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This study measures the environmental efficiency of China based on environmental super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (SEDEA) model by using data of 30 provinces in China during the period of 2000–2010. We find that environmental efficiencies across 30 provinces show regional disparities. Cities such as Beijing and Shanghai have experienced improvement in efficiency while Qinghai showed worse performance. More generally, East areas are more efficient in production while the west rank the last with central areas ranking in between during the period studied. Policies should be established to further promote production efficiency.

In order to increase the cost and material conditions as little as possible for improving the efficiency of the motor, and reduce the losses of the motor. This paper have YE3-132S-6X3 super-efficient motor loss analysis first. According to the characteristics of its loss analysis, this paper change the motor slot coordination, and through the finite element analysis, further has carried on the design of slot type and winding. Finally, in order to further reduce iron loss, this paper uses the new type of silicon steel, and then by comparing with the finite element analysis and experimental tests found YE3-132S-6X3 motor efficiency have achieved the purpose of the ultra-super efficient, and other performance parameters can also meet the requirements.

This paper employs non-radial super-efficiency model using the slacks-based measure to analyze performance of eighteen main Chinese commercial banks, including five state-owned banks and thirteen joint-stock banks. This measure will rank those banks on their performance between 2006 and 2012. Results show that among state-owned banks, the efficiency of the Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) is relatively best and that of the Bank of China (BOC) is relatively worst. Among joint-stock banks, the Bank of Beijing (BOB) is most efficient relative to the other joint-stock banks and the efficiencies of the Bank of Nanjing (BON) and Ningbo Commercial Bank (NCB) are least efficient relative to the other joint-stock banks. Moreover, the overall efficiency mean of the state-owned banks exceeds that of the joint-stock banks in 2008, 2010, 2011 and 2012. When viewing the overall ranking, except for ABC, the other four state-owned banks scored lower relative to the other commercial banks in 2006, 2007 and 2009. Since 2009, the ranking of each bank fluctuates with the exception that BOB remains ranked at number one.

Cold chain management (CCM) is a system in which perishable products are managed. For the success of transportation system of CCM, optimal selection of vehicle is a significant subject. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) can be used for vehicle selection problems. However, in this particular area, conventional DEA models are faced with difficulties. The problem are: 1) dual-role factors which classical DEA models cannot deal with them; 2) comparing decision making units (DMUs) with virtual DMUs (not with actual DMUs); 3) tie between DMUs (i.e., many DMUs are recognised efficient; 4) infeasibility of DEA ranking model for certain data. In this paper, a new procedure is developed to rectify the mentioned shortcomings. The proposed procedure, which utilises free disposal hull (FDH) technology, is a super-efficiency approach to provide a full ranking of efficient DMUs in the presence of dual-role factors. A case study illustrates application of the proposed procedure.

Considering the economy and the carbon constraint goals, this paper constructs an input-output index system for the Chinese remanufacturing logistics network, and proposes a location model for the remanufacturing logistics network based on super-efficiency DEA. And in the Chinese practical example of remanufacturing logistics network location, super-efficiency DEA model is improved, investment efficiencies of the options are evaluated and analyzed, thus provides a basis for enterprises' decision making of remanufacturing logistics network design and construction. This paper proves the rationality and effectiveness of super-efficiency DEA on the network location problem considering the economy and environmental constraints.

The concepts of efficiency and productivity are of vital importance in a world of limited resources. In this study, the productivity of state universities in Turkey is determined through data envelopment analysis, and the universities are ordered according to efficiency using a super efficiency model. Then, factors affecting efficiency are examined by Tobit and beta regression analysis; the results obtained from the two different methods are analyzed on a comparative basis. In the study, data from the 2014–2015 academic year are utilized to measure the training efficiency of 43 state universities in Turkey. As a result of data envelopment analysis, Gebze Technical University, Anadolu University, Middle East Technical University, İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul University, Marmara University, Hacettepe University, Gazi University, Ankara University, and Ege University are found to be effective universities. Generally, 22% of state universities are found to be effective. In terms of the criteria discussed in this study, Cumhuriyet University has the lowest efficiency value. According to the results of the Tobit and beta regression and h-index, the number of graduated students improves the efficiency value of state universities, while the presence of medical schools decreases the efficiency value., Etkinlik ve verimlilik kavramları, kaynakların sınırlı olduğu dünyamızda büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki devlet üniversitelerinin verimliliği veri zarflama analizi ile belirlenmiş ve süper-etkinlik modeli ile üniversiteler etkinlik açısından sıralanmıştır. Ardından etkinliğe etki eden faktörler tobit ve beta regresyon analizleri ile incelenmiş ve iki farklı yöntemden elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı olarak irdelenmiştir. Çalışmada, Türkiye’de eğitim veren 43 devlet üniversitesinin etkinlik ölçümü için 2014-2015 öğretim yılı verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Veri zarflama analizi sonucunda, Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara Üniversitesi ve Ege Üniversitesi’nin etkin üniversiteler olduğu görülmüştür. Genel olarak devlet üniversitelerinin %22’sinin etkin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu araştırmada ele alınan ölçütler açısından, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi en düşük etkinlik değerine sahiptir. Tobit ve beta regresyon sonuçlarına göre, h-indeksi, lisansüstü mezun sayısı değişkenlerinin devlet üniversitelerinin etkinlik değerini artırırken, tıp fakültesinin varlığı değişkeninin üniversitenin etkinlik değerini azalttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

The competition in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry is high, especially in the perishable goods sector. Manufacturers need to compete for the market share as the demand is limited. For companies to have competitive advantage, they need to operate efficiently, and ranking their production lines will help identify the efficient and most important lines that contribute to their efficiency. This study aims to evaluate efficiency and ranking of production lines by incorporating both operational and quality factors using Ranking models in Data Envelopment Analysis (DAE). A new Modified ranking model is proposed by comparing standard ranking model and modified DAE models. Standard ranking model and modified version are used on a data which collocated from a beverage producing company in Cyprus. It is shown that the modified model will help to identify the efficient production lines. Also the results of the study will help management in proper resources distribution for efficiency improvement and budget planning. The study shows that can production line is the most efficient production line among the five production lines evaluated under standard and modified DAE models, and Pet-2 and Premix line are ranked among the highest by the modified ranking models. The analysis shows that, to improve the efficiency and rank of production lines, combination of operational and quality factor needs to be improved together. Keywords: data envelopment analysis, production lines, quality factors, operational factors, modified BCC, super efficiency. ÖZ: Hızlı Hareketli Tüketim Malları (HHTM) sektöründeki rekabet, özellikle bozulabilir mal sektöründe yüksektir. Üreticilerin talep sınırlı olduğundan pazar payı için rekabet etmeleri gerekir. Şirketler rekabet avantajı elde edebilmek için etkin bir şekilde çalışmalıdır ve şirketlerin verimliliklerine katkıda bulunacak olan verimli ve en önemli hatları belirlemek için üretim hatlarını sıralamak şirketlere yardımcı olacaktır. Bu çalışma, Veri Zarflamaları Analizinde (DAE) Sıralama modellerini kullanarak operasyonel ve kalite faktörlerini birleştirerek üretim hatlarının verimliliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yeni Modified ranking modeli, standart sıralama modelini ve modifiye DAE modellerini karşılaştırarak önerilmektedir. Kıbrıs'taki bir içecek üreten şirketin bir araya getirdiği bir veri üzerinde standart sıralama modeli ve modifiye edilmiş versiyon kullanılır. Değiştirilen modelin verimli üretim hatlarının belirlenmesine yardımcı olacağı gösterilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, yönetimin etkinlik geliştirme ve bütçe planlaması için uygun kaynak dağılımında yardımcı olacaktır. Çalışma, hem standart hem de modifiye DAE modelleri altında değerlendirilen beş üretim hattı arasında teneke üretim hattının en verimli üretim olduğunu ve Pet-2 ve Premix hattının modifiye modeli ile en yüksek üretim seviyesine geldiğini göstermektedir. Analiz, diğer üretim hattının verimliliğini artırmak için operasyonel ve kalite faktörünün birlikte geliştirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: veri zarflama analizi, üretim hatları, kalite faktörleri, operasyonel faktörler, modifiye BCC, süper verimlilik. Master of Science in Industrial Engineering. Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial Engineering, 2017. Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Sahand Daneshvar.

In the field of occupation sports, the coach is the compass. If there is no coaches for guidance, the athletes-training direction is not clear, the harder training, the more inefficient. If athlete lost the direction, quick action can be very dangerous. The important role of coaches is self-evident, but because of the special nature of the work of coaches, an athlete training success is difficult to accurately measure the efforts of athletes and coaches, which caused the coaches had mass phenomenon, while the occupation moral constraints coaches’ behavior alone is insufficiency. Therefore, how to assess the quality and ability of coaches has become a problem in sports. Based on the study of the coaches competency model in the previous, and take the economics calculation method of the super efficiency DEA as data mining method, calculated by the computer, effectively reduce the complexity of the algorithm, directly linked the coach's competence and training outcomes and then calculate the training efficiency, to explore a method for considering the level of coaches.

Este artigo tem por objetivo desenvolver e aplicar um modelo GPDEA-CCR da Programação por Metas e Análise por Envoltória de Dados (Goal Programming and Data Envelopment Analysis - GPDEA) para avaliar a eficiência do processo de contratação de embarcações offshore de uma empresa petrolífera. Este problema contempla vários requisitos técnicos, econômicos e legais que são necessários às operações logísticas offshore e já foi tratado por outros autores que adotaram um modelo tradicional da DEA-CCR. Foi abordado um problema real disponível na literatura envolvendo vinte embarcações candidatas à contratação pela empresa que foram consideradas como sendo as Unidades Tomadoras de Decisão (Decision Making Units – DMUs) e, para cada uma delas, foram analisadas sete (7) variáveis, sendo duas (2) variáveis de entrada (inputs) e cinco (5) variáveis de saída (outputs). Os inputs avaliados para cada embarcação foram: o valor do custo diário de afretamento e o consumo de combustível. Os outputs avaliados para cada embarcação foram: a capacidade total de armazenamento de água potável; a capacidade total de armazenamento de óleo diesel; a capacidade total de armazenamento de carga de convés; a potência máxima contínua de propulsão, e a velocidade máxima a ser atingida durante a navegação. Os dois modelos, DEA-CCR e GPDEA-CCR, foram aplicados à mesma base de dados e compararam-se os seus desempenhos quanto à escolha da DMU (embarcação) mais interessante de ser contratada pela empresa. Observou-se que a aplicação da GPDEA permitiu uma melhor discriminação das alternativas analisadas, facilitando a tomada de decisão na contratação das embarcações offshore para uma empresa petrolífera. Foram testados também os conceitos da Fronteira Padrão, da Fronteira Invertida, da Fronteira Composta Normalizada e da Supereficiência para melhorar a discriminação das DMUs por ambos os modelos.

The following research is aimed at evaluating the performance of domestic airports in Saudi Arabia with the help of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), based on outputs and inputs of the airports . A total of 21 domestic airports in Saudi Arabia were evaluated. The inputs were represented by such variables as Total Airport Capacity, Operation Cost and Number of Routs, whereas Numbers of Movement, Passengers and Cargo were considered as outputs. According to the results of the research, only ten airports of those under study are purely technically efficient. Eleven airports were found inefficient. The Super efficiency model was used to conduct ranking of efficient airports.

We exploit the natural distinction between the attacking and defensive aspects of tennis to get a better understanding of the origins of relative inefficiency. Attacking is simply when a player is serving and defending is when a player is returning serve. We use data envelopment analysis to compute the attacking, defensive and overall efficiencies of the top 100 male professional players for the 2009 season. An analysis of the efficiency scores using non-parametric kernel smoothing suggests that there are four groups of players in the sample—those that are relatively efficient in attack and defence; those that are relatively inefficient in attack and defence; and those that are relatively efficient in attack or defence. Truncated regression equations for the technical and super attacking, defensive and overall efficiencies as a function of off-court variables (e.g. height, age, etc.) suggest that being a left-handed player has a significant positive effect on the overall efficiencies.

This study suggests consulting directions for non-profit private organizations which were found to be inefficient in the efficiency analysis for the public activities support projects on those organizations performed by the Korean government. An ANOVA analysis on seven types of public activities support projects showed that there were differences among those types. By applying CCB-I, BCC-I, Super efficiency models among DEA, performance efficiencies were analyzed. Four input elements (age of the organization, supported amount, number of members, and the number of workers) and three output elements (project scores, financial scores, and comprehensive scores) were analyzed, and high efficient organizations were found as benchmarking objects, and, through super efficiency analysis, those objects were classified into short, mid, and long-term objects. Through such methods, this research provided organizations with the best information on other organizations to learn from and improve themselves.

In this paper, we investigate the scalarization of $$\epsilon $$ ∈ -super efficient solutions of set-valued optimization problems in real ordered linear spaces. First, in real ordered linear spaces, under the assumption of generalized cone subconvexlikeness of set-valued maps, a dual decomposition theorem is established in the sense of $$\epsilon $$ ∈ -super efficiency. Second, as an application of the dual decomposition theorem, a linear scalarization theorem is given. Finally, without any convexity assumption, a nonlinear scalarization theorem characterized by the seminorm is obtained.

The traditional CCR or BCC model in DEA for DMU assessment often come out with multiple efficiency units, which cause problems in rank ordering. There fore, we intended to improve level of discriminatio n among Decision Making Units (DMUs). The present study thus seeks to solve the above-mentioned problems of discrimination and infeasible solutions in A-P s uper-efficient mode by proposing a feasible linear programming approach. In addition, for the nonlinea r problem, using (1-α)/(1+ β), in the objective function and constrains of the general model when applying SE in DEA, an improved linear programming solution mode is proposed, along with the assessment model of dominated decision making units to solve the prob lem of infeasible solution. Through the results of proo f and calculation on the data in the given example, the present study proposes linear programming solution mode suitable for input-oriented, output-oriented a nd nonoriented model, respectively and such a linear prog ramming solution model can substantially improve and solve the above mentioned problems of discrimination and infeasible solutions.

Article history: Received 5 January 2014 Received in revised format 8 March 2014 Accepted 11 March 2014 Available online 12 March 2014 Measuring the relative efficiency of banking industry has been a popular subject among both practitioners and academicians. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely applied for different purposes. This paper presents an empirical investigation to measure the relative efficiency of various banks located in province of Semnan, Iran. The proposed study uses DEA method to rank all units and using Anderson and Peterson method (1993) [Andersen, P., & Petersen, N. C. (1993). A procedure for ranking efficient units in data envelopment analysis. Management Science, 39, 1261-1264], we provide some super efficiency for inefficient units. The study also provides reference numbers for inefficient units and gives some target values for all inefficient units. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Based on the R&D activities of Shanghai’s high-tech industries during 2010 to 2012, this paper uses super efficiency DEA model to analyze and evaluate the R&D efficiency of Shanghai’s high-tech industries. The results show that the R&D efficiency of Shanghai’s high-tech industries has dissimilitude. The R&D efficiency values of some high-tech industries are relatively low. There are many redundancies of R&D personnel input. The input and output structure needs to be optimized. Based on this, the paper summarizes the problems in the R&D activities of Shanghai’s high-tech industries and puts forward some countermeasures.

In this paper, the technical efficiency and the super-efficiency of a representative sample of the commercial banking institutions in Slovakia is analysed with the aid of well-known radial and non-radial DEA models: (i) the BCC model of Banker, Charnes and Cooper; (ii) the SBM model of Tone; and (iii) the super-efficiency SBM model of Tone. This paper differs from the so far published literature, as it extends the application of the BCC and the SBM model by the super-efficiency SBM model which is able also to rank efficient units. Two implications of gained results for managerial and regulatory purposes are then drawn. First, the management of the banking institutions with the poorest performances should change their managerial procedures and adopt enhanced-incentive policy. Second, the regulatory body should foresee an effort of the banking institutions licenced by the local central bank to become the branch office of the foreign bank.

Duration, cost and quality are three important main indexes to measure the comprehensive benefit of the construction engineering project, the comprehensive equilibrium optimization of which is great of significance. With simple process and clear results, non-radial super-efficiency DEA is an algorithm for studying the input and output, which considers the resource constraints and decision-maker preferences. By introducing this algorithm into the field of comprehensive optimization of engineering project, the multi-objective comprehensive optimization model of quality, cost and duration is established and the solution is obtained by using non-radial super-efficiency DEA model, thus completing the order of different construction schemes and realizing comprehensive optimization of engineering projects. Finally, through one application example, the solution is obtained by using LINGO software, which has proved the effectiveness of the optimization method and provided support to the decision-making of the project.

This study aims to measure the comprehensive, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of urban land use of China’s 35 mega cities from 2008 to 2015 and reveal their temporal and spatial characteristics of urban land use efficiency (ULUE) using a super efficiency slack-based measure (SBM) model. Results show that 1) the ULUE level of China’s 35 mega cities is relatively low, and the pure technical efficiency is a major influencing factor of the comprehensive efficiency. 2) From a temporal perspective, the comprehensive, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of the 35 mega cities all show a trend of slow growth; the average annual growth rates of these efficiencies are 1.07%, 0.24%, and 1.16%. 3) From a spatial perspective, the ULUE levels are quite different and show certain regional patterns. 4) The distribution of scale efficiency of urban land use in China is becoming increasingly dispersed from 2008 to 2015, whereas the distribution of pure technical efficiency is becoming increasingly concentrated in the same period. Estimations on pure technical and scale efficiencies are important to investigate the deep-rooted causes of land use inefficiency for filling an important knowledge gap in ULUE studies.

The super-efficiency data envelopment analysis model is innovative in evaluating the performance of crude oil prices&rsquo, volatility forecasting models. This multidimensional ranking, which takes account of multiple criteria, gives rise to a unified decision as to which model performs best. However, the rankings are unreliable because some efficiency scores are infeasible solutions in nature. What&rsquo, s more, the desirability of indexes is worth discussing so as to avoid incorrect rankings. Hence, herein we introduce four models, which address the issue of undesirable characteristics of indexes and infeasibility of the super efficiency models. The empirical results reveal that the new rankings are more robust and quite different from the existing results.

This paper develops a new network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model that simultaneously integrates the non-convex metafrontier and undesirable outputs and which is super efficient at performing dynamic network slacks-based measures. The model is employed to discuss the efficiency of 36 commercial banks in China during the years 2010&ndash, 2014. The efficiency of these banks shows significant heterogeneity and the efficiency of most foreign banks has much room for improvement. Regarding both the non-convex metafrontier and the group frontier, state-owned banks perform the best, followed by joint-stock banks, with foreign banks performing the worst, the same is true for the technology gap ratios. The empirical results produced by the feasible generalized least squares estimation method indicate that liquidity and scale effects exert positive impacts on bank efficiency. An alternative estimation method confirmed that the conclusions were robust.

In this study investigates how well Turkish National Team do in the 2017 Women’s European Volleyball Championship play up to their potential. To compare the potentials of the teams at the end of the championship and to determine the extent to which they reflect their current potential to this ranking. It is also possible to compare the ranking of the teams at the end of the championship with the data envelopment analysis and determine how much they reflect their current potential to this ranking. For the technical analysis of the Turkish National Team and their competitors in the 2017 Women's European Volleyball Championships, the scoreboard method was used for 21 matches. For efficiency analysis, data of 36 matches were calculated using data envelopment analysis. The data obtained for the efficiency analysis were separated as service, headline, attack and block and taken from the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). The obtained results in Serbia, Netherlands, Turkey and Azerbaijan among the most rated teams is seen. Besides, it was seen that the ranking in the championship and super efficiency score ranking not the same. The Turkish national team completed the tournament as a third place may be due to the high performance difference in the field compared to the other teams. As a result, the results obtained from the data envelopment analysis with this study are important because it will enable them to determine their targets in the following seasons over the current potential of the team. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file . Ozet Bu calismada; 2017 kadinlar Avrupa Voleybol Sampiyonasina katilan Turk milli takiminin saha ici performanslarinin sahip olduklari potansiyellerine ne kadar yakin oldugu olculmeye calisilmistir. Sampiyona bitiminde takimlarin potansiyellerini karsilastirmak ve mevcut potansiyellerini bu siralamaya ne kadar yansittiklarini belirlemektir. Calismada 2017 Kadinlar Avrupa Voleybol Sampiyonasinda yer alan Turk Milli Takiminin ve rakiplerinin teknik analizi icin 21 mac ceteleme yontemi kullanilmistir. Etkinlik analizi icin, 36 macin verileri VZA (veri zarflama analizi) kullanilarak hesaplanmistir. Etkinlik analizi icin elde edilen veriler servis, manset, hucum ve blok olarak ayrilmis olup Avrupa Voleybol Konfederasyonu’nun (C.E.V.) sitesinden alinmistir. Elde edilen sonuclarda Sirbistan, Hollanda, Turkiye ve Azerbaycan’in en cok sayi alan takimlar arasinda oldugu gorulmektedir. Bunun yaninda sampiyonadaki siralama ile hesaplanan super etkinlik siralamasinin birbiri ile ortusmedigi gorulmustur. Turk milli takiminin turnuvayi 3. bitirmesi, diger takimlara oranla saha ici performans farkinin yuksek olmasindan kaynaklanabilir. Sonuc olarak, bu calisma ile veri zarflama analizinden elde edilen sonuclar takimin mevcut potansiyeli uzerinden gelecek sezonlardaki hedeflerini belirlemeye imkan saglayacagi icin onemlidir.

Malaysian community colleges play a significant role in achieving Malaysia's vision to be a developed country in 2020. For this reason, their efficiency should appropriately be measured. However, their efficiency measurement using a conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is not appropriate since some of their inputs; e.g., entrant and enrolment students are non-discretionary while a part of output of their graduate employability is discretionary. This paper thus proposes an alternative approach of super efficiency slack-based measure for the case of non-discretionary factors in DEA. The proposed approach was used to evaluate the efficiency of 25 main campuses of Malaysian community colleges from 2012 to 2013. The results support the decision maker of Malaysian community colleges to discriminate and rank efficient and inefficient community colleges in the presence of both super efficiency and non-discretionary factors. The significance of inputs-outputs on efficiency status was tested by sensitivity analysis.

This paper proposes a super-efficiency model for measuring aggregative efficiency of multi-period production systems. The proposed model does not require any information on price data or preferential weighings of inputs and outputs over multiple periods and able to measure aggregative efficiency of multi-period production systems. The model computes efficiency score of each decision making unit (DMU) in each period. At the same time, the model classifies DMUs and ranks the fully efficient ones. Besides, the model provides a new technique for reducing the computational complexity of a recently introduced model. The proposed method is illustrated with a numerical example and proves to be effective and practical.

The conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) assumes that the inputs and outputs are real values. However, in many real world instances, some inputs and outputs must be in integer values. While integer-valued DEA models have been proposed, the current paper develops an integer-valued DEA super-efficiency model. Super-efficiency DEA models are known to have the problem of infeasibility. Recent studies have shown that directional distance function (DDF) based super-efficiency does not seem to have the infeasibility issue. However, the existing DDF DEA approach cannot be directly modified to incorporate integer values under the concept of super-efficiency. The current paper thus modifies the DDF approach so that integer values can be incorporated under the concept of super-efficiency. Our proposed approach is then applied to evaluating mood and its impact on performance. We use both traditional methods as well as the new DEA model to calculate a set of scores for the constructs under the investigation. These analyses extend the application of the DEA method to judgment and decision making. In particular, the results show that the new DEA model is able to reveal subtle nuances such as the impact of mood on performance with a decision support system.

The current paper proposes a slack-based version of the Super SBM, which is an alternative super-efficiency model for the SBM proposed by Tone. Our two-stage approach provides the same super-efficiency score as that obtained by the Super SBM model when the evaluated DMU is efficient and yields the same efficiency score as that obtained by the SBM model when the evaluated DMU is inefficient. The projection identified by the Super SBM model may not be strongly Pareto efficient; however, the projection identified from our approach is strongly Pareto efficient.

The problem of infeasibility arises in conventional radial super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) models under variable returns to scale (VRS). To tackle this issue, a Nerlove–Luenberger (N–L) measure of super-efficiency is developed based on a directional distance function. Although this N–L super-efficiency model does not suffer infeasibility problem as in the conventional radial super-efficiency DEA models, it can produce an infeasible solution in two special situations. The current paper proposes to modify the directional distance function by selecting proper feasible reference bundles so that the resulting N–L measure of super-efficiency is always feasible. As a result, our modified VRS super-efficiency model successfully addresses the infeasibility issues occurring either in conventional VRS models or the N–L super-efficiency model. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate our approach and compare results obtained from various super-efficiency measures.

Some properties for K-preinvex set-valued maps in terms of normal subdifferential are obtained. Furthermore, some sufficient conditions for existence of super minimal points and necessary optimality conditions for a general kind of super efficiency are established.

The slacks-based measure (SBM) can incorporate input and output slacks that would otherwise be neglected in the classical DEA model. In parallel, the super-efficiency model for SBM (S-SBM) has been developed for the purpose of ranking SBM efficient decision-making units (DMUs). When implementing SBM in conjunction with S-SBM, however, several issues can arise. First, unlike the standard super-efficiency model, S-SBM can only solve for super-efficiency scores but not SBM scores. Second, the S-SBM model may result in weakly efficient reference points. Third, the S-SBM and SBM scores for certain DMUs may be discontinuous with a perturbation to their inputs and outputs, making it hard to interpret and justify the scores in applications and the efficiency scores may be sensitive to small changes/errors in data. Due to this discontinuity, the S-SBM model may overestimate the super-efficiency score. This paper extends the existing SBM approaches and develops a joint model (J-SBM) that addresses the above issues; namely, the J-SBM model can (1) simultaneously compute SBM scores for inefficient DMUs and super-efficiency for efficient DMUs, (2) guarantee the reference points generated by the joint model are Pareto-efficient, and (3) the J-SBM scores of a firm are continuous in the input and output space. Interestingly, the radial DEA efficiency and super-efficiency scores for a DMU are continuous in the input–output space. The J-SBM model combines the merits of the radial and SBM models (i.e., continuity and Pareto-efficiency).

The human development index (HDI) rankings have provided a referenced measure for people to choose a country in which to travel or live. This paper employs a superefficiency model to evaluate the rationality of the HDI rankings of 19 evaluated OECD countries in 2009. Compared to the HDI rankings, the efficiency rankings measured by the super-efficiency model have the following two advantages: (1) they consider the inputs that are used to generate the indicators for constructing the HDI, and decide the weights of inputs and outputs endogenously; (2) the input slacks measured by the super-efficiency model can evaluate whether the inputs are over-used and provide the improvement path of each country’s input variables. Empirical result shows that approximately 75 % of the evaluated countries had rather different results in the efficiency rankings and the HDI rankings. Additionally, the input slack shows that roughly 70 % of sample countries over-used their capital per labor relative to their existing outputs (or the HDI).

Data Reduction Factor (DRF) and the Super Efficiency DEA (SE-DEA) model are employed to study the energy saving and emission reduction efficiency of Shanxi Province. Based on Shanxi’s 2003~2010 panel data, firstly the public factors with economic significance are selected from many input and output indices by means of DRF; secondly the efficiency values during 2003~2010 are estimated by plugging the public factors, which are nonnegative after transformation by threshold method, in the input-oriented SE-DEA model; finally the DMUs are sorted and the efficiency value and scale returns of each unit are analyzed in details.

In this paper, we present a method for ranking extreme efficient decision making units (DMUs) in data envelopment analysis (DEA) models based on measuring distance between them and new PPS (after omission extreme efficient DMUs) along the input-axis or output axis.

Construction industry is a main industry in national economy, Chinese construction industry has made huge achievement, but the developments between different provinces in China are imbalanced. To compare the different efficiencies between them, data envelopment analysis and an important extended means of DEA were introduced, compared and applied in empirical analysis of Chinese construction industry efficiency between different provinces based on statistical data. Then some conclusions and advices were reached in the end.

This paper proposes a new super-efficiency model when some factors (inputs/outputs) are negative. The proposed model employs the RDM model (Portela et al, 2004) for ranking decision-making units (DMUs). Our model ranks the DMUs and determines the type of efficiency for each DMU, simultaneously

In this paper, the Turkey's Top 500 Industrial Enterprises data in 2014 were analyzed by data envelopment analysis. Data envelopment analysis is used to detect efficient decision-making units such as universities, hospitals, schools etc. by using inputs and outputs. The decision-making units in this study are enterprises. To detect efficient enterprises, some financial ratios are determined as inputs and outputs. For this reason, financial indicators related to productivity of enterprises are considered. The efficient foreign weighted owned capital enterprises are detected via super efficiency model. According to the results, it is said that Mercedes-Benz is the most efficient foreign weighted owned capital enterprise in Turkey., {"references":["Erdogan, A. I. (2013). Applying factor analysis on the financial ratios of Turkey's top 500 industrial enterprises. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(9).","Özdemir, A. D., Düzgün, R. Türkiye'deki otomobil firmalarının sermaye yapısına göre etkinlik analizi, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 23(1).","Tezcan, N. (2010). Verimliliği etkileyen faktörlerin analizi: Türkiye'nin 500 büyük sanayi kuruluşu üzerinde bir uygulama. Verimlilik Dergisi, 2010(3), 7-19.","Düzgün, R., & Taşçı, H. M. Türk İşletmelerinin İhracat Performansını Belirleyen Faktörler: İSO-500 Üzerine Bir Uygulama.","Farrell, M. J. (1957). The measurement of productive efficiency. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General), 120(3), 253-290.","Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European journal of operational research, 2(6), 429-444.","Chen, Y. and Lin, C., 2007, \"Empirical study on the efficiency analysis of Australian banks\", Banks and Bank Systems, Vol. 2 No. 4, pp. 38-49.","Kumar, S., Gulati, R., 2008, \"An Examination of Technical, Pure Technical, and Scale Efficiencies in Indian Public Sector Banks using Data Envelopment Analysis\", Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, 1 (2), 33-69.","Banker, R. D., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis. Management science, 30(9), 1078-1092. \n[10]\tCiftci, H., 2004, \"Türk Sigorta Sektörünün Sorunları; DEA Analizi ile Türk Sigorta Şirketlerinin Etkinlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi\", Çukurova Üniversitesi, SBE Dergisi, Cilt 3, Sayı 1, 121-149.\n[11]\tYen, F. L., Othman, M., 2011, \"Data Envelopment Analysis to Measure Efficiency of Hotels in Malaysia\", SEGi Review ISSN 1985-5672, Vol. 4, No. 1, 25-36\n[12]\tChen Y. C., Chiu Y. H., Huang C. W., 2010, Measuring super-efficiency of financial and nonfinancial holding companies in Taiwan: An application of DEA models, African Journal of Business Management, 4(13), 3122-3133.\n[13]\thttp://www.iso.org.tr/news/ici-announced-the-icis-turkeys-top-500-industrial-enterprises-2014-survey-results/ Accessed on 11/09/2016."]}

The main objective is to evaluate learning-teaching technical efficiency.A three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis with contextual variables is used.Super efficiency between efficient units is examined.The key performance indicators and their influence have been identified.The results also reveal that contextual variables are significant. This study evaluates the technical efficiency of the learning-teaching process in higher education using a three-stage procedure that offers advances in comparison to previous studies and improves the quality of the results. First, it utilizes a multiple stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with contextual variables. Second, the levels of super efficiency are calculated in order to prioritize the efficiency units. And finally, through sensitivity analysis, the contribution of each key performance indicator (KPI) is established with respect to the efficiency levels without omission of variables. The analytical data was collected from a survey completed by 633 tourism students during the 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 academic course years. The results suggest that level of satisfaction with the course, diversity of materials and satisfaction with the teacher were the most important factors affecting teaching performance. Furthermore, the effect of the contextual variables was found to be significant.

In the efficiency analysis of decision making units, a unit may demonstrate both positive and negative inputs and outputs data. It is also possible that some undesirable inputs have to be used to produce the desirable outputs and along with them some undesirable outputs also get produced. Moreover, the conventional data envelopment analysis models are single period. This paper presents the non-radial measure of efficiency by establishing a multi-period additive DEA model taking into consideration both desirable and undesirable inputs-outputs with positive and non-positive values. The proposed efficiency model has all the requisite features of strong disposability, translation invariance, and unit independence. The paper also develop a multi-period additive super-efficiency model to discriminate the performance of efficient decision making units.