Search

The presence of periodontal disease (PD) at a single time point has been suggested as a predictor of diabetes risk, but whether changes in PD status are associated with altered risk of diabetes is yet to be reported on a population scale. This study investigated whether recovery from or development of PD in a population is associated with an altered risk of diabetes occurrence.Data of subjects who received health screening from 2002 to 2007 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening cohort database of Korea. Patients with a history of diabetes were excluded. Changes in PD status were determined from the first two health screenings. Study subjects were divided into four groups according to the changes in PD status: PD-free, PD-recovered, PD-developed, and PD-chronic. The outcome was the occurrence of diabetes.Overall, 111,611 subjects were included for analysis. During a median follow-up of 9.10 years, diabetes developed in 6102 subjects. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident diabetes across various PD change groups (in reference to the PD-free group) were as follows: PD-chronic group = 1.096 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.026-1.170, p = .006); PD-developed group = 1.073 (95% CI 0.993-1.159, p = .075); and PD-recovered group = 1.019 (95% CI 0.945-1.100, p = .622). The subjects who recovered from PD had a lower diabetes risk than those who had consistent PD (adjusted HR 0.930, 95% CI 0.865-1.000, p = .050), whereas those who developed PD had a higher risk of diabetes than those who remained PD-free.The longitudinal change in PD status is associated with incident diabetes risk. Future intervention studies are necessary to determine whether PD treatment can prevent incident diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of detrusor overactivity (DO) on the urethral expression of caveolin (CAV)-1, -2, and -3 of urethra in an animal model of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis rat.Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the control group (n=20) and the cystitis group (n=20). Cystitis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CYP (200 mg/kg). An urodynamic study was done 3 days after the CYP injection to measure functional change of the urinary bladder and urethra. Cellular localization and expression of CAV-1, -2, and -3 in the rat urethra were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot.Results: Urodynamic experiments demonstrated a decreased contraction interval in the cystitis group compared to the control (3.9±1.0 minutes vs. 6.6±1.2 minutes, P

Purpose. In this study, we report the usefulness of implant placement with modified ridge splitting technique from three cases of patients with narrow alveolar ridge. Materials and Methods. Three patients were those who visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Ewha Medical Center for consultation regarding implant placement. Through clinical and radiographic evaluation, narrowed alveolar ridge after tooth loss was confirmed in all three patients. For them, it was necessary to use the modified ridge split technique with bone augmentation for the implant to be well placed with enough bone width. Results. In all cases, sufficient bone width was confirmed for implant placement, and bone volume was well maintained after prosthetic restoration without any complications. Initial width of alveolar bone was 4.9 mm on average and was well maintained at an average of 7.6 mm at 1-year follow-up after implant installation. Conclusion. Although the number of subjects in this case report was small and was done by only one surgeon, we suggest that modified ridge splitting technique might be a useful surgical method to enhance narrow edentulous alveolar ridges and enable successful implant placement with shorter healing period compared with single guided bone regeneration.

To date, various optimization algorithms have been used to design non-intuitive photonic structures with unconventional optical performance. Good training datasets facilitate the optimization process, particularly when an objective function has a non-convex shape containing multiple local optima in a continuous parametric space. Herein, we developed a discrete-to-continuous optimization algorithm and confirmed its validity by designing and fabricating deep-ultraviolet antireflective MgF2/LaF3 multilayers. For discrete optimization, a multilayer was encoded into a binary vector with multiple bits; a 10 nm thick MgF2 or LaF3 layer was assigned a binary digit of 0 or 1, respectively. Using the binary-based training datasets, a factorization machine formulated a surrogate function, which discovered the ground binary vector representing a near-optimal figure of merit. Then, the figure of merit was refined through continuous optimization (e.g., using an interior-point method) of the ground binary vector. MgF2/LaF3 multilayers with a variety of bit levels were created to attain a minimum average angular (0°–45°) reflectance at 193 nm. A MgF2/LaF3 multilayer optimized at ten bits (i.e., a total thickness of approximately 100 nm) yielded an average reflectance of 0.2%, which agreed well with the experimental results. Moreover, an integrated ray-wave optics simulation predicted that a single CaF2 plano-convex lens coated with the optimized multilayer could exhibit a transmittance of 99.7%. The developed optimization approach will be widely applicable to any photonic structures that can represent a binary vector with multiple bits, such as microwave metasurfaces, in addition to being useful for producing ideal optical multilayers.

Few studies have been published about handling intercultural service encounters. The limited prior publications have focused on satisfaction and dissatisfaction and have neglected the concept of inclusivity. This study reveals the sources of discriminatory services to customers who have limited English proficiency, focusing on those with limited English proficiency, and presents components that can facilitate culturally inclusive service encounters. A combination of lacking intercultural service policies and of language barriers lead to vulnerability among customers when receiving service. This study has determined that the necessary components for culturally inclusive service encounters are: a) training and granting accessibility at the organizational level and b) patience and creating needs at the individual level. From the perspective of frontline employees, culturally inclusive service encounters require integration at both organizational and individual levels. Hospitality and tourism organizations are encouraged to train frontline employees on cultural differences and to embrace technologies that enable a realization of service value among customers with limited English proficiency.

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Soma experiencing motion (Soma e-motion) program on interoceptive awareness and self-compassion among novices.Methods A total of 19 adults (clinical group=9, non-clinical group=10) participated in the intervention. Psychological and physical changes after program were qualitatively analyzed using in-depth interviews. The Korean Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (K-MAIA) and the Korean version of the Self-Compassion Scale (K-SCS) were used as quantitative measures.Results The non-clinical group showed statistically significant differences in the K-MAIA scores (z=-2.805, p0.05; K-SCS: z=-0.178, p>0.05). According to the in-depth interviews, the results of the qualitative analysis were categorized into five dimensions (psychological and emotional, physical, cognitive, behavioral, and aspects participants found challenging and needs improvement).Conclusion The Soma e-motion program was feasible for improving interoceptive awareness and self-compassion in the non-clinical group. However, further research is needed to investigate the clinical efficacy of the Soma e-motion program for clinical group.

Background and Objectives Fewer studies are available on geriatric patients’ gustatory dysfunction than on their olfactory dysfunction. Here we aimed to evaluate the relationship between subjective gustatory dysfunction and subjective or objective olfactory dysfunction according to cognitive function in geriatric patients.Subjects and Method We prospectively enrolled patients who underwent both cognitive function test and olfactory function test between August 2018 and May 2019. The correlation between subjective gustatory dysfunction and subjective olfactory dysfunction or conventional olfactory function scores was evaluated for geriatric patients with or withhout cognitive dysfunction. Participants with a threshold-discrimination-identification (TDI) score (

Jeong-Hui Park,1 Tyler Prochnow,1 Jongwha Chang,2 Sun Jung Kim3– 5 1Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA; 2Texas A&M University, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, College Station, TX, USA; 3Soonchunhyang University, College of Medical Sciences, Asan, Republic of Korea; 4Center for Healthcare Management Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Software Convergence, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Jongwha Chang, Texas A&M University, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College Station, TX, 77843, USA, Email jc2345@tamu.edu Sun Jung Kim, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medical Science, Department of Health Administration and Management, Asan, Republic of Korea, Email sunjkim0623@sch.ac.krObjective: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the common chronic diseases that occur in children and adolescents as a chronic relapsing pruritic inflammatory skin disease. This study investigated how AD is associated with stress and depressive symptoms in a large representative sample of adolescents in South Korea.Methods: The Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2019 was used in this study (n = 57,069, weighted national estimates = 2,672,170). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine significant associations between AD and mental health, measured by stress and depressive symptoms. Sub-group analysis was also conducted using various socio-economic variables.Results: Among the present sample, 6.5% of adolescents (n = 173,909) were diagnosed with AD in the past 12 months. After adjusting for other variables, AD diagnosis was associated with significantly higher odds of experiencing stress (OR = 1.43) and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.32) as compared to adolescents without AD. A similar trend is found in subgroup model analysis using socio-economic variables (ie, education levels, parent’s income levels, and residence area). Specifically, female adolescents with AD, adolescents of low socio-economic status, those reporting smoking and drinking experience, and who do not participate in regular physical activity are more vulnerable to stress and depressive symptoms.Conclusion: This is a noteworthy finding because it denotes that AD may lead to negative outcomes, like depressive symptoms or stress, which could be prevented if suspected early.Keywords: adolescent, atopic dermatitis, stress, depressive symptoms

The present study was conducted to look into the future prospects of semi-permanent makeup in Korea by comparing and investigating the perception and risk awareness of semi-permanent eyebrow makeup which is the part that is most frequently experienced and strongly impressed among the areas where semi-permanent makeup is applied. The objective of this study is to suggest a way to lower risk awareness factors for customers based on the results, and to provide data for expanding the semi-permanent makeup market from an industrial point of view by increasing accessibility and satisfaction with semi-permanent makeup. It is hoped that, through the results of this study, the perception of semi-permanent makeup for eyebrows will be identified, and risk perception factors will be removed to increase accessibility and satisfaction with semi-permanent makeup, so that the data could be utilized to expand the market for semipermanent makeup from an industrial point of view. It is also desirable if researches could be performed in various ways with an aim to legislate semi-permanent makeup.

In this study , short -circuit processes were analyzed via simulations and experiments by applying a principle that can interpret the short-circuit marks, which are the most basic inspection criteria in fire-scene investigation. According to Fleming's left-hand rule, a Lorentz force is generated when current and magnetic fields are applied. Railgun, one of the typical applications, utilizes the same basic principle for generating trajectories. Using the same concept, it was interpreted that the molten copper balls generated during a short-circuit process scatter in the load direction similar to a ballistic launch. The simulation and experimental results also confirmed that the copper balls were scattered in the load direction owing to the Lorentz force. Although it is impossible to examine the source and load during a fire-scene investigation process, the study findings will aid in predicting the load by observing the portion where the copper bulbs are relatively frequent. Thus, based on an estimation of the cause of fire, it will be possible to infer reliable results through fire-scene investigation.

This study attempted to compare the perception, future experience, and risk perception of eyebrow semi-permanent makeup by using henna cosmetics to subjects who have no experience of eyebrow semi-permanent makeup, reflecting the psychology that has the highest experience frequency and makes a strong impression. The purpose of this study is to propose a plan to lower the risk perception factor of customers as a result of this study, and to increase the accessibility and satisfaction of semi-permanent makeup as data for expanding the market of semi-permanent makeup in industrial terms. It is hoped that, through the results of this study, the perception of semi-permanent makeup for eyebrows will be identified, and risk perception factors will be removed to increase accessibility and satisfaction with semipermanent makeup, so that the data could be utilized to expand the market for semi-permanent makeup from an industrial point of view. It is also desirable if researches could be performed in various ways with an aim to legislate semi-permanent makeup.

Non-fire alarms can increase the distrust of employees toward fire signals. In particular, occurrences of non-fire alarms in large shipyards reduce employees’ work efficiency. Therefore, this study entailed an analysis of the causes of non-fire alarms through field investigations to derive a method to reduce non-fire alarms. Of the collected 985 fire signal occurrences, 569 (58%) were abnormal operations for which the causes could not be traced. Excluding these cases, 194 cases of hot work (20%) and 92 cases of water inflow (9%) accounted for the leading causes of non-fire alarms.

Nail art itself and related industry have rapidly grown and developed in parallel with societal changes. Nail art is a fashion art that helps people to reveal their own personality through the expression and depiction of various aspects of beauty, which leads to development of materials, trends, and colors every season. As choosing colors has a significant impact on nail art design, it has had various forms with trends. This research aims to develop nail art designs by combining with the 2022 New York S/S Fashion Trend Color and Nail Design, published by Pantone, the American Color Institute of Color Research, which has influenced various fields with scientific and systematic color for more than 20 years. Also the purpose of study is to provide a resource for nail art design as a basis for the technological development of nail artists. In this study, we analyzed the colors in 2022 S/S New York Fashion Week to identify trends and their use in creative and unique nail art design. By presenting contemporary nail art designs applying a variety of techniques with Pantone's fashionable colors, we can assist for nail salons to be able to perform more satisfying services for their customers, thereby enhancing the trendiness of many nail artists and contributing to the development of the nail beauty industry. In the future, we anticipate further researches on nail art design in link with colors in diverse perspectives in accordance with the importance of trendy colors.

The superficial temporal artery (STA), the terminal branch of the external carotid artery, is divided into the frontal (anterior) and parietal (posterior) branches. The frontal branch of the STA is located superficially on the anterior region of the scalp, making it especially susceptible to trauma. Here, we report a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the STA in a 7-year-old boy who was injured in a minor car accident. A physical examination showed only a small bruise on the patient’s forehead, and all vital signs were stable at the emergency room of our medical center. A facial computed tomography scan showed no significant findings. However, the boy later re-visited the hospital with slight swelling on the right forehead, and an ultrasonography scan revealed a hematoma near the right temporal artery. The resected hematoma (approximately 2 cm) was diagnosed as a traumatic pseudoaneurysm. Awareness of the possibility of a traumatic pseudoaneurysm in the STA may prevent a circumspect diagnosis in the future.

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) in veterinary surgeons using an online survey. Study Design An online survey was distributed to 1,031 diplomates of American College of Veterinary Surgeons. Responses were collected with data regarding surgical activities, experience with various types of MSS in 10 different body sites and attempts to reduce MSS. Results Two hundred and twelve respondents (21% response rate) completed the distributed survey in 2021. Ninety-three per cent of respondents had experienced MSS associated with surgery in at least one body part, with the neck, lower back and upper back frequently affected. Musculoskeletal discomfort and pain worsened with prolonged surgical hours. Forty-two per cent of them suffered from chronic pain persisting longer than 24 hours after surgeries. Musculoskeletal discomfort was common regardless of practice emphasis and procedure types. Forty-nine per cent of respondents with musculoskeletal pain had taken medication, 34% sought physical therapy for MSS and 38% ignored the symptoms. Over 85% of respondents showed more than some concern regarding career longevity due to musculoskeletal pain. Clinical Significance Work-related MSS are common in veterinary surgeons, and the results of this study warrant longitudinal clinical studies to determine risk factors and attention to workplace ergonomics in veterinary surgery.