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Nowadays, electric vehicles have a considerable effect on the electrical system, thus their analysis based on different electric vehicle integration approaches is necessary. This paper exhibits four case studies for electric vehicles with the grid to exhibit their influence on the electrical network and reduce power loss and voltage fluctuation. Furthermore, the growing load demand matters, management and support of active and reactive power, and load balancing are discussed. Fuzzy logic control is applied to estimate the process of the charging/discharging. Moreover, a controlled superconducting magnetic energy storage system is utilized for the power grid which integrates with electric vehicles to the level of load demand during on-peak load and fast charging. A coordinated control between electric vehicles and superconducting magnetic energy storage unit is applied to level the power required by electric vehicles and improve the power system performance. Electricity price is a common coordination signal for both electric vehicles and superconducting magnetic energy storage, which depends on fuzzy control. The simulation results implemented by the Matlab Simulink tool show the effectiveness of the coordination control technique and superconducting magnetic energy storage in minimizing power loss and voltage fluctuation. Besides that, it helps to alleviate the active power and reduce the reactive power provided by the grid.

Breast cancer keeps on being a major medical problem among women around the world. Early detection of breast cancer can expand the treatment options and consequently would increase the surviving possibilities for patients. In this paper, a new Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is proposed for breast cancer diagnosis in digital mammography. An improved technique for feature extraction based on Wavelet-Based Contourlet Transform (WBCT) is investigated to obtain the features of the Region of Interest (ROI), allowing for accuracy improvement over other standard approaches. Aiming to reduce the features dimensions, we have proposed a hybrid feature selection approach in which the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) are combined along with the Mutual Information (MI) in order to select the best combination of tumor indicators, with maximal discriminative ability. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is also investigated instead of GA for performance evaluation of both methods. The selected features are then submitted to the kernel SVM classifier and its performance is compared with the traditional machine learning classification techniques. The diagnosis accuracy of the implemented CAD system is demonstrated by investigating several experimental datasets and comparing the results with other diagnosis approaches. The results show that the proposed CAD system (WBCT + GA-SVM-MI + kernel SVM) is superior over other techniques in terms of the classification accuracy (97.5% for normal-abnormal and 96% for benign-malignant), while keeping the computational requirements as low as possible.

There is a great risk of infection with viral-vaccine-preventable diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) infections after the end of chemotherapy treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which could have been prevented with MMR vaccination. Previous studies reported widely variable rates of seropositivity (seroprotection) for MMR after ALL treatment ends. Also, few studies evaluated the response to MMR booster vaccinations after the end of ALL treatment and reported unclear and difficult to interpret results.This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of seropositive (protection) antibody titer levels for MMR among ALL childhood survivors who were followed-up at Jeddah Oncology Center, Saudi Arabia. The aim of the study was also to investigate and analyze the response of seronegative patients to a booster MMR vaccination.Fifty-seven ALL children were evaluated. Thirty-five patients (61.4%) were seropositive/seroprotected and the remaining 22 patients (38.6%) were seronegative for MMR. ALL Children under the age of 5 years had a higher prevalence of seronegative titers. Interestingly, the prevalence of seroprotection decreased as the time interval increased post-treatment, while seroconversion rates after administering a booster MMR vaccine were 57.1%, 87.5%, and 78.6%, respectively for MMR.We suggest the need for booster MMR vaccination, especially for ALL children under the age of 5 years and those who experienced a protracted time interval post-treatment.

Emotion recognition is a crucial problem in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Various techniques were applied to enhance the robustness of the emotion recognition systems using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals especially the problem of spatiotemporal features learning. In this paper, a novel EEG-based emotion recognition approach is proposed. In this approach, the use of the 3-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (3D-CNN) is investigated using a multi-channel EEG data for emotion recognition. A data augmentation phase is developed to enhance the performance of the proposed 3D-CNN approach. And, a 3D data representation is formulated from the multi-channel EEG signals, which is used as data input for the proposed 3D-CNN model. Extensive experimental works are conducted using the DEAP (Dataset of Emotion Analysis using the EEG and Physiological and Video Signals) data. It is found that the proposed method is able to achieve recognition accuracies 87.44% and 88.49% for valence and arousal classes respectively, which is outperforming the state of the art methods.

The Egyptian fauna of the asilid genus Stichopogon Loew is revised. Nine species are recognized including two new records, Stichopogon deserti Theodor, 1980 and S. scaliger Loew, 1847. A key to species, lists of material examined and their distribution are included. The occurrence of S. maroccanus in Egypt is discussed and clarified.

Phenoloxidase (PO) is a key factor in insect immunity. On invasion of microorganisms and pathogens, prophenoloxidase (PPO) changes to its active form, PO. The present study has been conducted to purify and characterize the PO from the haemolymph of desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) following activation of immune system by invasion of bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Bt). PO is purified by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, blue sepharose CL-6B and phenyl sepharose CL-4B chromatography yielded a 209.97-fold purity and 54.75% recovery of activity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) reveals that the molecular weight of the purified PO is 70.154 kDa. The purified PO is characterized in terms of its biochemical and enzymatic properties by using L-DOPA as a specific substrate. Ca2+ and Cu2+ significantly stimulated PO activity when compared with other metals. The PO reaction was strongly inhibited by phenylthiourea and thiourea, moderately inhibited by ethylene diamine tetractic acid (EDTA) and poorly inhibited by ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and diethyl dithiocarbamate (DTC). Inhibition of PO showed excellent recovery ability by addition of Ca2+ on EGTA-inhibited enzyme. Therefore, PO is most probably a kind of tyrosinase-type Ca2+-containing metalloenzyme. The content of Ca2+ is higher than other trace metal elements. The reactive intermediates yielded by PO with its specific substrate L-DOPA had a broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against Gram +ve bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) with a greater degree more than Gram-ve bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). From the present study, PO from S. gregaria is most probably a tyrosinase-type calcium-containing mono-phenoloxidase, which functions not only as a catalytic enzyme in melanin production in locusts, but perhaps also as a humoral factor in host defense via melaninization as in other insects. Key words: Schistocerca gregaria, phenoloxidase, purification.

Different techniques were adopted for molecular characterization of several indigenous strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) previously isolated from Egyptian soil samples. These isolates show different toxicity levels against neonate larvae of both insect species; Spodoptera littoralis (Biosduval); and Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner). The parasporal crystals among the most potent isolates contained polypeptides of about 127 and 130 kDa. PCR screening for genes encoding different Cry genes was performed. The Cry 1 gene is the most abundant in these isolates (83.33%) among tested Cry-type genes, followed by Cry 1 gene subfamilies (Cry 1B and Cry 1C) with percentage of 38.88% and 77.77%, respectively. The tested isolates showed the presence of Cry 2A(a,b) gene, but not all of these isolates were positive for Cry 2 gene (55.55%). Only 27.77% and 16.66% of the tested isolates harbor Cry 4 and Cry 3 genes, respectively. All strains were negative in PCR assays for the Vip 3Aa1 gene. Moreover, DNA fingerprinting using RAPD-PCR was performed to detect the genetic similarities and dissimilarities among the different isolates and standard strains. Assessment of Bt diversity based on the combined analysis of their protein and RAPD-PCR banding patterns was performed. This study demonstrates that Bt strains isolated from Egyptian soil samples can be distinguished and identified on the basis of the distribution of Cry-type genes and RAPD fingerprints.

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional in vivo study was to assess the effect of green tea and honey solutions on the level of salivary Streptococcus mutans. Study design: A convenient sample of 30 Saudi boys aged 7–10 years were randomly assigned into 2 groups of 15 each. Saliva sample was collected for analysis of level of S. mutans before rinsing. Commercial honey and green tea were prepared for use and each child was asked to rinse for two minutes using 10 mL of the prepared honey or green tea solutions according to their group. Saliva samples were collected again after rinsing. The collected saliva samples were prepared and colony forming unit (CFU) of S. mutans per mL of saliva was calculated. Results: The mean number of S. mutans before and after rinsing with honey and green tea solutions were 2.28* 108(2.622*108), 5.64 *107(1.03*108), 1.17*109(2.012*109) and 2.59*108 (3.668*108) respectively. A statistically significant reduction in the average number of S. mutans at baseline and post intervention in the children who were assigned to the honey (P=0.001) and green tea (P=0.001) groups was found. Conclusions: A single time mouth rinsing with honey and green tea solutions for two minutes effectively reduced the number of salivary S. mutans of 7–10 years old boys.

Inactivated tissue culture adapted Rift Valley Fever (RVF) Virus vaccines were prepared usingMontanide oil ISA 201 VG and aluminum hydroxide gel as adjuvants. The prepared vaccines weresterile and safe inducing no systemic or local clinical signs in sheep. Comparative evaluation ofexperimentally prepared vaccines in sheep after a single dose indicated that the oily prepared vaccinesstimulated the humeral immune response as estimated by SNT and ELISA compared with aluminumhydroxide gel vaccine. Protective serum antibody titers against in Montanide oil ISA 201 VGadjuvenated RVF vaccine appeared in protective level at 1st week post vaccination and aluminumhydroxide gel adjuvenated RVF vaccine at 2nd week. This protective titer persisted till 12th month inthe new oily vaccine and till the 6th month for Aluminum hydroxide gel vaccine. Both of SNT andELISA indicated that among the used adjuvant Montanide oil ISA 201 VG was preferable

The histopathological effects of the spore-crystal complex of indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolate, as well as Cry 2Ab gene expressed in transgenic tomato plants on the midgut of 4th instar larva of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidea) has been investigated using the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Remarkable ultrastructural changes were observed in the columnar and goblet cells of the larval midgut after feeding on either transgenic tomato leaves, or spore-crystal complex of Bt. The effects observed included breakdown of microvilli of epithelial cells, increase in the electron density of the cytoplasm and vacuolation associated with different sizes of lysosomes; interruption of the goblet cells and distorted goblet cavities which lost their cytoplasmic projections; destruction of the mitochondria which lost their cristae; degeneration of the endoplasmic reticulum; collapse of the nucleus associated with rupture of nuclear envelope and clumped chromatin. Feeding the larvae on transgenic Bt-tomato plants caused in addition to the aforementioned changes severe vacuolation and degeneration of the nucleus in both columnar and goblet cells and the nuclear membrane was broken into electron dense ring spheres.

Since Antiquity, women who expulse a large quantity of liquid during sexual stimulation have remained a mystery. This phenomena is usually called "squirting". Many physicians have proposed different explications, however, there are very few scientific publications and their conclusions are discordant. Today, squirting is fashionable in the media, and some recent studies have brought new information. Through medical publications, we present the conclusions concerning the origin and the nature of squirting, the psychological experience of these squirting women and the feelings of their partners.

A Bloch Sphere-based Emotion Space (BSES), where two angles φ and θ in the Bloch sphere represent the emotion (such as happiness, surprise, anger, sadness, expectation, or relaxation in [0, 2π)) and its intensity (from neutral to maximum in [0, π]), respectively, is proposed. It exploits the psychological interpretation of color to assign a basic color to each emotion subspace such that the BSES can be visualized, and by using quantum gates, changes in emotions can be tracked and recovered. In an experimental validation, two typical human emotions, happiness and sadness, are analyzed and visualized using the BSES according to a preset emotional transmission model. A transition matrix that tracks emotional change can be used to control robots allowing them to adapt and respond to human emotions.

Mobile Computing (MC) provides multi services and a lot of advantages for millions of users across the world over the internet. Millions of business customers have leveraged cloud computing services through mobile devices to get what is called Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). MCC aims at using cloud computing techniques for storage and processing of data on mobile devices, thereby reducing their limitations. This paper proposes architecture for a Swarm Intelligence Based Mobile Cloud Computing Model (SIBMCCM). A model that uses a proposed Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization (PPSO) algorithm to enhance the access time for the mobile cloud computing services which support different E Commerce models and to better secure the communication through the mobile cloud and the mobile commerce transactions.

This study aims to search for indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains from the soils of different locations representing 11 Egyptian governorates. A total of 2671 colonies from 93 soil samples were examined. The total number of Bt positive soil samples was 40/93 i.e. 43.01%. The results indicate that the percentage of the occurrence of Bt in these samples was 3.818%. The Egyptian soil showed to be rich in Bt. The evaluation of the potential activity of 40 positive soil isolates against Spodoptera littoralis and Helicoverpa (=Heliothis) armigera was carried out. Subsequently, LC50 and LC90 values and the potency of the Bt isolates were determined when applied against the target insects with reference to three standard preparations.

Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of different denture cleansers and distilled water on surface roughness of self- and heat-polymerized acrylic denture base materials.Materials and methods:Specimens were prepared from self- and heat-polymerized acrylic resin denture base materials and distributed into different groups of 15 each. Specimens of each group were immersed in distilled water as control and in three different denture cleansers according to the manufacturer's instructions and immersion was repeated 7 times over 7 days. The reading of surface roughness was recorded for all the specimens using a 3D optical noncontact surface profiler based on noncontact scanning interferometry to evaluate roughness.Results:No significant difference was found in the average surface roughness of heat-polymerized resins after immersion in denture cleansers (P>0.05). One-way ANOVA revealed significant difference in self-polymerized acrylic resin base material among different cleansers. Tukey Post Hoc test for multiple comparison showed that the mean of surface roughness of self-polymerized resin base immersed in Corega was significantly greater than the control group (P = 0.007). Significant difference was noticed in the interaction between the materials and the solutions (P=0.027). Self-polymerized resins immersed in distilled water had a significant decrease in surface roughness compared with the heat-polymerized resins (P

Lip wound following traumatic crown fractures may be repaired without examining lacerated soft tissue leading to failure to detect the tooth fragments. It is critical that every attempt should be made to locate the missing tooth structure before the wound is closed. This case report presents a child with fractured crowns of central and lateral incisors in which the fragments were embedded in the lower lip and went unnoticed for eleven months until the child presented for dental care. The otolaryngologist in the emergency department of a hospital failed to notice the presence of the tooth fragments in the lower lip which, highlighting the significance of soft tissue examination even in late presentation of trauma cases. The existence of crown fractures and lacerated lip should alert the clinician to their potential loss in the lacerated wound and therefore careful examination before closure using radiographs if necessary

The objective of this study was to compare the retention and caries-preventive effect of glass ionomer (Fuji Triage) and resin-based (Clinpro) sealants among 6-9-year-old children. This split-mouth, randomized clinical trial covered 35 children/140 fully erupted permanent first molars. Evaluation was conducted by two independent examiners after 6, 12, and 18 months and the data were compared in relation to the children's caries risk and age groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival method and chi-square test were used for analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in the survival of partial and fully retained sealants or in the survival of caries-free pits and fissures between glass-ionomer and resin-based sealants. In terms of retention, both sealants performed better in the younger age group at the end of the study, and showed better caries prevention in moderate caries risk children. After 18 months, both sealants had comparable retention and caries-preventive effects in 6-9-year old children.

Background: E. coli infection is considered as an important bacterial problem associated with significant economic losses and usually associated with a variety of disease conditions, including acute septicaemia, haemorrhagic enteritis, pericariditis, salpingitis and complicated air saculitis. These considerations suggest that control of E. coli by vaccination could be of great value especially live vaccine that based on defined mutations that impair and non-revering virulence. Material and Methods: Wild type O78 strain, Live O78 aroA gene deleted vaccine and Live O78 crp gene deleted vaccine were used to accomplish this study. Phenotypic characterization was adopted by studying the cultural, biochemical and serological properties. Also genotypic characterization was studied for 16S rRNA , aroA and crp genes. Results: Growth pattern on different media differed among the used strains as the wild type and Δ aroA mutant were nearly similar while the Δ crp mutant strain was greatly differed. Biochemically the difference between the wild-type and Δ aroA mutant was inability of mutant strain to produce arginine dihydrase (ADH) and fermentation of saccharose. On the other hand the Δ crp mutant failed to produce ADH and to ferment any of the carbohydrates except glucose. A successful amplification of the 16S rRNA gene at 585 bp was detected with the all tested strains while was 1206 bp with only wild type and Δ crp mutant strain when aroA gene primers were used. Regarding crp genes, the amplified products was at 1029 bp with the wild and Δ aroA mutant but not with Δ crp mutant strains. Conclusion: Findings of this study prove the use of methods based on molecular techniques like PCR to differentiate between different types of E. coli either wild or vaccinal mutant type strains. Also it may help in exclusion or proving the return back to virulence of the mutant vaccinal strains.

We investigated the association of the Osteopontin (OPN) (rs9138 and rs1126616) polymorphisms with colorectal cancer (CRC). One hundred CRC patients and 112 healthy individuals were subjected to OPN (rs9138 and rs1126616) genotyping and measurement of OPN protein plasma level. The C allele of OPN rs1126616 and the CC haplotype were significantly higher in CRC patient (p = 0.036, 0.003, respectively). In females, the C allele of OPN rs9318 (A/C) polymorphism was significantly associated with increased CRC risk (p = 0.036). The plasma OPN level >104.35 ng/mL was significantly associated with CRC. Our findings suggest a significant role played by OPN (rs9138 and rs1126616) in colorectal carcinogenesis.

A search for dark matter particles is performed using events with large missing transverse momentum, at least one energetic jet, and no leptons, in proton-proton collisions at root S = 13TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 fb(-1). The search includes events with jets from the hadronic decays of a W or Z boson. The data are found to be in agreement with the predicted background contributions from standard model processes. The results are presented in terms of simpli fi ed models in which dark matter particles are produced through interactions involving a vector, axial-vector, scalar, or pseudoscalar mediator. Vector and axial-vector mediator particles with masses up to 1.95TeV, and scalar and pseudoscalar mediator particles with masses up to 100 and 430 GeV respectively, are excluded at 95% con fi dence level. The results are also interpreted in terms of the invisible decays of the Higgs boson, yielding an observed (expected) 95% con fi dence level upper limit of 0.44 (0.56) on the corresponding branching fraction. The results of this search provide the strongest constraints on the dark matter pair production cross section through vector and axial-vector mediators at a particle collider. When compared to the direct detection experiments, the limits obtained from this search provide stronger constraints for dark matter masses less than 5, 9, and 550 GeV, assuming vector, scalar, and axial-vector mediators, respectively. The search yields stronger constraints for dark matter masses less than 200 GeV, assuming a pseudoscalar mediator, when compared to the indirect detection results from Fermi-LAT.

Carvedilol is a novel β-adrenoreceptor blocker, with antioxidant properties inhibiting lipid peroxidation and preventing the depletion of endogenous antioxidants. Moreover, carvedilol was reported to enhance the expression of Bcl-2 gene, which has antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. There are few researches testing the protective effect of carvedilol on the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and nephropathy. In this study, we induced diabetes mellitus in male Wistar albino rats. We investigated carvedilol, as well as vitamin E, administrated in healthy and diabetic rats for 6 weeks to compare their effects on biochemical parameters and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in both myocardial and renal tissues by immunohistochemistry. The study showed that the diabetic rats not only had renal dysfunction and more myocardial damage, but also showed lower expression of Bcl-2 protein. Carvedilol and vitamin E treatments were associated with better renal function and less myocardial damage, lower blood glucose, and lipid peroxidation, higher antioxidant capacity, better serum lipids, and higher expression of Bcl-2 protein in diabetic rats. These results indicate that carvedilol and vitamin E treatments partly protect against myocardial and renal damage probably via their antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties in diabetic rats.

A total of 560 various raw milk samples were collected from different dairy farms to examine the presence of L.monocytogenes. These isolates were further characterized by biochemical tests and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). L.monocytogenes was isolated in 72 of the 560 samples (12.9%). Based on PCR, All the examined L.monocytogenes were positive for Listeriolysin O gene (hly A) and P60 (iap).The findings of this study show that consumption of raw milk could be a potential risk of human listeriosis.

recognition of disorder people is a difficult task due to the lack of motor-control of the speech articulators. Multimodal speech recognition can be used to enhance the robustness of disordered speech. This paper introduces an automatic speech recognition system for people with dysarthria speech disorder based on both speech and visual components. The Mel-Frequency Cepestral Coefficients (MFCC) is used as features representing the acoustic speech signal. For the visual counterpart, the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) Coefficients are extracted from the speaker's mouth region. Face and mouth regions are detected using the Viola-Jones algorithm. The acoustic and visual input features are then concatenated on one feature vector. Then, the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) classifier is applied on the combined feature vector of acoustic and visual components. The system is tested on isolated English words spoken by disorder speakers from UA-Speech data. Results of the proposed system indicate that visual features are highly effective and can improve the accuracy to reach 7.91% for speaker dependent experiments and 3% for speaker independent experiments.

Article History A reliable procedure for early detection of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae (P. l. larvae), the causal agent of American Foulbrood disease (AFB) of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subspecies - specific KAT primers. A PCR amplicon of the expected size 550 bp only found in P. l. larvae strains was used for positive AFB. This PCR assay provides a specific detection for P. l. larvae from week 1 post infection even if there is no clinical symptoms appeared in a colony. The technique can be directly used to detect presence or absence of P. l. larvae spores in honeybee samples and contaminated honeys.

A scheme is proposed to hide data in images based on a prioritized ordering of the content of the host (or cover) image. A watermark embedding process uses the watermark strength to determine the ordering of the 16 regions resulting from the second level Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) decomposed content of the host image. To determine the best ordering for hiding the data, various types of image of varying content and, hence, visual complexity were considered, analyzed and ranked in terms of their ability to withstand changes that do not imperil the visual quality (PSNR) of their watermarked versions depending on which an N×N-sized watermark stream is hidden in the 8 highest ranked sub-bands of the host image. From this perspective, an ordering for images classified as simple, normal and complex images was used to determine a generalized ordering of the DWT decomposed sub-bands of the image. The generalized ordering presented here ascertains that the content of the image and its visual complexity had little effect on an earlier proposed prioritized ordering of the DWT Sub-bands. To validate the veracity of the ordering scheme, 1000 images from the Corel 1000A database, their visual complexity and features were taken into account. The results confirmed that high embedding capacity, appreciable visual quality of watermarked images and complete recovery hidden data are realizable based on the ordering scheme proposed in this study.

A numerical study is presented to investigate the threshold intensity dependence on the gas pressure in the breakdown of molecular oxygen induced by CO2 laser radiation with a wavelength of 10.591 μm and a pulse FWHM of 64 ns [Camacho et al., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 105201 (2008)]. This experiment allowed for a new method of providing an adequate density of the seed electrons required to ignite the breakdown mechanism. The investigations are based on a modification of a previously developed model [Gamal and Omar, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 62(5), 361–370 (2001)], which solves a differential equation and designates the time evolution of the electron energy distribution numerically and a set of rate equations that describe the change of the excited state population. The model considered inverse bremsstrahlung absorption as the main electron energy gain process leading to oxygen breakdown. As an interesting finding, in comparing the calculated and measured thresholds as a function of gas pressure, computations could precisely reveal the densities of the created seed electrons at each value of the tested pressures. The unsystematic variation of these densities with the gas pressure clarified the origin of the slight oscillations observed in the measured thresholds. Analyzing the electron energy distribution function and its parameters in three gas pressure regions could determine the correlation between the gas pressure and the electron gain and loss processes responsible for oxygen breakdown. This analysis explained the violation from the simple p−1 law observed experimentally in the relation between threshold intensity and gas pressure.

The experiment designed to study the influences of nutritional eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids (FA) on performance, egg yolk fat characteristics and FA profile in laying hens. From 30 to 36 weeks of age, 180 laying hens were allotted randomly to 2 dietary treatments, each of 6 replicates (15 birds for each replicate). The control diet was supplied with soy oil while the experimental diet was supplied with EPA and DHA to create 2 different ratio of n-6 to n-3 FA (18.8:1 and 5:1, respectively). The egg production % was recorded daily. The eggs were weighed to estimate egg mass. Also, feed consumption was recorded daily and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was estimated. The FA profile of egg yolk was determined in the last week of the experiment. The dietary EPA and DHA resulted in significantly higher egg production (76.89 versus 67.23%), weightier egg mass (42.46 versus 37. 72 g) and lower FCR (2.49 versus 2.72) than the control. Also, supplying the dietary EPA and DHA was reflected in increasing of total polyunsaturated and n-3 FA in the eggs. Moreover, reducing the ratio of n-6 to n-3 FA to 5:1 decreased egg triglycerides, total cholesterol and cholesterol associated with low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein. In conclusion, supplying EPA and DHA in the diet of laying hens positively influences performance, egg yolk FA profile and cholesterol. Practically, EPA and DHA could be used in laying hen diets to improve their performance and enhance public health of egg consumers.

Cellulose-producing bacteria were isolated from different sources as rotten fruits, rotten vegetables and soil samples. The most efficient cellulose-producing bacteria was isolated from rotten local apple and identified as Komagataeibacter hansenii (MH1) by biochemical, morphological and 16S rRNA testes. Different media for bacterial cellulose (BC) production were tested and the most efficient one was glucose ethanol acetic acid medium (GAM medium). Optimization of nutritional and environmental conditions for bacterial cellulose production were studied. The best conditions for bacterial cellulose biosynthesis by Komagataeibacter hansenii (MH1) were 20 g/l sucrose, 10 g/l peptone, 4 ml/l acetic acid, 7ml/l ethanol at 30°C, pH 3.46 for 15 days under static culture with 5.86 g/l bacterial cellulose production. The isolated strain Komagataeibacter hansenii (MH1) was found to produce cellulose on low cost raw material begasse as it can use it as carbon source with 1.71 g/l dry BC and use it also as carbon+ nitrogen source with 1.41g/l dry BC for bacterial cellulose production but the amount of BC produced was lower than that produced on modified GAM medium.

financial failure of most commercial banks is hardly identified and detected. Machine learning techniques as Fuzzy logic (FL), Artificial Neural network (ANN), Case based reasoning (CBR) and Rule based system (RBS) are important techniques that are used in prediction and forecasting generally. This paper introduces a fuzzy logic based proposed model which can help the decision maker in commercial banks to make the right decision to determine level of financial failure in the bank. The proposed model employing financial ratios rules used in Egyptian commercial banks to measure the bank financial performance indicators i.e. capital adequacy, asset quality, liquidity, and earnings in order to determine their financial failure. The proposed model uses fuzzy logic in MATLAB to build financial ratios membership functions. In addition, the implementation of the proposed model used visual studio 2010 to build the graphical user interface for the user. The implemented system was tested on two of the Egyptian commercial banks i.e. CIB bank and CFEB bank. The mathematical equation of the defuzzification was applied to calculate financial failure in these two banks. After implementing and applying the proposed model, it was proved that the fuzzy logic technique is one of the most important machine learning techniques that can be used to detect financial failure in commercial banks and the proposed model proved that it is highly effective, scalable, and reliable in detecting the financial bank failure.

Investigations were conducted using Helicoverpa armigera fed on transgenic tomato plants containing a synthetic Cry2ab gene aiming to evaluate its impact on the development of the predator Chrysoperla carnea. Prey consumption and development parameters of C. carnea were assessed. No obvious differences were observed in the development of C. carnea that preyed on H. armigera fed on transgenic Bt tomato plants as compared to the control. This shows obvious that transgenic Bt tomato plants can be safely used as an efficient tool for the biocontrol of H. armigera with no effect on its predator, C. carnea.

In this paper, by using b-open (=γ-open) sets we study the concept of b-separated sets. With this concept we study the notion of b-connected sets and strongly b-connected sets. We give some properties of such concepts with some b-separation axioms and compact spaces. Finally, we construct a new topological space on a connected graph.

Background: Children in remission from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a high prevalence of immune system defects; one of them is the decrease of vaccine-induced antibody seropositivity rates. This antibody deficiency may place children with ALL at risk for the development of vaccine- preventable diseases, even after completion of chemotherapy, and they could function as a reservoir for additional spread of these diseases in the population. The aim of the present study was the assessment of the levels of vaccine- induced antibodies against measles and rubella viruses in ALL children following chemotherapy. Subjects and methods: Antibody levels against measles and rubella vaccine viruses were evaluated by ELISA technique in 96 children with ALL after completion of chemotherapy, in addition to 30 healthy children (non cancer controls of matched age and sex). Results: All healthy children were seropositive for measles and rubella antibodies. On the other hand, out of 96 children who received chemotherapy, only 19 (19.8%) were seropositive for measles antibodies, while 70 (72.9%) were seropositive for rubella antibodies. Most of measles seropositive cases (57.9%) had low levels of measles antibodies while among control group most children (56.7%) had high levels of measles antibodies. Similarly among children who received chemotherapy, most of the seropositive cases (45.7%) had low levels of rubella antibodies, while among control group, most of children (36.6%) had high levels of rubella antibodies. Seropositivity rate of measles was found to be related to the age at diagnosis and disease duration, while that of rubella was found to be related to the disease duration only. Conclusion and recommendations: Most of children who have been treated with chemotherapy for ALL had lost measles antibodies and to less extent rubella antibodies. Among seropositive cases, levels of measles and rubella antibodies are low following treatment with chemotherapy compared to levels among normal controls. Therefore, revaccination of children with ALL following completion of chemotherapeutic treatment against measles and rubella is recommended. Key words: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, measles, rubella, vaccine.

Uterine fibroids (UF) are the most common gynecological tumors in premenopausal women. Hysterectomy remains the major and definitive therapeutic option. Minimally invasive surgical techniques for performing hysterectomy have many advantages over laparotomy. Current drug therapies for UF remain unsatisfactory. Unquestionably, continued investigation of novel agents is necessary. The currently used drugs for UF treatment which exclusively modulate a single target, typically either the estrogen or progesterone signaling pathways, are limited in their therapeutic effects. By contrast, multi-target drugs which simultaneously modulate multiple critical hubs in the network of the signaling pathways underlying UF pathogenesis should achieve robust and durable therapeutic effects.Uterin fibroidler (UF) premenopozal kadınlarda en yaygın görülen jinekolojik tümörlerdir. Histerektomi başlıca tedavi seçeneğidir. Histerektomi uygulamasında minimal cerrahi yaklaşımların laparotomiye göre avantajları mevcuttur. UF tedavisinde kullanılan güncel ilaç tedavileri ise tatmin edici olmaktan uzaktır. Şüphesiz, yeni ajanlar için çalışmalar devam etmelidir. UF tedavisinde kullanılan, ya östrojen ya da progesteron yolakları gibi tek bir hedef üzerinden etki eden güncel tedaviler terapötik etkinlik konusunda yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bunların yanında, UF patogenezinde rol alan yolaklardaki birden çok kritik noktayı değiştiren çok hedefli ajanlar etkin ve uzun sü;reli terapötik etki sağlayacaktır.

Data granulation is a good tool of decision making in various types of real life applications. The basic ideas of data granulation have appeared in many fields, such as interval analysis, quantization, rough set theory, Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions, divide and conquer, cluster analysis, machine learning, databases, information retrieval, and many others. In this paper, we initiate some new topological tools for data granulation using rough set approximations. Moreover, we define some topological measures of data granulation in topological I formation systems. Topological generalizations using δβ-open sets and their applications of information granulation are developed.

Following the recent medical innovations, it is now possible to disassociate sexuality and reproduction. With contraception, people can have free sexuality without the fear of an unexpected pregnancy. Frequently, Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), with in vitro fertilization, can obtain a pregnancy without intercourse. There are three major problems concerning infertility and sexuality. Firstly, infertility because of a sexual disorder; secondly, sexual disorder induced by infertility diagnosis; thirdly, sexual disorder induced by ART. Praticians should be aware of possible existence of sexual problems to allow the couple to express them. Once diagnosed, these troubles can be treated by the pratician himself or the couple has to be referred to a psychologist or a sexologist.

The technique presented in this paper offers better imperceptibility, reduces execution time and improves robustness in comparison to Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and hybrid fusion technique (HFT) digital watermarking techniques. The proposed improved technique (IMD-WC-T) combined both the DWT and DCT subsequently and spread the watermark with PN-sequence with a certain key in the DCT transform after decompose the host image with DWT in level 2 to generate the final watermarked image. Such combination allowed us to exploit the individual advantages derivable from the separate use of the DWT and DCT methods. Results obtained from (IMD-WC-T) showed improved performance in terms of imperceptibility, execution time and certain aspect in robustness (Gama Correction, Histogram Equalization) than that of DWT, DCT, and hybrid fusion technique (HFT), in addition to the quality of recovered watermark image as well. Comparing with HFT, the IMD-WC-T technique guarantees additional imperceptibility, reduced execution time and gave more robustness against Gama Correction and Histogram Equalization.

A mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary teeth. The purpose of this report is to present a rare occurrence of non-syndromic impacted inverted mesiodentes in an 8.5-year-old boy who presented with a chief complaint of delayed eruption of his permanent maxillary left central incisor. Occlusal and panoramic radiographs, as well as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with a three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction image, confirmed that one supernumerary tooth had perforated the nasal fossa floor and the other was in close approximation to the to the same site. Surgical removal of both mesiodentes was indicated. Radiographic evidence of complete healing was observed 12 months following surgical removal. The use of CBCT with a 3-D reconstruction image as a tool in diagnosis and evaluation of healing after surgical removal is recommended.

Despite rapid technical progress and demonstrable effectiveness for some types of diagnosis and therapy, much remains to be learned about clinical genome and exome sequencing (CGES) and its role within the practice of medicine. The Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research (CSER) consortium includes 18 extramural research projects, one National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) intramural project, and a coordinating center funded by the NHGRI and National Cancer Institute. The consortium is exploring analytic and clinical validity and utility, as well as the ethical, legal, and social implications of sequencing via multidisciplinary approaches; it has thus far recruited 5,577 participants across a spectrum of symptomatic and healthy children and adults by utilizing both germline and cancer sequencing. The CSER consortium is analyzing data and creating publically available procedures and tools related to participant preferences and consent, variant classification, disclosure and management of primary and secondary findings, health outcomes, and integration with electronic health records. Future research directions will refine measures of clinical utility of CGES in both germline and somatic testing, evaluate the use of CGES for screening in healthy individuals, explore the penetrance of pathogenic variants through extensive phenotyping, reduce discordances in public databases of genes and variants, examine social and ethnic disparities in the provision of genomics services, explore regulatory issues, and estimate the value and downstream costs of sequencing. The CSER consortium has established a shared community of research sites by using diverse approaches to pursue the evidence-based development of best practices in genomic medicine.

Ability to clearly delineate the nuclei of microscopic cancer cells is crucial to the accuracy and efficiency of image-based approaches to cancer diagnosis and treatment. Oftentimes, however, such cells contain overlapped (or touched) nuclei. The study proposed in this work presents a hybrid trichotomic technique that combines the Gram-Schmidt method (GSM), handling of relevant geometric features of the cell nuclei, and application of the K-means clustering algorithm to segment, detect, and separate touched nuclei in microscopic cancer images. Using a dataset of microscopic images from two datasets comprising of breast cancer cells and acute lymphoblastic leukemia the proposed technique achieves average mean square error (MSE) of 0.087 and 0.075 for the two datatypes, respectively. Utilising the K-means clustering algorithm in the separation phase of the proposed technique ensures an average normalized accuracy of 0.73 and 0.91 respectively in terms of the nuclei separation for the microscopic breast cancer and acute lymphocyte leukemia cell images in comparison to manual approaches.

Purpose Numerous salvage surgeries were popularised to halt the progression of hip osteonecrosis (ON). We aimed to compare the clinico-radiological outcomes of inverted femoral head graft (IFHG) versus standard core decompression (SCD) in treatment of nontraumatic hip ON at pre-arthritic stage. Methods A case review was performed at a minimum 3 years follow-up of 61 patients (71 hips; mean age 32.96 (19-50) years; mean follow-up 7.86 (3-14) years; mean body mass index 28.58 (19-46); 32 males, 29 females) suffering nontraumatic hip ON at pre-arthritic stage. 38 hips underwent SCD and 33 IFHG. The outcome was assessed by changes in modified Harris Hip Score (MHHS), need for revision surgery and progression of modified Ficat-Arlet staging. Data were analysed including logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis. Results 13/34 (38.2%) hips in SCD group were revised at 4.61 ± 2.61 years, while 7/33 (21.2%) in IFHG group at 8.43 ± 4.32 years (p = 0.023). MHHS was significantly higher in IFHG group at 1 and 3 years as well as at last follow-up (p = 0.014, 0.001 and 0.023 respectively). Clinical and radiological significant differences were found in survivorship analysis between both groups, in favor of IFHG. A higher clinical failure was noted among obese patients. Conclusions An IFHG technique offers a better alternative regarding postoperative clinico-radiological outcomes in nontraumatic hip ON at the pre-arthritic stage. A cautious prognosis is recommended in obese patients.

According to our literature analysis, there are no data focused on spermatozoa emotional representations in childless men and data on the emotional repercussions of a diagnosis of infertility on men are still scarce. Thus, in this work, we investigated what the presence or absence of spermatozoa in the semen symbolize for men.To answer this question, 441 childless heterosexual men participated in an anonymous, prospective, Internet-based survey.In response to the question "What would having a high or normal sperm count symbolize for you?" the most frequent answer was "ability to father a child". Men living with a partner were significantly more likely than single men to answer "ability to father a child" (These preliminary results should help us to improve (i) the way that male infertility is announced (it is easier to find the right words if one understands the possible importance of having a high sperm count) and (ii) the psychological, marital and sexual counselling provided to men with a diagnosis of infertility.Dans la littérature, peu d'articles traitent du ressenti des hommes vis à vis de leurs spermatozoïdes. Que signifie pour un homme “avoir ou non des spermatozoïdes”? Voilà la question que nous nous sommes posée.Pour y répondre nous avons élaboré un questionnaire qui a été rempli en ligne par 441 hommes hétérosexuels âgés de 18 à 45 ans et sans enfants.A la question, “que signifie pour vous avoir des spermatozoïdes?”, la majorité d’entre eux a répondu “être père”. Les hommes en couple ont statistiquement répondu plus fréquemment “être père” (Ces résultats préliminaires doivent nous aider à mieux comprendre le ressenti des hommes vis à vis de leurs spermatozoïdes et nous aider, nous spécialistes de l’infertilité, à mieux annoncer des infertilités par azoospermie ou oligospermie en adoptant une démarche de conseil psychologique, sexuel et conjugal dans l’annonce de cette infertilité masculine. En effet “ne pas avoir un nombre élevé de spermatozoïdes et a fortiori ne pas en avoir du tout” peut avoir un impact négatif sur l’homme en termes d’humeur, de culpabilité et d’estime de soi.

In this paper, we use some topological near open sets to introduce the rough set concepts such as near open lower and near open upper approximations. Also, we study the concept of near open, rough set and some of their basic properties. We will study the comparison among near open concepts and rough set concepts. We also studied the effect of this concept to motivate the knowledge discovery processing.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the ileo-caecal anastomosis with simple nippling (valve reconstruction) versus resection of terminal ileum with ileo-transverse anastomosis in terminal ileal lesions. Patients and methods: 38 patients with incidental terminal ileal lesion included in the study they were divided randomly into 2 groups, group A included 19 cases and submitted to resection of the injured terminal ileum with ileotransverse anastomosis and group B 19 included cases submitted to repair or resection of the injured part then ileocaecal implantation was done with nippling of ileum into caecum in attempt to reconstruct ileocaecal valve. Results: The mean operative time in group A was 3 h ± 40 mint. but was 2 h ± 30 mint. in group B. Although blood loss was more in group A neither of the 2 groups needed blood transfusion. The first time to pass flatus and resumption of oral feeding in group A were (3 ± 0.75) days and (4 ± 0.5) days respectively but in group B were (2 ± 0.5) days and (2 ± 0.75) days respectively, the hospital stay in group A was 8 ± 0.5 days but in group B was (4 ± 2) days, Nine cases in group A were suffered of diarrhoea but no cases in group B suffered of diarrhea, no cases of leakage in group B but in group A there were 2 cases of leakage. Conclusion: ileo-caecal anastomosis was feasible, safe and rapid procedure also the nippling of the terminal ileum into caecum imitated the ileocaecal valve in preventing reflux of caecal contents into ileum when compared with ileo-transverse anastomosis in terminal ileal lesions.