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202. Human rights violation reports in English from 2002 to 2013

Author

Shakoor, Abdul, Ali, Sajjad, Irfan, Muhammad, Muhammad, Jan, and Khan, Abid

Subjects
Language, communication and culture, Human Rights Watch, 47 Language, communication and culture, regime, dictatorship, journalism, Violation of Fundamental rights, newspaper Coverage, human rights, Democracy Barometer
Abstract

This presents the coverage of violation fundamental rights of women and children in newspaper,because it has been observed that fundamental rights violation coverage is more than awareness of fundamental rights to control the issue. In this regard, the researcher applied quantitative content analysis, whereas purposive sampling method was used for data collection. Data was collected from 2002 to 2013 from daily Dawn and daily Jang through coding sheet. The study revealed that fundamental right violation was more covered by both newspaper as well as more fundamental right violation has been done democratic regime of Asif Ali Zardari (2008-2013) instead of dictatorial regime of Perviz Musharaf (2002-2008). The findings disclosed that violation done less in dictatorial regime because of army control and pressure as well as law and order situation were control at the time as compare to democratic regime. Both newspaper covered the issue on priority bases to highlight the fundamental right violation in the country.

Published
2022
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210. Documentation of Double and Triple Phytotherapeutic Remedies Against Diabetes Mellitus in Faisalabad City, Pakistan

Author

Shakoor, Abdul, primary, Kashif, Muhammad, additional, Hussain, Asghar, additional, Nasir, Amar, additional, Waheed, Usman, additional, Hussain, Tariq, additional, Sikander, Arbab, additional, Rizwan, Muhammad, additional, Abbas, Mazhar, additional, Aziz, Khizer, additional, Ullah, Habib, additional, and Ullah, Fateh, additional

Published
2021
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215. Optimum sintering method and temperature for cold compact Bismuth Telluride pellets for thermoelectric applications

Author

F. Jaldurgam, Farheen, Ahmad, Zubair, Touati, Farid, Al Ashraf, Abdulla, Shakoor, Abdul, Bhadra, Jolly, J. Al-Thani, Noora, Suk Han, Dong, and Altahtamouni, Talal

Subjects
Broadband dielectric broadband spectroscopy, Conventional sintering, Thermoelectric, Microwave sintering, Bismuth telluride
Abstract

This work intends to investigate the optimum sintering method and temperature that can improve the efficiency of bismuth telluride cold compact pellets, for the thermoelectric applications. Different p-type and n-type bismuth telluride cold compact pellets were treated using three different sintering techniques and conditions: pressure less (conventional), microwave, and tube (using argon environment) at temperatures 250 °C, 300 °C, 350 °C, and 400 °C. The structural, microscopic, electron transport, thermal, and dielectric properties of the pristine and sintered samples were examined. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy was performed to extract a detailed picture of the dielectric properties of the samples. Even though each type of sintering had its own merits and demerits, the optimum conditions for enhanced electric and thermal features were found in microwave furnace followed by tube and conventional. Low thermal conductivity of 0.4 W/m/K was observed in the samples sintered at 250 °C while the increase in sintering temperature from 250 °C to 300 °C improved the crystallinity of the material. Moreover, the crystal structure of the bismuth telluride altered with the occurrence of higher oxidation leading to the formation of high bismuth telluride oxide phases at sintering temperatures above 300 °C, more dominantly in the n-type samples.

Published
2021

218. Preparation and Numerical Optimization of TiO 2 :CdS Thin Films in Double Perovskite Solar Cell.

Author

Nowsherwan, Ghazi Aman, Zaib, Aurang, Shah, Aqeel Ahmed, Khan, Mohsin, Shakoor, Abdul, Bukhari, Syed Nizamuddin Shah, Riaz, Muhammad, Hussain, Syed Sajjad, Shar, Muhammad Ali, and Alhazaa, Abdulaziz

Subjects
THIN films, SOLAR cells, PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems, PEROVSKITE, ELECTRON transport, SCANNING electron microscopy, THEMATIC mapper satellite
Abstract

This work focuses on preparing TiO2, CdS, and composite TiO2:CdS thin films for photovoltaic applications by thermal evaporation. The suggested materials exhibit very good optical and electrical properties and can play a significant role in enhancing the efficiency of the device. Various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were considered to investigate the optical, morphological, photoluminescence, and electrical properties. FTIR confirms the material identification by displaying some peaks in the fingerprint region. UV Vis spectroscopy yields high transmission (80–90%) and low absorbance (5–10%) within the spectral region from 500 nm to 800 nm for the composite thin films. The optical band gap values for CdS, TiO2, and TiO2:CdS thin films are 2.42 eV, 3.72 eV, and 3.6 eV. XRD was utilized to analyze the amorphous nature of the thin films, while optical and SEM microscopy were employed to examine the morphological changes caused by the addition of CdS to TiO2. The decrease in the bandgap of the composite thin films was determined by the Tauc plot, which is endorsed due to the band tailing effects. Photoluminescence spectroscopy depicts several emission peaks in the visible region when they are excited at different wavelengths, and the electrical measurement enhances the material conductivity. Furthermore, the proposed electron transport materials (TiO2, CdS, TiO2:CdS) were simulated with different perovskite materials to validate their design by employing the SCAPS-1D program and assess their performance in commercial implementation. The observed results suggest that TiO2:CdS is a promising candidate to be used as an ETM in PSC with enhanced productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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219. "Modification of bitumen properties using polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide (TiO2)".

Author

Naeem, Junaid, Sultan, Tahir, Shakoor, Abdul, and karim, Inam

Subjects
POLYETHYLENE glycol, TITANIUM dioxide, BITUMEN, X-ray diffraction
Abstract

In this study, PEG and TiO2 were used to modify the properties of neat bitumen of grade 60/70. The physical and structural properties of the modified bitumen samples were investigated using penetration by grade, softening point, fire and flash point, ductility, and x-ray diffraction. Results showed that the physical properties of base bitumen were dependent on the polymer content. In the first phase bitumen was blended with PEG at different proportions (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). It was observed that stiffness in samples increases as we increase the polymer content which leads to a decrease in penetration and ductility values. The softening point increased with increasing polymer concentration. However, fire and flash point attained maximum value of 250°C and 240°C at 6% and decreased to 242°C and 238°C at 8% respectively. The optimal polymer content was found to be 6%. In a second phase, the effects of incorporation of various percentages of TiO2 (1.5% and 3%) in PEG modified bitumen have been investigated. XRD analysis has also been performed for nano and polymer modified bitumen. An increase in the interlayer spacing value (d) was observed which confirms the successful intercalation of PEG in neat bitumen. Incorporation of TiO2 in PEG modified bitumen affects the physical properties of polymer modified bitumen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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220. A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Ali's The Rod Of The Moses: A Socio-Political Perspective.

Author

Arshad, Muhammad, Mahmood, Anser, Shakoor, Abdul, and Hussain, Ijaz

Subjects
CRITICAL discourse analysis, IMPERIALISM, ECONOMIC systems, IDEOLOGY
Abstract

This research paper has focused to find out the different aspects of Ideology presented by Allama Iqbal that is the part of the analysis in this research with reference to the politics of the East and the West in the Rod of the Moses versified English translation of Syed Akbar Ali of Iqbal's Zarb-i-Kalim. The different aspects of the ideology were based on the subjugation of the poor nations by imperialists, showing the collapse of prevailed political and economic systems, and inhumane nature of western politics and different suggested ways by writer to counter the imperialism. To find out different aspects of the said ideology have been redressed in the research under Norman Fairclough's three dimensional model of critical discourse analysis. It was found that the powerful countries subjugate the poor nations by destruction of their culture such as their educational system, religious values and traditions. The nature of western politics is very inhumane. Furthermore, it was also found that political and economic systems are evolved with imperfect products of human mind and these systems cannot bring prosperity for the world. It was suggested that on basis of this research that Only Islamic system is durable and can bring prosperity for the world. Moreover, Muslims of the East can only get freedom by developing their own Islamic united center in comparison to United Nations in Geneva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

231. Structural analysis of potassium-doped calcium chromite (Ca1−xKxCr2O4) nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel method

Author

Siddiqui, Rabia, Rani, Malika, Shakoor, Abdul, Atiq, Shahid, and Neffati, Riadh

Abstract

Doping of potassium in CaCr2O4as Ca1−xKxCr2O4with x= 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8, using sol-gel technique, to see the structural changes in a regular and periodic variation of K-ions. XRD pattern shows a reduction in peak intensities of CaCr2O4after potassium doping, principally owing to bonding with Alkali metal in heat treatment of Ca1−xKxCr2O4. It revealed that active species might be confined in the non-crystalline phase, thus impeding their reactivity. XRD of grown samples show their cell parameters of hexagonal crystal symmetry. Morphology of samples in SEM, exhibited the introduction of potassium into the medium of transition metal oxide effects in the development of channeled or layered assemblies. Constituents of synthesized material [Ca1−xKxCr2O4], presenting vibrational stretching of constituent elements as observed in Raman Spectra. The structure of doped sample is predicted favorable for energy storing devices, as having distortion (amorphous linings) in its crystal structure when compared to un doped one, that evident the novelty of this work.

Published
2023
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243. Oxidative stress alleviation as indicated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and osmoregulators in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under salt (NaCl) stress by ascorbic acid (ASA)

Author

Hassan, Amara, primary, Saleem, Muhammad Hamzah, additional, Perveen, Abida, additional, Mobeen, Mobeen, additional, Ali, Sajjad, additional, Shakoor, Abdul, additional, Ali, Qurban, additional, Chattha, Muhammad Sohaib, additional, El-Sheikh, Mohamed A., additional, and Ali, Shafaqat, additional

Published
2021
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246. Response of Bacillus cereus on Zea mays under different doses of zinc sulphate

Author

Shahzad, Asim, Qin, Mingzhou, Nazir, Mudassar, Shakoor, Abdul, Billah, Motsim, Zaib, Gul, Shahzad, Asim, Qin, Mingzhou, Nazir, Mudassar, Shakoor, Abdul, Billah, Motsim, and Zaib, Gul

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities have added a large amount of heavy metals to the environment. Heavy metal contaminants affect the physiological and biological properties of soil and plant health. Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient and it promotes plant growth and development but a higher concentration of the metal causes reduction in plant growth. The present study was aimed to evaluate the response of Bacillus cereus on maize plants at different concentrations of ZnSO4 (20, 40 and 60 mg kg-1) amended in the soil under pot experiment conditions. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Higher doses of ZnSO4 inhibited maize growth and nutrient uptake. However, inoculation of maize seeds with Bacillus cereus at 20 mg kg-1 concentration of ZnSO4 increased seed germination about 39% and plant height by 15%. Moreover, 17% increase in leaf length and a 7% increase in leaf number were observed as compared to control at 20 mg kg-1 concentrations of ZnSO4. Reductions in all growth parameters were observed with 60 mg kg-1 concentration of ZnSO4. The Zn uptake was 75% higher in treatment T8 (uninoculated seeds with 60 mg kg-1 concentration of ZnSO4) as compared to treatments which were inoculated and grown under different zinc concentrations. The results suggest that Bacillus cereus has good potential to remediate Zn from soil as well as to reduce the phyto-availibility and phytotoxicity of zinc.

Published
2021

247. Performance Enhancement of PPMIM Drives by using 3 Three-Phase Four-Leg Inverters

Author

Bhimireddy, Prathap Reddy Reddy, Iqbal, Atif, K, Siva Kumar, Alhitmi, M.A., Hasan, Anwarul, Mehrjerdi, H, Paraprath, Asokan, Shakoor, Abdul, Bhimireddy, Prathap Reddy Reddy, Iqbal, Atif, K, Siva Kumar, Alhitmi, M.A., Hasan, Anwarul, Mehrjerdi, H, Paraprath, Asokan, and Shakoor, Abdul

Abstract

In this paper, a multilevel inverter (MLI) scheme is proposed for 9-phase pole phase modulated induction motor (PPMIM) drives. The proposed inverter scheme is realized with the help of 3 three-phase four-leg inverters. In 3-phase 12-pole mode (3PH-12PO), the proposed MLI supplies a 3-level voltage for each phase winding of the PPMIM drive with an improved harmonic profile, which results in better torque ripple. In this mode, the PPMIM drive performance is analyzed with a level shifted as well as phase shifted carrier based space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). In 3PH-12PO mode, for getting the same performance the PPMIM drive w.r.t torque ripple the conventional 3-level 9-phase MLI's requires 40 switches, while the proposed MLI requires only 24 switches, which means the switch count is reduced by 40%. On the other hand, the phase grouping will give the flexibility to use the 3-phase SVPWM that enhances the linear modulation of the 9-phase PPMIM drives by 15.4% in 9-phase 4-pole mode (9PH-4PO). The 4th leg present in each three-phase four-leg inverter is used effectively for suppressing the circulating currents in 9PH-4PO operation. The proposed MLI is efficient to operate the machine in both normal as well as fault condition with rated power/torque. The proposed MLI fed PPMIM drive performance with open circuit switch/source fault conditions is analyzed. The proposed MLI scheme is validated with the Ansys Maxwell FEM as well as laboratory testbed on a 5hp 9-phase PPMIM drive under normal as well as open circuit switch/source fault conditions IEEE.

Published
2021

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