasted 13 turns. The results yielded from 134 student translators showed a significant increase in their translation strategies comprehension and production, with those with a medium level of translation learning anxiety and foreign language learning proficiency achieving the most. It also showed that the significant partial mediating effect of translation learning anxiety between foreign language learning proficiency and the production of translation strategies in the pre-test became insignificant in the post-test, and the insignificant correlation between the comprehension and production of translation strategies in the pre-test became significant in the post-test. The dynamic relationships among translation learning anxiety, foreign language learning proficiency, and translation strategies confirmed the mediating role of the ITCT in attenuating the impact of higher level of translation learning anxiety and lower level of foreign language learning proficiency on the comprehension and use of translation strategies, though its effects could be different for student translators with different levels of translation anxiety and proficiency as measured by different assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foreign Language Teaching is the property of Az Buki National Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper deals with the study of communicative structure used in English and Russian utterances. The study is aimed at analyzing Russian EFL learners’ ability to convey communicative meaning of English utterances using a variety of L1 (Russian) lexical and syntactic means when translating experimental materials from L2 (English) to their native tongue. The application of theoretical and empirical methods allowed registering and classifying translation variants and identifying problems caused by inability of the Russian subjects to understand the communicative meaning of the source sentences with a different location of the communicative center. The results prove that conveying the emotional coloring of a sentence is a challenging task for the Russian EFL learners. Comparative analysis of the data with the results from previous studies helps reveal the connection between the ability of the Russian speakers to identify the location of the communicative center and their ability to choose a correct translation strategy. The paper also addresses the issue of determining nucleus position; its role in conveying the communicative structure in written speech is crucial. A potential area for application of the results of the study concerns the EFL teaching methods, as they contribute to the development of foreign language communicative competence of non-linguistic students as well as their translation competence. Outlined are the perspectives for further research aimed at deeper understanding of the mechanisms determining nucleus position in non-native written speech and significance of prosodic means for conveying communicative meanings in the process of written and oral translation.

As a well-known international gathering, the Shanghai World Expo not only tries to exhibit the economic and technological innovation, but also to convey its profound culture. Publicity text, as a special text type, the purpose is to publicize China to the outside world and let the world know better about China, as well as to draw the target text readers’ attention so as to attain a desired effect and attract more foreigners to visit. Therefore, the publication of Expo becomes extremely important. However, there still remain some translation errors in the English version of Shanghai Expo’s official website. This paper attempts to probe into the current C-E translation problems in publicity texts and to seek a way out in the enlightenment of Skopostheorie. In view of the translation errors appearing in the website, five related translation strategies are put forward, namely, selective translation, amplification, paraphrase, culturally equivalent words and transliteration with hyperlink. Based on the analysis of translation errors, this paper tries to explain that the main cause of mistranslation is such a translator who has not taken the translation purpose of publicity texts and target text readers into consideration in the course of C-E translation. Meanwhile, it also tries to prove that publicity text translation deals with not only language, but also the culture. There are great differences between Chinese and English publicity texts. Therefore, the language and cultural features have to be observed carefully in order to cater to the English readership’s habit and expectation so as to fulfill the translation task.

The paper discusses the role of directionality in translations from Czech to German language. Its main purpose is to detect differences in the translation process between native and non-native translations, with a special focus on the translation strategies chosen. The empiric part consists of an investigation of a sample from students‘ translations, produced during practical lessons on translation of non-literary texts into German at Charles University. Some of the examples discussed in the paper show differences between native and non-native translations on three different linguistic levels: lexical, syntactic and pragmatic. While the lexical and syntactic level show a tendency towards inhibitation of L1 structures, the pragmatic level is more likely to transfer source language norms into the target text.

Growing interest has been shown in the effects of the xu-argument based translation continuation task, which have been mainly explored via the linguistic dimension. The current study, using a pretest-intervention-posttest design, investigated the dynamic relationships among translation learning anxiety, foreign language learning proficiency, and English–Chinese translation strategies under an iterative translation continuation task (ITCT) that lasted 13 turns. The results yielded from 134 student translators showed a significant increase in their translation strategies comprehension and production, with those with a medium level of translation learning anxiety and foreign language learning proficiency achieving the most. It also showed that the significant partial mediating effect of translation learning anxiety between foreign language learning proficiency and the production of translation strategies in the pre-test became insignificant in the post-test, and the insignificant correlation between the comprehension and production of translation strategies in the pre-test became significant in the post-test. The dynamic relationships among translation learning anxiety, foreign language learning proficiency, and translation strategies confirmed the mediating role of the ITCT in attenuating the impact of higher level of translation learning anxiety and lower level of foreign language learning proficiency on the comprehension and use of translation strategies, though its effects could be different for student translators with different levels of translation anxiety and proficiency as measured by different assessments.

ABSTRACTBased on observations of strategies adopted in Western interpretation and translation of the Chinese classic I Ching, this paper draws parallels between such strategies and Western developments in hermeneutics philosophy. In relation to this parallelism, three approaches of Western encounters with Chinese ancient literature – “conservative,” “dialogical,” and “radical” – will be identified. Cultural manifestations of such developments in twentieth century poetry, music, and the arts will be discussed.

This study investigated how culture-specific items (CSIs) are translated in the Chinese-English food menu corpus. This overarching aim was divided into two specific objectives: identifying which procedures prevail in translating cultural items and determining what factors impinge on the selection of specific procedures. The analysis of the corpus was done descriptively and by utilizing "Sketch Engine." The theoretical issues addressed in the study included the scope and definition of CSI, the categorization of procedures presented in the data for CSI translation, and the place of food items within the category of CSI. Results of the study indicated that neutralizing strategy is employed more than foreignizing and domesticating strategies, with the latter being last in descending order. The major factors identified were metonymical/metaphorical use of the CSI, brand, polysemous nature of source CSI, degree of cultural markedness, and false relationship of the ST item with the TT item. Correlations between some factors and procedures were moderately strong as their values were above 50 out of the ideal value (100). However, other correlations were weak and therefore requires further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the current status of Chinese-English public sign translation research in China, we analyzed 137 published studies in the past 15 years and found that public sign translation research in China has developed progressively from the nascent stage in 2005 to its climax in 2014 and then began to decline to date. Public signs translation research has attracted the attention of many scholars, and fruitful results have been achieved in terms of research content, which covers the definition, features, functions, translation errors, translation principles, strategies, and the theories applied to C-E public signs translation. However, there are still many deficiencies in related research, such as the repetition of research content, the limited scope of investigation, and the lack of a clear distinction between what constitutes a feature and a translation principle of public signs. The study suggests that future research content on public sign translation should be in-depth and more diversified. Also, more public sign translation experts should be trained to improve their translation quality, and the related supervisory body should intensify their supervision. Future researchers should extend their investigations to include other public signs in thematic areas such as menus, museums, folk gardens, culture-specific items, and theory development as studies in these areas are limited. It is hoped that the research findings will offer insight into the problems and gaps in related research and help facilitate the development of relevant language policies, translation theories, and methods for the translation and study of public signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an indispensable part of Chinese science and technology, astronomical technology in the Mongol Yuan Dynasty serves as a link between the development of the preceding periods and the following ones. It is a typical representative of splendid Mongolian culture and national history as well. The translation of Chinese science and technology can not only promote the cultural transmission but it is also of academic value. This article discusses the translation problems and strategies in translating astronomical technology in the Yuan Dynasty. Based on the text type of the technological monographs, and combining the two strategies of domestication and foreignization, this article attempts to render a proper way for the translation in the related field, contributing a share to the construction of China's foreign discourse system and dissemination of excellent Chinese culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adab Al-Basrah is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a new field of translation with its own special genre, geotourism has not yet been firmly established because geotourism translations are currently not of a sufficient professional standard. This situation does not provide geotourists with the genre’s full target of enjoyment, learning and engagement through science popularisation tourism activities. In order to better meet these three definitive purposes in geotourism, this study analyses the three basic categories of geotourism—geological features (GFs), geological processes (GPs) and cultural elements (CEs)—to determine effective strategies of geotourism translation from Chinese into English. Challenges in translation include scientific jargon, language style and cultural gaps. In this article, the advantages of Hu’s Eco-translatology theory are explained and used for minimising translation problems; and the corpus linguistics method, superior for quantitative and qualitative analysis, is utilised. As well, digital auxiliary tools Tmxmall (2014) and Sketch Engine (2003) were employed to facilitate corpus research. Through analysis, effective strategies in each of the key geotourism categories, GFs, GPs and CEs, were identified, shaped and recommended for future translators’ attention. In the results, literal translation, transliteration and free translation, addition and use of official UNESCO names were recommended to render GFs. Division and shift translation, literal translation and shift and division were recommended for GPs. Literal translation, transliteration and free translation and addition were recommended for CEs. Since this is an initial investigation in the genre of geotourism, this study has attempted to build a model platform for future study and wider research in geotourism translation and translation pedagogy for the improvement of geotourism translation quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though idioms constitute an essential part of language and are common in our daily communication, they are seen to possess uncommon linguistic characteristics and high degrees of linguistic and cultural specificities. Due to this, they pose various problems to native and non-native speakers of a language, as well as translators. The present study sought to identify the strategies adopted in translating these expressions found in Harper Lee's novel To Kill a Mockingbird and to examine if there is any loss of meaning post-rendition, referring to Tawfeeq Al-Asady's Arabic rendition of the prize-winning novel. In meeting the study's objectives, a sample of 80 idiomatic expressions were analyzed based on Baker's (2018) taxonomy and Nababan et al.'s (2012) model. A comparative-descriptive approach was applied; first, comparing the SL idiom with its TL counterpart to identify the strategy used and to assess for any loss of meaning, and then calculating the frequency of the strategies adopted. The findings reveal that four primary strategies were employed: paraphrasing, total equivalence, literal translation, and partial equivalence. The kappa value for interrater reliability is highly favorable at .86, denoting almost perfect agreement between the raters who were invited to assess the study's data for added validity. We are able to conclude that the idiomatic expressions were to a fair extent rendered effectively, with instances of loss of meaning observed. This study and its findings are of relevance to translators, educators, and scholars engaged in language and translation research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper discusses information structure-based strategies that could be used in translating from English to Spanish. It is widely observed that many problems arise in translation when establishing the theme/topic and providing the focus content in the target language, given the grammatical instruments available in the source language. It is extremely important to use similar discourse mechanisms to present the same message in exactly the same terms from an information-structure point of view. This means that the syntactic configuration may be different in the source and target texts. I focus on three information structure phenomena, namely Passive, Topic Fronting and Negative Preposing in the two languages, to analyse the preservation of the discourse flow in various translations for the optimal use of the relevant constructions.

The paper focuses on lexical means of representing Russian cultural code in Portuguese translations of A.S. Pushkin’s renowned novel “Eugene Onegin” authored by Dário Moreira de Castro Alves (2008) and Alípio Correia de Franca Neto and Elena Vássina (2019). Specifically, the study examines techniques used by the translators to render culturally marked Russian words into Portuguese. The objective of the study was to determine how Russian realia expressing national cultural practices are reflected in the mirror of the Portuguese linguistic community culture and identify relevant factors affecting translation choices in both versions of the novel. As Portuguese translations of “Eugene Onegin” are relatively new to the global cultural landscape, they become a legitimate interest as an object of comparative analysis in the context of Russian-Brazilian intercultural communication. To conduct the investigation, a parallel Russian-Portuguese corpus was compiled that included fragments containing culturally marked words. The research procedure relied on a set of methods developed for a step-by-step comparative analysis of Russian realia and their Portuguese equivalents registered in the parallel corpus compiled by the authors. The findings suggest that the translators approach the problem of rendering Russian realia from different angles, occasionally displaying antipodal decisions regarding translation strategies. Both versions are not devoid of culturally inappropriate choices of equivalents, which may become an obstacle to adequate perception of the Russian novel by Brazilian readers.

This article aims to analyse cultural items in the German translations of Yaşar Kemal’s novel Orta Direk as Der Wind aus der Ebene by Helga and Yıldırım Dağyeli and Margerete Bormann. To this end, it attempts to find answers to the following questions: Is it possible to translate the culture of a society into another language? Do these cultural items find expression in the target language or do they fail at the limit of translatability? To find an answer to these questions, the cultural elements identified in the novel were first classified according to Peter Newmark’s categorisation of “cultural term” (2010). Then these elements were analysed according to the translating procedure. For this purpose, the methods used for the translation of these elements were categorised as foreignisation and domestication suggested by Lawrence Venuti (1998). It was found that the domestic translation strategy was predominantly applied to the analysed cultural elements. Few cultural specifics were translated using foreignisation. This conclusion shows that while cultural elements of the source language found expression in the target language in a way, some aspects of the source language culture were lost in the translation.

Due to the importance of observing procedural deadlines, phrases expressing temporal relationships show specific features. These are high turnout, templateness, the ability to develop temporal formulas in the form of collocation chains, the specific distribution of language means depending on the branch of law and the connectivity of the leaders of these phrases. The comparison of temporal formulas in Polish and German law showed significant interlingual differences. They are the main reason for translation difficulties in this area. Confrontative analysis of published translations of selected legal acts revealed significant disadvantages of the translation strategies used in them. It also confirmed the value of micro-comparisons for translational purposes.

The paper is a comparison of three translations of Tadeusz Konwicki’s novel Bohiń. After an overall evaluation of the specific characteristics of the Polish language spoken in the Vilnius area, the author focuses on its lexical aspects and in particular on words reflecting the complex social, political, and cultural reality of the northern Kresy. The analysis of the strategies adopted to render the novel’s realities, conducted on the basis of a classification of realia proposed by Krzysztof Hejwowski, enables the author to indicate how some of these words play an important role in the creation of Tadeusz Konwicki’s fictional and mythical universe.

The paper aims at analysing the techniques used in the rendition of the names of supernatural, mythological, and fantastic creatures in the Italian translation of The Witcher saga by Andrzej Sapkowski. After presenting the role played by different classes of names in the creation of an imaginary world based on intertextual procedures, the author identifies eight recurring techniques: borrowing, calque, recognised translation, generalisation, normalisation, lexical recreation, substitution, and omission. The paper shows that though the translation of Sapkowski’s series combines a foreignising and domesticating approach, naturalisation prevails in the rendition of Slavic elements, supplying the reader with a more “international” setting derived from a wide use of replacements and hypernyms.

Authors of translations of legal codes do not usually inform about their approach to solving translational problems. One of the reasons is the firm belief in the need for a faithful and thus literal translation of the output text. This unlawful approach creates a field for unfounded creation of so-called Equivalent terminology. Consequently, translations contain expressions whose meanings in the target language are incomprehensible or cannot be determined by reference to the doctrine or case-law. A legal approach based on subject knowledge and a precise methodology for determining interlingua equivalents eliminates the problems arising from a non-lawful approach. In the analytical part of the article there is presented a methodology of the legal approach to solving translational problems and the method of its practical application.

The study intends to examine prudently some pragmatic and stylistic aspects in three English renditions of the meaning of Sūrah Al Hujurat, which is in the renditions of Abdel- Hakeem, Pickthall, and Khan and Al-Hilai. Also, the study aims at looking into a pragmatic and stylistic approach as a basic conceptional structure against which the three translations of the meaning of Surah Al Hujurat have been analyzed and assessed by the two researchers. Additionally, the paper aims at probing translation methods adopted by the three translators in rendering Sūrah Al Hujurat into English. The study reveals that the translation methods used by the three translators such as literal translation and transliteration have not been acknowledged and recognized as they do not convey some accurate meanings of the original text. The archaic lexemes used by Pickhall cause underlying linguistic problems for TL receptor. Contemporary usage results in pragmatic and stylistic aspects of simplicity. The modern usage has preferably been used by the three translators, especially for some young receptors of the Holy Quran. Also, the paper findings show that loss in the pragmatic and stylistic aspects of Surah Al Hujurat into English took place because of couplet translation, transliterations, literal translation methods adopted by the aforementioned three translators. The study suggests that the loss of sense in the renditions of the Holy Quran in general and Surah Al Hujurat, in particular, can be recompensed by exegeses, as well as some translation strategies such as translation in brackets or footnotes. Finally, the study recommends the translators of the Holy Quran should avoid employing transliteration and literal translation strategies in rendering the Holy Quran into English.

The present paper intends to approach the pharmaceutical text as a genre of medical discourse, focusing especially on the translation of Drug Advertisements (DA).The aim of this paper is to investigate the translation issues raised by these texts and to offer some translation strategies in order to facilitate their understanding by the non – specialist readers. One of the novelty elements of this article consists in an interdisciplinary approach of the pharmaceutical promotion texts and their analysis from different perspectives: of translation and cultural studies, of linguistics, of pragmatics and of the advertising discourse. The advertising language uses textual as well as cultural strategies in order to get the reader’s attention. The understanding and the observance of the cultural values of the target audience is essential for an efficient approach to translation. Consequently, the translator needs to focus not only on the linguistic particularities of the text but also on respecting the socio-cultural differences of the target reader when interpreting the source-text. A difficult element in the translation of the pharmaceutical promotion text represents the cultural appropriateness of the sent message. The publicity of a product can be inefficient owing to the non-compliance with the socio-cultural differences in interpretation that leads to an inadequate promotion. The attempt of finding the optimum translation strategies in order to facilitate the understanding of these texts by the lay – receiver, preserving the meaning as well as the cultural atmosphere in the target text, represents another new element of this approach, given that, there are not many studies in the field literature that focus on this topic.

This paper maps the Indonesian-English translation strategies within a comic published in Webtoon, arguably the most popular global digital comic service platform in this generation. The data was taken from Webtoon. The data is an Indonesian Webtoon entitled “My Pre-Wedding” created by Annisa Nisfihani and its translation into English by Pujangga Team. This study’s design is qualitative, primarily describing the data by way of document review. Researchers catagorised the data into six translation strategies as stated by Baker Mona (1992). The researchers accumulated 261 data of translation strategies. Based on the analysis undertaken, the translation strategies used are mainly general word (17 findings = 6.5%), cultural substitution (47 findings = 18%), loan word (16 findings = 6.1%), paraphrase using a related word (53 findings = 20.3%), paraphrase using unrelated words (63 findings = 24.1%), and omission (65 findings = 24.9%). The results not only contribute to the research on language translation strategies, but also give insight on how they apply within the new generation’s smartphone cyberculture.

This article focuses on translation strategy of idiom in comic Garfield Goes to and its translation. It is expected to identify translation strategies and to know the pattern of translation strategies in translating the idiomatic expression. This research belongs to descriptive qualitative. The source of data is a comic entitled Garfield Goes to Waist and its translation Garfield Mengurangi Berat. Whereas, the data are all of idioms found in the comic. This research applies total sampling technique since the samples are all of data which are found in the source of data. The result of the analysis shows that there are four strategies used by the translator in translating idioms. Meanwhile, the pattern of strategies indicates that Translation by Paraphrasing is dominant strategy. Besides, the others strategies are translation Using an Idiom of Similar Meaning but Dissimilar Form, Translation by Omission and Using an Idiom of Similar Meaning and Form respectively

This research attempted to find out translation strategies applied by the fifth-semester students of English Education Study Program in translating English written texts into Indonesian. It was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach. The subject of the research were 61 pieces of translation task collected from the lecturer into taught translation subject. Data of this research were collected from the students’ assignment about Explanation text given by the lecturer. . The data analysis was done by using translation techniques theory proposed by Suryawinata and Hariyanto (2003). The results of this research revealed that the use of each translation strategy varied in terms of frequency. The translation strategies used by the students from the most dominant to the least dominant respectively were as follows ; 1) Borrowing (56.61%); 2) Omission (29.41%); 3) Synonym (6.80%), 4) Addition (3.49%), 5) and Transposition (3.49%). The applications of reduction and expansion were not found. Among all the five translation strategies found in the students’ translation works, omission, synonym and borrowing were accurately applied. Furthermore, addition and transposition were not accurately and successfully applied by the students.

One of the most important elements that make up the history of societies is language, and one of the indispensable elements of language is idioms. Translating idioms that are more common in the metaphorical sense into another language can be more difficult compared to other translations. The most important method of overcoming this challenge is to master both languages. In this study, the idioms of the Arabic translation of Mustafa Kutlu’s story “Ya Tahammül Ya Sefer” by Muhammad Suleiman, one of the last writers of Turkish storytelling, were examined. Idioms in the source book were identified and compared with translations of these idioms in Arabic. This comparison was made within the framework of the idiom translation strategies of Mona Baker, a specialist in translation techniques. Idioms were classified and evaluated according to Baker’s translation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work compiles, describes and analyzes "specific cultural items" (AIXELA, 2013) in translations of Ivan Bunin's (1870-1953) works into Portuguese, English and Spanish. This is predominantly qualitative analysis, although based on a substantial corpus (132 cases), which aims to characterize the domestication and foreignization strategies (VENUTI, 1995) used by translators and the effects obtained in the target text from such choices. The strategies of Molina and Albir (2002) referenced the identification and analysis of the translation techniques of Schnaiderman (BÚNIN, 2016), Vinha (BÚNIN, 2014), Schneider (BÚNIN, 2011), Hettlinger (BUNIN, 2007), Struve (BUNIN, 1994) and Ancira (BUNIN, 1992). In conclusion, the study points to the predominance of domestication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the principles of Transnational Feminist Translation Studies according to which we can defend the intervention in the unequal flows of knowledge produced in the world through translation, this paper attempts to present a translational project of a woman and a geopolitical context largely unknown in Brazil: the Panamanian writer Melanie Taylor. From the translation into Portuguese of her short story "El viaje", we reflected on the application of feminist and foreignizing translation strategies which, at the same time, made the text visible as a translation, enhancing the translator's voice, and highlighted the cultural otherness enunciated in the source text, contributing to the dissemination of knowledge in the context of arrival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is 1) to identify Baker's translation strategies on LGBTQ slang in Diary of Tootsie, season 1 on Netflix as pro-subbing and YouTube as fan-subbing., 2) to identify the different types of LGBTQ slang found in research question 1, and 3) to analyze how translation strategy affects the socio-cultural attitudes towards Thai LGBTQ community. This research employed a qualitative research method to process the data collection and data analysis. The data of this research were taken Thai LGBTQ slang words found in Diary of Tootsie, season 1 on Netflix and YouTube. The findings represented that translation by paraphrase using an unrelated word was the most common translation strategy used in Netflix (15 slang) and YouTube (14 slang), and translation by a more general word (superordinate) was the least used translation strategy use in Netflix and YouTube (1 slang). Second, ambiguous terms in five characteristics of LGBTQ language in Thai were the most frequent use of these categories (8 slang) to conceal the true meaning of the slang terms that convey the sexual meaning. The swear and taboo words (2 slang) were the least used in these categories. Last, English translation of the slang terms has no effects on the Thai LGBTQ community as well as the findings clearly indicate that the slang have represented a positive attitude rather than negative attitude towards the Thai LGBTQ community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the figurative idiomatic competence of Jordanian graduate students of English. It mainly focuses on students' strategies and errors when translating English idiomatic expressions into Arabic. The study analyzes the performance of two groups of graduate students in a translation task. The first group includes 18 M.A. students, whereas the second includes 18 Ph.D. students. The findings of the study indicate that Ph.D. students have slightly higher idiomatic competence than M.A. students, though the two groups perform poorly in the translation task. The findings also suggest that graduate students of English often rely on the context, metaphor, and knowledge of L1 to approach the meaning of English fixed figurative expressions. Furthermore, the findings show that paraphrasing and giving an Arabic equivalent are the most common translation strategies applied by graduate students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alman Dili ve Edebiyati Dergisi / Studien zur Deutschen Sprache & Literatur is the property of Alman Dili ve Edebiyall Dergisi / Studien Zur Deutschen Sprahe und Literatilr and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When translating verbs from auditory perception, the translator often limits himself to a semantic and syntactic analysis of the predicates in a sentence. However, there is also an enunciative dimension (i.e. the relationship between the speaker and the subject of auditory perception) to be taken into account. Linguists divide the verbs of auditory perception into two groups according to cognitive criteria: verbs of passive and active perception. In Polish, many auditory perception verbs have a prefix. In this article, we analyse how Polish passive auditory perception verbs and active auditory perception verbs are to be translated into Dutch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translation is defined as transferring meaning and style from one language to another, taking the text producer's intended purpose and the audience culture into account. This paper uses a 256,000-word Arabic-English parallel corpus of the speeches of King Abdullah II of Jordan from 1999 to 2015 to examine how some culture-bound expressions were translated from Arabic into English. To do so, two software packages were used, namely Wordsmith 6 and SketchEngine. Comparing the size of the Arabic corpus with its English counterpart using the wordlist tool of WS6, the researchers found that the number of words (tokens) in the English translation is more than the Arabic source text. However, the results showed that the Arabic language has more unique words, which means that it has more lexical density than its English counterpart. The researchers carried out a keyword analysis and compared the Arabic corpus with the ArTenTen corpus to identify the words that King Abdullah II saliently used in his speeches. Most of the keywords were culturebound and related to the Jordanian context, which might be challenging to render. Using the parallel concordance tool and comparing the Arabic text with its English translation showed that the translator/s mainly resorted to the strategies of deletion, addition, substitution, and transliteration. The researchers recommend that further studies be conducted using the same approach but on larger corpora of other genres, such as legal, religious, press, and scientific texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various cultures have distinct and separate linguistic communities which characterize different aspects of the society. Consequently, the cultural differences among languages usually pose some challenges to translators, especially the translators of literary works. This study investigates the challenges encountered while translating the cultural items in the Romeo and Juliet play from English into Arabic. It also examines how culture and translation are interconnected and how translators should deal with cultural challenges in translation. The study employed the qualitative approach for collecting and analyzing the data of the study. It also employed the Newmark's (1988) model regarding the translation strategies for the analysis of the translation as well as his cultural categories for identifying the cultural terms in the play. Eighteen cultural terms were identified in the first two chapters of the play and then their translations were qualitatively analyzed. The findings of the study revealed that the strategies utilized in the translation of cultural terms in the play include functional equivalents, descriptive equivalents, cultural equivalents, shifts or transposition and naturalization. It is also found that the translator encountered some challenges while translating some cultural-specific terms due to the cultural gap between Arabic and English. Based on the obtained findings, it can be stated that there is a close connection between translation and culture and thus translators should take into account the differences in culture between the source and target language especially when translating cultural-specific terms. The study recommends that translators should employ many translation strategies simultaneously and have sufficient knowledge in both the source and target languages to convey the meanings of such cultural terms appropriately. The present study provides important implications which could be useful to translators and interested researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study offers a pragma-semantic analysis of two basic color terms (black and white) in the language of the Quran. Such color terms have been particularly selected as they are largely claimed to be universal, and therefore their associative meanings could be effortlessly grasped and translated. The data set comprised fifteen verses in which ''abyaḍ'(white),''aswad'(black), and other co-referential lexemes are keywords. The study followed a three-step procedure. Firstly, the frequency of the target color terms and their co-referential keywords was calculated and described morphologically and syntactically. Secondly, the underlying context in which the target color terms are used was explained to identify their denotations, connotations, and pragmatic force based on cotextual cues and exegetical interpretations. In light of contextual and cotextual information, the target conceptual domains underlying the figurative use of such color terms were highlighted. Finally, the translations of these color terms were explored to identify the translation strategies followed to render their literal and figurative senses. Findings showed that the color terms whiteand blackare used both literally and figuratively (both metonymically and metaphorically) to highlight various contrastive physical and mental states of people and objects. While white developed positive, neutral, and negative connotations in the Quranic text, black developed only neutral and negative connotations. Most of these connotations were found to be motivated by the Muslim habitus or belief system. Furthermore, based on universal experiential associations between darkness and blackness as well as brightness and whiteness, translators of the Quran used the same color-based conceptual metaphor or metonymy or rephrased it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Synergies Chine is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English & Cultural Studies is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, CCE Departamento de Pos-Graduacao em Lingua Englesa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studies about Language / Kalbu Studijos is the property of Studies about Language / Kalbu Studijos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Translation is closely related to languages, linguistics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, culture etc. and because of these relations, there are also a lot of theories which give importance either to source language or target language. Linguistic and other features of the source and target texts have been examined for years. But translator is an important element with an important role in translation process as well, and the influence of translators’ personality traits on their translation has been emphasized. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to investigate whether there are relations between translators’ personality characters and their translation strategy preferences. The BFI Test (Big Five- Factor Inventory) is administered to 28 English Translation and Interpreting students at Cappadocia University to determine the personality traits of the participants. Then they are asked to choose one of the suggested translations in accordance with the translation model. The data are analyzed through SPSS (v. 22). The findings indicate that there are significant relationships between personality traits of participants and their use of translation strategies. According to results, agreeableness personality trait has a significant relationship with borrowing strategy, openness and neuroticism have significant relationships with modulation strategy, and conscientiousness has a significant relationship with adaptation strategy. Only extraversion does not correlate significantly with any of the strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the interventional translation strategies employed in the Ukrainian dubbing of The Simpsons Movie (2007). Based on a parallel corpus of the English original and the Ukrainian dubbing, this paper argues that film translation frequently requires lexical adjustments by the translator in order to maintain the original context or to establish the desired emotional connection with the audience. The interventional strategies chosen for this paper and applied to detected Ukrainian fragments are generalisation, substitution and omission, which are elements of domestication strategies; and specification, which is an element of foreignization strategies. In the process of analysing the parallel corpus for The Simpsons Movie, an additional type of interventional strategy was detected and added as a fifth category: lexical domestication. This strategy relates to elements that have been deliberately created with the aim of introducing foreign replicas closer to the target language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In times of the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of online platforms for teaching purposes accelerated, and remote learning and teaching gained ground in the field of Translation & Interpreting Studies (TIS). In this paper, we discuss the curriculum design of JurDist, a master's course in legal translation, which has been offered as an online course for the language combinations Norwegian - English/French/German/Spanish since 2013. We describe, in detail, today's curriculum and discuss modifications to the teaching, implemented in the spring semester of 2021. The modifications aim at improving the students' performance in accordance with current research in translation theory (i.e., translation competence development) and in line with current approaches to learning and teaching (e.g., taxonomies describing different levels and kinds of understanding). Consequently, the curriculum design and the modified approach to teaching aim at enhancing the students' professional skills in the field of legal translation. Although this teaching approach is applicable to both online teaching and the physical classroom, we describe its implementation in an online teaching environment only. Online teaching in all its facets has come to stay, also within TIS. We contribute to this development with our experience in teaching specialized translation online since 2013, which predates the recent pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]