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Obtaining an effective sorting method for train operating conditions is the premise for studying the optimization method of renewable energy utilization in the operation of urban rail trains. But there are few studies in this field. So that, in this paper, firstly, based on the given running time of the train, the construction rules of the running condition sequence of the interval train are given for the interval of different speed limiting types. Then, based on the train operating condition sequence solution set obtained by the construction rules, the regenerative energy utilized in the traction phase of each sequence and the regenerative energy utilized in the braking phase are used as ranking indices, and the interval number is used to express the uncertainty of the two ranking indices. The interval numbers of all solutions are obtained and sorted by the TOPSIS method based on entropy weight, and the sequence values of all train operating conditions corresponding to the interval are obtained. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the practical application of this sorting method.

Figure S2. Trends for age-standardized DALY rate of esophageal cancer in China (A), Japan (B), South Korea (C), East Asia and Pacific (D), and the world (E) from 1990 to 2017 calculated by joinpoint regression analyses. DALY: disability-adjusted life-year.

The bogie system, which is the critical component of high-speed train (HST), plays an important and irreplaceable role in the bearing, traction and braking of the HST. This paper mainly presents a new method to assess bogie system safety. First, in order to reduce the effect of subjective factors and uncertainty of historical failure data, hesitant interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (HIVIFS) is introduced to reflect failure propagation mechanism and fault consequences of components in bogie system. Second, from the perspective of fault propagation, bogie system safety measurement is put forward to assess system state through integration of the failure consequences of multi fault paths according to hesitant interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy Choquet integral (HIVIFCI). Results show that the proposed model is capable of (i) achieving a more accurate result for safety assessment of bogie system and (ii) identifying all possibility bogie system’s fault propagation paths. The achievements have important theoretical value and practical significance and could provide a basis for making maintenance strategies and reducing economic losses.

Figure S4. Trends in percentage of esophageal cancer all-age and age-standardized DALY rate due to risk factors in the world, East Asia and Pacific, China, Japan, and South Korea, from 1990 to 2017. (A) all-age DALYs; (B) age-standardized DALY rate. DALY: disability-adjusted life-year.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. The prediction results of s3087918 affect the bind of MEG3 to miRNAs. (A) rs3087918 caused has-miR1203 target gain; (B) rs3087918 caused has-miR-139-3p target loss; (C) rs3087918 caused has-miR-5091 target loss. Table S1. Primers used for this study. Table S2. Stratified Analysis of rs11160608 and rs7158663 by age, BMI and menopausal status. Table S3. Association analysis between three SNPs inMEG3 and Molecular typing of breast cancer. Table S4. Rs3087918 influence MEG3 binding to miRNAs based on LncRNASNP2 database.

Figure S1. Age-specific rates for incidence, death, and DALY increased with age. DALY: disability-adjusted life-year.

Urban rail system is one of the most energy-consuming and highest costing public sectors in cities, and its energy efficiency has great potential to improve on the system level. The aim of this study is to introduce a novel method for identifying key energy-consuming parts based on univariate uncertain data pattern miner (U2P-miner) in order to improve the energy efficiency of urban rail system and to apply it in a real urban rail system. Firstly, an energy consumption association network model is constructed based on the operation energy consumption by analyzing the association among the energy use during operation. Secondly, a method for identifying critical nodes using U2P-miner algorithm is presented, which consider both topological and energy-consuming attributes of nodes. Finally, the proposed method is applied in Beijing Subway to help operator make better choices in energy efficiency improvement.

Recent neural approaches to data-to-text generation have mostly focused on improving content fidelity while lacking explicit control over writing styles (e.g., word choices, sentence structures). More traditional systems use templates to determine the realization of text. Yet manual or automatic construction of high-quality templates is difficult, and a template acting as hard constraints could harm content fidelity when it does not match the record perfectly. We study a new way of stylistic control by using existing sentences as soft templates. That is, the model learns to imitate the writing style of any given exemplar sentence, with automatic adaptions to faithfully describe the content record. The problem is challenging due to the lack of parallel data. We develop a neural approach that includes a hybrid attention-copy mechanism, learns with weak supervisions, and is enhanced with a new content coverage constraint. We conduct experiments in restaurants and sports domains. Results show our approach achieves stronger performance than a range of comparison methods. Our approach balances well between content fidelity and style control given exemplars that match the records to varying degrees., Comment: Accepted by EMNLP 2020 Findings. Significant updates over the previous version. Code & data are available at https://github.com/ha-lins/DTG-SI

Additional file 5: Table S1. Incident cases, death cases, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) for esophageal cancer in China, by geographic areas, 2015.

The photonic spin Hall effect (SHE) has great potential in precision metrology due to its unique spin modulation characteristics. To improve its potential, the effective enhancement of detection precision has become an important issue. In this work, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the optimal weak measurement (optimal overlap of pre-selected and post-selected states) with arbitrary linear polarization incidence for both amplified transverse and in-plane shift. Also, based on photonic SHE, a method for arbitrary linear polarization angle detection is then proposed experimentally with a detection accuracy of 0.04 degree. It can provide a guidance for the weak measurement and enlarge the potential application of photonic SHE in field of precision measurement.

Background: Lysosome-associated protein transmembrane-4β-35(LAPTM4B-35) has been observed overexpressed in multiple malignant tumors. However, the prognostic value of LAPTM4B-35 remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of LAPTM4B-35 in human cancers. Methods: The relevant publications were obtained by systematically searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the prognosis value of LAPTM4B-35 for cancer patient. Results: Our result suggest that LAPTM4B-35 overexpression is significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.87-3.32, p < 0.001), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.35-4.35, p = 0.003), and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 4.12, 95% CI = 2.30-7.37, p < 0.001). Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed significant association with poor OS in lung (HR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.37-3.06, p < 0.001), gastric carcinoma (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.01-3.50, p < 0.047) and ovarian cancer (HR = 4.94, 95% CI = 1.44-16.94, p = 0.011). Conclusion: LAPTM4B-35 may be a novel predictive biomarker and a potential target for treatment.

Power converters with insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT) are widely used in diverse industrial applications such as traction systems. As the IGBT is one of the most fragile components in power electronics converter, remaining useful life(RUL) prognostic of IGBT is important to guarantee system reliability. This paper presents a review of data-driven prognostic for IGBT RUL. In this paper, common data-driven prognostic methods are summarized. Features of data-driven prognostic approaches of IGBT are discussed, and main approaches are compared to each other. Four common problems of these schemes are presented and discussed. In addition, some other desirable studies to improve IGBT RUL estimation are proposed.

Traction drive system is an important part of rail transit vehicles, which directly determines whether the train can transport passengers safely, quickly and efficiently. For safety-critical and mission-critical applications, the reliability of traction drive system is still a concern. Study on the reliability of the traction drive system has important guiding significance for the safe operation, after-sale maintenance and components replacement of rail transit. This paper reviews past developments and recent advance in the area of traction drive system reliability evaluation and presents challenges and future research directions in this area.

MoS2 is a promising anode candidate for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its unique layered structure and high specific capacity. However, the poor conductivity and unsatisfactory structural stability limit its practical application. Recently, a new class of 2D materials, V4C3-Mxene, has been found to combine metallic conductivity, high structural stability and rich surface chemistries. Herein, a facile method has been developed to fabricate V4C3-MXene/MoS2/C nanohybrids. Ultrasmall and few-layered MoS2 nanosheets are uniformly anchored on the surface of V4C3-MXene with a thin carbon-coating layer. The ultrasmall and few-layered MoS2 nanosheets can enlarge the specific areas, reduce the diffusion distance of lithium ions, and accelerate the transfer of charge carriers. As a supporting substrate, V4C3-MXene endows the nanohybrid with high electrical conductivity, strong structural stability, and fast reaction kinetics. Moreover, the carbon-coating layer can further enhance the electrical conductivity and structural stability of the hybrid material. Benefiting from these advantages, the V4C3-MXene/MoS2/C electrode shows an excellent cycling stability with a high reversible capability of 622.6 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1 after 450 cycles, and a superior rate capability of 500.0 mA h g-1 at 10 A g-1. Thus, the V4C3-MXene/MoS2/C nanohybrid could become a promising anode material for high rate LIBs.

BACKGROUND: At present, most of the targeted therapies for thyroid carcinoma are in the clinical trial stage, and there is still no strong evidence to confirm their clinical effect. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the outcome of targeted therapies and provide quantitative evidence. METHOD: Ovid, PubMed, EMBAS, ClinicalTrails.gov, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched until September 1, 2019. Randomized controlled studies (RCTs) studies that compared the treatment of thyroid carcinoma with the targeted therapies of utility and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: The study included 5 studies with a total of 1,615 patients, with 991 cases in the drug group and 624 cases in the placebo group. The meta-analysis indicated that compared with the placebo group, the progression-free survival (PFS) rate of the drug group was significantly improved. The PFS of the drug group was 10.8 to 30.5 months, compared with 4 to 19.3 months for the placebo group (6 months PFS: OR =3.23, 95% CI: 2.57 to 4.05, P

Introduction CYP17 is the second most important enzyme in estradiol synthesis. Epidemiological studies have shown the associations between CYP17 polymorphisms and cancer risk. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the relationship between CYP17 polymorphisms (rs743572 and rs2486758) and breast cancer (BC) risk. Patients and methods This case-control study included 560 BC patients and 583 age-matched healthy controls from Northwest China. Two polymorphisms (rs743572 and rs2486758) of CYP17 were genotyped by using Sequenom MassARRAY. ORs and 95% CIs were used to evaluate the relationship. Results Compared with the wild genotype of rs743572, we found a significantly reduced risk of BC associated with the variant genotypes (heterozygote model: OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.53-0.89; homozygote model: OR=0.68, 95% CI=0.49-0.95; dominant model: OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.54-0.87; overdominant model: OR=0.78, 95% CI=0.62-0.98; allele model: OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.66-0.93). For rs2486758 polymorphism, we did not find any difference in any of the genetic models. Further stratification analysis by clinical characteristics showed rs743572 was associated with estrogen receptor status (heterozygote model: OR=2.13, 95% CI=1.47-3.08; homozygote model: OR=3.29, 95% CI=1.94-5.58; dominant model: OR=2.39, 95% CI=1.69-3.37) and progesterone receptor status (homozygote model: OR=3.17, 95% CI=1.82-5.55), but there was no association between rs2486758 and clinical characteristics of BC. Haplotype analysis showed that Grs743572Crs2486758 haplotype was a protective factor of BC (OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.40-0.67). Survival analysis did not find that CYP17 rs743572 polymorphism was associated with triple-negative BC, either in terms of overall survival or progression-free survival. Conclusion Our results suggest that CYP17 polymorphisms may reduce the susceptibility to BC in Chinese women.

Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particular breast cancer subtype with poor prognosis due to its aggressive biological behavior and lack of targets for therapy. This study aimed to explore the expression profile and potential function of lncRNAs in TNBC through bioinformatic methods. Methods Two microarrays of TNBC were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were screened out and the expressions of top lncRNAs and overlapping lncRNAs were validated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The co-expression analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs was conducted using R software and functional enrichment analysis for was performed by Metascape. Kaplan–Meier Plotter was used for survival analysis. Results A total of 1034 dysregulated lncRNAs were found in the two microarrays, and there were 8 overlapped lncRNAs. Among them, 537 lncRNAs were significantly correlated with 451 protein-coding genes (PCGs). The co-expressed PCGs were mainly enriched in terms including cell division, cell cycle, and protein/DNA binding, and were involved in pathways in cancer and other pathways such as PI3K-Akt, MAPK, ErbB and p53 signaling pathways. Hub-genes in the co-expression network were identified, and 7 of them were associated with relapse-free survival of TNBC (MAGI2-AS3: HR = 0.51; GGTA1P: HR = 0.54; NAP1L2: HR = 0.59; CRABP2: HR = 0.41; SYNPO2: HR = 0.50; MKI67: HR = 2.23; COL4A6: HR = 1.91; all P

Dysregulation of multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was reported to play major roles in breast cancer (BC). Here we aimed to collect most of the relevant literature to assess the prognostic value of lncRNAs in BC. To this end, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang to identify published articles on the associations of lncRNAs with clinicopathology and/or survival of BC. Via this searching, we identified 70 articles involving 9,307 BC patients and regarding 48 lncRNAs. The expression of 41 lncRNAs was related to one or more clinicopathological parameters of BC, including tumor size; lymph node metastasis; histological grade; TNM stage; and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) statuses (p < 0.05). Dysregulation of 28 lncRNAs was associated with overall survival, and abnormal expression of 9 lncRNAs was linked to disease-free survival. Furthermore, the expression level of 3 lncRNAs was correlated with metastasis-free survival, 3 lncRNAs with relapse-free survival, and 3 lncRNAs with progression-free survival. Our analysis showed that multiple lncRNAs were significantly associated with BC clinicopathology and survival. A large-scale study is needed to verify the prognostic value of these lncRNAs in BC. Keywords: long non-coding RNA, breast cancer, clinicopathology, survival, prognosis

Background Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) is a key gene in the immune system which also plays a role in tumor development. This study aims to explore the association of two FOXP3 polymorphisms (rs3761548 and rs3761549) with susceptibility to breast cancer (BC). Method A case-control study was conducted, involving 560 patients and 583 healthy individuals from the Chinese Han population. The genotypes of FOXP3 polymorphisms were detected using the Sequenom MassARRAY method. The association between FOXP3 polymorphisms and BC risk was evaluated using a χ2 test with an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) under six genetic models. False-positive report probability was utilized to examine whether the significant findings were noteworthy. Results We observed that rs3761548 was associated with a higher BC risk in heterozygous, dominant, overdominant, and allele genetic models (CA vs CC: OR =1.32, P=0.031; CA/AA vs CC: OR =1.32, P=0.023; CA vs CC/AA: OR =1.29, P=0.042; A vs C: OR =1.26, P=0.029), whereas no significant association was found between rs3761549 and BC risk. In addition, CA, CA/AA genotype, and A allele of rs3761548 were related to larger tumor size, and the A allele was also correlated with a positive status of Her-2 in BC patients. Conclusion Our study suggests that FOXP3 polymorphism rs3761548 is associated with BC susceptibility in the Chinese and may be involved in tumor progression. Future studies are needed to confirm the results in a larger population with more races.

Structured lighting (SL) scanning technology has been successfully applied to reconstruct personalized avatars, providing high-quality geometry for the face and body. However, previous white SL methods have typically been unable to capture and reconstruct hair geometry, preventing a complete, realistic avatar surface from being reconstructed. In this paper, we propose a novel hair capture system, producing a full-head manifold with complete hair, based on four white SL scanners made by ourselves. The key technical contribution is a robust strip-edge-based coding algorithm, using a projection pattern of 18 stripes; it allows geometric acquisition to an accuracy of 1 mm. Experiments are given to show that our system produces high-quality hair geometry, comparable to that captured by more expensive state-of-the-art multiview stereo systems. Our system is however easier to configure, and is more suited to real-world setups.

Previous studies have showed the associations between various BRCA1-interacting protein 1 (BRIP1) polymorphisms and cancer risk. But, these results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis based on 18 studies involving 13,716 cancer patients and 15,590 cancer-free controls is aimed at to evaluate the relationship between the four common SNPs of BRIP1 (rs2048718, rs4988344, rs4986764, and rs6504074) and cancer risk. The results showed a decreased risk of rs2048718 or rs4986764 for cervical cancer rather than breast cancer in the overall population (P < 0.05). However, rs6504074 was associated with gynecologic cancer risk among overall population (P < 0.05). Further stratification analyses by ethnicity indicated that all 4 polymorphisms (rs2048718, rs4988344, rs4986764, and rs6504074) were strongly related to cancer susceptibility in Chinese people (P < 0.05). This meta-analysis showed that rs6504074 may play a decreased risk of gynecologic cancer in the overall population. Rs4988344, rs4986764, and rs6504074 were significantly related to decreasing cancer risk in Chinese population.

Purpose: Single nucleotide variations in the liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP, FABP1) gene lead to changes in cellular signaling pathways and lipid metabolism. FABP1 polymorphisms were associated with some liver diseases, like steatotic hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the association between FABP1 rs1545224 and rs2241883 polymorphisms and hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported. We performed this study to explore their relationship. Methods: One thousand individuals (250 healthy controls, 250 chronic HBV (CHB), 250 LC, and 250 HCC patients) were recruited. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were applied to assess the difference in allele and genotype frequencies. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to evaluate the cumulative effect. Significant difference would be defined when the P value was less than 0.05. Results: The distribution of rs1545224 GG, AG and AA genotypes in healthy controls or CHB carriers was not significant when compared to LC or HCC patients (P>0.05). LC patients carrying at least one A allele are more likely to develop HCC in contrast with those with G allele (P0.05). Conclusions: Taken together, FABP1 rs1545224 polymorphism might increase HCC risk in LC patients, indicating that FABP1 rs1545224 polymorphism may be related to the process of developing HCC in Chinese patients with LC.

In this work, a novel composite material based on β-cyclodextrin magnetic carbon nanotube (β-CD@MMWCNT) was developed by a one-pot method (in situ co-precipitation) and applied as an adsorbent to remove phenol from oily wastewater. The basic structure, surface morphology, as well as physical and chemical properties of the composite material were analyzed. β-CD@MMWCNT was successfully prepared, confirmed by the attachment of Fe3O4 and β-cyclodextrin particles on the surface. The adsorption behavior of phenol on β-CD@MMWCNT conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The adsorption was a spontaneous endothermic process, and the adsorption capacity calculated by Langmuir model was 67.67 mg/g at 20 °C. Moreover, the adsorbent still maintained 85% of the adsorption capacity after 7 cycles. Specially, the adsorbent was used to adsorb phenol from simulated oily wastewater, and the removal rate of phenol reached 92.6%. And the possible adsorption mechanisms were also proposed by infrared and Raman spectroscopy. In summary, β-CD@MMWCNT can be used as a potential adsorbent to remove phenol from oily wastewater.

Reproductive capacity in animals and women declines with increasing age. Although ovarian aging is considered as a main cause for the decline of pregnancy rate, whether uterine aging occurs remains unclear. Even if blastocysts are transferred from young donors to older pseudopregnant recipients, the rate of implantation is still low, suggesting the occurrence of uterine aging. In this study, we compared the pregnancy rate and the uterine responsiveness of steroid hormones in ovariectomized mice at age between 2- and 12-month-old. Compared to 2-month-old mice, there is a significant decrease of both pregnancy rate and the number of implantation sites in 12-month-old mice. In ovariectomized mice, the uterine responsiveness of steroid hormones is also significantly different between 2- and 12-month-old mice. On day 4, Muc1 and PR level in 12-month-old mice is significantly higher than that in 2-month-old mice, while Hand2 level is significantly lower in 12-month-old mice. Our data suggest that the abnormal responsiveness of steroid hormones may contribute to the decline of pregnancy rate in 12-month-old mice.

Tissue-engineered skin equivalent (TESE) is an optimized alternative for the treatment of skin defects. Designing and fabricating biomaterials with desired properties to load cells is critical for the approach. In this study, we aim to develop a novel TESE with recombinant human collagen (rHC) hydrogel and fibroblasts to improve full-thickness skin defect repair. First, the bioactive effect of rHC on fibroblast proliferation, migration and phenotype was assayed. The results showed that rHC had good biocompatibility and could stimulate fibroblasts migration and secrete various growth factors. Then, rHC was cross-linked with transglutaminase (TG) to prepare rHC hydrogel. Rheometer tests indicated that 10% rHC/TG hydrogel could reach a oscillate stress of 251 Pa and remained stable. Fibroblasts were seeded into rHC/TG hydrogel to prepare TESE. Confocal microscope and scanning electronic microscope observation showed that seeded fibroblasts survived well in the hydrogel. Finally, the therapeutic effect of the newly prepared TESE was tested in a mouse full-thickness skin defect model. The results demonstrated that TESE could significantly improve skin defect repair in vivo. Conclusively, TESE prepared from rHC and fibroblasts in this study exhibits great potential for clinical application in the future.

A novel green grafted polymer based on xanthan gum (XG) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was synthesized to suppress the corrosion of X80 steel in 1 M sulfuric acid. Weight loss measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization were utilized to test the corrosion inhibition effect of inhibitors. Compared with XG, β-CD-XG had the superior corrosion inhibition, reaching 94.85%. Adsorption experiments and surface analysis proved that inhibitor molecules shielded corrosive media by chemisorption on the metal surface, leading to anti-corrosion. This research provided a potential idea for corrosion protection of pipeline steel in the petroleum industry.

As vital infrastructures, high-speed railways support the development of transportation. To maintain the punctuality and safety of railway systems, researchers have employed manual and computer vision methods to monitor overhead contact systems (OCSs), but they have low efficiency. Investigators have also used light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to generate point clouds by emitting laser beams. The point cloud is segmented for automatic OCS recognition, which improves recognition efficiency. However, existing LiDAR point cloud segmentation methods have high computational/model complexity and latency. In addition, they cannot adapt to embedded devices with different architectures. To overcome these issues, this article presents a lightweight neural network EffNet consisting of three modules: ExtractA, AttenA, and AttenB. ExtractA extracts the features from the disordered and irregular point clouds of an OCS. AttenA keeps information flowing in EffNet while extracting useful features. AttenB uses channel and spatialwise statistics to enhance important features and suppress unimportant ones efficiently. To further speed up EffNet and match it with diverse architectures, we optimized it with a generation framework of tensor programs and deployed it on embedded systems with different architectures. Extensive experiments demonstrated that EffNet has at least a 0.57% higher mean accuracy, but with 25.00% and 9.30% lower computational and model complexity for OCS recognition than others, respectively. The optimized EffNet can be adapted to different architectures. Its latency decreased by 51.97%, 56.47%, 63.63%, 82.58%, 85.85%, and 91.97% on the NVIDIA Nano CPU, TX2 CPU, UP Board CPU, Nano GPU, TX2 GPU, and RTX 2,080 Ti GPU, respectively.

In this work, we report a simple and effective method for enhancing the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE) via singularity induced by destructive interference in an ultrathin uniaxial slab. Deriving from anisotropy, the incident angles corresponding to destructive interference for p - and s -polarized waves will be deviated, leading to an enhancement peak in transverse spin shift. Interestingly, by adjusting the thickness of slab, the destructive interference and the Brewster effect can act together. At this point, the photonic SHE exhibits great singularity, and the maximum transverse spin shift can approach about three times more than that of the Brewster effect acting alone. This Letter reveals the influence of the interference effect on photonic SHE in layered media and provides a simple way to achieve enhanced photonic SHE.

The halide perovskite films suffer from poor photoelectrochemical performance in aqueous solution, inhibiting their further industrial deployment. Here, we propose a new concept of “cosensitized perovskites” that employ the cosensitization strategy to improve the photoelectrochemical properties of the prototypical CH 3NH3PbI3 film in the aqueous solution via two commercial coumarin dyes. The resulting photocurrent of the cosensitization-modified perovskite film in the aqueous solution increases by 40 % than those of the single dye-based films, and is several orders of magnitude higher than that offered by the bare perovskite film under the same conditions. The first-principles calculations reveal the detailed atomic and electronic structures of the cosensitized systems, and suggest that the improved photoelectrochemical performance is attributed to the multiple types of surface coordination when the cosensitization is available and the conjugation in the dye molecules; these effectively reduce the surface charge traps. This study serves as the first example to highlight the cosensitization strategy for the perovskite materials, and expects the cosensitization method for a wide range of perovskite-based applications, including solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, photocatalysts, and water-splitting systems.

β-cyclodextrin was covalently grafted onto the surface of magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes to synthesize a novel composite material (denoted as β-CD@Fe3O4/MWCNT). The structure of the magnetic material was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR spectroscopy), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and specific surface area (BET). The results from SEM showed that the dispersion of carbon nanotubes was better after β-cyclodextrin was compounded. TGA indicated that about 7.1% of the β-cyclodextrin was grafted onto the surface of the magnetic carbon nanotubes. In addition, β-CD@Fe3O4/MWCNT had larger specific surface area and pore volume. The adsorption of nickel ions on β-CD@Fe3O4/MWCNT was affected by pH, temperature and adsorption time. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model describe the adsorption process well. Thermodynamic data showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic, and the maximum adsorption amount of nickel ions (Ni2+) on the β-CD@Fe3O4/MWCNT was 103 mg g−1 at room temperature. Moreover, regeneration experiments showed that the adsorbent still maintained a high adsorption capacity after 5 cycles. On this basis, the interaction mechanism between magnetic nanoparticles and Ni2+ was discussed. In summary, as an environmentally friendly adsorbent, β-CD@Fe3O4/MWCNT has the potential to remove nickel ions from wastewater.

For applications in portable electronics and miniaturized energy storage devices, MXene films derived from MXene inks can be provided as promising electrodes for thin film supercapacitors. Hence, to improve the areal capacitance of MXene films is necessary for pursuing high energy density. Introduction of transitional metal oxides (TMOs) layers into MXene electrodes obviously enhances the areal capacitance since of the extra pseudocapacitance induced by the surface/near surface redox reactions. The severe oxidation of MXene in combination with TMOs, however, hinders the effective improvements in capacitance. Laser crystallization process can effectively alleviate the oxidation of MXene when TMOs is prepared due to the high temperature localization and ultrafast reaction speed. Here, a sandwich-like MXene/Fe3O4/MXene film with a porous Fe3O4 layer is successfully prepared on a flexible Ni tape, showing an excellent electrochemical performance. In 1 M Li2SO4 aqueous electrolyte, the sandwich-like electrode demonstrates 46.4 mF cm−2 at the current density of 0.5 mA cm−2. The as-constructed symmetric all-solid-state device displays an energy density of 0.970 μWh cm−2 at a power density of 0.176 mW cm−2 along with a good cycling stability. This work opens up a new opportunity for modifying MXene films as electrodes for high-performance thin film supercapacitors.

Cong Dai,1,* Meng Wang,1,* Jun Lu,2,* Zhiming Dai,3 Shuai Lin,1 Pengtao Yang,1 Tian Tian,1 Xinghan Liu,1 Weili Min,1 Zhijun Dai1 1Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 3Department of Anesthesia, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: PD-L1 has been reported to be expressed in diverse human malignancies. However, the prognostic value of PD-L1 in digestive system cancers remains inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic impact of PD-L1 expression in digestive system cancers.Materials and methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure for publications concerning PD-L1 expression in digestive system cancers. Correlations of PD-L1 expression level with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed.Results: Finally, 32 studies with 7,308 patients were included. Our results show that PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with poorer OS (hazard ratio [HR] =1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.18–1.76, P

GaNMn 3 /Epoxy composites were prepared by using negative thermal expansion GaNMn 3 powders as the metallic filler. By increasing the loading level of GaNMn 3 powders, the hardness and heat conductivity were improved comparing with that of neat epoxy. When the loading level lies in 42 vol.% - 58 vol.% for GaNMn 3 -0.7 μm and 26 vol.% - 43 vol.% for GaNMn 3 -2.3 μm, the composites present low thermal expansion (the absolute value of linear thermal coefficient is less than 10 ppm/K), weak dielectric loss (less than 0.04), and the dielectric constants exceed 25, exhibiting great potential for applications in embedded-capacitor fields.

// Zhi-Jun Dai 1, * , Xing-Han Liu 1, * , Meng Wang 1, * , Yan Guo 2 , Wenge Zhu 3 , Xiao Li 4 , Shuai Lin 1 , Tian Tian 1 , Kang Liu 1 , Yi Zheng 1 , Peng Xu 1 , Tianbo Jin 5 and Xiaopeng Li 6 1 Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China 2 School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical School, Washington, DC, USA 4 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China 5 National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China 6 Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Xiaopeng Li, email: xiaopengli8@126.com Zhi-Jun Dai, email: dzj0911@126.com Keywords: IL-18, HBV, susceptibility Received: February 24, 2017 Accepted: June 04, 2017 Published: June 17, 2017 ABSTRACT IL-18 polymorphisms influence the transcriptional activity of the IL-18 gene and associated with various diseases. However, their relationships with hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases had not reached a consensus. So we conducted this case-control study with a view to clarifying the association. We included four groups: healthy controls, chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) carriers, liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) groups with each group of 250 persons. Odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) with or without adjustment were calculated. Haplotype analysis was also performed. The results showed people carrying rs187238 CG genotype had a lower risk of LC (CG vs. CC: OR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.38–0.91, P = 0.02), while GG genotype carriers had a higher risk of HCC (GG vs. CC+CG: OR = 4.73, 95%CI = 1.01–22.1, P = 0.03) than those with CC and CG genotypes in healthy group. Rs187238 GG genotype increased the risk from CHB to LC status (GG vs. CC: OR = 4.81, 95%CI = 1.03–22.6; GG vs. CC+CG: OR = 4.73, 95%CI = 1.01–22.1), meanwhile the trend also existed by controlling confounding factors (GG vs. CC: OR = 6.25, 95%CI = 1.09–35.8; GG vs. CC+CG: OR = 5.91, 95%CI = 1.04–33.7). Haplotype Crs187238Trs1946518 moderately decreased the risk of CHB carriers developing into HCC (OR = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.50–0.96, P = 0.03) after adjustment. In conclusion, IL-18 rs187238 GG genotype may increase the risk of HCC in healthy population and the risk of LC in CHB carriers.

// Zhe Dou 1, * , Shuai Lin 1, * , Cong Dai 1, * , Ye Lu 2 , Tian Tian 1 , Meng Wang 1 , Xinghan Liu 1 , Yi Zheng 1 , Peng Xu 1 , Shanli Li 1 , Qianwen Sheng 1 , Yujiao Deng 1 and Zhijun Dai 1 1 Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China 2 Department of Student Affairs, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China * ZD, SL and CD have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Zhijun Dai, email: dzj0911@126.com , dzj0911@ xjtu.edu.cn Keywords: miRNA-100, diagnosis, prognosis, meta-analysis Received: December 14, 2016 Accepted: May 15, 2017 Published: June 27, 2017 ABSTRACT Many studies manifested miRNA-100 was deregulated in various cancers, which indicated that miRNA-100 might be a potential biomarker of cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the role of miRNA-100 was still uncertain. We searched for qualified studies using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane library and CNKI databases. The diagnostic effect was evaluated by the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and other indexes. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) were calculated to assess the prognostic value. This meta-analysis included 7 and 19 studies about diagnosis and prognosis, respectively. The results of pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were 0.75 (95%CI: 0.71-0.78), 0.74 (95%CI: 0.69-0.78), 2.61 (95%CI: 1.81-3.76), 0.33 (95%CI: 0.24-0.45), 8.46 (95%CI: 4.85-14.77), respectively. And, the area under SROC curve (AUC) was 0.8141. We also found that lower expression of miRNA-100 in cancer tissues could significantly predict poorer prognosis in overall cancer (HR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.39-0.90), especially in genital system tumors (HR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.27-0.66, P = 0.431), bladder cancer (HR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.06-0.73, P = 0.143) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.13-0.52, P = 0.164). Our studies concluded that miRNA-100 has a certain value in diagnosis and it may indicate a poor prognosis of cancers.

Herein, we report the effect of the high-magnetic-field (HMF) sintering on the structural, electrical and thermal transport properties of the layered Bi2Sr2Co2Oy. Based on the results of x-ray diffraction and microtopography, we find the grains prefer to the oriented growth along the direction of applied magnetic field, leading to a higher textured degree and anisotropy. Correspondingly, the in-plane conductivity increases while the out-of-plane one reduces with increasing sintering magnetic field. At the same time, the in-plane thermopower shows an obvious enhancement after the HMF sintering, which mainly originates in the spin state transition of Co4+ ions. As a result, a remarkable enhancement of the in-plane thermoelectric figure-of-merit is obtained in the sample after the HMF sintering (8 T).

// Yi Zheng 1, 2, * , Meng Wang 2, * , Tian Tian 2, * , Kang Liu 2 , Xinghan Liu 2 , Yajing Zhai 1 , Shuai Lin 2 , Pengtao Yang 2 , Shanli Li 2 , Zhijun Dai 2 , Jun Lu 1 1 Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, China 2 Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710004, China * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Jun Lu, email: lujun2006@xjtu.edu.cn Zhijun Dai, email: dzj0911@126.com Keywords: interluekin-12, cancer risk, polymorphism, meta-analysis Received: December 31, 2016 Accepted: February 27, 2017 Published: March 10, 2017 ABSTRACT Many molecular epidemiologic studies have explored the possible links between interleukin-12 (IL-12) polymorphisms and various cancers. However, results from these studies remain inconsistent. This meta-analysis is aimed to shed light on the associations between three common loci (rs568408, rs2243115, rs3212227) of IL-12 gene and overall cancer risk. Our meta-analysis finally included 33 studies comprising 10,587 cancer cases and 12,040 cancer-free controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the cancer risk. We observed a significant association between IL-12B rs3212227 and overall cancer risk, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharyngeal cancer, and among Asians. IL-12A polymorphisms (rs2243115 and rs568408) were found no influence on overall cancer risk. Nevertheless, stratification analyses demonstrated that rs568408 polymorphism contributed to increasing cancer risk of Caucasians and cervical cancer. And, rs2243115 may enhance the risk of brain tumor. These findings provided evidence that IL-12 polymorphisms may play a potential role in cancer risk.

Previous studies have investigated the role of miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-196a-2 rs11614913 polymorphisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) susceptibility, but the results are contradictory and few specifically studied hepatitis virus-related HCC. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between these two polymorphisms and hepatitis virus-related HCC risk. We performed a systematical search in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases as of 25th November, 2016. Finally, we assessed 14 studies involving 3852 cases and 5275 controls. Our results suggest that rs2910164 has a significant association with increased hepatitis virus-related HCC risk in allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, and dominant models (CG+GG vs. CC: OR=1.22, 95% CI=1.06-1.39, P=0.004), particularly in Chinese and HBV-related HCC subgroups. Conversely, rs11614913 was associated with lower hepatitis virus-related HCC risk in the overall analysis under allelic (T vs. C: OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.74-0.98, P=0.02), homozygous, dominant and recessive models. Subgroup analyses showed decreased risk in Chinese, HBV- and HCV-related HCC. In conclusion, miR-146a C>G (rs2910164) can increase HBV-related HCC risk while miR-196a-2 C>T (rs11614913) may decrease the risk of HBV- and HCV-related HCC, especially in the Chinese population. Further, large-scale studies including other races are required to confirm these findings.

Tetragonal GeNFe3 has a second-order ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic transition at 76 K. Our integrated investigations indicate that the ground FM state is frustrated and the tetragonal symmetry is retained below 550 K based on the results of variable temperature X-ray diffraction. Critical behavior was analyzed by a systematic bulk magnetization study. The estimated critical exponents by three different methods (modified Arrott plot, the Kouvel–Fisher method, and critical isotherm analysis) conformably suggest that long-range magnetic coupling described by mean-field (MF) theoretical model is dominant in GeNFe3. The experimental M–T–H data collapse into two independent branches according to the scaling equations m = f±(h) with the renormalized magnetization m = e−βM(H, e) and the magnetic field h = He−(β+γ). The exchange distance is estimated as J(r) ∼ r−4.8 on the basis of the β and γ values, which lies between the long-range MF model (r−4.5) and the short-range 3D Heisenberg (3DH) model (r−5). Our results indicate that the competition between local magnetic moments of iron 3d electronic state and itinerant covalent interactions of N–Fe bonds should be responsible for critical behavior in this system.

We report the effects of chemical doping on thermoelectric properties of metal-based thermoelectric materials Sn 1− x M x CCo 3 ( M = Ag, In, Ge, Pb, Sb, Te, and Bi) with antiperovskite structure. Compared to parent compound SnCCo 3 , both Seebeck coefficient ( S ) and figure of merit ( ZT ) can be effectively enhanced by hole doping, while a decreased S and ZT appear in equivalent- and electron-doped SnCCo 3 . Among all the doped samples, the maximum ZT value of 0.045(1) is obtained in Sn 0.95 Ag 0.05 CCo 3 , which is about 50% larger than that of parent compound SnCCo 3 (ZT ∼ 0.03). This enhanced ZT is mainly attributed to the increased S induced by locally modified density of states near Fermi level. In addition, our optimized ZT value (∼0.045, at 235 K) is relatively large compared with other typical low-temperature thermoelectric materials.

In recent years, the IC industry continues to drive demand in the consumer market, and more global sales of smart-phones, smart-watches and tablets have continued to grow. In order to continuously enhance high performance computing, the consumer products pursued began to integrate HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) to strong and powerful mainstream market. With the shrinking use space pursued by consumer products, it is necessary to continuously develop lighter and thinner products, and under such product conditions, it seems that the risks and difficulties of advanced packaging technology will be expected. Due to the ministration application, the warpage issue is the most influential factor in the following development of packaging technology. In this paper, we would like to overcome the poor strip warpage, not only to choose the EMC material form CTE property, but to think about improving the warpage from the machine process. The residual stress generated by the molding process of thermosetting resins exerts serious influences upon the mechanical properties, so we use Laser area beam processing to reheat the EMC and use the vacuum suction to reshape the warpage deformation. In this case, we verify the laser radiation time and peak temperature control of different strip types (including molded, thermal taped and ball attached molded strip) and EMC wafer form. We succeed to improve the maximum strip warpage from 17 um to 1um; wafer form from 13um to 3.5um. This laser beam reshape technology is proven to solve the warpage significantly for high density assembly.

Embryo implantation is essential to the successful establishment of pregnancy. A previous study has demonstrated that actinomycin D (ActD) could initiate the activation of mouse delayed implantation. However, the mechanism underlying this activation remains to be elucidated. A low dose of ActD is an inducer of nucleolar stress. This study was to examine whether nucleolar stress is involved in embryo implantation. We showed that nucleolar stress occurred when delayed implantation was activated by ActD in mice. ActD treatment also stimulated the Lif-STAT3 pathway. During early pregnancy, nucleolar stress was detected in the luminal epithelial cells during the receptive phase. Blastocyst-derived lactate could induce nucleolar stress in cultured luminal epithelial cells. The inhibition of nucleophosmin1 (NPM1), which was a marker of nucleolar stress, compromised uterine receptivity and decreased the implantation rates in pregnant mice. To translate these mouse data into humans, we examined nucleolar stress in human endometrium. Our data demonstrated that ActD-induced nucleolar stress had positive effects on the embryo attachment by upregulating IL32 expression in non-receptive epithelial cells rather than receptive epithelial cells. Our data should be the first to demonstrate that nucleolar stress is present during early pregnancy and is able to induce embryo implantation in both mice and humans.

The Clark-Ocone formula in the theory of discrete-time chaotic calculus holds only for square integrable functionals of discrete-time normal noises. In this paper, we aim at extending this formula to generalized functionals of discrete-time normal noises. Let Z be a discrete-time normal noise that has the chaotic representation property. We first prove a result concerning the regularity of generalized functionals of Z. Then, we use the Fock transform to define some fundamental operators on generalized functionals of Z and apply the abovementioned regularity result to prove the continuity of these operators. Finally, we establish the Clark-Ocone formula for generalized functionals of Z and show its application results, which include the covariant identity result and the variant upper bound result for generalized functionals of Z.

Four Hg-based IR nonlinear-optical materials, AHgSnQ