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Tropical biomes such as Brazilian Cerrado and Amazon Forest have a great diversity of fungi and insects. Interactions between these organisms can be beneficial to both partners. In streams, these interactions contribute to litter decomposition. Studying the digestive tract (DT) of shredder insects as a habitat for fungal microorganisms is an opportunity to obtain fungal strains with biotechnological potential, which may help to understand the symbiotic relationships between these organisms in tropical forests. This study investigated the fungal community in the DT of larvae of Triplectides (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) collected in low-order streams in the Cerrado and Amazon Forest biomes in Brazil. Forty-nine fungal isolates were obtained and identified among 32 species and 12 genera. The genus Roussoella was only found in the DT of insects in Amazon Forest streams, while 7 genera only occurred in the DT of insects in Cerrado streams. The genus Penicillium (40%) was the most frequent. In the Cerrado, 78% were producers of CMCase, more than two-fold that in the Amazon Forest (35%). And 62% were producers of xylanase, in the Cerrado and 71% in the Amazon Forest. In this context, the fungal community in the DT of Triplectides larvae may play an important role in the insect diet by breaking down lignocellulosic material.

Este estudo buscou conhecer o potencial da nanopart��cula de ouro como sistema de libera����o controlada para o f��rmaco antineopl��sico docetaxel. Trata-se de uma revis��o narrativa com abordagem explorat��ria, qualitativa e descritiva dos dados. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados: BDENF, LILACS e SCIELO, acessadas por meio da busca avan��ada na BVS. Utilizou-se os descritores associados pelos operadores booleanos: Docetaxel AND C��ncer��� e ���Nanopart��cula de ouro OR Tratamento AND C��ncer OR Decotaxel AND Encapsulamento OR Terap��utica������, incluindo, teses, disserta����es e artigos originais dispon��veis na ��ntegra no formato on-line, publicados na ��ntegra entre os anos de 2016 a 2021.De acordo com os crit��rios de elegibilidade, foram inclusos 07 artigos neste estudo. Nessa perspectiva, o c��ncer �� uma das doen��as mais devastadoras do mundo, no entanto, uma melhor compreens��o da biologia do tumor e melhores dispositivos de diagn��stico podem levar a melhores resultados terap��uticos, os sistemas de libera����o controlada associada ao decotaxel vem demonstrando um grande potencial para reduzir a toxicidade e aumentar os efeitos terap��uticos da droga. Portanto, a biotecnologia vem tornando poss��vel, atrav��s de nanocarreadores e nanopart��culas de ouro contendo f��rmacos antineopl��sicos como o docetaxel, favorecendo dessa forma a libera����o controlada e monitorada na terap��utica do c��ncer e menos efeitos colaterais ao paciente.

Increasing evidence supports the involvement of DNA damage in several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Elevated levels of DNA damage are consistently observed in both sporadic and familial forms of ALS and may also play a role in Western Pacific ALS, which is thought to have an environmental cause. The cause of DNA damage in ALS remains unclear but likely differs between genetic subgroups. Repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene is the most common genetic cause of familial ALS and responsible for about 10% of sporadic cases. These genetic mutations are known to cause R-loops, thus increasing genomic instability and DNA damage, and generate dipeptide repeat proteins, which have been shown to lead to DNA damage and impairment of the DNA damage response. Similarly, several genes associated with ALS including TARDBP, FUS, NEK1, SQSTM1 and SETX are known to play a role in DNA repair and the DNA damage response, and thus may contribute to neuronal death via these pathways. Another consistent feature present in both sporadic and familial ALS is the ability of astrocytes to induce motor neuron death, although the factors causing this toxicity remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarise the evidence for DNA damage playing a causative or secondary role in the pathogenesis of ALS as well as discuss the possible mechanisms involved in different genetic subtypes with particular focus on the role of astrocytes initiating or perpetuating DNA damage in neurons.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2021-08-10T19:12:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 C?NTIA DE SANTANA SOUZA.pdf: 13985998 bytes, checksum: cd359efdb91ef6018dfec159deba6593 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-10T19:12:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 C?NTIA DE SANTANA SOUZA.pdf: 13985998 bytes, checksum: cd359efdb91ef6018dfec159deba6593 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-06-24 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES Brazilian housing policies produced many units in the last decades and promoted or started the slum upgrading of numerous precarious settlements. However, the constant interruptions of the interventions, associated with demand more significant than the government's capacity to attend it, changes in its management process, and decreasing public financial resources limit the possibility of the poor achieving the rights to the city and housing. Unfinished infrastructure/ upgrading works frustrates the population affected since fundamental phases are not completed, such as: the substitution or adaptation of precarious housing units, the complete sanitation network and services or infrastructure works to improve areas at risk of landslides or flooding. The work halt can further worsen the health conditions of the settlements. This research investigates the implementation of social housing programs in three municipalities of the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (RMC). The objective is to recognize the consequences of the discontinuity of slum upgrading programs in the affected population's life and expectations. Also, we intend to verify the level of integration with other public policies to minimize social inequalities and enable social justice. The hypothesis is that the constant interruptions in housing policies give to the citizens affected the understanding that it is possible to achieve this basic need using only their resources, which would not be accomplished without the State's commitment. The method includes: (a) interviews with residents of four consolidated settlements (Vila Parolin and Vila Torres in the city of Curitiba; Vila Zumbi in Colombo and Guarituba in Piraquara) and comparison with results from 2015 interviews conducted in previous work; (b) news reported on websites and in the newspapers about the continuity and/or interruption of interventions; (c) official documents from public agencies and; (d) theoretical texts from researchers who have focused on the subject. Among the results achieved, we highlight the following: (i) the different perception of the residents according to the results or incompleteness of the basic infrastructure works, which impacts the relationship of trust or distrust established with the public authorities. The level of satisfaction of Guaritubas's interviewees was higher because the works are in progress, and the expectation is for its conclusion. In Vila Parolin, which had its slum upgrading interrupted, dissatisfaction was high due to the deficiencies of the partially executed services. In the other two areas, residents consider the services satisfactory, with criticisms about the quality of the intervention and; (ii) In the dialogues, the interviewees mentioned that employment, transportation and public equipment are elements considered to select the best location and the commuting conditions of the workers in the city. Although the best locations are often affordable to the higher classes, low-income families have similar needs. The conclusion is that the residents consider the State responsible for solving their housing problems. However, for the residents and leaders, the struggle is constant, and the housing movements play a fundamental role in organizing the population and conquering the rights of this population. As pol?ticas habitacionais brasileiras produziram um n?mero significativo de unidades nas ?ltimas d?cadas e promoveram ou iniciaram a urbaniza??o de in?meros assentamentos prec?rios. No entanto, as constantes interrup??es das interven??es, associadas a demandas superiores ? capacidade do governo em atend?-las; mudan?as em seu processo de gest?o e; diminui??o dos recursos financeiros p?blicos limitam a possibilidade das fam?lias pobres alcan?arem os plenos direitos ? cidade e ? moradia. A urbaniza??o incompleta frustra a popula??o envolvida, visto que etapas fundamentais deixam de ser executadas, como: a substitui??o ou adequa??o de habita??es prec?rias e a implementa??o parcial dos servi?os de saneamento ou conten??o de riscos. A paralisa??o das obras pode agravar ainda mais as condi??es de salubridade das ocupa??es. Esta pesquisa investiga a implementa??o de programas de habita??o social em tr?s munic?pios da Regi?o Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC). O objetivo ? reconhecer as consequ?ncias das descontinuidades dos programas de urbaniza??o de favelas na vida e nas expectativas da popula??o afetada. Al?m disso, verifica-se o n?vel de integra??o com outras pol?ticas p?blicas, como forma de minimizar as desigualdades sociais e possibilitar a justi?a social. A hip?tese ? que as constantes interrup??es nas pol?ticas habitacionais d?o aos cidad?os afetados o entendimento de que ? poss?vel atingir essa necessidade b?sica utilizando apenas recursos pr?prios, o que n?o seria realizado sem o compromisso do Estado. O m?todo inclui: (a) entrevistas com moradores de quatro assentamentos prec?rios consolidados (Vila Parolin e Vila Torres, na cidade de Curitiba; Vila Zumbi dos Palmares, em Colombo, e Guarituba, em Piraquara) e compara??o com os resultados das entrevistas realizadas em 2015, em trabalho anterior; (b) not?cias divulgadas em sites e jornais sobre a continuidade e / ou interrup??o das interven??es; (c) documentos oficiais de ?rg?os p?blicos e; (d) textos te?ricos de pesquisadores que se concentraram no assunto. Dentre os resultados alcan?ados, destacamos: (i) a percep??o dos moradores difere segundo os resultados ou incompletudes das urbaniza??es, que impacta na rela??o de confian?a ou desconfian?a estabelecida com o poder p?blico. O n?vel de satisfa??o dos entrevistados no Guarituba foi mais elevado porque as obras est?o em andamento e a expectativa ? pela conclus?o da interven??o. Na Vila Parolin, que teve a obra interrompida, o grau de insatisfa??o foi elevado em decorr?ncia das defici?ncias dos servi?os executados parcialmente. Nas outras duas ?reas, os moradores consideram os servi?os satisfat?rios, com cr?ticas sobre a qualidade da interven??o e; (ii) Nos di?logos percebe-se que o emprego, o transporte e os equipamentos p?blicos se relacionam com as escolhas pela melhor localiza??o e as condi??es de deslocamento dos habitantes na cidade. Apesar das melhores localiza??es serem atribu?das ?s classes mais altas, as fam?lias de baixa renda possuem necessidades coincidentes. Conclui-se que os moradores consideram o Estado respons?vel pelo equacionamento dos problemas relacionados ? moradia. Por?m, para os moradores e lideran?as, a luta ? constante e os movimentos de moradia exercem um papel fundamental na organiza??o da popula??o e na conquista de seus direitos.