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The (d, 2 He) and ( 12 C, 12 N) charge-exchange reactions have been studied at E/A = 135 MeV using the high resolution spectrograph SMART at RIKEN. The similarities were found in the energy spectra of both reactions, indicating the strong selectivity of ΔS = 1 and ΔT = 1 transitions. The 12 C( 12 C, 12 N) 12 B reaction has been studied using the microscopic DWBA calculation, suggesting that the reaction predominantly goes thorough a one-step process. The dominance of the L = 0 component was also found.

The electronic structures of YFe12−xMox and their nitrides were calculated to examine the effect of N and Mo atoms on the magnetic properties. The introduction of nitrogen produces favourable effects, while the substitution of Fe atoms by Mo atoms produces detrimental effects. These effects are examined by the dependence of the magnetic properties on the concentration and the atomic site of the Mo atoms.

The relationship among macroscopic in-plane magnetic anisotropy, the crystal structure of both the Co-based magnetic layer and the Cr under-layer, and the surface morphology of the textured substrate was studied. In the highly oriented media, the preferred orientation of the c-axis of Co to the circumferential direction and the distortion of the Cr crystal lattice were observed. In-plane magnetic anisotropy is induced when the grain of the under-layer is smaller than the texture grooves.

We investigated the transport properties of BaFe$_2$As$_2$ single crystals before and after annealing with BaAs powder. The annealing remarkably improves transport properties, in particular the magnitude of residual resistivity which decreases by a factor of more than 10. From the resistivity measurement on detwinned crystals we found that the anisotropy of the in-plane resistivity is remarkably diminished after annealing, indicative of dominant contributions to the charge transport from the carriers with isotropic and high mobility below magnetostructural transition temperature $T_{\rm s}$ and the absence of nematic state above $T_{\rm s}$. We found that the Hall resistivity shows strong non-linearity against magnetic field and the magnetoresistance becomes very large at low temperatures. These results give evidence for the manifestation of multiple carriers with distinct characters in the ordered phase below $T_{\rm s}$. By analyzing the magnetic field dependences, we found that at least three carriers equally contribute to the charge transport in the ordered phase, which is in good agreement with the results of recent quantum oscillation measurements.

Three‐dimensional photonic crystals (3D PhCs) offer unprecedented opportunities for the ultimate control of photons and their interaction with materials through their complete photonic bandgaps (PBGs). We report the first experimental demonstration of lasing oscillation with an interaction between fully confined photons and electrons by coupling a 3D PhC nanocavity mode, possessing a highest quality factor (Q factor) of 38,500, with semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). The lasing characteristics, including the threshold and the spontaneous emission coupling factor (β), are systematically changed by controlling the crystal size in the third dimension, which consequently changes the cavity Q.

Folic acid and cAMP are chemoattractants in Dictyostelium discoideum, which bind to different surface receptors. The signal is transduced from the receptors via different G proteins into a common pathway which includes guanylyl cyclase and acto-myosin. To investigate this common pathway, ten mutants which do not react chemotactically to both cAMP and folic acid were isolated with a simple new chemotactic assay. Genetic analysis shows that one of these mutants (KI-10) was dominant; the other nine mutants were recessive, and comprise nine complementation groups.In wild-type cells, the chemoattractants activate adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C, and guanylyl cyclase in a transient manner. In mutant cells the formation of cAMP and IP3 were generally normal, whereas the cGMP response was altered in most of the ten mutants. Particularly, mutant KI-8 has strongly reduced basal guanylyl cyclase activity; the enzyme is present in mutant KI-10, but can not be activated by cAMP or folic acid. The cGMP response of five other mutants is altered in either magnitude, dose dependency, or kinetics.These observations suggest that the second messenger cGMP plays a key role in chemotaxis in Dictyostelium.

The first measurement of the spin-flip probability (SFP) S1 for the isoscalar (ΔT = 0) spin excitations via the (d,d'γ) coincidence method are presented. The two ΔT = 0 transitions to the 1+ and 2+ states in 12C at 12.71 and 4.44 MeV, respectively, were studied. S1 values of ≈0.7 and ≈0 were obtained respectively for the 1+ state and the 2+ state at all measured angles, showing a remarkable difference. These values are in good agreement with the results of DWBA calculations: a microscopic one-step calculation for the 1+ state and a collective calculation for the 2+ state.

Electronic structures of RFe 12 and RFe 12 X (R = Y, Ce, Gd; X = N, C) were calculated to examine the effect of the X atoms on the magnetic properties. The formation of the bonding and antibonding states between the valence states of the X and Fe atoms produces the characteristic change in the density of state of the Fe atom. From this change, we can understand how the magnetic moments are changed by X atoms and that the spin fluctuation is restrained and the Curie temperature is enhanced by the introduction of X atoms.

The effects of current profiles on the n = 1 internal kink mode, the infinite n ballooning mode and the infernal mode in a tokamak are analysed numerically. The stabilities of plasmas with a circular cross-section and a peaked pressure profile are investigated for three types of current profile, that is parabolic, flat and hollow with an inverted q profile. In a low beta state (βp 0.5), the growth rate of the n = 1 internal kink mode for the plasma with the hollow current profile becomes larger, and the unstable region spreads to the region of higher qmin (qmin > 2). When the plasma has a more peaked pressure profile in the hollow part of the current profile, the unstable regions of the n = 1 internal kink mode and ballooning mode shrink, and the infernal mode disappears

Differential cross sections and vector and tensor analyzing powers for the 11 B(d, 2 He) 11 Be reaction at 70 MeV have been measured and Gamow-Teller and spinflip dipole transitions are identified. Observed mean excitation energy and strength for the spinflip dipole transition in which possible neutron halo effect manifests itself are consistent with the shell model prediction which takes the neutron halo into account.

In JT-60, hot ion modes (Ti(0) = 9-13 keV, H0 beam into H+ plasma) exhibiting peaked profiles of the ion temperature, Ti(r), and the toroidal rotation velocity, Vt(r) have been obtained with an effective safety factor qeff ~ 10. Experiments have been performed to study the characteristics of these peaked profiles in which qeff was scanned over the range 4.5 < qeff < 15. Peaking of the profiles of Ti(r) and Vt(r) occurs within a limited region. Moreover, the boundary of the region of improved performance is well characterized by the q = 1, 2 and 3 surfaces. The improvement in global confinement in JT-60 hot ion modes is attributed to the substantial increase in the volume of the enhanced confinement region within the q = 3 surface, in which region the peaked Ti profile is generated

The ([ital d],[sup 2]He) reactions on light nuclei were studied at [ital E][sub [ital d]]=260 MeV with a large solid-angle, wide momentum-acceptance spectrometer. The data indicated the direct one-step nature of the reaction at this energy. Observed excitation-energy spectra for [ital N]=[ital Z] nuclei compared well with those from the ([ital p],[ital n]) reactions at similar momentum transfer. The peaks corresponding to the 0[sup +][r arrow]1[sup +] transitions showed angle dependence characteristic of [Delta][ital L]=0. The 0[degree] ([ital d],[sup 2]He) cross sections were found to be proportional to the Gamow-Teller [beta]-decay strengths.

A novel polymer solid-electrolyte (PSE) switch, NanoBridge, featuring forming-free programming and an extremely high OFF/ON resistance ratio of 105 has been embedded in a 90nm-node CMOS by a fully logic-compatible process. Fast programming of 10nsec is also achieved in a 50nmφ 1k-bit-cell array by introducing the PSE, enabling a short and parallel programming. The OFF-state T 50 lifetime at 125°C is extrapolated to be more than 10 years. The developed switch is a strong candidate for realizing a low-power and low-cost nonvolatile programmable logic (NPL).

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is usually isolated from the oral cavity where it is associated with active periodontitis. The species can be divided into six serotypes (a-f) according to their surface carbohydrate antigens. However, some clinical isolates cannot be grouped within these six serotypes. Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, catalase-positive coccobacilli were isolated from a patient with periodontitis and identified by employing genetic, biochemical and serological analyses. Phenotypic data identified the isolate as A. actinomycetemcomitans. Serotype-specific polysaccharide antigen from the isolate was untypeable by immunodiffusion testing in comparison with reference A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype a to f strains. Biofilm formation by the isolate was strong but cytotoxic activity was low. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis of partially methylated alditol acetates from surface polysaccharide showed the presence of 2,4-di-O-methyl-rhamnose and 2,3,6-tri-O-methyl-glucose, with a 1 : 1 m ratio. The (1)H- and (13)C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the antigen showed that both constituent glycoses had alpha-anomeric configuration. It is proposed that the untyped strain is a new A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype, designated serotype g.

Solid-electrolyte crossbar switch (namely NanoBridge) with low programming current of 420µA and highly reliable ON state against pulsed-alternating current (AC) stress is demonstrated under practical operating conditions of a programmable logic device (PLD). The ON-state duration under a pulsed-AC stress is achieved >10 years at 150°C. The high reliability under AC originates from the fact that the stress induced by Cu+ ion migration at a negative bias is recovered by a positive bias. NanoBridge is applicable in a scaled-down, nonvolatile PLD for hp28 and beyond.

Large one- and two-dimensional position-sensitive neutron detectors have been developed. Their shapes are a long block and a square and their sizes are 100×10×7.5 cm 3 and 100×100×10 cm 3 for one- and two-dimensional detectors, respectively. Both liquid and plastic scintillators are employed as detector materials. Position resolutions are examined by using monoenergetic neutron beams with energies of 61.6 MeV. The obtained position resolutions in FWHM are 3–5 cm and 4–14 cm for one- and two-dimensional detectors, respectively. Position resolutions are poor near the corner of the two-dimensional detector irrespective of scintillator materials. Scintillation light responses have been compared with predictions of Monte Carlo calculations. Neutron polarimeters at an intermediate energy have been developed by utilizing the position sensitivity of these detectors.

Dapsone, an antileprosy drug, was administered to rats with amygdala (AM)-kindled seizures or hippocampal (HIPP)-kindled seizures to elucidate its anticonvulsive efficacy. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to kindling stimulations 2 weeks after electrode-implantation. The subjects were tested once a day for 7 successive days after inducing three generalized (stage 5) seizures to study the effects of dapsone. Dapsone had an inhibitory effect on stage 5 seizures at 12.50 mg/kg in the AM-kindled rats and at 6.25 mg/kg and 9.375 mg/kg in the HIPP-kindled rats. Thus, there was a distinct difference in the effective dose for generalized seizures between the AM-kindled rats and the HIPP-kindled rats. The inhibitory action of dapsone on stage 5 seizures may be due mainly to the elevation of the afterdischarge-triggering threshold at the stimulation site of the AM or HIPP. Such inhibitory action appears prominently at serum concentrations of about 13 micrograms/ml in AM-kindled rats and about 6 micrograms/ml in HIPP-kindled rats. The level of 6 micrograms/ml almost equals the therapeutic serum concentration of dapsone used in the treatment of leprosy.

Adult rats which received repeated electroshock convulsions (ESCs) during postnatal development underwent electrical kindling of the amygdala (AM) and hippocampus (HIPP). Completion of kindling, especially AM kindling, was significantly faster in the groups with ESCs from the neonatal to late infantile age than in the control group. It is discussed that especially the late infantile age in the postnatal development was supposed to play an important role in the faster kindling brought about by postnatal convulsions and that the faster kindling was due in part to abbreviation of the partial seizure process. However, the neonatal ESC group showed significantly delayed completion of HIPP kindling.

Electronic structures of Fe16X2 (X=B, C and N) were calculated by the LMTO-ASA method within the framework of the local-spin-density approximation, and the effect of X atoms on the magnetic properties were investigated. The magnetic moments of the Fe(4e) atoms which are nearest to the X atoms decrease. This is due to the hybridization between Fe(4e) d states and X valence states. On the other hand, the Fe(4d) atoms farthest from X atoms carry a very large magnetic moment. The Fe(4d) moment is indirectly influenced by X atoms through the neighbouring Fe and the enhancement increases for X=B, C and N, in that order. The hyperfine fields at Fe(4e) and Fe(8h) in Fe16N2 are nearly equal, though their magnetic moments are different. This fact can be explained on the basis of the difference of the contributions from the valence s electrons.

Kinetic study of C2H4 polymerization on reduced V2O5/Al2O3 catalysts revealed that the rate equation can be expressed as Vρ=k exp (-αYρ) KaPE/(1+KaPE) in the temperature range of −20 to 70°C. The deactivation constant, α, was found to have a close relation with the yield and molecular weight of the polymer.

The reduced V2O5/Al2O3 and V2O5/silica-alumina catalyst pretreated at 670°C showed high C2H4 polymerization activity at 70°C while the polymerization scarcely occurred on SiO2-supported catalyst and did not occur on MgO-supported catalyst. The activities of the catalysts were closely related to the amounts of strong Lewis acid sites.

A fully logic-compatible, nonvolatile crossbar switch using a novel dual-layer TiOx/TaSiOy solid-electrolyte, “NanoBridge”, has been developed for the first time, which is scalable to 50 nm and beyond and keeps the extremely low ON-resistance of ≪100 Ω. A key breakthrough is the dual-layer solid-electrolyte, in which TiOx works as an oxygen absorber as well as a superior ionic conductor, thus improving the yield, ON/OFF resistance ratio (≫106) and cycling endurance (≫103). The highly scalable 4 × 4 crossbar switch composed of NanoBridge integrated in a local Cu interconnect of a standard CMOS is successfully configured without select transistors. The nonvolatile solid-electrolyte, crossbar switch is a promising switch element for low power and low cost reconfigurable logic.

The improved resolution of laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) allows reliable access to fine structures in the spectrum. We present a systematic, doping-dependent study of a recently discovered low-energy kink in the nodal dispersion of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+δ) (Bi-2212), which demonstrates the ubiquity and robustness of this kink in underdoped Bi-2212. The renormalization of the nodal velocity due to this kink becomes stronger with underdoping, revealing that the nodal Fermi velocity is nonuniversal, in contrast with assumed phenomenology. This is used together with laser ARPES measurements of the gap velocity (v2) to resolve discrepancies with thermal conductivity measurements.

Active sites for C2H4 hydrogenation produced by reduction of V2O5/Al2O3 catalyst pretreated at 450°C were found to be composed of both strong Lewis acid sites associated with V4+ and basic sites of Al2O3. C2H4 polymerization concurrent with hydrogenation was assumed to occur on Lewis acid sites with higher acid strengths than those of the hydrogenation sites.

It has been found that carbon monoxide is adsorbed on Lewis acid sites of a high acid strength. Potential applicability of carbon monoxide as a gaseous base to determine the strength and amount of acid sites is suggested.

Reduction of V2O5/Al2O3 and V2O5/silica-alumina produced Lewis acid sites which could strongly adsorb CO (heat of adsorption: 90 kJ/mol). Such strong acid sites were not formed in the cases of V2O5/SiO2 and V2O5/MgO. V2O5 loaded on Al2O3 interacted with the basic sites of alumina but not with the acidic sites, while the V2O5 on silica-alumina interacted with the acidic sites of the silica-alumina and decreased its acidity.

Results are presented of the second harmonic heating experiments in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) on JT-60. Heating and confinement characteristics are investigated by using the hydrogen second harmonic (H-majority 2ωcH scheme and the hydrogen minority second harmonic (H-minority 2ωcH scheme (nH/nHe ≈0.1) in two toroidal phasing modes of antenna currents, in phase ((0,0)) and out of phase ((π, 0)), at PIC ≤ 3 MW, ne =(1.3−6.6) × 1019 m−3 and Ip = 1–2.4 MA. Efficient plasma heating has been demonstrated in both heating schemes. Intense non-Maxwellian ion tails are observed at low density. Sawtooth oscillations with an enhanced period in the electron temperature are found over a wide range of electron densities. The incremental energy confinement time, τEinc, for (π, 0) phasing is larger than for (0,0) phasing, irrespective of the heating scheme. In particular, H-minority 2ωcH heating with (π, 0) phasing shows excellent plasma heating with τEinc ≈ 100–120 ms, which is larger than that of neutral beam injection (NBI) heating by a factor of about two. Different dependences of τEinc on Ip are obtained in the two heating schemes. The (0,0) phasing data of τEinc in H-majority 2ωcH heating increase with Ip up to 1.9 MA, while the (π, 0) phasing data in H-minority 2ωcH heating are almost constant with Ip up to 2.4 MA. The global energy confinement shows an L-mode behaviour. The energy confinement time for H-minority 2ωcH heating at high density agrees well with the Shimomura-Odajima scaling.

S状結腸エンドストーマに合併したmucosal implantationの1例を報告した.症例は55歳男性.1985年9月に,直腸癌,膀胱浸潤に対し,骨盤内臓器全摘術,回腸導管,S状結腸エンドストーマ造設術を施行した,その後徐々に結腸ストーマ周囲にmucosal implantationを生じ,その増大とともに装具との接触による出血や疼痛をおぼえるようになったために,CO2レーザーを用いた治療を行った.今回治療経過を報告するとともに,mucosal implantationの成因について述べたが,正しいストーマー造設法を行うことにより予防できることを強調したい.

Ocean database is equipped including data of wave, wind, water depth, current, water temperature, salinity and distance from land around Japan. Possibility of wide deployment of floating wind power plant is investigated by using the database.

Background The antitumor activity of CS-1008, a humanized agonistic anti-human death receptor (DR) 5 antibody, was investigated in preclinical models. Materials and methods Cytotoxicity of CS-1008 was evaluated in a several human tumor cell lines as well as primary human hepatocytes in vitro. To evaluate antitumor efficacy, athymic nude mice were inoculated with human colorectal tumor COLO 205, pancreatic tumor MIA PaCa-2 or non-small-cell lung carcinoma NCI-H2122 and CS-1008 was i.v. administered. The combination effects of CS-1008 with gemcitabine or docetaxel (Taxotere) against MIA PaCa-2 or NCI-H2122 were evaluated in vivo, respectively. Results CS-1008 inhibited the growth of tumor cell lines with DR5 expression, including COLO 205, NCI-H2122, MIA PaCa-2 and renal cell adenocarcinoma ACHN in vitro with antibody cross-linkage. Using COLO 205, apoptosis induction was confirmed by annexin V staining. Weekly administration of CS-1008 resulted in the inhibition of COLO 205 tumor growth as well as MIA PaCa-2 in vivo. CS-1008 in combination with gemcitabine or docetaxel demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity against MIA PaCa-2 or NCI-H2122 cells, respectively. Unlike tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, CS-1008 did not induce cell death in human primary hepatocytes. Conclusion CS-1008 has a selective toxicity toward tumor cells expressing DR5 and the potential for antitumor efficacy in human malignancies.

JT-60SA is a fully superconducting coil tokamak to be built under the framework of the EU-JA Broader Approach Agreement, and it aims to contribute to the complement of the ITER experiments and to the DEMO reactor design by the study of steady-state high-beta plasma experiments. The conceptual design of the JT-60SA tokamak and the peripheral systems has been carried out in close collaboration of EU and Japan from middle of 2006, and the JT-60SA Conceptual Design Report which involves an analysis of plasma physics and engineering design is summarized in May 2007. This paper intends to present an overall view of the JT-60SA project, and the latest design status of the key engineering issues such as superconducting magnets, divertor target, plasma heating devices, and magnet power supplies.

Recent lower hybrid current drive (LHCD), and heating (LHH) experiments on JT-60 are reported. The current drive product of neRpIRF approximately 12.5*1019 m-2 MA was achieved at the LH power of approximately 4.5 MW, and the CD efficiency, the energy confinement, the global power balance and the heat load on divertor plates were investigated in high power LHCD plasmas. Nearly steady state H-mode discharges were found during LHCD with two different frequency injections. Sawtooth suppression in NB heated plasmas by LHCD have shown an improvement in confinement near the plasma center. Parametric instabilities in LH heating experiments were significantly reduced by increasing the plasma current, and the stored energy increased linearly with heating power of up to approximately 9 MW at ne approximately 7*1019 m-3 and Ip=2.75 MA. Parametric instabilities near the plasma edge in the ion heating regime were also reduced in peaked density plasmas produced by pellet injection and LH waves increased the central plasma pressure at ne(0) > 1.4*1020 m-3.

We have previously identified a protein factor, PEBP2 (polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein), in the nuclear extract from mouse NIH 3T3 cells which binds to the sequence motif, PEA2, located within the polyomavirus enhancer A element. Upon cellular transformation with activated oncogene c-Ha-ras, this factor frequently undergoes drastic molecular modifications into an altered form having a considerably reduced molecular size. In this study, the altered form, PEBP3, was purified to near homogeneity. The purified PEBP3 comprised two sets of families of polypeptides, alpha-1 to alpha-4 and beta-1 to beta-2, which were 30 to 35 kilodaltons and 20 to 25 kilodaltons in size, respectively. Both kinds of polypeptides possessed DNA-binding activities with exactly the same sequence specificity. Individual alpha or beta polypeptides complexed with DNA showed faster gel mobilities than did PEBP3. However, the original gel retardation pattern was restored when alpha and beta polypeptides were mixed together in any arbitrary pair. These observation along with the results of UV- and chemical-cross-linking studies led us to conclude that PEBP3 is a heterodimer of alpha and beta subunits, potentially having a divalent DNA-binding activity. Furthermore, PEBP3 was found to bind a second, hitherto-unnoticed site of the polyomavirus enhancer that is located within the B element and coincides with the sequence previously known as the simian virus 40 enhancer core homology. From comparison of this and the original binding sites, the consensus sequence for PEBP3 was defined to be PuACCPuCA. These findings provided new insights into the biological significance of PEBP3 and PEBP2.

In the JT-60 tokamak with nearly perpendicular neutral hydrogen beam injection of up to ~ 21 MW, some regimes of plasma species and beam directions have been observed in which the sawtooth periods are significantly extended. It is found that the use of helium as working gas together with co-injection of neutral beams can have an important influence on the occurrence of extended sawtooth periods. Beam induced stabilizing effects on sawteeth and internal kink modes are also discussed.

Thermal stability of the oxidized state of silver was increased in the Cr, Mn, Fe and Co oxides. However, Ni and Cu oxides did not stabilize Ag, leading to its aggregation to form metallic Ag at 400°C. The Ag in the former group exhibited high catalytic activity in the oxidation of CO due to the formation of composite oxides with these transition metals.

GaAs‐AlGaAs quantum wires with various widths have been fabricated using electron beam lithography and Ar ion etching. Conductance was measured as a function of the etched depth and the wire width. The results indicate that defects diffuse at room temperature. Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations in GaAs‐AlGaAs film and wires with different widths have been measured to investigate the effect of the surface damage on the electron transport characteristics. The analysis of the results shows that both electron density and scattering time decrease with decreasing the width of the channel. These are indicative of the side wall scattering and the damages induced during the sample preparation process.

Surface free energy of various carbon fibers was determined by tensiometric method in three different procedures. The dispersiveγ and the nondispersiveγ components were separately determined by contact angle measurements in two-phase system, formamide-n-alkanes. Theγ increased by oxidation and decreased by hydrogen reduction, while theγ remained almost constant.Theγ value determined from contact angle of water/ethyleneglycol solution tended to become higher. The critical surface free energy was in harmony with the total free energy determined from formamide-n-alkanes system as long as liquids were properly selected. The formation of oxygen-containing functional groups was evidenced by ESCA, and the surface [O]/[C] ratio was related linearly to the surface polarity defined byγ [γ +γ ] Oxidation in liquid phase resulted in the formation of both hydroxyls and carboxyls, while only hydroxyls were formed in gas phase. The interfacial shear strength of the fiber-epoxy resin could be closely correlated with thermodynamical work of adhesion calculated on the basis of surface free energy and its component.

Space division multiple access (SDMA) has been expected for improving frequency utilization efficiency in mobile communication systems. In such a system, communication quality is deteriorated when user terminals close to each other because the signals from each user terminal can not be separated by directional pattern in that situation. This paper describes the effects of path visibility on space division performances of SDMA in urban area. It is shown by the simulation that the SINR is depends on path visibility between a terminal and a base station (BS). And it is also clarified that SDMA system is effective when the path visibility is more than 8 percent with no relation to average building height or BS antenna height.

The electrocardiogram (ECG) was measured by non-contact, non-restraint and unconscious method using capacitively-coupled electrodes made of electro-conductive cloth while subjects lay on bed wearing their clothes. These electrodes are very sensitive so measure not only signals but noise. The seat grounded, which arranged under the electrode could suppress noise. Two types of electrode different in length were used, that is long type and short type. Results showed that both electrodes could sense ECG. Noise generated from e.g. commercial power source was almost the same for both electrodes though the length of electrode was longer than the subject for the long type electrode. Setting position was rather serious and noise component changed greatly by the part of body that touches the electrode. Next, ECG was measured on these condition participants lay with supine position, prone position, right lateral position and left lateral position. The ECG was measured on each condition.

Weak localization has been studied in an AlxGa1−xAsySb1−y/InAs quantum well (QW) by means of tuning the carrier density n via the persistent photoconductivity effect in order to explore the origin of spin‐orbit interaction (SOI) in this system. The magnetoconductance in extremely weak B‐fields has been fitted by taking account of the spin‐Zeeman effect on the SOI arising from the spin splitting in asymmetric systems. The SO field (Bso) deduced has been found to be independent of n, thereby confirming the dominant role of the Rashba field as the cause of the SOI.

The Live E! project is an open research consortium among industry and academia to explore the platform to share the digital information related with the Earth and our living environment. We have getting a lot of low cost sensor nodes with Internet connectivity. The deployment of broadband and ubiquitous networks will enable autonomous and global digital information sharing over the globe. In this paper, we describe the technical and operational overview of Live E! project, while discussing the objective, such as education, disaster protection/reduction/recovery or business cases, and goal of this project activity