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Este estudo objetiva apresentar a importância do Estágio de Docência, para a formação didático-pedagógica de um futuro docente universitário. Trata-se de uma área de estudo complexa e que se encontra em expansão, apresentando diversas lacunas ainda a serem preenchidas. Esta pesquisa defende que o Estágio de Docência é uma ferramenta que pode vir a fazer com que os(as) pós-graduandos(as) possam adquirir e/ou aprimorar os saberes relacionados ao exercício da docência em nível superior. Apresenta como principais referências autores como: Bourdieu (1979), Lefevre e Lefevre (2006, 2012) e Veiga (2014).

In April 2020, the Ministry of Education suspended classroom activities due to the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, indicating the adoption of virtual classes. This research intends to explain the possible impacts of social distancing on the quality of life (QOL) of a sample of university professors, in addition to recording their difficulties and strengths in adapting activities to virtual teaching. Two questionnaires were sent to professors from four departments (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics and Education): the WHOQOL-Bref, validated by the WHO, in order to classify the QOL; and anothers about questions sociodemographic and open-ended question about their work activities. The data obtained (28 out of 94 possible respondents) were organized using Excel spreadsheets and also analyzed in a quantitative and qualitative way. As for QoL, the indices show that, in general, it was good (70.54 points, out of 100); that the professors of the Mathematics department had the lowest rates in all domains (64.01) and those of Chemistry the highest indicators (76.44); that the general values of women were below those of men in all domains, with the exception of social relationships (71.15). As for the difficulties with teaching activities, the professors highlighted: the decrease in interactions, less involvement of students with the objects of study; difficulty in finding ways to effectively assess remote activities, and in adapting activities and contents; in addition to more time spent in classes planning. As for the positive aspects that the remote activities provided, the professors point out the fact that the classes are not necessarily synchronous and the recordings are made available to the students; they also highlighted the facility for scheduling/carrying out joint meetings; and that the moment of crisis allowed opportunities to adopt new ways of working and, in a way, to rethink the pertinence/deepening of certain contents.

Saccadic adaptation ($SA$) is a cerebellar-dependent learning of motor commands ($MC$), which aims at preserving saccade accuracy. Since $SA$ alters visual localization during fixation and even more so across saccades, it could also involve changes of target and/or saccade visuospatial representations, the latter ($CDv$) resulting from a motor-to-visual transformation (forward dynamics model) of the corollary discharge of the $MC$. In the present study, we investigated if, in addition to its established role in adaptive adjustment of $MC$, the cerebellum could contribute to the adaptation-associated perceptual changes. Transfer of backward and forward adaptation to spatial perceptual performance (during ocular fixation and trans-saccadically) was assessed in eight cerebellar patients and eight healthy volunteers. In healthy participants, both types of $SA$ altered $MC$ as well as internal representations of the saccade target and of the saccadic eye displacement. In patients, adaptation-related adjustments of $MC$ and adaptation transfer to localization were strongly reduced relative to healthy participants, unraveling abnormal adaptation-related changes of target and $CDv$. Importantly, the estimated changes of $CDv$ were totally abolished following forward session but mainly preserved in backward session, suggesting that an internal model ensuring trans-saccadic localization could be located in the adaptation-related cerebellar networks or in downstream networks, respectively.

Objetiva-se analisar as implicações das experiências docentes em um Curso pré-universitário comunitário, oferecido por uma Universidade pública paulista, para a formação de graduandos-professores advindos de cursos de licenciatura. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar as contribuições da experiência como professor no Cursinho para a formação profissional e pessoal e para a (re)construção dos significados de ser professor. A pesquisa, qualitativa, empregou a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados com oito graduandos. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a principal motivação para participar do projeto foi a descoberta da sala de aula e que as experiências possibilitaram a relação teoria e prática na formação, além de confirmar o desejo em prosseguir na carreira docente. A troca de experiências e a vivência com outros professores e alunos incidiram no crescimento pessoal. Por fim, os significados de ser professor ganharam relevo com a reflexão sobre o papel docente na mediação do conhecimento e em sua capacidade de transformação social.

Background In recent years, there has been interest in low-cost, reduced-risk materials that could be used for attract-and-kill of the invasive pest, spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. This pest causes heavy economic damage to soft-skinned fruits in many countries. In this study, we evaluated physiological and behavioral effects of adding either borax, boric acid, or sodium chloride to diluted Concord grape juice (DGJ), a material that is attractive to adult D. suzukii. Results Results showed that the addition of borax, sodium chloride and boric acid did not significantly affect the response of adult D. suzukii, relative to DGJ alone. Increases in concentrations (to 5% and 10%) of borax, sodium chloride and boric acid were correlated with decreased ingestion of materials. Mortality of males and females was almost 100% with lower concentrations (1% and 5%) of borax and boric acid within 72 h. The higher concentrations of sodium chloride (5% and 10%) resulted in 100% mortality of both sexes within 72 h. There was no significant effect of chemicals on the number of crop contractions of flies when fed for 4 h. Conclusions This study suggests that some substances such as boric acid and borax may act as toxicants without influencing the behavioral response of D. suzukii.

The primary patency rate of superficial femoral artery (SFA) after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has improved with the use of self-expanding stents. However, occurrence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) still represents a frequent problem. Despite different studies have assessed the role of atherectomy and drug coated balloons (DCBs), no long-term data exist about combined use. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of combined treatment with Jetstream (Boston Scientific Corp., Marlborough, MA, USA) atherectomy and DCB for SFA intrastent restenosis (ISR) at 2-year follow-up.30 patients treated with PTA from November 2018 to September 2019 at Montevergine Clinic (Mercogliano, Avellino, Italy) were included in this analysis. All patients underwent PTA of SFA-ISR with Jetstream Atherectomy System followed by paclitaxel eluting balloon treatment. Patients were evaluated at 30 days, and every 3 months up to 24.Technical and procedural success was achieved in every patient. No in-hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events occurred. No acute and sub-acute(in-hospital) procedure related complications occurred. During follow-up, 1 patient died due to stroke. Primary patency rate at 12 months was 93.4%. Primary patency rate at 24 months was 83.4%. Secondary patency rate at 24 months was 96.7%. One minor amputation, planned before treatment, was performed in the first 30 days.Our data suggest that combined therapy with Rotational Atherectomy and DCBs for SFA-ISR represents a safe and effective procedure with a high rate of primary patency at 2-year follow-up.

In the tumor microenvironment, Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) become activated by cancer cells and increase their secretory activity to produce soluble factors that contribute to tumor cells proliferation, invasion and dissemination to distant organs. The pro-tumorigenic transcription factor STAT3 and its canonical inducer, the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, act conjunctly in a positive feedback loop that maintains high levels of IL-6 secretion and STAT3 activation in both tumor and stromal cells. Here, we demonstrate that STAT3 is essential for the pro-tumorigenic functions of murine breast cancer CAFs both in vitro and in vivo, and identify a STAT3 signature significantly enriched for genes encoding for secreted proteins. Among these, ANGPTL4, MMP13 and STC-1 were functionally validated as STAT3-dependent mediators of CAF pro-tumorigenic functions by different approaches. Both in vitro and in vivo CAFs activities were moreover impaired by MMP13 inhibition, supporting the feasibility of a therapeutic approach based on inhibiting STAT3-induced CAF-secreted proteins. The clinical potential of such an approach is supported by the observation that an equivalent CAF-STAT3 signature in humans is expressed at high levels in breast cancer stromal cells and characterizes patients with a shorter disease specific survival, including those with basal-like disease.

Performing transcatheter aortic valve implantation with high implantation technique, i.e. with an aorto-ventricular ratio 60/40, reduces the need of permanent pacemaker implantation. Valve calcification and prosthesis oversizing are predictors of permanent pacemaker implantation, but there are no available data on their role when transcatheter aortic valve implantation is performed with an aorto-ventricular ratio 60/40. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaflets/annulus calcification and prosthesis oversizing on the incidence of permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with a high implantation technique. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation was performed in 48 patients implanting a balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve with an aorto-ventricular ratio 60/40. Calcium burden was assessed by preprocedural multidetector computed tomography. An invasive electrophysiological study was performed before and after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Five patients (10.4%) needed permanent pacemaker implantation. At univariate analysis, baseline right bundle branch block and postprocedural PR, QRS and His-ventricular interval elongation significantly predicted permanent pacemaker implantation (p 0.05). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed a correlation between transcatheter heart valve oversizing and permanent pacemaker implantation need, with the best cut-off being 17% (AUC = 0.72, p = 0.033). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that QRS complex elongation was related to total, left and non-coronary leaflet calcification (p 0.05). This study demonstrates that, when transcatheter aortic valve implantation is performed using a balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve deployed with an aorto-ventricular ratio 60/40, the presence of leaflets/annulus calcification or the need to oversize the prosthesis correlate with the occurrence of pathological cardiac conduction delays.

Clinical Practice Points • MDS can occur in patients who have a history of prior exposure to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for a previous lymphoma. • MDS can occur with autoimmune disorders not responsive to immunosuppressive treatments. • Cytopenias and immunosuppressive treatments can lead to infections from opportunistic agents. • Mobilizing more cells than the amount needed to be infused could save patients with haematological disease from later cytopenic conditions.

Biodegradable materials based on magnesium alloys have a huge potential for bone fracture fixation devices due to their adequate mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their fast degradation and the consequent liberation of hydrogen gas at the initial stages of implantation is the major limitation for their use. In this study, the AZ91D magnesium alloy was surface treated by an environment-friendly, nontoxic, and low-cost anodizing process and the early in vivo response was studied in a rat transcortical model. Adequate maturation of woven bone around implants-detected at day 7 post implantation-to lamellar bone was observed from day 15. Lamellar bone after 15 and 30 days of implantation presented similar volume, mineralization pattern, mineral to protein content, and estimated bone maturity between anodized AZ91D and polylactic acid (control) implants. Histology observation showed neither release of hydrogen bubbles in the region closed to the anodized AZ91D implant nor systemic effects on liver, kidney, and spleen. Thus, anodizing of AZ91D in the conditions stated here induced an adequate short-term in vivo response, which postulates their use as potential biodegradable fracture fixation devices for bone healing.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 As a result of a pilot study that aimed to add History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) in Chemistry teaching at high school through comics, this paper, aiming at the methodological improvement of a larger research, aims to analyze the adequacy of the data collection instrument and the data analysis process, as well as the potential of a comic designed to carry out a historical-philosophical approach and to provide an improvement in the notions related to chemical elements and the scientific process. Analyzed through Content Analysis, the results obtained through questionnaires indicate that this type of material and approach are capable of improving such notions. However, the study revealed not only the potential of this methodological strategy, but also its limitations, which could be improved in the final research, which includes: greater contextualization of questions and mediation by the researcher, which can be done through conversation circles and participant observation, in addition to reinforcing some ideas throughout the comic. Departamento de Educação Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, SP Departamento de Educação Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, SP

Cannabis preparations could be an effective reconsolidation-based treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. However, the effects of Δ

In the neonatal period, hydro electrolytic disorders with dehydration and metabolic acidosis can cause admission to an intensive care unit and become a diagnostic challenge. Among such disorders, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia become diagnostic challenges with hormonal involvement, including aldosterone. Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) resulting from the lack of response to aldosterone in target cells can be classified into three types and its suspected diagnosis in cases of hyponatremia, hyperkalemia with an elevation of serum aldosterone, can be confirmed by exome sequencing with identification of a potentially pathogenic. This study was based on the case report of a newborn of consanguineous parents who, after birth, evolved in the first week of life with shock, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis. An initial investigation ruled out congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The presence of hyperaldosteronism with increased plasma renin activity, associated with hyperkalemia and hyponatremia difficult to control with electrolyte replacement, led to a molecular investigation that confirmed PHA type 1 by a mutation in the SCCN1A gene. In neonates with severe hyponatremia that is difficult to resolve with conventional treatment and elevation of serum aldosterone, this pathology must be remembered and investigated, avoiding high morbidity and mortality.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease that targets the haemidesmosomal proteins, mainly BP180. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been demonstrated to carry tissue-specific autoantigens in the setting of autoimmune diseases and transplant organ rejection; this phenomenon was demonstrated to have pathogenic implications in autoimmune diseases and to correlate with transplant rejection severity. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of BP targeted autoantigens in blister fluid derived EVs. We isolated, by size exclusion chromatography, EVs derived from blisters of BP-patients and from suction blisters of healthy donors. EV characterization was performed by flow cytometry and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Western blot analysis was used to investigate the presence of autoantigens. A suspension enriched in EVs was efficiently obtained from blister fluid from patients and healthy donors. EV-enriched fractions were enriched in particles with a size distribution characterizing small-EVs (main peak was present at 94.5nm). BP180 was found, by western blot analysis, in EVs derived from blister fluid of 3 out 6 BP patients and in none of EVs isolated from suction blister fluid of healthy donors. BP230 and Dsg1 were not detectable in EVs of any of the samples. No specific clinical characteristics seemed to correlate to the presence of BP180 in EVs. The discovery of BP180, the most important autoantigen targeted in BP, in EVs derived from blister fluid represent a milestone in the understanding of BP pathogenesis.

Numerous studies have suggested that tools become incorporated into a representation of our body. A prominent hypothesis suggests that our brain re-uses body-based computations when we use tools. However, little is known about how this is implemented at the neural level. Here we used the ability to localize touch on both tools and body parts as a case study to fill this gap. Neural oscillations in the alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (15-25 Hz) frequency bands are involved in mapping touch on the body in distinct reference frames. Alpha activity reflects the mapping of touch in external coordinates, whereas beta activity reflects the mapping of touch in skin-centered coordinates. Here, we aimed at pinpointing the role of these oscillations during tool-extended sensing. We recorded participants’ oscillatory activity while tactile stimuli were applied to either hands or the tips of hand-held rods. The posture of the hands/tool-tips was uncrossed or crossed at participants’ body midline in order for us to disentangle brain responses related to different coordinate systems. We found that alpha-band activity was modulated similarly across postures when localizing touch on hands and on tools, reflecting the position of touch in external space. Source reconstruction also indicated a similar network of cortical regions involved for tools and hands. Our findings strongly suggest that the brain uses similar oscillatory mechanisms for mapping touch on the body and tools, supporting the idea of neural processes being repurposed for tool-use.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTool use is one of the defining traits of humankind. Tools allow us to explore our environment and expand our sensorimotor abilities. A prominent hypothesis suggests that our brain re-uses body-based neural processing to swiftly adapt to the use of tools. However, little is known about how this is implemented at the neural level. In the present study we used the ability to map touch on both tools and body parts as a case study to fill this gap. We found that the brain uses similar oscillatory mechanisms for mapping touch on a hand-held tool and on the body. These results provide novel and compelling support to the idea that neural processes devoted to body-related information are re-purposed for tool-use.