3,500 results on '"Shang, H."'
Search Results
202. Age differences in remote pointing performance
- Author
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Hsu, Shang H., Huang, Chien C., Tsuang, Yang H., and Sun, Jui S.
- Subjects
Computer literacy -- Psychological aspects ,Mouse devices (Computers) -- Usage ,Eye-hand coordination -- Testing ,Motor ability -- Testing ,Health ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate age differences in remote pointing movements. The subjects were recruited from three age groups (ages 18-22 yr., 40-50 yr., and 60-70 yr., with 9 men and 9 women in each group). They were required to perform cursor-positioning tasks using a remote pointing device, in which the dependent measures were the time taken to reposition the cursor and the accuracy of subjects' movement trajectories. The movement time was further separated into two components, First Submovement duration and Adjustment Submovement duration. Analysis indicated that age groups showed reduced performance on remote pointing. Moreover, remote positioning movement for the young-adult group was mostly completed in their First Submovement phase, while the elderly subjects spent most of their movement time on the Adjustment Submovement phase. These results support the proposition that different age groups exhibit different kinds of movement patterns.
- Published
- 1997
203. Germanium channel MOSFETs: opportunities and challenges
- Author
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Shang, H., Frank, M.M., Gusev, E.P., Chu, J.O., Bedell, S.W., Guarini, K.W., and Ieong, M.
- Subjects
Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors -- Materials ,Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors -- Research ,Germanium -- Usage ,Germanium -- Research - Abstract
This paper reviews progress and current critical issues with respect to the integration of germanium (Ge) surface-channel MOSFET devices as well as strained-Ge buried-channel MOSFET structures. The device design and sealability of strained-Ge buried-channel MOSFETs are discussed on the basis of our recent results. CMOS-compatible integration approaches of Ge channel devices are presented.
- Published
- 2006
204. EFFECTS OF GEOMETRIC FORM FEATURES ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECT CATEGORIZATION
- Author
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HSU, SHANG H., CHANG, WUEFAY, and CHUANG, MING-CHUEN
- Published
- 2005
205. Clinical and molecular genetic evaluation of patients with primary dystonia
- Author
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Shang, H., Clerc, N., Lang, D., Kaelin-Lang, A., and Burgunder, J.-M.
- Published
- 2005
206. Tries for approximate string matching
- Author
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Shang, H. and Merrettal, T.H.
- Subjects
Database searching -- Research ,Information storage and retrieval -- Research ,Business ,Computers ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Abstract
Tries offer text searches with costs which are independent of the size of the document being searched, and so are important for large documents requiring spelling checkers, case insensitivity, and limited approximate regular secondary storage. Approximate searches, in which the search pattern differs from the document by k substitutions, transpositions, insertions or deletions, have hitherto been carried out only at costs linear in the size of the document. We present a trie-based method whose cost is independent of document size. Our experiments show that this new method significantly outperforms the nearest competitor for k = 0 and k = 1, which are arguably the most important cases. The linear cost (in k) of the other methods begins to catch up, for our small files, only at k = 2. For larger files, complexity arguments indicate that tries will outperform the linear methods for larger values of k. Trie indexes combine suffixes and so are compact in storage. When the text itself does not need to be stored, as in a spelling checker, we even obtain negative overhead: 50% compression. We discuss a variety of applications and extensions, including best match (for spelling checkers), case insensitivity, and limited approximate regular expression matching. Index Terms - Approximate matching, text search, trie.
- Published
- 1996
207. Forestry problems and air pollution in China and Korea.
- Author
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Shang, H., primary, Kim, Y. K., additional, and Xu, D., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
208. SCOPE: SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution – Survey Description and Compact Source Catalogue
- Author
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Eden, D J, Liu, Tie, Kim, Kee-Tae, Juvela, M, Liu, S -Y, Tatematsu, K, Di Francesco, J, Wang, K, Wu, Y, Thompson, M A, Fuller, G A, Li, Di, Ristorcelli, I, Kang, Sung-ju, Hirano, N, Johnstone, D, Lin, Y, He, J H, Koch, P M, Sanhueza, Patricio, Qin, S -L, Zhang, Q, Goldsmith, P F, Evans, N J, Yuan, J, Zhang, C -P, White, G J, Choi, Minho, Won Lee, Chang, Toth, L V, Mairs, S, Yi, H -W, Tang, M, Soam, A, Peretto, N, Samal, M R, Fich, M, Parsons, H, Malinen, J, Bendo, G J, Rivera-Ingraham, A, Liu, H -L, Wouterloot, J, Li, P S, Qian, L, Rawlings, J, Rawlings, M G, Feng, S, Wang, B, Li, Dalei, Liu, M, Luo, G, Marston, A P, Pattle, K M, Pelkonen, V -M, Rigby, A J, Zahorecz, S, Zhang, G, Bőgner, R, Aikawa, Y, Akhter, S, Alina, D, Bell, G, Bernard, J -P, Blain, A, Bronfman, L, Byun, D -Y, Chapman, S, Chen, H -R, Chen, M, Chen, W -P, Chen, X, Chen, Xuepeng, Chrysostomou, A, Chu, Y -H, Chung, E J, Cornu, D, Cosentino, G, Cunningham, M R, Demyk, K, Drabek-Maunder, E, Doi, Y, Eswaraiah, C, Falgarone, E, Fehér, O, Fraser, H, Friberg, P, Garay, G, Ge, J X, Gear, W K, Greaves, J, Guan, X, Harvey-Smith, L, Hasegawa, T, He, Y, Henkel, C, Hirota, T, Holland, W, Hughes, A, Jarken, E, Ji, T -G, Jimenez-Serra, I, Kang, Miju, Kawabata, K S, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Jungha, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, S, Koo, B -C, Kwon, Woojin, Kuan, Y -J, Lacaille, K M, Lai, S -P, Lee, C F, Lee, J -E, Lee, Y -U, Li, H, Lo, N, Lopez, J A P, Lu, X, Lyo, A -R, Mardones, D, McGehee, P, Meng, F, Montier, L, Montillaud, J, Moore, T J T, Morata, O, Moriarty-Schieven, G H, Ohashi, S, Pak, S, Park, Geumsook, Paladini, R, Pech, G, Qiu, K, Ren, Z -Y, Richer, J, Sakai, T, Shang, H, Shinnaga, H, Stamatellos, Dimitris, Tang, Y -W, Traficante, A, Vastel, C, Viti, S, Walsh, A, Wang, H, Wang, J, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Whitworth, A, Wilson, C D, Xu, Y, Yang, J, Yuan, Y -L, Yuan, L, Zavagno, A, Zhang, C, Zhang, H -W, Zhou, C, Zhou, J, Zhu, L, Zuo, P, Eden, D J, Liu, Tie, Kim, Kee-Tae, Juvela, M, Liu, S -Y, Tatematsu, K, Di Francesco, J, Wang, K, Wu, Y, Thompson, M A, Fuller, G A, Li, Di, Ristorcelli, I, Kang, Sung-ju, Hirano, N, Johnstone, D, Lin, Y, He, J H, Koch, P M, Sanhueza, Patricio, Qin, S -L, Zhang, Q, Goldsmith, P F, Evans, N J, Yuan, J, Zhang, C -P, White, G J, Choi, Minho, Won Lee, Chang, Toth, L V, Mairs, S, Yi, H -W, Tang, M, Soam, A, Peretto, N, Samal, M R, Fich, M, Parsons, H, Malinen, J, Bendo, G J, Rivera-Ingraham, A, Liu, H -L, Wouterloot, J, Li, P S, Qian, L, Rawlings, J, Rawlings, M G, Feng, S, Wang, B, Li, Dalei, Liu, M, Luo, G, Marston, A P, Pattle, K M, Pelkonen, V -M, Rigby, A J, Zahorecz, S, Zhang, G, Bőgner, R, Aikawa, Y, Akhter, S, Alina, D, Bell, G, Bernard, J -P, Blain, A, Bronfman, L, Byun, D -Y, Chapman, S, Chen, H -R, Chen, M, Chen, W -P, Chen, X, Chen, Xuepeng, Chrysostomou, A, Chu, Y -H, Chung, E J, Cornu, D, Cosentino, G, Cunningham, M R, Demyk, K, Drabek-Maunder, E, Doi, Y, Eswaraiah, C, Falgarone, E, Fehér, O, Fraser, H, Friberg, P, Garay, G, Ge, J X, Gear, W K, Greaves, J, Guan, X, Harvey-Smith, L, Hasegawa, T, He, Y, Henkel, C, Hirota, T, Holland, W, Hughes, A, Jarken, E, Ji, T -G, Jimenez-Serra, I, Kang, Miju, Kawabata, K S, Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Jungha, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, S, Koo, B -C, Kwon, Woojin, Kuan, Y -J, Lacaille, K M, Lai, S -P, Lee, C F, Lee, J -E, Lee, Y -U, Li, H, Lo, N, Lopez, J A P, Lu, X, Lyo, A -R, Mardones, D, McGehee, P, Meng, F, Montier, L, Montillaud, J, Moore, T J T, Morata, O, Moriarty-Schieven, G H, Ohashi, S, Pak, S, Park, Geumsook, Paladini, R, Pech, G, Qiu, K, Ren, Z -Y, Richer, J, Sakai, T, Shang, H, Shinnaga, H, Stamatellos, Dimitris, Tang, Y -W, Traficante, A, Vastel, C, Viti, S, Walsh, A, Wang, H, Wang, J, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Whitworth, A, Wilson, C D, Xu, Y, Yang, J, Yuan, Y -L, Yuan, L, Zavagno, A, Zhang, C, Zhang, H -W, Zhou, C, Zhou, J, Zhu, L, and Zuo, P
- Abstract
We present the first release of the data and compact-source catalogue for the JCMT Large Program SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution (SCOPE). SCOPE consists of 850-μm continuum observations of 1235 Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) made with the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. These data are at an angular resolution of 14.4 arcsec, significantly improving upon the 353-GHz resolution of Planck at 5 arcmin, and allowing for a catalogue of 3528 compact sources in 558 PGCCs. We find that the detected PGCCs have significant sub-structure, with 61 per cent of detected PGCCs having 3 or more compact sources, with filamentary structure also prevalent within the sample. A detection rate of 45 per cent is found across the survey, which is 95 per cent complete to Planck column densities of N H 2 NH2 > 5 × 1021 cm−2. By positionally associating the SCOPE compact sources with YSOs, the star formation efficiency, as measured by the ratio of luminosity to mass, in nearby clouds is found to be similar to that in the more distant Galactic Plane, with the column density distributions also indistinguishable from each other.
- Published
- 2019
209. Holographic inspection of plates with regions of local thinning as defects
- Author
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Shang, H. M., Tay, T. E., and Lwin, M.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
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210. Holographic inspection of laminated plates containing two fully-overlapping identical debonds
- Author
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Shang, H. M., Toh, S. L., Chau, F. S., Tay, C. J., and Tay, T. E.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
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211. Estimating the depth and width of arbitrarily-oriented disbonds in laminates using shearography
- Author
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Shang, H. M., Chau, F. S., Tay, C. J., and Toh, S. L.
- Published
- 1990
- Full Text
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212. Production of oxalate in the culture supernate of Burkholderia pseudomallei
- Author
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Shang, H., Thong, J. T. W., Gopalakrishnakone, P., Lee, M. A., Yap, E. P. H., Moochhala, S., and Yap, E. H.
- Published
- 2001
213. CeO2–Co3O4/CuO Catalysts with Chrysanthemum-Like Morphology for Preferential CO Oxidation
- Author
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Su P. Ding, Shang H. Zeng, Yue Fei, Hai Q. Su, Qi Wang, Yan Wang, and Na Liu
- Subjects
Diffraction ,Materials science ,Morphology (linguistics) ,010405 organic chemistry ,Scanning electron microscope ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,macromolecular substances ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Protein filament ,Chemical engineering ,Transmission electron microscopy ,General Materials Science - Abstract
Inverse CeO₂-Co₃O₄/CuO catalysts with chrysanthemum-like morphology were prepared by the co-precipitation method, and characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. It is found that the filament is composed of ordered-array CuO nanocrystallites, and CeO₂ was dispersed on the outer surface of filament. The CeO₂-Co₃O₄/CuO catalyst with thin filaments can form the long periphery at the CeO₂-CuO contact interface and improve catalytic performance. Therefore, the CAT-350 catalyst with the thinnest filaments presents the highest catalytic activity among the as-prepared catalysts.
- Published
- 2016
214. EPD058 - DESIGN OF A FLASH-RT EXPERIMENT USING A MEDICAL PROTON INJECTION LINAC
- Author
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Liu, J., Liao, W., Pu, Y., Zhang, M., Wu, C., An, C., Yan, N., Sun, X., and Shang, H.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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215. Evaluation of the allergenicity of tropical pollen and airborne spores in Singapore
- Author
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Chew, F. T., Lim, S. H., Shang, H. S., Siti Dahlia, M. D., Goh, D. Y. T., Lee, B. W., Tan, H. T. W., and Tan, T. K.
- Published
- 2000
216. Computation of Coupled Thermal-Fluid Problems in Distributed Memory Environment
- Author
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Wei, H, Shang, H. M, and Chen, Y. S
- Subjects
Fluid Mechanics And Thermodynamics - Abstract
The thermal-fluid coupling problems are very important to aerospace and engineering applications. Instead of analyzing heat transfer and fluid flow separately, this study merged two well-accepted engineering solution methods, SINDA for thermal analysis and FDNS for fluid flow simulation, into a unified multi-disciplinary thermal fluid prediction method. A fully conservative patched grid interface algorithm for arbitrary two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometry has been developed. The state-of-the-art parallel computing concept was used to couple SINDA and FDNS for the communication of boundary conditions through PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) libraries. Therefore, the thermal analysis performed by SINDA and the fluid flow calculated by FDNS are fully coupled to obtain steady state or transient solutions. The natural convection between two thick-walled eccentric tubes was calculated and the predicted results match the experiment data perfectly. A 3-D rocket engine model and a real 3-D SSME geometry were used to test the current model, and the reasonable temperature field was obtained.
- Published
- 2001
217. A draft reference genome sequence for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
- Author
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Yanqiu Wei, Shang H, Qiu W, Liu J, Zhao Q, Yumin Fang, Jiyun Yang, Xu Z, Yao Hu, Liang-Zhong Yang, Cathie Martin, Man Cui, and Chen Xiaohu
- Subjects
Molecular breeding ,Reference genome sequence ,Scutellaria baicalensis ,Genomics ,Computational biology ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Genome ,Genome size - Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is an important medicinal plant used worldwide. Information about the genome of this species is important for scientists studying the metabolic pathways that synthesise the bioactive compounds in this plant. Here, we report a draft reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis obtained by a combination of Illumina and PacBio sequencing, which was assembled using 10 X Genomics and Hi-C technologies. We assembled 386.63 Mb of the 408.14 Mb genome, amounting to about 94.73% of the total genome size, and the sequences were anchored onto 9 pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. The reference genome sequence of S. baicalensis offers an important foundation for understanding the biosynthetic pathways for bioactive compounds in this medicinal plant and for its improvement through molecular breeding.
- Published
- 2018
218. Automation technology to increase productivity and reduce energy consumption in deep underground mining operations
- Author
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Moreau, K., primary, Bose, R., additional, Shang, H., additional, and Scott, J. A., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
219. Low friction coefficient of superhard nc-TiC/a-C:H nanocomposite coatings deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc
- Author
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Luo, J, primary, Ou, Y X, additional, Zhang, Z Q, additional, Pang, P, additional, Chen, L, additional, Liao, B, additional, Shang, H Z, additional, Zhang, X, additional, and Wu, X Y, additional
- Published
- 2019
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220. Long-term oncological outcomes after laparoscopic versus open radical hysterectomy in stage IB1 cervical cancer patients with tumor size ≤2cm and without lymph-node metastasis
- Author
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Yan, X., primary, Zhao, N., additional, Chen, X., additional, Ye, P., additional, Xu, L., additional, Nan, X., additional, Shang, H., additional, and Zhao, H., additional
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- 2019
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221. Retraction: Bax channel triplet: co-operativity and voltage gating
- Author
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Lin, Shang H., primary, Cherian, Nuval, additional, Wu, Benjamin, additional, Phee, Hyo, additional, Cho, Christy, additional, and Colombini, Marco, additional
- Published
- 2019
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222. Adherence to Maintenance Medications Among Chinese Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients: A Retrospective Claims Database Study
- Author
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Chen, R., primary, Gao, Y., additional, Wang, H., additional, Shen, N., additional, Shang, H., additional, You, X., additional, Ling, X., additional, and Xuan, J., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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223. Association of Inhaled Corticosteroid Combination Adherence with Resource Use and Cost Among COPD Patients: A Retrospective Database Study
- Author
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Chen, R., primary, Gao, Y., additional, Wang, H., additional, Shen, N., additional, Shang, H., additional, You, X., additional, Ling, X., additional, and Xuan, J., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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224. Overexpression of AdeABC efflux pump associated with tigecycline resistance in clinical Acinetobacter nosocomialis isolates
- Author
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Yang, Y.-S., primary, Chen, H.-Y., additional, Hsu, W.-J., additional, Chou, Y.-C., additional, Perng, C.-L., additional, Shang, H.-S., additional, Hsiao, Y.-T., additional, Sun, J.-R., additional, Chang, Y.-Y., additional, Liu, Y.-M., additional, Kuo, S.-C., additional, Liu, C.-P., additional, Chen, T.-L., additional, Lee, Y.-T., additional, and Yang, Y.-S., additional
- Published
- 2019
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225. Semiparametric Regression Using Variational Approximations
- Author
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Hui, Francis K. C., primary, You, C., additional, Shang, H. L., additional, and Müller, Samuel, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
226. SCOPE: SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution – survey description and compact source catalogue
- Author
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Eden, D J, primary, Liu, Tie, additional, Kim, Kee-Tae, additional, Juvela, M, additional, Liu, S-Y, additional, Tatematsu, K, additional, Francesco, J. Di, additional, Wang, K, additional, Wu, Y, additional, Thompson, M A, additional, Fuller, G A, additional, Li, Di, additional, Ristorcelli, I, additional, Kang, Sung-ju, additional, Hirano, N, additional, Johnstone, D, additional, Lin, Y, additional, He, J H, additional, Koch, P M, additional, Sanhueza, Patricio, additional, Qin, S-L, additional, Zhang, Q, additional, Goldsmith, P F, additional, Evans, N J, additional, Yuan, J, additional, Zhang, C-P, additional, White, G J, additional, Choi, Minho, additional, Lee, Chang Won, additional, Toth, L V, additional, Mairs, S, additional, Yi, H-W, additional, Tang, M, additional, Soam, A, additional, Peretto, N, additional, Samal, M R, additional, Fich, M, additional, Parsons, H, additional, Malinen, J, additional, Bendo, G J, additional, Rivera-Ingraham, A, additional, Liu, H-L, additional, Wouterloot, J, additional, Li, P S, additional, Qian, L, additional, Rawlings, J, additional, Rawlings, M G, additional, Feng, S, additional, Wang, B, additional, Li, Dalei, additional, Liu, M, additional, Luo, G, additional, Marston, A P, additional, Pattle, K M, additional, Pelkonen, V-M, additional, Rigby, A J, additional, Zahorecz, S, additional, Zhang, G, additional, Bőgner, R, additional, Aikawa, Y, additional, Akhter, S, additional, Alina, D, additional, Bell, G, additional, Bernard, J-P, additional, Blain, A, additional, Bronfman, L, additional, Byun, D-Y, additional, Chapman, S, additional, Chen, H-R, additional, Chen, M, additional, Chen, W-P, additional, Chen, X, additional, Chen, Xuepeng, additional, Chrysostomou, A, additional, Chu, Y-H, additional, Chung, E J, additional, Cornu, D, additional, Cosentino, G, additional, Cunningham, M R, additional, Demyk, K, additional, Drabek-Maunder, E, additional, Doi, Y, additional, Eswaraiah, C, additional, Falgarone, E, additional, Fehér, O, additional, Fraser, H, additional, Friberg, P, additional, Garay, G, additional, Ge, J X, additional, Gear, W K, additional, Greaves, J, additional, Guan, X, additional, Harvey-Smith, L, additional, Hasegawa, T, additional, He, Y, additional, Henkel, C, additional, Hirota, T, additional, Holland, W, additional, Hughes, A, additional, Jarken, E, additional, Ji, T-G, additional, Jimenez-Serra, I, additional, Kang, M, additional, Kawabata, K S, additional, Kim, Gwanjeong, additional, Kim, Jungha, additional, Kim, Jongsoo, additional, Kim, S, additional, Koo, B-C, additional, Kwon, Woojin, additional, Kuan, Y-J, additional, Lacaille, K M, additional, Lai, S-P, additional, Lee, C F, additional, Lee, J-E, additional, Lee, Y-U, additional, Li, H, additional, Lo, N, additional, Lopez, J A P, additional, Lu, X, additional, Lyo, A-R, additional, Mardones, D, additional, McGehee, P, additional, Meng, F, additional, Montier, L, additional, Montillaud, J, additional, Moore, T J T, additional, Morata, O, additional, Moriarty-Schieven, G H, additional, Ohashi, S, additional, Pak, S, additional, Park, Geumsook, additional, Paladini, R, additional, Pech, G, additional, Qiu, K, additional, Ren, Z-Y, additional, Richer, J, additional, Sakai, T, additional, Shang, H, additional, Shinnaga, H, additional, Stamatellos, D, additional, Tang, Y-W, additional, Traficante, A, additional, Vastel, C, additional, Viti, S, additional, Walsh, A, additional, Wang, H, additional, Wang, J, additional, Ward-Thompson, D, additional, Whitworth, A, additional, Wilson, C D, additional, Xu, Y, additional, Yang, J, additional, Yuan, Y-L, additional, Yuan, L, additional, Zavagno, A, additional, Zhang, C, additional, Zhang, H-W, additional, Zhou, C, additional, Zhou, J, additional, Zhu, L, additional, and Zuo, P, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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227. Single Molecule Sequencing of Cell-free DNA from Maternal Plasma for Noninvasive Trisomy Detection
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Michael W. Deem, Zhang S, Jun Yu, Jiankui He, Jin H, Zhang R, Long F, Dong M, Qin J, Deng L, Shang H, Zhang Y, David Zhang, Runsheng Chen, and Cai J
- Subjects
Fetus ,Chromosome ,Genomics ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,DNA sequencing ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cell-free fetal DNA ,chemistry ,medicine ,Human genome ,Trisomy ,DNA - Abstract
The demand of non-invasive prenatal testing for autosomal aneuploidy using cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma is a highly sought-after diagnostic, with a rapidly growing market. Current approaches developed by next generation sequencing (NGS) need PCR amplifcation during sample preparation, which results in amplification bias in GC-rich areas of the human genome. With these approaches, the minimum fetal fraction in maternal plasma is 4% for the small differences in circulating cfDNA between trisomic and disomic pregnancies to be detectable. In this paper, we performed single molecule sequencing of cell-free DNA from maternal plasma for noninvasive trisomy 13, 18 and 21 detections using the GenoCare platform. We found that single molecule sequencing is sensitive enough to detect these chromosome abnormalities when the fetal DNA fraction is as low as 2%. Compared to the Hiseq2500 platform, no significant GC bias was observed. The improved sensitivity and unbiased GC readout make GenoCare a promising platform for autosomal aneuploidy detections, even in the very early stage of pregnancy.
- Published
- 2017
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228. Effects of MnO additions on the properties of alumina-magnesia refractory castables
- Author
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Tang, H., primary, Yuan, W., additional, and Shang, H., additional
- Published
- 2018
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229. A Rapid Estimation for Interplanetary Low-Thrust Trajectories Using Support Vector Regression
- Author
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Xu, L, primary, Shang, H, additional, and Qin, X, additional
- Published
- 2018
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230. Evaluating Gravity-Assist Range Set Based on Supervised Machine Learning
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Zhang, K, primary, Shang, H, additional, Chen, Q, additional, and Qin, X, additional
- Published
- 2018
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231. Contact-bioleaching mechanism of Ni and Co from sulfide concentrate at neutral pH by heterotrophic bacteria
- Author
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Cui, X., primary, Gu, Q., additional, Liu, X., additional, Wen, J., additional, Lu, A., additional, Ding, H., additional, Yang, F., additional, Shang, H., additional, Wu, B., additional, Zhang, M., additional, and Wang, X., additional
- Published
- 2018
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232. DEVELOPMENT OF A DAYTIME CLOUD AND AEROSOL LOADINGS DETECTION ALGORITHM FOR HIMAWARI-8 SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS OVER DESERT
- Author
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Shang, H., primary, Letu, H., additional, Peng, Z., additional, and Wang, Z., additional
- Published
- 2018
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233. Research on Energy Utilization in Recovery of CO2 from Boiler Flue Gas
- Author
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Liu, N R, primary, Niu, P F, additional, Li, C R, additional, Han, Y M, additional, and Shang, H D, additional
- Published
- 2018
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234. PARP inhibitors as maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer: a meta‐analysis.
- Author
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Lin, Q, Liu, W, Xu, S, Shang, H, Li, J, Guo, Y, and Tong, J
- Abstract
Background: Up to 70% of patients with advanced ovarian cancer have a relapse after primary therapy. New agents and approaches are urgently needed to avoid or slow down this recurrence. Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of PARP inhibitors (PARPis) as maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. Search strategy: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. Selection criteria: All randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that compared PARPis with placebo as first‐line maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer. Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers extracted data. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Main results: PARPis were associated with significant improvement of progression‐free survival (PFS) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AeOC) (HR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.40–0.71; P < 0.0001). The benefit was not only in women with BRCA mutations (HR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.29–0.42; P < 0.00001) and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) (HR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.32–0.60; P < 0.00001), but also in those with nonmutated BRCA (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82; P < 0.00001) and even non‐HRD (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.70–0.99; P = 0.04). Conclusions: PARP inhibitors are effective as maintenance therapy among patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer after platinum‐based chemotherapy, regardless of BRCA mutation or HRD status. PARPis provide a significant PFS benefit as first‐line maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. PARPis provide a significant PFS benefit as first‐line maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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235. The TOP-SCOPE Survey of Planck Galactic Cold Clumps: Survey Overview and Results of an Exemplar Source, PGCC G26.53+0.17
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Liu, Tie, Kim, Kee-Tae, Juvela, Mika, Wang, Ke, Tatematsu, Ken’ichi, Francesco, James Di, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Wu, Yuefang, Thompson, Mark, Fuller, Gary, Eden, David, Li, Di, Ristorcelli, I., Kang, Sung-ju, Lin, Yuxin, Johnstone, D., He, J. H., Koch, P. M., Sanhueza, Patricio, Qin, Sheng-Li, Zhang, Q., Hirano, N., Goldsmith, Paul F., Evans II, Neal J., White, Glenn J., Choi, Minho, Lee, Chang Won, Toth, L. V., Mairs, Steve, Yi, H.-W., Tang, Mengyao, Soam, Archana, Peretto, N., Samal, Manash R., Fich, Michel, Parsons, Harriet, Yuan, Jinghua, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Malinen, Johanna, Bendo, George J., Rivera-Ingraham, A., Liu, Hong-Li, Wouterloot, Jan, Li, Pak Shing, Qian, Lei, Rawlings, Jonathan, Rawlings, Mark G., Feng, Siyi, Aikawa, Yuri, Akhter, S., Alina, Dana, Bell, Graham, Bernard, J.-P., Blain, Andrew, Bőgner, Rebeka, Bronfman, L., Byun, D.-Y., Chapman, Scott, Chen, Huei-Ru, Chen, M., Chen, Wen-Ping, Chen, X., Chen, Xuepeng, Chrysostomou, A., Cosentino, Giuliana, Cunningham, M. R., Demyk, K., Drabek-Maunder, Emily, Doi, Yasuo, Eswaraiah, C., Falgarone, Edith, Fehér, O., Fraser, Helen, Friberg, Per, Garay, G., Ge, J. X., Gear, W. K., Greaves, Jane, Guan, X., Harvey-Smith, Lisa, HASEGAWA, Tetsuo, Hatchell, J., He, Yuxin, Henkel, C., Hirota, T., Holland, W., Hughes, A., Jarken, E., Ji, Tae-Geun, Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun, Kang, Miju, Kawabata, Koji S., Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Jungha, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Shinyoung, Koo, B.-C., Kwon, Woojin, Kuan, Yi-Jehng, Lacaille, K. M., Lai, Shih-Ping, Lee, C. F., Lee, J.-E., Lee, Y.-U., Li, Dalei, Li, Hua-bai, Lo, N., Lopez, John A. P., Lu, Xing, Lyo, A-Ran, Mardones, D., Marston, A., McGehee, P., Meng, F., Montier, L., Montillaud, Julien, Moore, T., Morata, O., Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Ohashi, S., Pak, Soojong, Park, Geumsook, Paladini, R., Pattle, Kate M, Pech, Gerardo, Pelkonen, V.-M., Qiu, K., Ren, Zhi-Yuan, Richer, John, Saito, M., Sakai, Takeshi, Shang, H., Shinnaga, Hiroko, Stamatellos, Dimitris, Tang, Y.-W., Traficante, Alessio, Vastel, Charlotte, Viti, S., Walsh, Andrew, Wang, Bingru, Wang, Hongchi, Wang, Junzhi, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Whitworth, Anthony, Xu, Ye, Yang, J., Yang, Yao-Lun, Yuan, Lixia, Zavagno, A., Zhang, Guoyin, Zhang, H.-W., Zhou, Chenlin, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, Zuo, Pei, Zhang, Chao, Liu, Tie, Kim, Kee-Tae, Juvela, Mika, Wang, Ke, Tatematsu, Ken’ichi, Francesco, James Di, Liu, Sheng-Yuan, Wu, Yuefang, Thompson, Mark, Fuller, Gary, Eden, David, Li, Di, Ristorcelli, I., Kang, Sung-ju, Lin, Yuxin, Johnstone, D., He, J. H., Koch, P. M., Sanhueza, Patricio, Qin, Sheng-Li, Zhang, Q., Hirano, N., Goldsmith, Paul F., Evans II, Neal J., White, Glenn J., Choi, Minho, Lee, Chang Won, Toth, L. V., Mairs, Steve, Yi, H.-W., Tang, Mengyao, Soam, Archana, Peretto, N., Samal, Manash R., Fich, Michel, Parsons, Harriet, Yuan, Jinghua, Zhang, Chuan-Peng, Malinen, Johanna, Bendo, George J., Rivera-Ingraham, A., Liu, Hong-Li, Wouterloot, Jan, Li, Pak Shing, Qian, Lei, Rawlings, Jonathan, Rawlings, Mark G., Feng, Siyi, Aikawa, Yuri, Akhter, S., Alina, Dana, Bell, Graham, Bernard, J.-P., Blain, Andrew, Bőgner, Rebeka, Bronfman, L., Byun, D.-Y., Chapman, Scott, Chen, Huei-Ru, Chen, M., Chen, Wen-Ping, Chen, X., Chen, Xuepeng, Chrysostomou, A., Cosentino, Giuliana, Cunningham, M. R., Demyk, K., Drabek-Maunder, Emily, Doi, Yasuo, Eswaraiah, C., Falgarone, Edith, Fehér, O., Fraser, Helen, Friberg, Per, Garay, G., Ge, J. X., Gear, W. K., Greaves, Jane, Guan, X., Harvey-Smith, Lisa, HASEGAWA, Tetsuo, Hatchell, J., He, Yuxin, Henkel, C., Hirota, T., Holland, W., Hughes, A., Jarken, E., Ji, Tae-Geun, Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun, Kang, Miju, Kawabata, Koji S., Kim, Gwanjeong, Kim, Jungha, Kim, Jongsoo, Kim, Shinyoung, Koo, B.-C., Kwon, Woojin, Kuan, Yi-Jehng, Lacaille, K. M., Lai, Shih-Ping, Lee, C. F., Lee, J.-E., Lee, Y.-U., Li, Dalei, Li, Hua-bai, Lo, N., Lopez, John A. P., Lu, Xing, Lyo, A-Ran, Mardones, D., Marston, A., McGehee, P., Meng, F., Montier, L., Montillaud, Julien, Moore, T., Morata, O., Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Ohashi, S., Pak, Soojong, Park, Geumsook, Paladini, R., Pattle, Kate M, Pech, Gerardo, Pelkonen, V.-M., Qiu, K., Ren, Zhi-Yuan, Richer, John, Saito, M., Sakai, Takeshi, Shang, H., Shinnaga, Hiroko, Stamatellos, Dimitris, Tang, Y.-W., Traficante, Alessio, Vastel, Charlotte, Viti, S., Walsh, Andrew, Wang, Bingru, Wang, Hongchi, Wang, Junzhi, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Whitworth, Anthony, Xu, Ye, Yang, J., Yang, Yao-Lun, Yuan, Lixia, Zavagno, A., Zhang, Guoyin, Zhang, H.-W., Zhou, Chenlin, Zhou, Jianjun, Zhu, Lei, Zuo, Pei, and Zhang, Chao
- Abstract
The low dust temperatures (<14 K) of Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) make them ideal targets to probe the initial conditions and very early phase of star formation. “TOP-SCOPE” is a joint survey program targeting ∼2000 PGCCs in J=1–0 transitions of CO isotopologues and ∼1000 PGCCs in 850 μm continuum emission. The objective of the “TOP-SCOPE” survey and the joint surveys (SMT 10 m, KVN 21 m, and NRO 45 m) is to statistically study the initial conditions occurring during star formation and the evolution of molecular clouds, across a wide range of environments. The observations, data analysis, and example science cases for these surveys are introduced with an exemplar source, PGCC G26.53+0.17 (G26), which is a filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC). The total mass, length, and mean line mass (M/L) of the G26 filament are ∼6200 M☉, ∼12 pc, and ∼500 M☉pc−1, respectively. Ten massive clumps, including eight starless ones, are found along the filament. The most massive clump as a whole may still be in global collapse, while its denser part seems to be undergoing expansion owing to outflow feedback. The fragmentation in the G26 filament from cloud scale to clump scale is in agreement with gravitational fragmentation of an isothermal, nonmagnetized, and turbulent supported cylinder. A bimodal behavior in dust emissivity spectral index (β) distribution is found in G26, suggesting grain growth along the filament. The G26 filament may be formed owing to large-scale compression flows evidenced by the temperature and velocity gradients across its natal cloud. Key words: ISM: abundances – ISM: clouds – ISM: kinematics and dynamics – stars: formation – surveys
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- 2018
236. Research on Energy Utilization in Recovery of CO2 from Boiler Flue Gas
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Liu, N. R., Niu, P. F., Li, C. R., Han, Y. M., Shang, H. D., Liu, N. R., Niu, P. F., Li, C. R., Han, Y. M., and Shang, H. D.
- Abstract
To the 2 × 40 t/h heating boiler flue gas, ethanolamine was used for absorption, carbamate – for desorption. The waste heated boiler flue gas was used to heat the absorption and the desorption; the pump was driven by the solar energy. The results showed that the best absorption rate was 82.28%, when the ethanolamine concentration was 40% and the temperature was 40 ∘ C; the energy consumption was 59.82 KJ/mol. The best desorption temperature was 115 ∘ C, the desorption rate was 55%, and its energy consumption was 694.30 KJ/mol. The pump needed 1.49 KJ/h, reduced 42.8 t/year of CO 2 and regenerated 23.54 t/year of CO 2 .
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- 2018
237. The study of flow pattern and phase-change problem in die casting process
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Wang, T. S, Wei, H, Chen, Y. S, and Shang, H. M
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Engineering (General) - Abstract
The flow pattern and solidification phenomena in die casting process have been investigated in the first phase study. The flow pattern in filling process is predicted by using a VOF (volume of fluid) method. A good agreement with experimental observation is obtained for filling the water into a die cavity with different gate geometry and with an obstacle in the cavity. An enthalpy method has been applied to solve the solidification problem. By treating the latent heat implicitly into the enthalpy instead of explicitly into the source term, the CPU time can be reduced at least 20 times. The effect of material properties on solidification fronts is tested. It concludes that the dependence of properties on temperature is significant. The influence of the natural convection over the diffusion has also been studied. The result shows that the liquid metal solidification phenomena is diffusion dominant, and the natural convection can affect the shape of the interface. In the second phase study, the filling and solidification processes will be considered simultaneously.
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- 1996
238. Numerical Investigation of Slag Behavior for RSRM
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Liaw, P, Chen, Y.-S, Shang, H, Shih, M, Doran, D, and Stewart, E
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Fluid Mechanics And Heat Transfer - Abstract
It is known that the flow field of the redesigned solid rocket motor (RSRM) is very complicated due to the complex characteristics of turbulent multi-phase flow, chemical reaction, particle combustion, evaporation, breakup and agglomeration etc. It requires multi-phase calculations, chemical reaction simulation, and particle combustion, evaporation, and breakup models to obtain a better understanding of thermophysics for the RSRM design using numerical methods. Also, the slag buildup due to the molten particles is another factor affecting the performance of the RSRM. To achieve this goal, the volume of fluid (VOF) method is used to capture the free surface motion so as to simulate the accumulation of the molten particles (slag) of the RSRM. A finite rate chemistry model is used to simulate the chemical reaction effects. For multi-phase calculations, the Hermsen combustion model is used for the aluminum particle combustion analysis and the Taylor Analogy Breakup (TAB) model is used for the particle breakup analysis. An interphase mas-exchange model introduced by Spalding is used for the evaporation calculation. The particle trajectories are calculated using a one-step implicit method for several groups of particle sizes by which the drag forces and heat fluxes are then coupled with the gas phase equations. The preliminary results predicted a reasonable physical simulation of the particle effects using a simple two dimensional solid rocket motor configuration. It shows that the AL/AL2O3 particle sizes are reduced due to the combustion, evaporation, and breakup. The flow field is disturbed by the particles. Mach number distributions in the nozzle are deformed due to the effect of particle concentrations away from the center line.
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- 1996
239. Numerical Modeling of Spray Combustion with an Unstructured-Grid Method
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Shang, H. M, Chen, Y. S, Liaw, P, Shih, M. H, and Wang, T. S
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Inorganic And Physical Chemistry - Abstract
The present unstructured-grid method follows strictly the basic finite volume forms of the conservation laws of the governing equations for the entire flow domain. High-order spatially accurate formulation has been employed for the numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. A two-equation k-epsilon turbulence model is also incorporated in the unstructured-grid solver. The convergence of the resulted linear algebraic equation is accelerated with preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method. A statistical spray combustion model has been incorporated into the present unstructured-grid solver. In this model, spray is represented by discrete particles, rather than by continuous distributions. A finite number of computational particles are used to predict a sample of total population of particles. Particle trajectories are integrated using their momentum and motion equations and particles exchange mass, momentum and energy with the gas within the computational cell in which they are located. The interaction calculations are performed simultaneously and eliminate global iteration for the two-phase momentum exchange. A transient spray flame in a high pressure combustion chamber is predicted and then the solution of liquid-fuel combusting flow with a rotating cup atomizer is presented and compared with the experimental data. The major conclusion of this investigation is that the unstructured-grid method can be employed to study very complicated flow fields of turbulent spray combustion. Grid adaptation can be easily achieved in any flow domain such as droplet evaporation and combustion zone. Future applications of the present model can be found in the full three-dimensional study of flow fields of gas turbine and liquid propulsion engine combustion chambers with multi-injectors.
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- 1996
240. Perceptual factors underlying user preferences toward product form of mobile phones
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Chuang, Ming C., Chang, Chien C., and Hsu, Shang H.
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- 2001
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241. The medial compartment and patellofemoral joint degenerate more severely in early stage knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.
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YANG, G.-Y., GUO, H.-L., LI, T., SHANG, H.-B., ZHAO, Y.-F., and SHI, Y.-Y.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of degenerative characteristics of medial, lateral regions, femoral, patellar, and tibia parts of the knee joint in the early-stage of knee osteoarthritis (OA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 66 patients with early stage knee OA and 22 healthy volunteers who have no knee-related clinical symptoms were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. T2 mapping and 3D dual-echo images were acquired with a 3.0T MR scanner. The degenerative changes of the articular cartilage were quantified by a T2 mapping and cartilage thicknesses analysis. Any structural changes were conducted using the Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS). RESULTS: In patients with knee OA, the thicknesses of medial cartilages were significantly thinner than lateral ones (2.13 mm vs. 2.34 mm, p<0.0001), but with higher T2 values (40.38 ms vs. 38.4 ms, p<0.0001) and WORMS scores (12.12 vs. 0.47, p=0.004). No significant differences were observed between medial and lateral cartilage in the healthy volunteers. The T2 values of the femoral (p<0.001) and patellar (p=0.012) cartilages of OA patients were higher than that of the healthy controls. Within OA group, the T2 values of femoral (p<0.0001) and patellar (p<0.0001) cartilages were higher than tibial ones. Moreover, the WORMS scores of femoral (p=0.001) and patellar (p<0.0001) cartilages were higher than that of the tibial ones. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the medial compartment and patellofemoral knee joint degenerate more severely in patients with early-stage knee OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
242. Applications of passive microwave data to monitor inundated areas and model stream flow
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Shang, H., Menenti, M., Jia, L., Steele-Dunne, S.C., and Delft University of Technology
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Signal processing ,Time series analysis ,passive microwave remote sensing ,Hydrological model ,stream flow ,surface water observation - Abstract
The observation of surface water bodies in all weather conditions and better knowledge about inundation patterns are important for water resource management and flood early warning. Microwave radiometers at 37 GHz were applied to observe and study the inundation pattern in large subtropical floodplains in China, i.e. the Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake floodplains, due to the trade-off between the capability to penetrate hydrometeors and vegetation, revisiting time, and spatial coverage and resolution. Taking the shallow sensing depth at 37 GHz into account, open water, inundated area and water saturated soil surface all determine the surface emittance measured by the radiometer. Thus, Water Saturated Surface (WSS) is defined as the combination of these three land surface elements. In subtropical regions, seasonal changes in vegetation cover and various surface roughness conditions are the major challenges for the observation of surface water bodies with microwave radiometers. Atmospheric attenuation, observation gaps and errors in the microwave observations reduce the quality of daily radiometric observations. To deal with the attenuation due to vegetation and surface roughness, a two-step model was developed: the first step is to retrieve the polarization difference emissivity from Polarization Difference Brightness Temperature (PDBT) at 37 GHz with the simplified radiative transfer model and the vegetation optical thickness at 37 GHz parameterized from Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ; the second step is to retrieve the fractional area of WSS from the emissivity difference with a linear model, which can be parameterized according to the Qp surface roughness model. To remove the noise and extract the surface signal (including surface emittance and vegetation attenuation) from the daily PDBT time series, the Time Series Analysis Procedure (TSAP) was developed to identify the spectral features of noisy components in the frequency domain and remove them with a proper filter. The overall method combined the TSAP and the two-step model to derive daily observation of WSS area. The retrieved WSS area in the Poyang Lake floodplain was in a good agreement with the lake area observed from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR). The observations and analysis of the inundation patterns in the Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake floodplains with this method illustrated the close relationship between inundated area, precipitation and stream flow.Furthermore, a lumped hydrological model, named the discrete rainfall-runoff model, was developed to fully use the retrieved WSS area and to study the role of inundated area in stream flow production. This model simulates stream flow as the integration of contributions of antecedent precipitation in a certain period. Three implementations of the model were developed with the help of ground water table depth and the retrieved WSS area. The case study in the Xiangjiang River basin (upstream catchment of the Dongting Lake floodplain), China, illustrated that: 1) the longest duration of antecedent precipitation is a key parameter to determine model performance; 2) long duration would increase the model uncertainty and lead to overfitting; 3) the application of the WSS area can reduce the duration required to achieve a reasonable accuracy. The model parameters indicated the interaction between stream flow and various water storages, and the calibration results of three implementations implied the recharge period of ground water.
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- 2017
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243. Liquid propellant rocket engine combustion simulation with a time-accurate CFD method
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Chen, Y. S, Shang, H. M, Liaw, Paul, and Hutt, J
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Fluid Mechanics And Heat Transfer - Abstract
Time-accurate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) algorithms are among the basic requirements as an engineering or research tool for realistic simulations of transient combustion phenomena, such as combustion instability, transient start-up, etc., inside the rocket engine combustion chamber. A time-accurate pressure based method is employed in the FDNS code for combustion model development. This is in connection with other program development activities such as spray combustion model development and efficient finite-rate chemistry solution method implementation. In the present study, a second-order time-accurate time-marching scheme is employed. For better spatial resolutions near discontinuities (e.g., shocks, contact discontinuities), a 3rd-order accurate TVD scheme for modeling the convection terms is implemented in the FDNS code. Necessary modification to the predictor/multi-corrector solution algorithm in order to maintain time-accurate wave propagation is also investigated. Benchmark 1-D and multidimensional test cases, which include the classical shock tube wave propagation problems, resonant pipe test case, unsteady flow development of a blast tube test case, and H2/O2 rocket engine chamber combustion start-up transient simulation, etc., are investigated to validate and demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the present numerical scheme and solution algorithm.
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- 1993
244. A numerical procedure for analysis of finite rate reacting flows
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Shang, H. M, Chen, Y. S, Chen, Z. J, Chen, C. P, and Wang, T. S
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Fluid Mechanics And Heat Transfer - Abstract
Combustion processes in rocket propulsion systems are characterized by the existence of multiple, vastly differing time and length scales, as well as flow-speeds at wide variation of Mach numbers. The chemical kinetics processes in the highly active reaction zone are characterized by much smaller scales compared to fluid convective and diffusive time scales. An operator splitting procedure for transient finite rate chemistry problems has been developed using a pressure based method, which can be applied to all speed flows without difficulties. The splitting of chemical kinetics terms formed the fluid-mechanical terms of the species equation ameliorated the difficulties associated with the disparate time scales and stiffness in the set of equations which describes highly exothermic combustion. A combined efficient ordinary differential equations (ODE) solver was used to integrate the effective chemical source terms over the residence time at each grid cell. One and two dimensional reacting flow situations were carried out to demonstrate and verify the current procedure. Different chemical kinetics with different degrees of nonlinearity have also been incorporated to test the robustness and generality of the proposed method.
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- 1993
245. Development of an algebraic stress/two-layer model for calculating thrust chamber flow fields
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Chen, C. P, Shang, H. M, and Huang, J
- Subjects
Fluid Mechanics And Heat Transfer - Abstract
Following the consensus of a workshop in Turbulence Modeling for Liquid Rocket Thrust Chambers, the current effort was undertaken to study the effects of second-order closure on the predictions of thermochemical flow fields. To reduce the instability and computational intensity of the full second-order Reynolds Stress Model, an Algebraic Stress Model (ASM) coupled with a two-layer near wall treatment was developed. Various test problems, including the compressible boundary layer with adiabatic and cooled walls, recirculating flows, swirling flows and the entire SSME nozzle flow were studied to assess the performance of the current model. Detailed calculations for the SSME exit wall flow around the nozzle manifold were executed. As to the overall flow predictions, the ASM removes another assumption for appropriate comparison with experimental data, to account for the non-isotropic turbulence effects.
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- 1993
246. Advanced Multi-Phase Flow CFD Model Development for Solid Rocket Motor Flowfield Analysis
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Liaw, Paul, Chen, Y. S, Shang, H. M, and Doran, Denise
- Subjects
Fluid Mechanics And Heat Transfer - Abstract
It is known that the simulations of solid rocket motor internal flow field with AL-based propellants require complex multi-phase turbulent flow model. The objective of this study is to develop an advanced particulate multi-phase flow model which includes the effects of particle dynamics, chemical reaction and hot gas flow turbulence. The inclusion of particle agglomeration, particle/gas reaction and mass transfer, particle collision, coalescence and breakup mechanisms in modeling the particle dynamics will allow the proposed model to realistically simulate the flowfield inside a solid rocket motor. The Finite Difference Navier-Stokes numerical code FDNS is used to simulate the steady-state multi-phase particulate flow field for a 3-zone 2-D axisymmetric ASRM model and a 6-zone 3-D ASRM model at launch conditions. The 2-D model includes aft-end cavity and submerged nozzle. The 3-D model represents the whole ASRM geometry, including additional grain port area in the gas cavity and two inhibitors. FDNS is a pressure based finite difference Navier-Stokes flow solver with time-accurate adaptive second-order upwind schemes, standard and extended k-epsilon models with compressibility corrections, multi zone body-fitted formulations, and turbulence particle interaction model. Eulerian/Lagrangian multi-phase solution method is applied for multi-zone mesh. To simulate the chemical reaction, penalty function corrected efficient finite-rate chemistry integration method is used in FDNS. For the AL particle combustion rate, the Hermsen correlation is employed. To simulate the turbulent dispersion of particles, the Gaussian probability distribution with standard deviation equal to (2k/3)(exp 1/2) is used for the random turbulent velocity components. The computational results reveal that the flow field near the juncture of aft-end cavity and the submerged nozzle is very complex. The effects of the turbulent particles affect the flow field significantly and provide better prediction of the ASRM performance. The multi-phase flow analysis using the FDNS code in the present research can be used as a design tool for solid rocket motor applications.
- Published
- 1993
247. Spray combustion model improvement study, 1
- Author
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Chen, C. P, Kim, Y. M, and Shang, H. M
- Subjects
Inorganic And Physical Chemistry - Abstract
This study involves the development of numerical and physical modeling in spray combustion. These modeling efforts are mainly motivated to improve the physical submodels of turbulence, combustion, atomization, dense spray effects, and group vaporization. The present mathematical formulation can be easily implemented in any time-marching multiple pressure correction methodologies such as MAST code. A sequence of validation cases includes the nonevaporating, evaporating and_burnin dense_sprays.
- Published
- 1993
248. Turbulence modelling of flow fields in thrust chambers
- Author
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Chen, C. P, Kim, Y. M, and Shang, H. M
- Subjects
Spacecraft Propulsion And Power - Abstract
Following the consensus of a workshop in Turbulence Modelling for Liquid Rocket Thrust Chambers, the current effort was undertaken to study the effects of second-order closure on the predictions of thermochemical flow fields. To reduce the instability and computational intensity of the full second-order Reynolds Stress Model, an Algebraic Stress Model (ASM) coupled with a two-layer near wall treatment was developed. Various test problems, including the compressible boundary layer with adiabatic and cooled walls, recirculating flows, swirling flows, and the entire SSME nozzle flow were studied to assess the performance of the current model. Detailed calculations for the SSME exit wall flow around the nozzle manifold were executed. As to the overall flow predictions, the ASM removes another assumption for appropriate comparison with experimental data to account for the non-isotropic turbulence effects.
- Published
- 1993
249. Bax channel triplet: co-operativity and voltage gating
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Hyo Phee, Marco Colombini, Nuval Cherian, Benjamin Wu, Christy Cho, and Shang H. Lin
- Subjects
Voltage-gated ion channel ,Chemistry ,Phase (waves) ,Charge density ,Membranes, Artificial ,Electrochemical Techniques ,Cell Biology ,Gating ,Biochemistry ,Electrophysiological Phenomena ,Solutions ,Kinetics ,Crystallography ,Membrane ,Electric field ,Biophysics ,Bacterial outer membrane ,Molecular Biology ,Phospholipids ,bcl-2-Associated X Protein ,Communication channel - Abstract
Bax, despite being a cytosolic protein, has the distinct ability to form channels in the mitochondrial outer membrane, which are capable of releasing proteins that initiate the execution phase of apoptosis. When studied in a planar phospholipid membrane system, full-length activated Bax can form conducting entities consistent with linearly organized three-channel units displaying steep voltage-gating (n=14) that rivals that of channels in excitable membranes. In addition, the channels display strong positive co-operativity possibly arising from the charge distribution of the voltage sensors. On the basis of functional behaviour, one of the channels in this functional triplet is oriented in the opposite direction to the others often resulting in conflicts between the effects of the electric field and the positive co-operativity of adjacent channels. The closure of the first channel occurs at positive potentials and this permits the second to close, but at negative potentials. The closure of the second channel in turn permits closure of the third, but at positive potentials. Positive co-operativity manifests itself in a number of ways including the second and the third channels opening virtually simultaneously. This extraordinary behaviour must have important, although as yet undefined, physiological roles.
- Published
- 2014
250. Identification of 1-MW infrared radiation in an electron-cyclotron maser as free-electron two-quantum Stark radiation
- Author
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Shang H. Kim
- Subjects
Physics ,Wavelength ,Infrared ,law ,Wiggler ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Plasma ,Electron ,Atomic physics ,Radiation ,Maser ,Magnetic field ,law.invention - Abstract
We find that the transition from a virtual state to another virtual state is forbidden. Because the intermediate state in two-quantum Stark (TQS) radiation is virtual, TQS radiation is an effective one-photon radiation. We find that the ratio of the power of TQS radiation to the power of the corresponding one-photon radiation in the electron beam is many orders of magnitude larger than that in atomic radiation. We attribute this phenomenon to the fact that in free-electron TQS radiation, the free electron is forced to emit radiation by an electric wiggler over a length longer than the wavelength of the electric wiggler while in bound-electron TQS radiation, the bound electron only experiences the wiggler potential within a length on the order of the atomic size. We find that plasma waves with potential amplitudes on the order of 1 kV and wavelengths on the order of 1 cm can be generated due to the \(\mathcal{E}_r \hat r \times B\hat z\) rotational-drift and the helical (or rippled) magnetic field in an electron-cyclotron maser (ECM). We reason that these plasma waves decompose into shorterwavelength plasma waves such that the wavenumber (K) spectrum of the potential amplitude scales as 1/K2 in the region of K ≪ K i = 2π/l i , where l i is the mean inter-electron distance. We find that the wavelength and the power of free-electron TQS radiation driven by these short-wavelength plasma waves under the influence of the axial uniform magnetic field are in good agreement with those of the measured 1-MW infrared radiation.
- Published
- 2014
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