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The advocates of the efficient market hypothesis recommend buying the market index for the long run, the implication for the Portuguese investors are to buy the PSI-20 index and hold it for at least 15 years. In this paper, we compare two other strategies for PSI-20 over the period 1999 to 2020. The first strategy is based on moving average trading rules and the second strategy, Gold Momentum Strategy (GMS), is based on switching between gold and PSI-20 based on semi-annual performance. Our findings suggest that the moving average trading rules beat the buy and hold strategy by more than 10% per year over the entire period and each sub-period considering both risk and transaction costs. For the second strategy, GMS which is based on comparing the performance of the PSI-20 and the gold index on semi-annual basis and go with the best of two for the next 6 months, we find similar results as the moving average trading rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue that the science of the soul only covers sublunary living things. Aristotle cannot properly ascribe ψυχή to unmoved movers since they do not have any capacities that are distinct from their activities or any matter to be structured. Heavenly bodies do not have souls in the way that mortal living things do, because their matter is not subject to alteration or generation. These beings do not fit into the hierarchy of soul powers that Aristotle relies on to provide unity to ψυχή. Their living consists in their activities, not in having a capacity for activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-modality matching refers to the problem of comparing similarity/dissimilarity of a pair of data points of different modalities, such as an image and a text. Deep neural networks have been popular to represent data points of different modalities due to their ability to extract effective features. However, existing works use simple distance metrics to compare the deep features of multiple modalities, which do not fit the nature of cross-modality matching, because it imposes the features of different modalities to be of the same dimension and do not allow cross-feature matching. To solve this problem, we propose to use convolutional neural network (CNN) models with soft-max activation layer to represent a pair of different-modality data points to two histograms (not necessarily of the same dimensions) and compare their dissimilarity by using earth mover's distance (EMD). The EMD can match the features extracted by the two CNN models of different modalities freely. Moreover, we develop a joint learning framework to learn the CNN parameters specifically for the EMD-driven comparison, supervised by the relevance/irrelevance labels of the data pairs of different modalities. The experiments over applications such as image–text retrieval, and malware detection show its advantage over existing cross-modality matching methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates whether the recent rise in tariffs on goods produced in China will lead processing trade manufacturing plants now located in China to delocate to the U.S. By using a hypothetical extraction method and examining the global value chains of income, we compare the factor payments in the Chinese and U.S. manufacturing sectors. Our estimates indicate that the average tariff rate necessary to move the processing trade firms is 48.15%, i.e. well above the current 25% rate. However, the average tariff rate needed for shifting China's processing plants to Mexico decease to 20.32%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Specific scope: The purpose of the EPPO Standard on Ulmus is to recommend to EPPO Member Governments the phytosanitary measures that they should use or require for Ulmus plants and plant products moving in international trade to prevent the introduction and spread of quarantine pests. Some of these recommendations are addressed to all EPPO Member Governments, others are addressed only to countries considered to face a certain level of risk from the introduction and spread of the regulated pests concerned. All these recommendations were derived from: EPPO Standards PM 1/2 (EPPO A1 and A2 lists) and the former EPPO Standards PM 2 (pest‐specific phytosanitary measures), orPest Risk Analysis carried out or reviewed by EPPO, orthe Working Party on Phytosanitary Regulations. For wood packaging material, recommendations are based on ISPM 15 Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade. Specific approval and amendment: First approved in 2019–09 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to show that the product proliferation strategy in multi‐product duopoly is first‐mover advantage. We consider simultaneous and Stackelberg variety competitions. A firm producing more varieties charges a higher price, produces larger total quantities, and earns higher total revenue. When firms sequentially choose the masses of varieties and then simultaneously decide prices, the leader produces more varieties and enjoys first‐mover advantage. The masses of varieties can be regarded as strategic substitutes in the same way that quantities are. Finally, the market is likely to provide too few varieties relative to the social optimum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As European citizens residing in the United Kingdom, French nationals enjoy rights of free movement and settlement in their host country, which enables and eases life across borders. In addition to minimal migratory restrictions offered by the European Union to its citizens, the majority of French nationals living in the United Kingdom have a positive and privileged experience as 'movers', feeling welcome and valued in their country of residence. The onset of the Brexit process poses a threat to the rights of free movements for EU citizens and marks the advent of an 'openly admitted' anti-migration climate in the United Kingdom; both have direct implications for movers to the United Kingdom. Based on a series of participant observations and semi-structured interviews, this article explores the reactions, responses and strategies displayed and formulated by French movers in the wake of the Brexit process. This paper participates to the exploration of the complex interactions between the global and the local, the political and the personal. The present study endeavoured to question the meaning of the concept of resilience and the realities it assumes for this once relatively privileged group of movers confronted to sudden and unexpected political change threatening their cross-border lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article shows that Thomas Aquinas in many of his works (De ente et essentia, Summa theologiae, Sententia in Aristotelis Metaphysicam) interprets the passage Aristot. Metaph. II 1, 993 19‑31, as expounding a theory of degrees of truth and of being, which is not the true Aristotelian doctrine. This is due to the fact that he interprets «the eternal things», mentioned by Aristotle in that passage, as the heavenly bodies, and their principles as the unmoved movers, while Aristotle is speaking of the eternal truths, i.e. the truths of scientific knowledge, and of their principles, which are the axioms. The origin of Thomas’ interpretation is the commentary by Alexander of Aphrodisias, which Thomas knew via Averroes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Information Technology (IT) industry in India, is one of the major contributors to the country's growth story. It is organized in a few strong and dominant clusters across the country. Recent research focuses on the emergence, growth and success of the seven big IT clusters that account for 96.55 of total software exports from the country. Unlike the six successful late mover clusters, there are several other late mover IT clusters that have not experienced similar growth. Why do some of the late mover IT clusters in India succeed while others fail to take off despite favorable economic conditions? This paper applies a case study method to answer this research question by examining a single cluster, using both primary and secondary data. The paper concludes with a new framework to explain how an IT cluster lacks the motivation to succeed when it has to gain traction alongside the competing dynamics of traditional businesses. We find this to be the case more so when traditional businesses are thriving and growing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues that "first movers" and the bandwagoning effect they trigger can undermine the dynamics that perpetuate civil war and enable a multiparty cease-fire agreement. It looks at the unprecedented "nationwide" cease-fire in Myanmar reached between the government and several ethnic armed organizations in 2015. It shows that democratization and unilateral concessions by the Myanmar government were instrumental in overcoming the commitment problem and provided the necessary incentives for "first movers" to set the stage for a broad cease-fire agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to design a new kind of questionnaire to be applied in the Knowledge Management audit. For illustration purpose, we analyse the knowledge management audit in a grain storage and conservation company. This proposal is based on 18 well-known questionnaires to audit knowledge management. We recommend using neutrosophic Iadov to process the obtained answers. Neutrosophy is combined with Iadov technique to model uncertainty and indeterminacy which characterize the possible answers given by the interviewed persons, as well as to evaluate according to a linguistic scale. Our contribution is that we propose a more generic questionnaire on knowledge management audit which can process indeterminate information and knowledge, and additionally we confirm it with one case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neural spike train analysis methods are mainly used for understanding the temporal aspects of neural information processing. One approach is to measure the dissimilarity between the spike trains of a pair of neurons, often referred to as the spike train distance. The spike train distance has been often used to classify neuronal units with similar temporal patterns. Several methods to compute spike train distance have been developed so far. Intuitively, a desirable distance should be the shortest length between two objects. The Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) can compute spike train distance by measuring the shortest length between two spike trains via shifting a fraction of spikes from one spike train to another. The EMD could accurately measure spike timing differences, temporal similarity, and spikes time synchrony. It is also robust to firing rate changes. Victor and Purpura (1996) distance measures the minimum cost between two spike trains. Although it also measures the shortest path between spike trains, its output can vary with the time-scale parameter. In contrast, the EMD measures distance in a unique way by calculating the genuine shortest length between spike trains. The EMD also outperforms other existing spike train distance methods in measuring various aspects of the temporal characteristics of spike trains and in robustness to firing rate changes. The EMD can effectively measure the shortest length between spike trains without being considerably affected by the overall firing rate difference between them. Hence, it is suitable for pure temporal coding exclusively, which is a predominant premise underlying the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights recent appointments and developments in the biopharmaceutical industry, including leadership changes at Cellular Origins, Corteria Pharmaceuticals, Scorpion Therapeutics, CatalYm, the American Cleaning Institute, TORL Biotherapeutics, Evotec, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Syensqo, Calidi Biotherapeutics, Pharmatech Associates, the Personal Care Products Council, ASTM International and BenevolentAI.

We consider two natural statistics on pairs of histograms, in which the n bins have weights 0 , ... , n − 1. The signed difference (D) between the weighted totals of the histograms is, in a sense, refined by the earth mover's distance (EMD), which measures the amount of work required to equalize the histograms. We were recently surprised, however, by how little the EMD actually does refine D in certain real-world applications, which led to the main problem in this paper: what is the probability that EMD = | D | ? We derive a formula for this probability, as well as the expected value of | D | , via the combinatorics of Young diagrams and plane partitions. We then generalize our results to an arbitrary number of histograms, where we realize the higher-dimensional analogue | D | as distance on the Type-A root lattice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic levitated planar motors are widely employed in flexible manufacturing and photolithography due to their characteristics of high precision, high acceleration, and low maintenance. In this paper, a novel predictor-based model predictive control is proposed to improve the tracking performance of a maglev planar motor which consists of a 2D Halbach array mover and stationary square coils. A Kalman filter and finite spectrum assignment based on an augmented system model are employed to forecast mover's location by compensating for the system delay due to data transmission and processing. The predicted location is fed back to model predictive control for control optimization under the limit of coil currents. Hildreth's quadratic algorithm is then applied to solve for the optimal control effort within the constraints. Comparative experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, the total tracking error of which is much smaller than the result of a proportional–integral–derivative controller and standard model predictive control in all tests. Additionally, experimental results show that the proposed predictor-based model predictive control can tolerate higher speeds of the mover while retaining mover's steadiness. The experimental results suggest the proposed predictor-based model predictive control is an effective path-tracking strategy for magnetic levitated planar motors subject to delays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, titled "Hidden Invaders: How the Live Bait Trade Can Move Invasive Species," discusses the potential risks associated with the live bait trade and the introduction of invasive species. The article focuses on the example of the Silver Carp, an invasive fish that was introduced to the United States in the 1970s. The Silver Carp has since spread into the Mississippi River and associated rivers, where it can compete with native fish species and pose a physical threat to boaters. The article highlights the role of bait shops in potentially spreading invasive species, as baitfish can carry genetic material that can be detected in water samples. The article emphasizes the importance of education and prevention to mitigate the spread of invasive species through the release of live baitfish. [Extracted from the article]

The article announces several personnel changes, including Neil Rumbelow's appointment as Director of Product Development at CN Bio, Erik Ripple becoming the President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NatureWorks, and Gilda Gasparini taking on the role of Director of Programmes at Lucideon.