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The paper analyzes the poem Santa Maria della Salute by Laza Kostic from the perspective of Christianity. The motives of church, Mother Of God, and love has religious significance. Therefore, the papir should reveal their meaning through the poem Santa Maria della Salute. Love is a tremendous force among human beings, especially for those who believe in God. The paper also deals with the two expressions of love and nature of the senses in the process of gaining knowledge. There’s no obstacle because God is pure Love, and nothing, even death, is not definite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the author argues that the new Law on Amendments to the Law on Higher Education from 2021 is not in harmony with the Constitution of Serbia regarding the provisions implying the consent of church bodies for enrollment of students, employment and loss of appointment pertinent to the Faculty of Orthodox Theology. The paper tackles the relation between the university and the Church in Serbia, which changed dramatically since 2019, when the Church started intervening illegally in the Faculty of Theology, triggering a change of the law governing higher education. With the new law, the Serbian Church, a non-university and non-state institution, has been allowed to fully control the enrollment of students, and the selection and dismissal of the state university teachers, and this fact clearly contradicts the Serbian Constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional seismic risk assessment is necessary for designing effective seismic risk mitigation measures. In general, such risk assessment studies consist of three components: hazard, vulnerability, and exposure modelling. This paper lays the foundations for regional seismic risk assessment of the residential building stock in Serbia and addresses each of the three seismic risk assessment components, either by reviewing the existing or proposing novel models. First, a review of seismic hazard models and seismic design codes used in Serbia in the past 70 years was presented. Next, an overview of Serbia's population metrics and historical development of Serbian's residential building stock was presented to provide the context for the exposure model. Furthermore, the paper proposed a novel building classification for Serbia's residential building stock, which is based on the existing building taxonomies, but it has been adapted to account for the local building characteristics. Building damage patterns reported in past earthquakes in Serbia and neighbouring countries were reviewed as a basis for damage classification pertaining to building typologies included in the proposed classification. Finally, the results of a preliminary vulnerability model were presented in the form of expert-based fragility functions derived for buildings typical of Serbia's residential building stock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper traces the development of the Orthodox Church institutions in Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina during the de-Ottomanization process of Southeastern Europe in the 19th and early 20th centuries. I focus on the Muslim population's responses, primarily by institutions and intellectuals, to events that followed the autonomy of the Belgrade Metropolitanate gained in 1831. The Orthodoxy's increasing influence and the declining influence of Islam on social trends and the formation of political ideas and approaches are also detected. The 'Eastern question' still has significant protagonists in the Balkans, so these relations have their geopolitical implications. Given the holistic approach, attention is paid to this relationship in the wider Balkan and even global context due to clear links in social movements during the de-Ottomanization of the Balkans, beyond Bosniak-Serb relations. The analysis also includes the consequences of certain religious and popular teachings within these universal missions on the ideological and cultural conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this presentation is to examine an important moment in the history of the Balkans, namely the annexation of the Ottoman provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary in 1908, the international crisis that broke out in the first decade of the 20th century - the Bosnian crisis, its influence on the relations between the Dualistic Monarchy and the Kingdom of Serbia and the further deepening Austro-Serbian conflict. The article traces the actions of Serbian diplomacy in its attempts to obtain territorial compensations, the belligerent moods that arose in Belgrade, the public discontent that erupted in Serbia and the reactions in Vienna. The attempts of the Great Powers to prevent the outbreak of military conflict on the European continent are examined. The diplomatic moves of the German diplomacy, which exerted pressure on St. Petersburg and Belgrade to recognize the act of annexation, are also clarified. For the needs of the research, Bulgarian and foreign scientific works on the subject were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oeuvre of the Serbian educator, writer, pedagogue, translator and ethnographer Milan Đ. Milićević completes the existing picture of music pedagogy in Serbia in the second half of the 19th century. Although Milićević did not directly deal with music pedagogical issues, he was deeply convinced that learning music has a central role in the moral development of the individual and community if it is grounded in mastering church chants and folk songs in the teaching process. This would correspond to the concept of folk music pedagogy, which is in conformity with the general guidelines in Serbian music education in the 19th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Music in Serbia festival (Muzika u Srbiji – MUS) was held in Belgrade and other Serbian cities from 1976 to 1991. Presenting contemporary creativity of composers from the former Socialist Republic of Serbia and its two provinces (Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina), as well as works by Serbian authors of older generations, MUS existed as a unique place of valorization and revalorization of domestic art music. Through the analysis of program and organizational strategies, financial aspects, repertoire policy, and forms of dissemination and promotion, this article points not only to the artistic scope but also to the socio-political implications of the Music in Serbia festival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Tamburitza Extravaganza, a musical event in the United States organized by the Tamburitza Association of America (TAA), has presented tambura-based ensembles for over 50 years. At the event, American stylistic variants of Croatian and Serbian music are performed to exuberant diaspora audiences, and musicians are honored for sustaining tamburitza music. Drawing on the author’s experience as an Extravaganza performer, interviews with TAA members, published TAA documents, and published tamburitza sources, the Tamburitza Extravaganza is analyzed as a sui generis music festival using the musical ecosystem model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many research papers show that the most intense cardiac remodelling can be seen in endurance athletes, but no studies have examined right heart remodelling in triathletes. The aim of the study is to examine the morphological and functional characteristics of the right heart in elite Serbian triathletes. To assess the morphofunctional characteristics of the right heart, cardiac ultrasounds were performed following current recommendations, using a Philips IE33 device and a 5.2-MHz probe. The right ventricular diameter (RVEDD) was measured from the parasternal crosssection, and the right atrial volume (RAvol) and the right ventricular wall thickness (RVWT) were measured from the four-cavity cross-section. The M-mode method was used to measure the amplitude of the movement of the right ventricular tricuspid annulus (TAPSE). The sample consisted of two groups of men: experimental – elite triathlete seniors from Serbia (n=17; age: 35.88±11.27), and control – healthy untrained adults (n=20; age: 21.35±2.08). RVEDD, RAvol, and RVWT were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.01), but no significant difference was observed in TAPSE (p=0.653). Also, RVEDD and RAvol in the experimental group showed values higher than the reference values for the general population, while RVWT and TAPSE were within reference values. The obtained results indicate that there are signs of right heart remodeling in triathletes. Considering the growing number of persons involved in triathlon, it is necessary to draw the attention of all coaches and athletes to the importance of regularly monitoring the triathletes’ hearts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1773 Russia reached the Danube River for the first time. In the following years, Petersburg permanently oriented itself towards the Balkans and began to conduct an active policy towards the Ottoman Orthodox Christians living here. The proposed study sheds light on the Russian migration policy towards Serbs, Montenegrins, Wallashians, Moldavians, Bulgarians, and Greeks in the second half of the 18th century, especially during the time of Catherine II. A connection is made between the territorial expansion of Russia to the south and the aspiration of the Russian empress to populate the "new lands" with foreign migrants, including from the Balkans. An attempt is made to delineate the nature, scales, dynamics, and main instruments for the implementation of migration. Giventhe opportunities for influence in the Ottoman possessions, special attention is paid to the propaganda that Russia spread among the Ottoman Christians during the period under review. This is extremely important because over time Orthodoxy became the political doctrine and state policy of the Russian Empire, in which Orthodox Christians living in the Ottoman state became a political weapon in the hands of Petersburg. This research uses official and unofficial Russian documents, as well as research-monographs, studies, and articles by Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Ukrainian, and Turkish scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the period of the building up of Serbian musical life, the first professional musicians were foreign artists, and then, in the second half of the century, domestic professional personnel were also formed. Serbian choral composers were educated in various European centres, such as Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Munich, Rome and Leipzig. The work of numerous Serbian singing societies in the 1830s paved the way for the quality of some choirs, especially those in Belgrade, to be noticed on the international scene in the era of Stevan Stojanović Mokranjac. When the era of S. S. Mokranjac was over, according to many, a "new era" for Serbian art began, and the tradition of the time was not only not abandoned, but also expanded and flourished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this explanatory research is to contribute to the knowledge of the marketing of spirits through research into Serbian rakija producers, with an emphasis on the marketing of their alcoholic beverages. In order to demonstrate that marketing results in higher product prices and revenues, three hypotheses related to the elements of the marketing mix will be investigated. In this quantitative survey, the questionnaire was distributed online to Serbian distillers (N = 104); hence, the sample was intentional and predetermined. The key finding is that only 4% of distillers have fully mastered marketing in the sense that they use all four elements of the marketing mix in their businesses; they also achieved significantly higher prices. It seems that it is not clear to Serbian rakija distillers exactly who they are targeting with their marketing and who will buy their products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper primarily considers the legal framework for the formation and functioning of a joint investigation team at the level of the European Union, with specific reference to the consequences that these rules may have on shaping the legislative framework of the Republic of Serbia in this area. In analyzing the Serbian normative framework, the authors particularly focus on practical considerations in the process of setting up of a joint investigation team and the original elements of this progressive tool of international cooperation, established and funded by Eurojust (EU Agency for Criminal Justice Cooperation). The second focal point of this paper is the support that may be provided by Eurojust in the process of formation and functioning of joint investigative teams, whose participants include both EU Member States and non-EU countries. In this regard, the authors consider the cooperation of the Republic of Serbia with Eurojust and present the opportunities for further strengthening of international cooperation with the EU Member States Union after signing the Cooperation Agreement between Eurojust and the Republic of Serbia in 2019. The advantages of this instrument of international cooperation are illustrated by referring to successful examples of joint investigation teams supported by Eurojust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the differences in two copies of the Old Bulgarian translation of In quatriduanum Lazarum II by John Chrysostom on textological, grammatical and lexical levels. And although Codex Suprasliensis and NIM24 are three centuries apart, it turns out that the late Serbian copy has preserved archaic elements of the original translation, some of which are missing in Codex Suprasliensis. The lengthy transmission of the text is the reason for the partial changes in NIM24 at the level of text, morphosyntax and vocabulary, but the language of the translation can be traced back to the same archetype as the language of the translation in Codex Suprasliensis. The results of the study demonstrate that when attributing a translation, it is necessary to attract late copies as well, because they always bear traces of the initial translation. In this way, the linguistic evidence providing information on the prototranslation is complemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zbornik Radova Vizantološkog Instituta is the property of Institute for Byzantine Studies of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the information provided in the Byzantine historical narratives composed between the end of the 10th and mid-13th century on Bulgarians, Serbs and the Rus as these peoples permanently settled or just temporarily resided in the area of the Central Balkans. This paper attempts to show how the Byzantine historiography of the mentioned period presented the peoples in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Energy drink (ED) consumption is a global public health issue, especially among adolescents and young adults, and it has become a common practice among medical students all over the world. The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes and practices of medical students about the consumption of ED. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 458 fourth-year medical students in Belgrade using an anonymous questionnaire. In the data analysis, a Chi-square test was used. About one third (32.3%) of the students consumed ED regularly, significantly more often older students (p <.01), smokers (p <.05), and students who drank coffee (p <.05) and alcohol (p <.01). The majority of students (61.5%) consumed ED while studying or before exams, during parties (27.7%) and without a special occasion (27.0%). Mixing alcohol with ED was reported by 12.8% of the students. Side effects after ED consumption have been noted by 59.5% of students of both genders, and the most common were palpitations (42.6%), insomnia (33.8%), and headache (33.1%). There is a need to raise awareness among medical students about energy drinks because they, as healthcare professionals, will educate people in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Socioloski Pregled is the property of Srpsko Sociolosko Drustvo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Socioloski Pregled is the property of Srpsko Sociolosko Drustvo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of the Faculty of Law in Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to present force majeure as stipulated in FIDIC forms, which are nowadays frequently in use when negotiating the conclusion of construction contracts concerning major projects. An important remark is that these forms have been greatly influenced by common law systems where operation of force majeure is dependent on the contractual definition and wording of the clause. On the other hand, the Serbian Law on Obligations contains its own understanding of force majeure-related concept, which might be amended in accordance with the principle of party autonomy. The paper further aims to elaborate on this interplay between these FIDIC forms and Serbian law. The conclusion is that the FIDIC force majeure clause represents an important contribution to the domestic regime, which does not expressly address scenarios with temporary impediments, which is necessary for successful completion of construction works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of intercultural negotiation among ethnic minorities in border areas has been widely debated in the social sciences, but the roles played by spatial vicinity and cultural proximity in influencing ethnic membership in borderland areas is still under-researched. This article addresses the role of geographic vicinity among ethnic minorities residing in a border area and the way cultural proximity is involved in this process. The research uses a questionnaire and interviews with a sample of members of ethnic groups (Hungarians, Bulgarians, Serbs and Ukrainians) who live in western Romania (Timiș county). The findings highlight that geographic proximity constitutes a key factor in the manifestation of cultural proximity in the relationship between ethnic minorities and their counterparts in the cross-border region. This process is also shaped by the bilateral relations between the host country and the country of origin of the ethnic group. Concluding the analysis, a crossover ethnic model is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to explore alternative statehood options for Yugoslavia's unification in 1918 and assess their potential success for Serbian interests. It falls within the realm of counterfactual analysis. The study draws on the economic theory of optimal nation size, which examines the pros and cons of larger nations, particularly the challenges posed by cultural diversity resulting from ethnolinguistic and religious differences. Five statehood alternatives have been identified, involving various degrees of Serbia's territorial expansion. Empirical evidence from the 1921 population census demonstrates that options leading to larger nation size would increase population heterogeneity. The research identifies an optimal solution that balances benefits and costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional Serbian religious art originated in Byzantine culture and conserved Byzantine elements until modern times. However, since the end of the 17th century, many changes in traditional icon painting have been introduced. Previous studies focused on the changes in iconography and style, but very little attention was paid to the changes in painting materials and techniques. This research focuses on the blue pigments on icons from the first half of the 18th century. Eight icons with blue areas of a different hue were selected for the study. Due to its rarity in nature, price, and iconographical importance, the blue pigment was particularly praised by painters. Therefore, the choice of the blue pigment can be related to historical information to trace influences and the development of the painter's practice. Imaging techniques, several portable, non-destructive analytical techniques, such as XRF and FTIR, followed by optical microscopy and SEM-EDX analysis of the samples were used to characterize blue pigments and the painting technique. An analysis showed that icon painters at the beginning of the 18th century used pigments such as azurite, an indigo-organic colourant of plant origin, and Prussian blue. Contrary to the traditional belief that natural ultramarine blue was used, it was not confirmed in any studied examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Philologist / Filolog: Journal of Language, Literary & Cultural Studies is the property of University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology / Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Filoloski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Philologist / Filolog: Journal of Language, Literary & Cultural Studies is the property of University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology / Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Filoloski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Philologist / Filolog: Journal of Language, Literary & Cultural Studies is the property of University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology / Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Filoloski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Philologist / Filolog: Journal of Language, Literary & Cultural Studies is the property of University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology / Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Filoloski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Community Connections: Studies on Education, Culture / Közösségi Kapcsolódások: Tanulmányok Kultúráról és Oktatásról is the property of Szeged University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Records / Pravni Zapisi is the property of Union University Law School, Belgrade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Records / Pravni Zapisi is the property of Union University Law School, Belgrade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legal Records / Pravni Zapisi is the property of Union University Law School, Belgrade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Simple Summary: Goat production is the least popular and most underrated livestock sector in the Republic of Serbia. Back in the 1950′s, goats were anathematized as being the ''destroyers" of the woods, and in 1954, the infamous Law on the Prohibition of Goat Keeping was implemented on the pretext of preserving the woods. This was unprecedented and never seen anywhere worldwide, but it led to the almost complete devastation of goats as it lasted for decades. Revitalization of the goat sector began decades later through the import of high-yield breeds such as French Alpine and Saanen goats. However, the autochthonous populations of goats that were on the brink of extinction are still to this day considered endangered. There is insufficient scientific data supporting goat production in Serbia, but there's primarily a lack of relevant research concerning autochthonous breeds. The present study is an attempt to contribute to overall scientific research in the goat sector and particularly to goat genetic resources through their characterization, as recognizing, preserving, and encouraging the breeding of locally specific breeds is important from the standpoint of zootechnical, ethical, cultural, as well as scientific reasons. This study investigated the possibility of using morphometric measurements to differentiate the autochthonous Serbian White goat breed from Saanen and Balkan goats, which were used as sire and dam breeds in its creation. For this purpose, a multivariate discriminant analysis was used. A total of 11 morphometric traits were measured in 98 does of 3 breeds: Saanen (n = 28), Balkan (n = 28), and Serbian White (n = 42), aged 2 to 7 years, in 4 different locations. Univariate analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in body measurements of all three breeds, with Saanen goat being the largest in format and Balkan the smallest. Discriminant analysis extracted six out of eleven tested morphometric traits with the strongest discriminatory power: heart girth, head length, chest depth, head width, pelvic width, and body length. Mahalanobis distances were significant between all three genetic groups. The discriminant function correctly classified 95.24% of the Domestic White goats investigated to their source group. The classification accuracy of the function was cross-validated and indicated an overall success rate of 91.84%. The results of this research showed that there was a clear separation between Serbian White, Saanen, and Balkan goats. The present findings could help a more rapid field assessment of Serbian White goats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim. The assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is fundamental for a better understanding of the effect of a disease on different aspects of a patient's daily functioning and the efficacy of the treatment modalities. Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) Quality of Life Questionnaire (PSS-QoL) is the first disease-specific instrument for evaluating HRQoL in patients with primary SS. The aim of this study was to formally translate the PSSQoL questionnaire from English to Serbian, assess its psychometric properties, and validate it for use in the Serbian population. Methods. The research was designed as a pilot study and included 30 participants. Internal consistency was determined by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The construct validity of the questionnaire was estimated by the correlation of its overall result with the patients' EuroQoL5D, European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) SS Patient Reported Index, Oral Health Impact Profile-14, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire scores. Results. There were 29 (96.7%) female participants and one (3.3%) male participant in the research. The average (± standard deviation) score of PSS-QoL was 44.63 ± 12.901 at baseline and 41.70 ± 12.075 at follow-up. Cronbach's alpha value of the Serbian version of PSS-QoL was 0.922. The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.981 (95% confidence interval: 0.436-0.996). Analysis revealed a statistically significant moderate to strong correlation between PSS-QoL scores and EuroQol-5D (rs = -0.696), EULAR SS Patient Reported Index (rs = 0.883), and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 scores (rs = 0.809). Conclusion. Serbian adaptation of the PSS-QoL instrument can be used to evaluate HRQoL of patients with primary SS both in academic research and clinical practice as a novel outcome measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Balkan Peninsula acted as a refugium for many steppic species during the Pleistocene, resulting in a high genetic variability, which, in some cases, presents a northward decreasing latitudinal gradient. In the present study, we investigate the genetic diversity of the European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) in its Balkan distribution, sampled comprehensively across its entire distribution in Greece (133 samples from 21 localities). These samples are compared with others from Serbia (54 samples from eight localities) and the available published data from its range in Europe (124 sequences from GenBank). Our results show that the genetic diversity of the Greek and Serbian populations is not correlated with a latitudinal gradient. However, when the entire European range is considered, the model that best fits the genetic variation of the species is based on the 'centre–periphery' hypothesis. The founder (centre) populations of the species were most probably situated in south-eastern Bulgaria and European Turkey and underwent rapid expansion post-glacially, during the Holocene, both northwards (Central Europe) and southwards (Greece), as revealed by the decreased genetic diversity and phylogeographical inference analysis in these marginal regions. These results indicate a particular phylogeographical history of a European species and set a baseline for conservation management in its southern populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the policies of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia on the national question between 1918-1941 will be examined. After the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (the Kingdom of Yugoslavia since 1929), which united the Southern Slavs under a single state in 1918, the most important political conflict in the country was between the pro-centralist Serbs and the pro-federal Croats. When the Communist Party of Yugoslavia was founded in Belgrade in April 1919, it accepted the idea that Serbs, Croats and Slovenes formed a single Yugoslav nation, and also set a goal of overthrowing the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. After 1934, the communist party accepted the existence of Slovene, Croat and Serbian nations separately and adopted a political program for the establishment of a federal Yugoslav state on the basis of equality of nations. The decisions of the Comintern played a major role in changing the party's view on the national question. In this study, the transition process from the view of the existence of a single Yugoslav nation, which was adopted by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia when it was first established, to the view of federalist Yugoslavia, which recognizes the existence of different nations, will be explained. It will be argued also that the transformation of this ideological-political attitude was decisive to the establishment of Second Yugoslavia (1945-1991) as a federal state by the communists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macedonian and former Serbian regions of the Ottoman Empire. Serbia, which expanded its borders with the Treaty of Berlin in 1878, but lost Bosnia, which had historical ambitions, to Austria-Hungary, had to turn its direction to the south. However, it found Bulgaria and Greece in the face of its aims to expand to the south. Serbia, which declared war on Bulgaria and was defeated by the annexation of Eastern Rumelia by the Bulgarians, also struggled with the Bulgarians in Macedonia. Although he tried to come to terms with the Greeks, this did not happen. Bulgaria and Greece were fighting in the field of church and school in Macedonia and they had established various associations. In Serbia, he founded the Saint Sava Society in order to open as many schools as possible in Macedonia and Kosovo and to neutralize the Bulgarian propaganda. The Ottoman State carefully followed the activities of the society in its own lands through the Belgrade envoys. St. Sava Society, which has the motto "My member brother is my friend, no matter what religion", worked actively from its establishment until 1891. The students of the society, whose school in Belgrade was closed in 1891, also dispersed. However, the Ottoman State continued to follow the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article assesses the effects of the current global geopolitical recomposition on Serbia, especially in the light of the multidimensional consequences of the current war in Ukraine. The effects of the dominant policies of the main external factors—i.e., the United States, the European Union, Russia, and China—have been analysed from a geopolitical perspective, with the argument put forward being that, following the war in Ukraine, Serbia will find itself on the western side of a New Iron Curtain, which will fall across Europe from the Baltic to the Black Sea as the main geopolitical consequence of current conflict in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to contribute to the existing scholarship in the field by the exploring issues yet to come into the focus of geopolitical analysis in the Serbian context: 'green' initiatives, energy and climate change, and COVID-19 vaccines. All these have become extensions of the geopolitics and geo-economics of the key global powers in their efforts to position themselves as best they can in developing a multipolar world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: In the era of gel cards, we aimed to determine the incidence of a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) in a population of blood donors in Serbia and to compare results with the period when a conventional tube technique was used. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 184,171 blood donors over 10 years (2012–2021). Positive DAT results initially were detected after positive result of the compatibility test. After a DAT had been initially performed on fresh blood samples, a control DAT was performed 6 months later. Results: Using gel cards, we found a low incidence (0.09%) of DAT positivity among 55,254 female and 128,917 male blood donors, with no difference found in the occurrence of a positive DAT between them. Positive DAT moderately positively correlated with increasing age of blood donors, but without statistical significance. The vast majority of blood donors (98.86%) were IgG positive. All donors were in good health, did not take medication or had anaemia or haemolysis. During the period 1980–1989, when the test tube technique was used, we found 0.05% DAT‐positive blood donors. Conclusion: The incidence of positive DAT results in Serbian blood donors is higher compared with that found using the previous test tube technique, but the incidence is consistent with the findings of other studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black (Piper nigrum L.) and cubeb pepper (Piper cubeba L.) fruits from the Serbian market were chosen as unprocessed materials for obtaining market-valuable essential oils. Since pepper fruits are only imported in Serbia, inadequate transportation and storage conditions may lead to their spoilage, negatively affecting their quality as feedstocks. To ensure the highest quality of essential oils, fruits were refrigerated upon purchase, mechanically disintegrated at colder conditions and subjected to hydrodistillation. Black (BPEO) and cubeb pepper essential oil (CPEO) contained 34 and 42 compounds, respectively. CPEO showed better inhibitory effect on B. cereus (ATCC strain) and C. albicans (isolate and ATCC strain). Both oils were not bactericidal against B. cereus (isolate and ATCC strains) and S. enterica (isolate). The best antioxidant properties were shown after 1 h of incubation. These results are valuable for further progress, development and production regarding the aromatic plant industry, pharmaceutical and food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout east, central, and southeast Europe, postwar national historiographies largely represented the breakup of Austria-Hungary and the establishment of successor states as a foregone conclusion, as a process that could only end with the foundation of nation-states, and a significant part of Slovene historiography still clings to such an interpretation. The author attempts to revise this nationalist meta-narrative about the transition from Austria-Hungary to Yugoslavia. Describing the uncertain atmosphere and bringing the open-endedness of developments to the fore, the author contends that very little seemed predetermined in 1918; that other outcomes appeared possible; and that the establishment of the State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs as well as its subsequent unification with Serbia was not a product of a prolonged and systematic effort, supported by a mass movement. More than anything, it was a reaction to the changed circumstances of late 1918, and the proclamation of independence caught many by surprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although ethnopharmacologically renowned, wax constituents of Dianthus species were sporadically studied. A combination of GC-MS analysis, synthesis, and chemical transformations enabled the identification of 275 constituents of diethyl-ether washings of aerial parts and/or flowers of six Dianthus taxa (Dianthus carthusianorum, D. deltoides, D. giganteus subsp. banaticus, D. integer subsp. minutiflorus, D. petraeus, and D. superbus) and one Petrorhagia taxon (P. prolifera) from Serbia. Seventeen of these constituents (nonacosyl benzoate, additional 12 benzoates with anteiso-branched 1-alkanols, eicosyl tiglate, triacontane-14,16-dione, dotriacontane-14,16-dione, and tetratriacontane-16,18-dione) and two additional synthesized eicosyl esters (angelate and senecioate) represent completely new compounds. The structures of the tentatively identified β-ketones were confirmed by analysis of the mass fragmentation of the corresponding pyrazoles and silyl enol ethers obtained by transformations of crude extracts and extract fractions. Silylation allowed the identification of 114 additional constituents, including a completely new natural product (30-methylhentriacontan-1-ol). The results obtained by multivariate statistical analyses showed that the chemical profile of Dianthus taxa's surface waxes is subject to both genetic and ecological factors, whereas the latter seemingly takes a more important role for the studied Dianthus samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Horizons of Politics / Horyzonty Polityki is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Serbs in Old Serbia and Macedonia in the late 19th century, in national terms, were not recognized by the Turkish authorities. Their position in this region made it difficult for the Bulgarian and Greek propaganda and armed troops of Albanians, so the Serbs had to struggle to defend themselves and defend their national identity. One aspect of this struggle was the educational and cultural activity reflected in the establishment and development of the Serbian primary and secondary schools, the establishment of bookstores, and church-school communities. Support in all this was given by the educational institutions, which had the task of minimizing foreign influences and using the potentials at their disposal to achieve national integrity. Thanks to their existence, at least for a short time, it seemed that the prevailing attitude was that the Serbs in those areas at the same time formed a bridge and an insurmountable gap between East and West. Besides the State government, support in dealing with educational issues was given by the Saint Sava Association established at the initiative of Svetomir Nikolajevic, professor of History and Literature at the Great School. Academic, political, and national activities of the Association were expressed through the establishment and work of Saint Sava evening, Preparatory and Theological-Teaching School in Belgrade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Different rodent species serve as natural intermediate hosts for carnivore tapeworm Taenia crassiceps. However, this cestode occasionally infects various dead-end hosts including humans and other primates and may cause serious pathological implications with potentially fatal outcome. In this paper, we present subcutaneous cysticercosis caused by T. crassiceps, found in a previously healthy 17-years-old male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) in a Serbian Zoo. Case Presentation: The animal was presented to a veterinarian with a history of periarticular subcutaneous swelling in medial right knee region. After fine needle aspiration revealed cycticerci-like structures, a surgery was performed for complete extraction of the incapsulated multicystic mass containing numerous cysticerci. Collected material was sent for parasitological, histological and molecular analysis. One month after surgery, the lemur died due to respiratory failure unrelated to cysticercosis. Based on morphological features of large and small hooks and characteristic proliferation of cysticerci, a metacestode of T. crassiceps was identified, which was confirmed after sequencing of obtained amplicons and comparing them to the GenBank database. Conclusions: This is one of the few reported cases of T. crassiceps cysticercosis in a ring-tailed lemur, and the first one in Serbia. This endangered species seem to be more sensitive for T. crassiceps than other non-human primates, which represents serious conservation challenge for captive animals. Due to zoonotic nature of the parasite, challenging diagnosis, severity of the disease, difficult treatment and possible fatalities, high biosecurity measures are of particular importance, especially in endemic regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Marmara University Journal of Turkology / Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)