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In the literature we found many studies that confirmed our concerns about nursing students' poor maths skills that directly impact on their ability to correctly calculate drug dosages with very serious consequences for patient safety. The aim of our study was to explore where students had most difficulty and identify appropriate educational interventions to bridge their mathematical knowledge gaps. This was a quali-quantitative descriptive study that included a sample of 726 undergraduate nursing students. We identified exactly where students had most difficulty and identified appropriate educational interventions to bridge their mathematical knowledge gaps. We found that the undergraduate nursing students mainly had difficulty with basic maths principles. Specific learning interventions are needed to improve their basic maths skills and their dosage calculation skills. For this purpose, we identified safeMedicate and eDose (Authentic World Ltd.), only that they are only available in English. In the near future we hope to set up a partnership to work together on the Italian version of these tools.

The study aims to identify suitable regulatory frameworks and business models for transmission investment to enable international exchange and local use of renewable energy across the EU and MENA regions. The analysis explores how policy frameworks can support the realization of individual transmission lines and their use to support renewable project investment and energy transport in the short-term, e.g. next ten years. The current ten year network development plan of ENTSO-e envisages such lines between Italy and Tunisia and between Italy and Algeria with a total capacity of 1.5 GW. An interconnection of similar scale already exists between Spain and Morocco. Grid and renewable projects could facilitate closer cooperation between the EU and MENA regions to support their economic development, job prospects and reducing reliance on domestic subsidized gas purchases. For the longer-term, large scale transmission between EU and MENA can lead to large cost savings, as it can enable an arbitrage in the daily and seasonal profiles of wind and solar plants and demand in the EU and MENA countries, and can allow to access some of the better resource potentials (DII, 2012). Such large scale energy cooperation requires early projects to develop trust, experience on institutional and technology sides and continuous dialog among all stakeholders involved. Therefore policy frameworks to support individual projects also need to be assessed with regard to their ability to contribute towards such a longer-term perspective.

Paediatric hospitals can be perceived by children, parents, health professionals as 'safe' places, but accidents do occur.To review publications relating to in-hospital paediatric accidents and highlight the state-of-the-science concerning this issue especially in relation to falls, and the evolution of research addressing this issue.Integrative review of papers published before March 2011 on accidents and falls occurred in hospitalized children. Electronic databases (PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Cochrane Library databases) and further hand searching through references were searched. The inclusion criteria were articles involving observational, quasi-experimental or experimental studies in English or Italian. Exclusion criteria were articles addressing the outcomes of falls caused by suspect violence on children. Thirteen studies in English were included.Of the 13 studies conducted between 1963 and 2010, 10 had been conducted in the last 5 years; 10 in the USA. The studies were divided into two categories: contextualization and prevention of the 'accident' or 'fall' phenomenon (10 studies), and fall risk assessment (three studies). The most frequent type of design was observational explorative/descriptive. Several areas of investigation were explored (hazardous environment, children's characteristics correlated to accidents/falls, characteristics of the accidents/falls and their outcomes, paediatric fall risk factors and risk assessment tools, fall risk prevention programmes, parents' perceptions of accident/fall risks, etc.).No comparable methods were used to investigate the contextualization and prevention of the 'accident' and 'fall' phenomena; proposed fall risk assessment tools were not evaluated for their reliability and validity.Consensus would be needed around the approach to accidents in terms of: the definition of 'accident' and 'fall'; 'fall-related injury' and respective classifications; the frequency and rate calculation methods; the tools used to assess the risk of falls; and evidence-based practice aimed at preventing them.