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1,884 results on '"Smith, M.‐L."'

201. Recent advances inβ-decay spectroscopy at CARIBU

Author

Mitchell, A. J., primary, Copp, P., additional, Savard, G., additional, Lister, C. J., additional, Lane, G. J., additional, Carpenter, M. P., additional, Clark, J. A., additional, Zhu, S., additional, Ayangeakaa, A. D., additional, Bottoni, S., additional, Brown, T. B., additional, Chowdhury, P., additional, Chillery, T. W., additional, David, H. M., additional, Hartley, D. J., additional, Heckmaier, E., additional, Janssens, R. V. F., additional, Kolos, K., additional, Kondev, F. G., additional, Lauritsen, T., additional, McCutchan, E. A., additional, Norman, E. B., additional, Padgett, S., additional, Scielzo, N. D., additional, Seweryniak, D., additional, Smith, M. L., additional, and Wilson, G. L., additional

Published
2016
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217. The Political Economy of the Provos: Inside the Finances of the Provisional IRA--A Revision.

Author

Woodford, Isabel and Smith, M. L. R.

Subjects
*ECONOMICS, *CAPITAL, *FUNDRAISING, *GANGS, *TERRORISM financing
Abstract

Few academically rigorous accounts exist of the financial activities that sustained the rise of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) during the Northern Ireland Troubles. Through a sustained methodology this study seeks to challenge some popular preconceptions and address omissions in the limited historical record. The article explores the organization's evolving financial sophistication by analyzing PIRA's acquisition of capital rather than its arms dealings. Using a new quantitative evaluation, this investigation confronts the prevailing understanding that Irish-American funds were of unrivaled significance to PIRA. It points to an array of domestic fund-raisers that collectively provided the overwhelming bulk of revenue. The study reveals also how PIRA developed an extensive reliance on criminal gangs for its expertise in illegal fund-raising, suggesting that moneymaking schemes were perceived as a necessary but unpopular byproduct of the greater political objective. Finally, this article briefly explores how the British authorities sought to interdict PIRA's funding. While the general perception is that little was done to counteract PIRA's financing initiatives in the early phases of its violent campaign, this study, nevertheless, reveals that a subtle counterfinance initiative did take place in Belfast across the 1970s. Overall, the analysis enables a more rounded comprehension of the group's financial resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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218. Strong terahertz emission from (100) p-type InAs.

Author

Mendis, R., Smith, M. L., Bignell, L. J., Vickers, R. E. M., and Lewis, R. A.

Subjects
*INDIUM arsenide, *DOPED semiconductor superlattices, *CRYSTALS, *ANISOTROPY, *HETEROSTRUCTURES, *NEAR infrared spectroscopy, *SUPERLATTICES
Abstract

Terahertz emission has been observed from (100) Zn-acceptor-doped InAs under illumination by fs pulses of near-infrared radiation. Turning the crystal about the surface normal produces two maxima per rotation, whether the angle of incidence is 45° or 75°, in contrast to (111) p-InAs, where three maxima per rotation have been reported. The emitted terahertz power has a quadratic variation with the pump power and decreases with increasing temperature in the range 20–300 K. This behavior is consistent with a photocurrent surge being the dominant terahertz generating mechanism at low excitation fluences. The p-type InAs generates about two orders of magnitude more power than the standard unbiased terahertz emitter, 1mm thick ZnTe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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219. Fast reconfiguration of high-frequency brain networks in response to surprising changes in auditory input:J Neurophysiol

Author

Nicol, R. M., Chapman, S. C., Vertes, P. E., Nathan, P. J., Smith, M. L., Shtyrov, Yury, and Bullmore, E. T.

Subjects
Acoustic Stimulation/*methods Adult Auditory Cortex/*physiology Brain/cytology/physiology Evoked Potentials, Auditory/*physiology Humans Magnetoencephalography/methods Nerve Net/*physiology Reaction Time/*physiology Time Factors Young Adult, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

How do human brain networks react to dynamic changes in the sensory environment? We measured rapid changes in brain network organization in response to brief, discrete, salient auditory stimuli. We estimated network topology and distance parameters in the immediate central response period

Published
2012

220. Attention to language: novel MEG paradigm for registering involuntary language processing in the brain:Neuropsychologia

Author

Shtyrov, Yury, Smith, M. L., Horner, A. J., Henson, R., Nathan, P. J., Bullmore, E. T., and Pulvermuller, F.

Subjects
Acoustic Stimulation Adult Attention/*physiology Brain/*physiology *Brain Mapping Contingent Negative Variation/physiology Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology Female Humans *Language *Magnetoencephalography Male Sleep Deprivation Spectrum Analysis Young Adult
Abstract

Previous research indicates that, under explicit instructions to listen to spoken stimuli or in speech-oriented behavioural tasks, the brain's responses to senseless pseudowords are larger than those to meaningful words; the reverse is true in non-attended conditions. These differential responses could be used as a tool to trace linguistic processes in the brain and their interaction with attention. However, as previous studies relied on explicit instructions to attend or ignore the stimuli, a technique for automatic attention modulation (i.e., not dependent on explicit instruction) would be more advantageous, especially when cooperation with instructions may not be guaranteed (e.g., neurological patients, children etc). Here we present a novel paradigm in which the stimulus context automatically draws attention to speech. In a non-attend passive auditory oddball sequence, rare words and pseudowords were presented among frequent non-speech tones of variable frequency and length. The low percentage of spoken stimuli guarantees an involuntary attention switch to them. The speech stimuli, in turn, could be disambiguated as words or pseudowords only in their end, at the last phoneme, after the attention switch would have already occurred. Our results confirmed that this paradigm can indeed be used to induce automatic shifts of attention to spoken input. At ~250ms after the stimulus onset, a P3a-like neuromagnetic deflection was registered to spoken (but not tone) stimuli indicating an involuntary attention shift. Later, after the word-pseudoword divergence point, we found a larger oddball response to pseudowords than words, best explained by neural processes of lexical search facilitated through increased attention. Furthermore, we demonstrate a breakdown of this orderly pattern of neurocognitive processes as a result of sleep deprivation. The new paradigm may thus be an efficient way to assess language comprehension processes and their dynamic interaction with those of attention allocation. It does it in an automatic and task-free fashion, indicating its potential benefit for assessing uncooperative clinical populations.

Published
2012

222. Mechanism-Based QSAR Modeling of Skin Sensitization

Author

Dearden, J. C., primary, Hewitt, M., additional, Roberts, D. W., additional, Enoch, S. J., additional, Rowe, P. H., additional, Przybylak, K. R., additional, Vaughan-Williams, G. D., additional, Smith, M. L., additional, Pillai, G. G., additional, and Katritzky, A. R., additional

Published
2015
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227. Estimation of redshifts from early galaxies

Author

Smith, M. L., Öztaş, A. M., and Paul, J.

Subjects
Other Physics Topics, Annan fysik, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Dating early galaxies is a current technical, empirical and theoretical problem. Progress has been made recently calculating these dates using the observed redshift, z, alone. While this relaxes the need for simultaneous determination of luminosity distances with redshifts; accurate redshift determination beyond z ≥ 3 is difficult. We have shown that light emissions tend toward blue with increasing emission age and this is supported by recent data. Here we combine calculations of cosmological times from redshifts alone with the emission frequency model for lookback times. This allows a better gauge between recombination and the first galaxies and may provide additional 50-200 M years between these events. Validerad; 2007; 20100917 (andbra)

Published
2007

230. Introduction

Author

Gventer, Celeste Ward, primary, Jones, David Martin, primary, and Smith, M. L. R., primary

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234. Genetic variant predicts bevacizumab-induced hypertension in ECOG-5103 and ECOG-2100

Author

Schneider, B P, primary, Li, L, additional, Shen, F, additional, Miller, K D, additional, Radovich, M, additional, O'Neill, A, additional, Gray, R J, additional, Lane, D, additional, Flockhart, D A, additional, Jiang, G, additional, Wang, Z, additional, Lai, D, additional, Koller, D, additional, Pratt, J H, additional, Dang, C T, additional, Northfelt, D, additional, Perez, E A, additional, Shenkier, T, additional, Cobleigh, M, additional, Smith, M L, additional, Railey, E, additional, Partridge, A, additional, Gralow, J, additional, Sparano, J, additional, Davidson, N E, additional, Foroud, T, additional, and Sledge, G W, additional

Published
2014
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236. MEDULLOBLASTOMA

Author

Vaidyanathan, G., primary, Gururangan, S., additional, Bigner, D., additional, Zalutsky, M., additional, Morfouace, M., additional, Shelat, A., additional, Megan, J., additional, Freeman, B. B., additional, Robinson, S., additional, Throm, S., additional, Olson, J. M., additional, Li, X.-N., additional, Guy, K. R., additional, Robinson, G., additional, Stewart, C., additional, Gajjar, A., additional, Roussel, M., additional, Sirachainan, N., additional, Pakakasama, S., additional, Anurathapan, U., additional, Hansasuta, A., additional, Dhanachai, M., additional, Khongkhatithum, C., additional, Hongeng, S., additional, Feroze, A., additional, Lee, K.-S., additional, Gholamin, S., additional, Wu, Z., additional, Lu, B., additional, Mitra, S., additional, Cheshier, S., additional, Northcott, P., additional, Lee, C., additional, Zichner, T., additional, Lichter, P., additional, Korbel, J., additional, Wechsler-Reya, R., additional, Pfister, S., additional, Project, I. P. T., additional, Li, K. K.-W., additional, Xia, T., additional, Ma, F. M. T., additional, Zhang, R., additional, Zhou, L., additional, Lau, K.-M., additional, Ng, H.-K., additional, Lafay-Cousin, L., additional, Chi, S., additional, Madden, J., additional, Smith, A., additional, Wells, E., additional, Owens, E., additional, Strother, D., additional, Foreman, N., additional, Packer, R., additional, Bouffet, E., additional, Wataya, T., additional, Peacock, J., additional, Taylor, M. D., additional, Ivanov, D., additional, Garnett, M., additional, Parker, T., additional, Alexander, C., additional, Meijer, L., additional, Grundy, R., additional, Gellert, P., additional, Ashford, M., additional, Walker, D., additional, Brent, J., additional, Cader, F. Z., additional, Ford, D., additional, Kay, A., additional, Walsh, R., additional, Solanki, G., additional, Peet, A., additional, English, M., additional, Shalaby, T., additional, Fiaschetti, G., additional, Baulande, S., additional, Gerber, N., additional, Baumgartner, M., additional, Grotzer, M., additional, Hayase, T., additional, Kawahara, Y., additional, Yagi, M., additional, Minami, T., additional, Kanai, N., additional, Yamaguchi, T., additional, Gomi, A., additional, Morimoto, A., additional, Hill, R., additional, Kuijper, S., additional, Lindsey, J., additional, Schwalbe, E., additional, Barker, K., additional, Boult, J., additional, Williamson, D., additional, Ahmad, Z., additional, Hallsworth, A., additional, Ryan, S., additional, Poon, E., additional, Ruddle, R., additional, Raynaud, F., additional, Howell, L., additional, Kwok, C., additional, Joshi, A., additional, Nicholson, S. L., additional, Crosier, S., additional, Wharton, S., additional, Robson, K., additional, Michalski, A., additional, Hargrave, D., additional, Jacques, T., additional, Pizer, B., additional, Bailey, S., additional, Swartling, F., additional, Petrie, K., additional, Weiss, W., additional, Chesler, L., additional, Clifford, S., additional, Kitanovski, L., additional, Prelog, T., additional, Kotnik, B. F., additional, Debeljak, M., additional, Grotzer, M. A., additional, Gevorgian, A., additional, Morozova, E., additional, Kazantsev, I., additional, Iukhta, T., additional, Safonova, S., additional, Kumirova, E., additional, Punanov, Y., additional, Afanasyev, B., additional, Zheludkova, O., additional, Grajkowska, W., additional, Pronicki, M., additional, Cukrowska, B., additional, Dembowska-Baginska, B., additional, Lastowska, M., additional, Murase, A., additional, Nobusawa, S., additional, Gemma, Y., additional, Yamazaki, F., additional, Masuzawa, A., additional, Uno, T., additional, Osumi, T., additional, Shioda, Y., additional, Kiyotani, C., additional, Mori, T., additional, Matsumoto, K., additional, Ogiwara, H., additional, Morota, N., additional, Hirato, J., additional, Nakazawa, A., additional, Terashima, K., additional, Fay-McClymont, T., additional, Walsh, K., additional, Mabbott, D., additional, Sturm, D., additional, Northcott, P. A., additional, Jones, D. T. W., additional, Korshunov, A., additional, Pfister, S. M., additional, Kool, M., additional, Hooper, C., additional, Hawes, S., additional, Kees, U., additional, Gottardo, N., additional, Dallas, P., additional, Siegfried, A., additional, Bertozzi, A. I., additional, Sevely, A., additional, Loukh, N., additional, Munzer, C., additional, Miquel, C., additional, Bourdeaut, F., additional, Pietsch, T., additional, Dufour, C., additional, Delisle, M. B., additional, Kawauchi, D., additional, Rehg, J., additional, Finkelstein, D., additional, Zindy, F., additional, Phoenix, T., additional, Gilbertson, R., additional, Trubicka, J., additional, Borucka-Mankiewicz, M., additional, Ciara, E., additional, Chrzanowska, K., additional, Perek-Polnik, M., additional, Abramczuk-Piekutowska, D., additional, Jurkiewicz, D., additional, Luczak, S., additional, Kowalski, P., additional, Krajewska-Walasek, M., additional, Sheila, C., additional, Lee, S., additional, Foster, C., additional, Manoranjan, B., additional, Pambit, M., additional, Berns, R., additional, Fotovati, A., additional, Venugopal, C., additional, O'Halloran, K., additional, Narendran, A., additional, Hawkins, C., additional, Ramaswamy, V., additional, Taylor, M., additional, Singhal, A., additional, Hukin, J., additional, Rassekh, R., additional, Yip, S., additional, Singh, S., additional, Duhman, C., additional, Dunn, S., additional, Chen, T., additional, Rush, S., additional, Fuji, H., additional, Ishida, Y., additional, Onoe, T., additional, Kanda, T., additional, Kase, Y., additional, Yamashita, H., additional, Murayama, S., additional, Nakasu, Y., additional, Kurimoto, T., additional, Kondo, A., additional, Sakaguchi, S., additional, Fujimura, J., additional, Saito, M., additional, Arakawa, T., additional, Arai, H., additional, Shimizu, T., additional, Jurkiewicz, E., additional, Daszkiewicz, P., additional, Drogosiewicz, M., additional, Hovestadt, V., additional, Buchhalter, I., additional, Jager, N. N., additional, Stuetz, A., additional, Johann, P., additional, Schmidt, C., additional, Ryzhova, M., additional, Landgraf, P., additional, Hasselblatt, M., additional, Schuller, U., additional, Yaspo, M.-L., additional, von Deimling, A., additional, Eils, R., additional, Modi, A., additional, Patel, M., additional, Berk, M., additional, Wang, L.-x., additional, Plautz, G., additional, Camara-Costa, H., additional, Resch, A., additional, Lalande, C., additional, Kieffer, V., additional, Poggi, G., additional, Kennedy, C., additional, Bull, K., additional, Calaminus, G., additional, Grill, J., additional, Doz, F., additional, Rutkowski, S., additional, Massimino, M., additional, Kortmann, R.-D., additional, Lannering, B., additional, Dellatolas, G., additional, Chevignard, M., additional, Solecki, D., additional, McKinnon, P., additional, Olson, J., additional, Hayden, J., additional, Ellison, D., additional, Buss, M., additional, Remke, M., additional, Lee, J., additional, Caspary, T., additional, Castellino, R., additional, Sabel, M., additional, Gustafsson, G., additional, Fleischhack, G., additional, Benesch, M., additional, Navajas, A., additional, Reddingius, R., additional, Delisle, M.-B., additional, Lafon, D., additional, Sevenet, N., additional, Pierron, G., additional, Delattre, O., additional, Ecker, J., additional, Oehme, I., additional, Mazitschek, R., additional, Lodrini, M., additional, Deubzer, H. E., additional, Kulozik, A. E., additional, Witt, O., additional, Milde, T., additional, Patmore, D., additional, Boulos, N., additional, Wright, K., additional, Boop, S., additional, Janicki, T., additional, Burzynski, S., additional, Burzynski, G., additional, Marszalek, A., additional, Triscott, J., additional, Green, M., additional, Rassekh, S. R., additional, Toyota, B., additional, Dunham, C., additional, Dunn, S. E., additional, Liu, K.-W., additional, Pei, Y., additional, Genovesi, L., additional, Ji, P., additional, Davis, M., additional, Ng, C. G., additional, Cho, Y.-J., additional, Jenkins, N., additional, Copeland, N., additional, Wainwright, B., additional, Tang, Y., additional, Schubert, S., additional, Nguyen, B., additional, Masoud, S., additional, Lee, A., additional, Willardson, M., additional, Bandopadhayay, P., additional, Bergthold, G., additional, Atwood, S., additional, Whitson, R., additional, Qi, J., additional, Beroukhim, R., additional, Tang, J., additional, Oro, A., additional, Link, B., additional, Bradner, J., additional, Vallero, S. G., additional, Bertin, D., additional, Basso, M. E., additional, Milanaccio, C., additional, Peretta, P., additional, Cama, A., additional, Mussano, A., additional, Barra, S., additional, Morana, G., additional, Morra, I., additional, Nozza, P., additional, Fagioli, F., additional, Garre, M. L., additional, Darabi, A., additional, Sanden, E., additional, Visse, E., additional, Stahl, N., additional, Siesjo, P., additional, Vaka, D., additional, Vasquez, F., additional, Weir, B., additional, Cowley, G., additional, Keller, C., additional, Hahn, W., additional, Gibbs, I. C., additional, Partap, S., additional, Yeom, K., additional, Martinez, M., additional, Vogel, H., additional, Donaldson, S. S., additional, Fisher, P., additional, Perreault, S., additional, Guerrini-Rousseau, L., additional, Pujet, S., additional, Kieffer-Renaux, V., additional, Raquin, M. A., additional, Varlet, P., additional, Longaud, A., additional, Sainte-Rose, C., additional, Valteau-Couanet, D., additional, Staal, J., additional, Lau, L. S., additional, Zhang, H., additional, Ingram, W. J., additional, Cho, Y. J., additional, Hathout, Y., additional, Brown, K., additional, Rood, B. R., additional, Handler, M., additional, Hankinson, T., additional, Kleinschmidt-Demasters, B. K., additional, Hutter, S., additional, Jones, D. T., additional, Kagawa, N., additional, Hirayama, R., additional, Kijima, N., additional, Chiba, Y., additional, Kinoshita, M., additional, Takano, K., additional, Eino, D., additional, Fukuya, S., additional, Yamamoto, F., additional, Nakanishi, K., additional, Hashimoto, N., additional, Hashii, Y., additional, Hara, J., additional, Yoshimine, T., additional, Wang, J., additional, Guo, C., additional, Yang, Q., additional, Chen, Z., additional, Filipek, I., additional, Swieszkowska, E., additional, Tarasinska, M., additional, Perek, D., additional, Kebudi, R., additional, Koc, B., additional, Gorgun, O., additional, Agaoglu, F. Y., additional, Wolff, J., additional, Darendeliler, E., additional, Kerl, K., additional, Gronych, J., additional, McGlade, J., additional, Endersby, R., additional, Hii, H., additional, Johns, T., additional, Sastry, J., additional, Murphy, D., additional, Ronghe, M., additional, Cunningham, C., additional, Cowie, F., additional, Jones, R., additional, Calisto, A., additional, Sangra, M., additional, Mathieson, C., additional, Brown, J., additional, Phuakpet, K., additional, Larouche, V., additional, Bartels, U., additional, Ishida, T., additional, Hasegawa, D., additional, Miyata, K., additional, Ochi, S., additional, Saito, A., additional, Kozaki, A., additional, Yanai, T., additional, Kawasaki, K., additional, Yamamoto, K., additional, Kawamura, A., additional, Nagashima, T., additional, Akasaka, Y., additional, Soejima, T., additional, Yoshida, M., additional, Kosaka, Y., additional, von Bueren, A., additional, Goschzik, T., additional, Kortmann, R., additional, von Hoff, K., additional, Friedrich, C., additional, Muehlen, A. z., additional, Warmuth-Metz, M., additional, Soerensen, N., additional, Deinlein, F., additional, Zwiener, I., additional, Faldum, A., additional, Kuehl, J., additional, KRAMER, K., additional, -Taskar, N. P., additional, Zanzonico, P., additional, Humm, J. L., additional, Wolden, S. L., additional, Cheung, N.-K. V., additional, Venkataraman, S., additional, Alimova, I., additional, Harris, P., additional, Birks, D., additional, Balakrishnan, I., additional, Griesinger, A., additional, Foreman, N. K., additional, Vibhakar, R., additional, Margol, A., additional, Robison, N., additional, Gnanachandran, J., additional, Hung, L., additional, Kennedy, R., additional, Vali, M., additional, Dhall, G., additional, Finlay, J., additional, Erdrich-Epstein, A., additional, Krieger, M., additional, Drissi, R., additional, Fouladi, M., additional, Gilles, F., additional, Judkins, A., additional, Sposto, R., additional, Asgharzadeh, S., additional, Peyrl, A., additional, Chocholous, M., additional, Holm, S., additional, Grillner, P., additional, Blomgren, K., additional, Azizi, A., additional, Czech, T., additional, Gustafsson, B., additional, Dieckmann, K., additional, Leiss, U., additional, Slavc, I., additional, Babelyan, S., additional, Dolgopolov, I., additional, Pimenov, R., additional, Mentkevich, G., additional, Gorelishev, S., additional, Laskov, M., additional, von Bueren, A. O., additional, Nowak, J., additional, Kortmann, R. D., additional, Mynarek, M., additional, Muller, K., additional, Gerber, N. U., additional, Ottensmeier, H., additional, Kwiecien, R., additional, Yankelevich, M., additional, Boyarshinov, V., additional, Glekov, I., additional, Ozerov, S., additional, Gorelyshev, S., additional, Popa, A., additional, Subbotina, N., additional, Martin, A. M., additional, Nirschl, C., additional, Polanczyk, M., additional, Bell, R., additional, Martinez, D., additional, Sullivan, L. M., additional, Santi, M., additional, Burger, P. C., additional, Taube, J. M., additional, Drake, C. G., additional, Pardoll, D. M., additional, Lim, M., additional, Li, L., additional, Wang, W.-G., additional, Pu, J.-X., additional, Sun, H.-D., additional, Ruggieri, R., additional, Symons, M. H., additional, Vanan, M. I., additional, Bolin, S., additional, Schumacher, S., additional, Zeid, R., additional, Yu, F., additional, Vue, N., additional, Gibson, W., additional, Paolella, B., additional, Swartling, F. J., additional, Kieran, M. W., additional, Bradner, J. E., additional, Maher, O., additional, Khatua, S., additional, Tarek, N., additional, Zaky, W., additional, Gupta, T., additional, Mohanty, S., additional, Kannan, S., additional, Jalali, R., additional, Kapitza, E., additional, Denkhaus, D., additional, Muhlen, A. z., additional, van Vuurden, D. G., additional, Garami, M., additional, Fangusaro, J., additional, Davidson, T. B., additional, da Costa, M. J. G., additional, Sterba, J., additional, Clifford, S. C., additional, Finlay, J. L., additional, Schmidt, R., additional, Felsberg, J., additional, Skladny, H., additional, Cremer, F., additional, Reifenberger, G., additional, Kunder, R., additional, Sridhar, E., additional, Moiyadi, A. A., additional, Goel, A., additional, Goel, N., additional, Shirsat, N., additional, Othman, R., additional, Storer, L., additional, Kerr, I., additional, Coyle, B., additional, Law, N., additional, Smith, M. L., additional, Greenberg, M., additional, Laughlin, S., additional, Malkin, D., additional, Liu, F., additional, Moxon-Emre, I., additional, Scantlebury, N., additional, Nasir, A., additional, Onion, D., additional, Lourdusamy, A., additional, Grabowska, A., additional, Cai, Y., additional, Bradshaw, T., additional, de Medeiros, R. S. S., additional, Beaugrand, A., additional, Soares, S., additional, Epelman, S., additional, Wang, W., additional, Sultan, M., additional, Wechsler-Reya, R. J., additional, Zapatka, M., additional, Radlwimmer, B., additional, Alderete, D., additional, Baroni, L., additional, Lubinieki, F., additional, Auad, F., additional, Gonzalez, M. L., additional, Puya, W., additional, Pacheco, P., additional, Aurtenetxe, O., additional, Gaffar, A., additional, Gros, L., additional, Cruz, O., additional, Calvo, C., additional, Shinojima, N., additional, Nakamura, H., additional, Kuratsu, J.-i., additional, Hanaford, A., additional, Eberhart, C., additional, Archer, T., additional, Tamayo, P., additional, Pomeroy, S., additional, Raabe, E., additional, De Braganca, K., additional, Gilheeney, S., additional, Khakoo, Y., additional, Kramer, K., additional, Wolden, S., additional, Dunkel, I., additional, Lulla, R. R., additional, Laskowski, J., additional, Goldman, S., additional, Gopalakrishnan, V., additional, Shih, D., additional, Wang, X., additional, Faria, C., additional, Raybaud, C., additional, Tabori, U., additional, Rutka, J., additional, Jacobs, S., additional, De Vathaire, F., additional, Diallo, I., additional, Llanas, D., additional, Verez, C., additional, Diop, F., additional, Kahlouche, A., additional, Puget, S., additional, Thompson, E., additional, Prince, E., additional, Amani, V., additional, Sin-Chan, P., additional, Lu, M., additional, Kleinman, C., additional, Spence, T., additional, Picard, D., additional, Ho, K. C., additional, Chan, J., additional, Majewski, J., additional, Jabado, N., additional, Dirks, P., additional, Huang, A., additional, Madden, J. R., additional, Donson, A. M., additional, Mirsky, D. M., additional, Dubuc, A., additional, Mack, S., additional, Gendoo, D., additional, Luu, B., additional, MacDonald, T., additional, Van Meter, T., additional, Croul, S., additional, Laureano, A., additional, Brugmann, W., additional, Denman, C., additional, Singh, H., additional, Huls, H., additional, Moyes, J., additional, Sandberg, D., additional, Silla, L., additional, Cooper, L., additional, and Lee, D., additional

Published
2014
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238. Hemmung humanpathogener Pilze durch ethnobotanisch ausgewählte Pflanzenextrakte

Author

Ficker, Christine E., Arnason, J. T., Sanchez Vindas, Pablo, Álvarez, L. P., akpagana, koffi, Gbéassor, M., De Souza, C., and Smith, M. L.

Subjects
ETHNOBOTANIK, PILZE, PLAGAS DE LAS PLANTAS, ETHNOBOTANICS, MUSHROOMS, KETOCONAZOL, PLANT PESTS, ETNOBOTANICA, HONGOS
Abstract

Herbario Juvenal Valerio Rodríguez In this study, 36 extracts derived from 29 plant species selected using an ethnobotanical approach were tested for antifungal activity against a taxonomically diverse group of 13 human pathogenic fungi. We compared the inhibitory characteristics of these plant extracts with those of the commonly used antifungals, amphotericin B and ketoconazole, and the plant-derived antifungal, berberine. Several plant extracts, notably those from Zingiber officinale (ginger) and Juglans cinerea (butternut), had pronounced antifungal activity against a wide variety of fungi, including strains that were highly resistant to amphotericin B and ketoconazole. Further exploration of Z. officinale as an antifungal is warranted as this species is generally regarded as safe for human consumption. En este estudio, se probaron 36 extractos derivados de 29 especies de plantas seleccionadas mediante un enfoque etnobotánico para determinar la actividad antifúngica contra un grupo taxonómicamente diverso de 13 hongos patógenos humanos. Comparamos las características inhibidoras de estos extractos de plantas con las de los antifúngicos de uso común, anfotericina B y ketoconazol, y el antifúngico derivado de plantas, berberina. Varios extractos de plantas, en particular los de Zingiber officinale (jengibre) y Juglans cinerea (butternut), tenían una actividad antifúngica pronunciada contra una amplia variedad de hongos, incluidas cepas que eran altamente resistentes a la anfotericina B y al ketoconazol. Se justifica una mayor exploración de Z. officinale como antifúngico, ya que esta especie se considera generalmente segura para el consumo humano. Es wurden 36 Extrakte von 29 Pflanzenarten auf ihre antimyzetische Aktivita ̈ t gegen 13 humanpathogene Pilzarten untersucht. Die Hemmcharakteristik dieser Pflanzenextrakte wurde mit der von Amphotericin B, Ketoconazol und Berberin verglichen. Mehrere Pflanzenextrakte, besonders die von Zingiber officinale (Ingwer) und Juglans cinerea (Butternuss) zeigten eine deutliche antimyzetische Aktivita ̈ t gegen ein breites Pilzspektrum einschließlich solcher Sta ̈ mme, die hochresistent gegen Amphotericin B und Ketoconazol waren. Die weitere Untersuchung der antimyzetischen Aktivita ̈ t von Z. officinale erscheint vielversprechend, da diese Art allgemein als sicher fu ̈ r menschlichen Konsum angesehen wird. Carleton University, Canada University of Ottawa, Canada Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica Université du Bénin, Togo Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales

Published
2003

239. Autonomic Composite Hydrogels by Reactive Printing: Materials and Oscillatory Response (Postprint)

Author

AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE, Vaia, R A, Kramb, R C, Buskohl, P R, Slone, C, Smith, M L, AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE, Vaia, R A, Kramb, R C, Buskohl, P R, Slone, C, and Smith, M L

Abstract

Autonomic materials are those that automatically respond to a change in environmental conditions, such as temperature or chemical composition. While such materials hold incredible potential for a wide range of uses, their implementation is limited by the small number of fully-developed material systems. To broaden the number of available systems, we have developed a post-functionalization technique where a reactive Ru Catalyst ink is printed onto a non-responsive polymer substrate. Using a succinimide-amine coupling reaction, patterns are printed onto co-polymer or biomacromolecular films containing primary amine functionality, such as polyacrylamide (PAAm) or poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAAm) copolymerized with poly-N-(3-Aminopropyl)methacrylamide (PAPMAAm). When the films are placed in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) solution medium, the reaction takes place only inside the printed nodes. In comparison to alternative BZ systems, where Ru-containing monomers are copolymerized with base monomers, reactive printing provides facile tuning of a range of hydrogel compositions, as well as enabling the formation of mechanically robust composite monoliths. The autonomic response of the printed nodes is similar for all matrices in the BZ solution concentrations examined, where the period of oscillation decreases in response to increasing sodium bromate or nitric acid concentration. A temperature increase reduces the period of oscillations and temperature gradients are shown to function as pace-makers, dictating the direction of the autonomic response (chemical waves)., Published in Soft Matter, v10 p1329-1336, 2014.

Published
2013

241. Terahertz Emission from Mercury Cadmium Telluride

Author

Smith, M. L., Mendis, Rajind, Vickers, R. E. M., Lewis, R. A., Smith, M. L., Mendis, Rajind, Vickers, R. E. M., and Lewis, R. A.

Abstract

THz-frequency electromagnetic radiation may be generated by illuminating a suitable target with short pulses of near-infrared radiation. We present results of experiments employing pulses of < 12 fs irradiating a HgCdTe thin film. The resulting THz emission was detected using a liquid-He–cooled bolometer. Strong azimuthal angle dependence on the generated THz power is observed. The THz power varies quadratically with the pump power.

Published
2008

249. CO2 balance of boreal, temperate and tropical forests derived from a global database

Author

Luyssaert, S., Inglima, I., Jung, M., Richardson, A. D., Reichstein, M., Papale, D., Piao, S. L., Shulze, E.- D., Wingate, L., Matteucci, G., Aragao, L., Aubinet, M., Beer, C., Bernhofer, C., Black, K. G., Bonal, D., Bonnefond, J.- M., Chambers, J., Ciais, P., Cook, B., Davis, K. J., Dolman, A. J., Gielen, B., Goulden, M., Grace, J., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Griffis, T., Grunwald, T., Guidolotti, G., Hanson, P. J., Harding, R., Hollinger, D. Y., Hutyra, L. R., Kolari, P., Kruijt, B., Kutsch, W., Lagergren, F., Laurila, T., Law, B. E., Le Maire, G., Lindroth, A., Loustau, D., Malhi, Y., Mateus, J., Migliavacca, M., Misson, L., Montagnani, L., Moncrieff, J., Moors, E., Munger, J. W., Nikinmaa, E., Ollinger, S. V., Pita, G., Rebmann, C., Roupsard, O., Saigusa, N., Sanz, M. J., Seufert, G., Sierra, C., Smith, M. - L., Tang, J., Valentini, R., Vesala, T., Janssens, I. A., Luyssaert, S., Inglima, I., Jung, M., Richardson, A. D., Reichstein, M., Papale, D., Piao, S. L., Shulze, E.- D., Wingate, L., Matteucci, G., Aragao, L., Aubinet, M., Beer, C., Bernhofer, C., Black, K. G., Bonal, D., Bonnefond, J.- M., Chambers, J., Ciais, P., Cook, B., Davis, K. J., Dolman, A. J., Gielen, B., Goulden, M., Grace, J., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Griffis, T., Grunwald, T., Guidolotti, G., Hanson, P. J., Harding, R., Hollinger, D. Y., Hutyra, L. R., Kolari, P., Kruijt, B., Kutsch, W., Lagergren, F., Laurila, T., Law, B. E., Le Maire, G., Lindroth, A., Loustau, D., Malhi, Y., Mateus, J., Migliavacca, M., Misson, L., Montagnani, L., Moncrieff, J., Moors, E., Munger, J. W., Nikinmaa, E., Ollinger, S. V., Pita, G., Rebmann, C., Roupsard, O., Saigusa, N., Sanz, M. J., Seufert, G., Sierra, C., Smith, M. - L., Tang, J., Valentini, R., Vesala, T., and Janssens, I. A.

Abstract

Terrestrial ecosystems sequester 2.1 Pg of atmospheric carbon annually. A large amount of the terrestrial sink is realized by forests. However, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the fate of this carbon over both short and long timescales. Relevant data to address these uncertainties are being collected at many sites around the world, but syntheses of these data are still sparse. To facilitate future synthesis activities, we have assembled a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g. leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics. This publicly available database can be used to quantify global, regional or biome-specific carbon budgets; to re-examine established relationships; to test emerging hypotheses about ecosystem functioning [e.g. a constant net ecosystem production (NEP) to gross primary production (GPP) ratio]; and as benchmarks for model evaluations. In this paper, we present the first analysis of this database. We discuss the climatic influences on GPP, net primary production (NPP) and NEP and present the CO2 balances for boreal, temperate, and tropical forest biomes based on micrometeorological, ecophysiological, and biometric flux and inventory estimates. Globally, GPP of forests benefited from higher temperatures and precipitation whereas NPP saturated above either a threshold of 1500 mm precipitation or a mean annual temperature of 10 °C. The global pattern in NEP was insensitive to climate and is hypothesized to be mainly determined by nonclimatic conditions such as successional stage, management, site history, and site disturbance. In all biomes, closing the CO2 balance required the introduction of substantial biome-specific closure terms. Nonclosure was taken as an indication that respiratory processes, advection, and non-CO2 carbon fluxes are not presently being adequately

Published
2007

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