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Background: Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1 and FGFR4 have been associated with tumorigenesis in a variety of tumour types. As a therapeutic approach, their inhibition has been attempted in different types of malignancies, including lung cancer, and was initially focused on FGFR1-amplified tumours, though with limited success. Methods: In vitro and in vivo functional assessments of the oncogenic potential of downregulated/overexpressed genes in isogenic cell lines were performed, as well as inhibitor efficacy tests in vitro and in vivo in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). mRNA was extracted from FFPE non-small cell lung cancer samples to determine the prognostic potential of the genes under study. Findings: We provide in vitro and in vivo evidence showing that expression of the adhesion molecule N-cadherin is key for the oncogenic role of FGFR1/4 in non-small cell lung cancer. According to this, assessment of the expression of genes in different lung cancer patient cohorts showed that FGFR1 or FGFR4 expression alone showed no prognostic potential, and that only co-expression of FGFR1 and/or FGFR4 with N-cadherin inferred a poorer outcome. Treatment of high-FGFR1 and/or FGFR4-expressing lung cancer cell lines and patient-derived xenografts with selective FGFR inhibitors showed high efficacy, but only in models with high FGFR1/4 and N-cadherin expression. Interpretation: Our data show that the determination of the expression of FGFR1 or FGFR4 alone is not sufficient to predict anti-FGFR therapy efficacy; complementary determination of N-cadherin expression may further optimise patient selection for this therapeutic strategy. Keywords: FGFR1, FGFR4, N-cadherin, Predictive biomarker, FGFR inhibitors

Objetivo: proponer un mecanismo inteligente de anticipación a la adaptación sensorial del consumidor que advierta el riesgo de cancelación de la tarjeta de crédito en virtud de los cambios observables en las variables salientes que reporta la superintendencia financiera en Colombia, y la relación entre participación y cuota relativa de los bancos en la industria, para estimular el umbral diferencial en el mercado de competencia perfecta de las tarjetas de crédito e intervenir sobre el ciclo de vida del producto. Método: paradigma de complejidad que incorpora aspectos de la investigación primaria e investigación secundaria, matriz de datos anormal y estadística no paramétrica. Resultados: se encontró que existe un modelo explicativo de simulación del comportamiento de cancelación de tarjetas canceladas en Colombia sobre la participación y cuota relativa de cada banco en la industria. Conclusiones: el monitoreo de variables de información pública sobre tarjetas de crédito advierte cambios en la industria y riesgos de aumento de cartera castigada para el banco. El uso de la inteligencia artificial para desarrollar mecanismos anticipados a partir de información histórica es fundamental para “sentir y responder” a los cambios del mercado y riesgos con el uso del producto.

BackgroundPatients with a first episode psychosis (FEP) who are admitted for the first time to a psychiatric hospital frequently have experienced prior psychological trauma. Additionally, 40–80% develop posttraumatic stress symptoms, which are summarized as a post-psychotic post-traumatic syndrome (PPS). Eye Movement Desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy could be an effective psychotherapy to treat a PPS and prior psychological traumas in this population.ObjectivesTo assess if EMDR therapy leads to: 1) a reduction of relapses after intervention, 2) an improvement of trauma-related, psychotic and affective symptoms, 3) an improvement of overall functioning, and 4) an improvement in quality of life.MethodsThis is a multicenter phase II rater-blinded randomized controlled trial in which 80 FEP patients with a history of psychological trauma will be randomly assigned to EMDR (n = 40) or to TAU (n = 40). Traumatic events will be measured by the Global Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Questionnaire, the Cumulative Trauma Screening, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Childhood Trauma Scale, the Holmes–Rahe Life Stress Inventory, and the Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire. Clinical symptomatology will be evaluated using the Suicide and Drug Consumption module of the International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Structured Clinical Interview for Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Young’s Scale for Mania Evaluation, and Beck Depression II Questionnaire. Functionality will be assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning and the Quality of Life with the Standardized Instrument developed by the EuroQol Group. The cognitive insight and adherence to the treatment will be assessed with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale and the Drug Attitude Inventory. All variables will be measured at baseline, post-treatment and at 12-month follow-up.ConclusionThis study will provide evidence of whether EMDR therapy is effective in reducing trauma and clinical symptoms, reducing relapses and in improving functionality and quality of life in patients with FEP and a history of trauma.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03991377

The aim of this study was to quantify the probability of committing a speed infraction by young drivers and to investigate to what extent listening music could affect young drivers’ emotions as well as their driving performances at the wheel. To achieve this aim, employing Bayesian networks, the study analysed different music styles, in which they resulted in sample drivers’ speed infractions. Gender and drivers’ experiences at the wheel were the other factors, which were taken into account when interpreting the study results. Variables taken into account in this study included type of music whilst driving, gender of drivers, and drivers’ driving experiences. These variables further incorporated into the study of other telemetric variables including acceleration, number of revolutions per minute (RPM) of the engine, brake, traffic, and other types of infractions other than speed, which were considered as dependent variables. A driving simulator was used, and different driving simulation studies were carried out with young people aged between 20 and 28 years. Each participant carried out three simulations by listening to different type of music in each journey. The study defined a conceptual model in which the data were analysed and evaluated mathematically through Bayesian networks. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of music on driving speed. Based on the different variables, the study further analysed the probability of speed infractions committed by drivers and their adequate speed. The range of frequency probabilities varied between 96.32% (which corresponds to experienced male drivers who do not listen to music) and 79.38% (which corresponds to less-experienced female drivers who listen to music), which resulted in their happiness or aggression.

Background and Aims. An excessive and prolonged use of fertilizers undermines soils’ quality and, consequently, that of the crops they support, thus reducing the content of organic matter and generating environmental damages and problems to human health. Therefore, the use of biofertilizers such as cyanobacteria becomes a promising alternative. However, it is not always possible to generalize these fertilizers’ applicability, because microorganisms may be impacted by the physical and chemical variations of their environment. We will describe the action mechanisms or the characteristics of cyanobacteria involved in plant growth promotion for different crops in situ through a systematic review of scientific literature. Methods. A comprehensive search for original articles in two different databases, ScienceDirect and Scopus, was performed. We included in our search documents published from 2009 to 2018. After the screening process and the addition of gray literature publications, we obtained 23 articles for theoretical analysis. Results. The studies were distributed mainly in Asia and part of Africa, without any important temporal variation. They also showed a tendency to describe the use of cyanobacteria genera such as Anabaena sp., Nostoc sp., and Calothrix sp., besides mechanisms as N2 fixation, phosphate solubilization, phytohormone production, bioactive compounds excretion, and symbiotic associations, mainly on rice, wheat and corn crops. Conclusions. Cyanobacteria fertilizers used in situ are a widespread strategy, mainly in cereal crops. Their use is predominant in countries where cereal crops make an important contribution to their national economy. The great variety of mechanisms and characteristics of cyanobacteria used to promote plant growth in the field demonstrate the dramatic influence that physical, chemical, and biological variables have in their development.

Heterocyclic ligands and their metallic complexes are biologically active materials [...]

Tomato landraces are regaining interest in Spain because their great fruit quality and value in popular gastronomy. Muchamiel is a traditional tomato variety grown in SE Spain that has been recently improved by the CIAGRO-UMH Tomato Breeding Group, resulting in several lines and hybrids with genetic resistances to virus and most of the original Muchamiel genome. In the current study, two hybrids and one pure line from CIAGRO-UMH and a commercial Muchamiel were grown under conventional conditions to evaluate three different grafting treatments: non-grafting and grafting onto the commercial Beaufort and Maxifort rootstocks. The yield parameters and fruit quality were assessed, and a sensory analysis was performed to evaluate the behavior of every scion/rootstock combination. Overall, significantly worse yield and fruit number in Maxifort-grafted plants were reported; as well as a slight reductions in SSC, fructose, and sucrose; and significant effects on few sensory traits. Instead, Beaufort-grafted plants showed no reduced yield, whereas no differences were reported between grafting treatments in fruit weight, TA, and acid profile, as well as in most of flavor and texture sensory parameters. These results suggest that Muchamiel/Beaufort combination could be suitable under unfavorable conditions, while Maxifort do not seem to provide agronomic nor quality benefits.

This study considers the limitations of cobalt violet orthophosphate, Co3P2O8, in the ceramic industry due to its large amount of cobalt. MgxCo3−xP2O8 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) solid solutions with the stable Co3P2O8 structure were synthesised via the chemical coprecipitation method. The formation of solid solutions between the isostructural Co3P2O8 and Mg3P2O8 compounds decreased the toxically large amount of cobalt in this inorganic pigment and increased the melting point to a temperature higher than 1200 °C when x ≥ 1.5. Co3P2O8 melted at 1160 °C, and compositions with x ≥ 1.5 were stable between 800 and 1200 °C. The substitution of Co(II) with Mg(II) decreased the toxicity of these materials and decreased their price; hence, the interest of these materials for the ceramic industry is greater. An interesting purple colour with a* = 31.6 and b* = −24.2 was obtained from a powdered Mg2.5Co0.5P2O8 composition fired at 1200 °C. It considerably reduced the amount of cobalt, thus improving the colour of the Co3P2O8 pigment (a* = 16.2 and b* = −20.1 at 1000 °C). Co3P2O8 is classified as an inorganic pigment (DCMA-8-11-1), and the solid solutions prepared were also inorganic pigments when unglazed. When introducing 3% of the sample (pigment) together with enamel, spreading the mixture on a ceramic support and calcining the whole in an electric oven, a colour change from violet to blue was observed due to the change in the local environment of Co(II), which could be seen in the UVV spectra of the glazed samples with the displacement of the bands towards higher wavelengths and with the appearance of a new band assigned to tetrahedral Co(II). This blue colour was also obtained with Co2SiO4, MgCoSiO4 or Co3P2O8 pigments containing a greater amount of cobalt.

Abstract Background The available literature suggests that there are significant differences in maternal mortality according to maternal origin in high income countries. The objective of this study was to quantify the risk of maternal death by maternal origin and region of Spain where the birth occurred and to identify the most important causes of maternal death in our country. Methods An ecological cross-sectional study was conducted that included all deliveries that resulted in maternal survival and cases of maternal death during 1999–2015 in Spain. A descriptive analysis of the maternal mortality rate by maternal origin, region and year of birth was performed. The risk of maternal death was calculated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, with adjustment for the variables included in the descriptive analysis. Results There were 272 maternal deaths during this period, most of which were due to haemorrhage (63 cases, 23.16%).Women whose continent of origin was South America had the highest adjusted risk of maternal death, with an OR of 3.92 (95% CI 2.75–5.58). The region of Spain with the highest risk of maternal death was Ceuta, with an OR of 12.11 (95% CI 2.02–72.68). Conclusions This study shows that there are inequalities in maternal mortality according to maternal origin and region where labour occurred. These findings highlight the need to establish strategies at the national and European levels to analyse the most relevant causes and risk factors associated with maternal mortality in order to reduce it and pay closer attention in identifying and carefully managing pregnant women from this at risk groups.

The Constitutions of 1988 in Brazil and 1991 in Colombia have instantiated a complex process of transformative constitutionalism associated with the protection of rights, and the inclusion of minority groups. In spite of the prominent role of the judiciary in these processes, it should be stated that these Constitutions recognized the importance of the legislative branch within the transformations they seek to achieve. The question that remains open is whether a strong intervention by the judiciary is instrumental to put the legislature back in shape and put it in tune with the transformation that both Constitutions seek to achieve. As this paper will show, despite the good decisions delivered when deciding particular cases, overall, transformative constitutionalism based on the prominent role of the Courts has not been that transformative in terms of reforming political institutions. In this sense, what this paper seeks to highlight is that, in order to develop an adequate theory on judicial review, it is crucial to truly identify the limitations of constitutionalism and what judicial review can and cannot do.

AIM: To evaluate the repeatability of an optical device for measuring the Zernike coefficients of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) and assess whether its toricity has any impact in its repeatability. METHODS: An experienced technician used the NIMO TR1504 to measure the Zernike coefficients 30 times for an aperture of 4.50 mm for all lenses included. The IOLs included were divided into two group: toric and non-toric ones. The cylindrical powers of the toric lenses included in the present study were 1.00, 1.50, 2.25, 3.00 and 3.75 D. Finally, the repeatability of the NIMO TR1504 was described in terms of within subject standard deviation (Sw) and repeatability limit. RESULTS: The Sw was smaller than 0.011 µm for both lens groups and all Zernike coefficients, and the difference between both groups was smaller than 0.004 µm for all Zernike coefficients. Regarding the repeatability limit, this value was smaller than 0.025 µm for the toric lens group, and smaller than 0.031 µm for the non-toric lens one for all Zernike coefficients. Furthermore, the maximum difference between both lens groups was 0.010 µm. CONCLUSION: The repeatability of the NIMO TR1504 to measure the optical quality is high and independent of the lens toricity. These results reflect that this system is robust and could be used to measure the in-vitro optical quality of either toric or non-toric IOLs.

Caracterizar las condiciones ambientales en las que se desarrollan las especies forestales es importante, porque permite conocer parte de su hábitat; información útil para tomar decisiones encaminadas a un aprovechamiento integral de los bosques, que incluya medidas preventivas que contrarresten su degradación o su extinción. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las variables ambientales que afectan significativamente la abundancia de 10 especies arbóreas que crecen en los bosques templados de Santiago Comaltepec, al norte de Oaxaca, México. Para ello, se utilizaron tres métodos de análisis: 1) componentes principales, 2) coeficientes de correlación no paramétrica, y 3) modelos lineales generalizados. Se evaluaron un total de 23 variables medioambientales, principalmente, registros de temperaturas mínimas y máximas; precipitaciones en el verano, en invierno y en primavera; así como atributos fisiográficos que incluyeron la pendiente, la exposición y la altitud. Todas mostraron una correlación significativa (p

El artículo rescata la figura de Jane Addams y la importancia de su pensamiento social; presenta el centro social que lideró, la Hull House, y sus contribuciones al movimien-to laboral; y recupera la historia olvidada de las mujeres de la Escuela de Chicago a través de sus publicaciones en la American Journal of Sociology sobre diferentes ám-bitos de la sociología del trabajo. Desde la intersección de políticas de género y cono-cimiento en ciencias sociales, defendemos que la historia male/stream no solo ha perdido las anteriores contribuciones, sino también una particular apuesta epistemo-lógica: una epistemología de barrio desde lo cotidiano, relacional y cooperativa, des-de un pragmatismo radical que aúna investigación, reforma, activismo y teoría social.The beginnings of sociology of work: Jane Addams, Hull House and the Chicago Women’s SchoolThis article rescues the social thought of Jane Addams; introduces the social center who led, Hull House, and its contributions to the labor movement; and recovers the forgot-ten history of the Chicago Women’s School through their publications in the American Journal of Sociology on different areas of the sociology of work. From the intersection of gender and knowledge policies in social sciences, we argue that male/stream history has not only lost the previous contributions, but also a particular epistemological pro-posal: an epistemology of neighborhood from the everyday, relational and cooperati-ve, from a radical pragmatism that merges research, reform, activism and social theory.

En el presente trabajo se realiza una reflexión sobre la naturaleza del trabajo directivo –management–, a la luz de los tres modos posibles de conocimiento: la teoría, la práctica y la técnica. Puntualmente, se analiza el trabajo de tres autores: Henry Mintzberg, Ikujiro Nonaka y Alasdair MacIntyre, con el fin de mostrar cómo la evolución del estudio teórico de esta disciplina ha ido evidenciando su carácter eminentemente práctico. Mintzberg aporta una excelente introducción al fenómeno, ya que combina muy bien la observación práctica con la reflexión sobre lo que hacen los realmente directivos. Nonaka, por su parte, resalta el dinamismo de la empresa: su capacidad de innovar, de crear y compartir conocimiento. Finalmente, MacIntyre reivindica la perspectiva aristotélica en el estudio de la vida organizacional, con su revitalización de la noción de práctica. Se concluye resaltando que concebir el trabajo directivo como una práctica abre paso a una teoría normativa de la acción y su influencia en las organizaciones.

Wetlands are sensitive and complex systems whose conservation is a priority. For the correct understanding of their hydrological dynamics, it is necessary to determine the different elements of the water budget and, in particular, the geometry of the wetland basin in order to estimate the variations in storage capacity. This paper presents a novel, low-cost, user-friendly photogrammetric technique to obtain high-resolution datasets using non-metric cameras located in unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and structure-from-motion algorithms for producing high-precision 3D point clouds. The accuracy of the cartographic products obtained is evaluated using 59 checkpoints and comparing with the available LiDAR models. Best results are obtained using a full frame RGB sensor, which results in an orthomosaic with a pixel size of 1.38 cm and a positional RMSE of 3.8 cm in horizontal and a digital surface model (DSM) with a 3.5 cm RMSEZ. From the DSM, eliminating the influence of vegetation through masks, a digital terrain model (DTM) with a 5.9-cm RMSEZ that allows defining the filling curve of the wetland basin is obtained. This curve relates the stored volume and the surface exposed to evaporation with the water level, which allows to perform simulations in the balance models.

The development of synthesis methods to access advanced materials, such as magnetic materials that combine multimetallic phosphide phases, remains a worthy research challenge. The most widely used strategies for the synthesis of magnetic transition metal phosphides (TMPs) are organometallic approaches. In this study, Fe-containing homometallic dendrimers and Fe/Co-containing heterometallic dendrimers were used to synthesize magnetic materials containing multimetallic phosphide phases. The crystalline nature of the nearly aggregated particles was indicated for both designed magnetic samples. In contrast to heterometallic samples, homometallic samples showed dendritic effects on their magnetic properties. Specifically, saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc) decrease as dendritic generation increases. Incorporating cobalt into the homometallic dendrimers to prepare the heterometallic dendrimers markedly increases the magnetic properties of the magnetic materials from 60 to 75 emu/g. Ferromagnetism in homometallic and heterometallic particles shows different responses to temperature changes. For example, heterometallic samples were less sensitive to temperature changes due to the presence of Co2P in contrast to the homometallic ones, which show an abrupt change in their slopes at a temperature close to 209 K, which appears to be related to the Fe2P ratios. This study presents dendrimers as a new type of precursor for the assembly of magnetic materials containing a mixture of iron- and cobalt-phosphides phases with tunable magnetism, and provides an opportunity to understand magnetism in such materials.

In this paper, a new method for characterizing the dielectric breakdown voltage of dielectric oils is presented, based on the IEC 60156 international standard. In this standard, the effective value of the dielectric breakdown voltage is obtained, but information is not provided on the distribution of Kelvin forces an instant before the dynamic behavior of the arc begins or the state of the gases that are produced an instant after the moment of appearance of the electric arc in the oil. In this paper, the behavior of the oil before and after the appearance of the electric arc is characterized by combining a low-cost CMOS imaging sensor and a new matrix of electrical permittivity associated with the dielectric oil, using the 3D cell method. In this way, we also predict the electric field before and after the electric rupture. The error compared to the finite element method is less than 0.36%. In addition, a new method is proposed to measure the kinematic viscosity of dielectric oils. Using a low-cost imaging sensor, the distribution of bubbles is measured, together with their diameters and their rates of ascent after the electric arc occurs. This method is verified using ASTM standards and data provided by the oil manufacturer. The results of these tests can be used to prevent incipient failures and evaluate preventive maintenance processes such as transformer oil replacement or recovery.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical utility of automated refraction (AR) and keratometry (KR) compared with subjective or manifest refraction (MR) after cataract or refractive lens exchange surgery with implantation of Lentis Mplus X (Oculentis GmbH) refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). METHODS: Eighty-six eyes implanted with the Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL were included. MR was performed in all patients followed by three consecutive AR measurements using the Topcon KR-8000 autorefractor. Assessment of repeatability of consecutive AR before and after dilation with phenylephrine 10%, and comparison of the AR and KR with MR using vector analysis were performed at 3mo follow-up. RESULTS: Analysis showed excellent repeatability of the AR measurements. Linear regression of AR versus MR showed good correlation for sphere and spherical equivalent, whereas the correlation for astigmatism was low. The mean difference AR-MR was -1.28±0.29 diopters (D) for sphere. Astigmatism showed better correlation between KR and MR. CONCLUSION: We suggest AR sphere plus 1.25 D and the KR cylinder as the starting point for MR in eyes with a Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL. If AR measurements are equal to MR, decentration of the IOL should be suspected.

ABSTRACT Objective: To learn physicians’ perspectives regarding the ethical considerations of receiving benefits from the pharmaceutical industry through its sales representatives. Methods: Observational study, using phone interviews with general practitioners and specialists in Colombia, conducted between June 1 and July 15, 2014. The variables considered were age, sex, specialty, time as a practicing professional, place of work, level of care, city, and ethical perceptions of visits by representatives of the pharmaceutical industry and perceptions of gifts, restaurant invitations, conferences, trips, and money offered by the representatives. A multivariate analysis was performed. Results: A total of 172 physicians were interviewed; of these. 68.0% were male with a mean age of 41±5.3 years, and they received a mean of 2.7 visits per week. A total of 90.1% of interviewees considered ethical to receive desktop items, 91.3% to receive drug samples, 87.2% to receive invitations to conferences, 60.5% to accept money for research projects, and 55.8% to receive money to hold conferences. A total of 69.2% of the physicians believed that there tends to be a conflict of interest in the medical-pharmaceutical relationship, with statistically significant differences in physicians who work in public vs. private institutions (85.5% vs. 50.0%; p=0.002) and in general physicians vs. specialists (79.2% vs. 62.0%; p=0.04). Discussion: The relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and physicians is composed of everyday interactions that can vary. The offer of different types of benefits is identified as a source of potential conflicts of interest that may lead to ethical dilemmas in the practice of medicine. PERCEPCIÓN RESPECTO A CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS DE LOS MÉDICOS DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE RISARALDA (COLOMBIA) DERIVADAS DE RECIBIR BENEFICIOS DE LA INDUSTRIA FARMACÉUTICA RESUMEN Introducción: los médicos son visitados continuamente por representantes de los laboratorios farmacéuticos con fines promocionales. Objetivo: conocer la percepción de los médicos respecto a las consideraciones éticas derivadas de recibir beneficios o prebendas de la industria farmacéutica a través de sus representantes comerciales. Métodos: estudio observacional, mediante entrevistas telefónicas a médicos generales y especialistas en Colombia, entre 1 de junio y 15 de julio de 2014. Se consideraron las variables edad, sexo, especialidad, tiempo de ejercicio profesional, lugar de trabajo, nivel de atención, ciudad, percepciones éticas sobre la visita de representantes de la industria farmacéutica, regalos, invitaciones a restaurantes, congresos, viajes, dinero. Se hizo análisis multivariado. Resultados: se entrevistaron 172 médicos, el 68,0% eran hombres, edad promedio 41+5,3 años, recibían una media de 2,7 visitas semanales. El 90,1% de encuestados consideró ético recibir elementos de escritorio, 91,3% recibir muestras médicas, 87,2% recibir invitaciones a congresos, 60,5% aceptar dinero para proyectos de investigación, y 55,8% recibir dinero para realizar conferencias. El 69,2% de los médicos cree que en la relación médico-industria farmacéutica suele existir un conflicto de intereses, observándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los médicos que trabajan en instituciones públicas vs privadas (85,5% vs 50,0%; p=0,002) y entre médicos generales versus especialistas (79,2% vs 62,0%; p=0,04). Discusión: la relación de la industria farmacéutica con los médicos representa una actividad cotidiana en la cual las interacciones pueden ser variadas, y el ofrecimiento de diferentes tipos de beneficios fue identificado dejando en evidencia la posibilidad de creación de potenciales conflictos de intereses y que dan pie a la generación de dilemas éticos al ejercer la profesión médica.

A close analysis of the text of Gen. 2:8–15, pertaining to the Garden of Eden, shows the structural differences between said text and others from ancient mythologies that mention or describe a paradise. Likewise, that analysis suggests that the data provided by the Bible to locate paradise are merely a narrative device meant to dissipate all doubts as to the existence of a garden where God put human beings. Similar to other spaces that appear in the Bible, the Garden of Eden is, in fact, an impossible place. Throughout the centuries, however, recurring proposals have been made to locate paradise. As time went by, those proposals were progressively modified by the intellectual ideas dominant in any given era, thus leading the representations of the location of Paradise to be further and further away from the information provided by the biblical text.

The small intestine is key in the digestion and absorption of macro and micronutrients. The large intestine is essential for the absorption of water, to allow adequate defecation, and to harbor intestinal microbiota, for which their nutritional role is as important as it is unknown. This article will describe the causes and consequences of malnutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, the importance of screening and replacement of micronutrient deficits, and the main indications for enteral and parenteral nutrition in these patients. We will also discuss the causes of short bowel syndrome, a complex entity due to anatomical or functional loss of part of the small bowel, which can cause insufficient absorption of liquid, electrolytes, and nutrients and lead to complex management. Finally, we will review the causes, consequences, and management of malnutrition in patients with malignant and benign digestive tumors, including neuroendocrine tumors (present not only in the intestine but also in the pancreas).

Al mismo tiempo que diversos estudios sobre el teólogo de Lovaina, Adolphe Gesché, dan a conocer los puntos nucleares de su teología: su sistematicidad, su hondura y su intuición, nuevos caminos se van abriendo en la reflexión teológica impulsados por sus intuiciones. El presente artículo quiere mostrar las relaciones, –explícitas e implícitas–, del autor con la Teología Fundamental. Esto, en cuestiones epistemológicas –principios, tareas y funciones– y en el despliegue concreto de esta epistemología mostrando, de esta manera, el carácter integrador –entre Teología Fundamental y Teología Dogmática– de su obra. Una auténtica monstratio theologica.

Objective: Ileocecal endometriosis is rare. Symptoms range from no symptoms, cramps, vomiting, to acute intestinal obstruction. Our objective was to review our cases, clarify, and resume its most appropriate management focusing on the factors to determine diagnosis. This is a retrospective study by revision of medical charts of all ileal endometriosis cases of our unit from 2006 to 2014. Case Report: Seven cases were found; three (43%) had previous endometriosis laparoscopic diagnosis, four (57%) had partial bowel obstruction episodes, three (43%) had chronic pelvic pain, and one developed acute intestinal obstruction in postoperative ileostomy closure. In three (43%), the diagnosis was made with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and double contrast barium enema, in one (14%) only with MRI, and the other three (43%) during surgery. All patients underwent resection of the ileum and evolved favorably. Conclusion: Variability in symptoms hinders diagnosis. The gold standard for diagnosis is MRI, but clinical suspicion optimizes imaging test diagnosis. Segmental resection should be indicated in the majority of the cases.

Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum is arare cause of skin necrosis after surgery. It often appears with extensive ulcerations and scaring with significant aesthetic aftermaths. The pathogenesis is poorly understood but often associated with inflammatory diseases, however post-surgical idiopathic pyoderma gangrenosum can occur. Case Report: We report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum following a bilateral breast reconstruction in a 33-year-old woman, successfully treated with steroids. A week after the surgery wounds started to break down and extensive necrotic ulceration appeared quickly covering both breasts. After dermatopathology evaluation she received antibiotics and prednisone and three months later wounds were completely healed and surgery was not necessary.

Structural characterization of Ni3VxP2−xO8 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) and Ni2VyP2−yO7 (0 ≤ y ≤ 2) compositions was made and colour parameters of these materials measured. Ni(II) diphosphate and divanadate crystalline phases are not stables at high temperature. Solid solutions in Ni3P2O8 and Ni3V2O8 are obtained by incorporation of V(V) in Ni orthophosphate and P(V) in Ni orthovanadate structures. Solid solutions with Ni3V2O8 structure are formed in a greater compositional interval than solid solutions with Ni3P2O8 structure. These materials might be used as ceramic pigments because of its thermal and chemical stability. Tan brown colorations were obtained in glazed tiles when the fired compositions were 4% weight enamelled with a commercial glaze. Keywords: Phosphates, Vanadates, Nickel, Structure, Solid solutions, Colour