Search

Introduction. Thrombosis diagnosis and prevention in patients with Polycythemia vera (PV) suffered an ischemic stroke (IS) are still open. The aim was to find the reasons for systemic thrombogenicity and to compare the applicability of the main scales assessing thrombosis risk in patients with PV suffered IS.Materials and methods. We followed up 127 people (42-75 y.o.), of which 68 were patients with PV suffered IS (group I) and 59 non-PV-patients with ischemic stroke (group II). Clinical study included common blood analysis, rheological properties of erythrocytes, coagulation and endothelial parameters, cytokines, inflammation markers, angiogenesis markers, and testing for the V617F mutation in the JAK2 gene. The follow up included common and neurological examinations as well, and the assesment of thrombosis risk factors with both Caprini scale and CHA2DS2-VASc scale. All patients were examined twice as in the acute period of IS as well as in 16-18 months.Results. Between the groups no significant differences were found for the NIHSS average score and for Bartel index as well.The Caprini score belonged to the “very high risk” (score > 6) in both groups in the acute period of IS. At the same time, the score “8-10 points” prevailed in group II (68%) whereas the score “11-12 points” prevailed in group I.In the acute time of IS the CHA2DS2-VASc score revealed 12% of patients from both groups who had a score of “3-4 points” (moderate risk of thrombosis).In group I thrombotic complications rate correlated significantly with the JAK2V617F gene allelicloading (r = 0.236; p < 0.05), and the development of recurrence cerebrovascular disorders correlated significantly with Caprini score (r = 0.241; p < 0.05), but not with CHA2DS2-VASc score.Aiming to predict thrombotic complications in PV-patients the threshold (cut off) points were established for those markers as factor VIII, factor VII, red blood cell deformability, thrombin activated fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), red blood cell count, white blood cell count, t-PA, VEGF-A, p-thrombomodulin, and ADAMTS-13.This pattern of parameters showed the odds ratio of thrombotic complications 10.3 (95% CI 7.6-13.8) in PV-patients in thelong-term period.At the end of the follow up the Caprini score showed a trend towards a decreasing in total while the CHA2DS2-VASc score remained virtually unchanged.Conclusion. We assume the accurate assessment of thrombotic risk in patients with Polycythemia vera suffered an ischemic stroke requires a proposed pattern of parameters including the test for JAK2V617F allelicloading and the calculation of Caprini score but not CHA2DS2-VASc score. Final results may provoke to change standard antithrombotic therapy in those patients towards its intensification due to pathogenetic featues of cancer-associated thrombosis.

History in Financial Times sheds light on the historiography of contemporary finance. But there is a tension in the book that is inescapable: between the production of crisis historiography, on the one hand, and the practice of the concept of crisis, on the other. There is, in other words, a barely articulated distinction between crisis as a “metahistorical force” and crisis as a “peculiar, naturalist” category.

Metazoans host complex communities of microorganisms that include dinoflagellates, fungi, bacteria, archaea and viruses. Interactions among members of these complex assemblages allow hosts to adjust their physiology and metabolism to cope with environmental variation and occupy different habitats. Here, using reciprocal transplantation across depths, we studied adaptive divergence in the corals Orbicella annularis and O. franksi, two young species with contrasting vertical distribution in the Caribbean. When transplanted from deep to shallow, O. franksi experienced fast photoacclimation and low mortality, and maintained a consistent bacterial community. By contrast, O. annularis experienced high mortality and limited photoacclimation when transplanted from shallow to deep. The photophysiological collapse of O. annularis in the deep environment was associated with an increased microbiome variability and reduction of some bacterial taxa. Differences in the symbiotic algal community were more pronounced between coral species than between depths. Our study suggests that these sibling species are adapted to distinctive light environments partially driven by the algae photoacclimation capacity and the microbiome robustness, highlighting the importance of niche specialization in symbiotic corals for the maintenance of species diversity. Our findings have implications for the management of these threatened Caribbean corals and the effectiveness of coral reef restoration efforts.

Background: Hippeastrum species have a wide range of biological properties. In Argentina, this genus comprises ten widely distributed species. Purpose: To evaluate the antiparasitic and anticholinesterase activities and chemical profiles of seven Argentinean Hippeastrum species and determine the synergism between the major isolated alkaloid—montanine—and benznidazole in anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity. Methods: The antiparasitic activity was evaluated through antiproliferative and viability assays against T. cruzi epimastigotes. Synergism assays were performed using the Chou–Talalay method. AChE and BuChE inhibitory activities were also assessed. The alkaloid composition was obtained using GC-MS analysis. Results: All extracts showed strong growth inhibition of T. cruzi epimastigote proliferation. The extracts from H. aglaiae, H. aulicum, and H. hybrid stand out for their potent and total growth inhibition, which was comparable to benznidazole. The H. reticulatum extract showed strong Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities, while five species showed moderate Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition. Fifteen alkaloids were identified by means of GC-MS. Regarding the synergism assessment, the highest synergistic effect was obtained from the combination of montanine and benznidazole. Conclusion: Hippeastrum species bulb extracts from Argentina were shown to be a good source of antiparasitic alkaloids and cholinesterase inhibitors. The synergism between montanine and benznidazole emerges as a potential combination for future studies to treat Chagas disease.

* Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PMH) is a rare vascular tumor that presents more frequently in young adults and has a male predominance. It is usually located in the superficial or deep soft tissues of the extremities, but concurrent bone involvement can be present. In approximately two-thirds of patients this disease is multifocal, often involving multiple tissue planes. It is a relapsing lesion with low metastatic potential. Given its clinical and morphologic characteristics (multifocality, epithelioid morphology, absence of clearly evident vascular differentiation on hematoxylin-eosin slides), PMH can be easily misinterpreted as other lesions, often with radically different treatment and prognosis. For this reason, we think it is important to recognize this entity, which has some unique features. Here, we will briefly describe the clinical and pathologic features of PMH, detailing its more relevant differential diagnoses. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020;144:529-533; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0395-RS), In 1992, Mirra et al (1) described a distinctive soft tissue tumor characterized by multifocal presentation in a single limb, often including osseous involvement, consisting of bland keratin-positive spindle cells [...]

White matter bundle segmentation using diffusion MRI fiber tractography has become the method of choice to identify white matter fiber pathways in vivo in human brains. However, like other analyses of complex data, there is considerable variability in segmentation protocols and techniques. This can result in different reconstructions of the same intended white matter pathways, which directly affects tractography results, quantification, and interpretation. In this study, we aim to evaluate and quantify the variability that arises from different protocols for bundle segmentation. Through an open call to users of fiber tractography, including anatomists, clinicians, and algorithm developers, 42 independent teams were given processed sets of human whole-brain streamlines and asked to segment 14 white matter fascicles on six subjects. In total, we received 57 different bundle segmentation protocols, which enabled detailed volume-based and streamline-based analyses of agreement and disagreement among protocols for each fiber pathway. Results show that even when given the exact same sets of underlying streamlines, the variability across protocols for bundle segmentation is greater than all other sources of variability in the virtual dissection process, including variability within protocols and variability across subjects. In order to foster the use of tractography bundle dissection in routine clinical settings, and as a fundamental analytical tool, future endeavors must aim to resolve and reduce this heterogeneity. Although external validation is needed to verify the anatomical accuracy of bundle dissections, reducing heterogeneity is a step towards reproducible research and may be achieved through the use of standard nomenclature and definitions of white matter bundles and well-chosen constraints and decisions in the dissection process.

Objetivo: desarrollar una máscara que sea reutilizable, esterilizable, fácil de usar y económica para reducir los riesgos de transmisión del COVID-19 durante los procedimientos endoscópicos endonasales. Métodos: modelo diseñado en Autodesk Fusion 360 y Meshmixer, construido con ácido poliláctico (PLA) utilizando una impresora 3D (PRUSA IK3 MK3s, Praga, República Checa) en el laboratorio de Anatomía de la Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia. Se ajustaron tres orificios a la mascarilla, uno para el tubo endotraqueal, otro más grande en el medio para la instrumentación quirúrgica que permite la adaptación de una membrana translúcida estéril y el superior para adaptar la punta de la succión y generar un ambiente de presión negativa dentro de la máscara. Se utilizó un colchón de silicona y tres puntos para sujetar tiras y crear un ajuste a la cabeza durante largos períodos sin causar lesiones en la piel. Se realizaron diferentes pruebas, incluida la verificación con luz ultravioleta de la propagación de la fluoresceína después de la perforación ósea, la esterilización química y por calor de la máscara, y la succión de los aerosoles producidos al fumar un cigarrillo electrónico. Ambiente: laboratorio experimental. Resultados: las pruebas demostraron una reducción del efecto aerosol y de la dispersión de las gotas cuando se usa la máscara ventilada. Se consiguió una excelente maniobrabilidad y libertad. Sin embargo, fue limitado en términos de visualización durante la entrada nasal de los instrumentos al cráneo. Conclusiones: los resultados preliminares muestran que esta máscara ventilada permite una barrera quirúrgica para disminuir la transmisión del SARS-COV-2 durante los procedimientos endoscópicos endonasales.

Cet article s’inscrit dans une série d’études consacrées aux débats présidentiels de l’entre-deux-tours en France. Le débat politique étant l’événement discursif le plus emblématique des démocraties modernes, nous visons ici à comparer deux cultures politiques, celle de la France avec celle de la Suède, à travers une analyse des confrontations à la veille des élections nationales des deux pays : Marine Le Pen et Emmanuel Macron en 2017 et Ulf Kristersson et Stefan Löfven en 2018. En raison des différences entre les systèmes politiques, les mentalités et les traditions socio-culturelles des deux pays, les modes discursifs des débats diffèrent de manière sensible ; on peut cependant affirmer que, dans chacun des débats, divers actes de langage sont mis en œuvre pour disqualifier l’adversaire, en particulier l’acte d’accusation. L’étude vise à décrire à quel degré et de quelle manière les candidats s’accusent l’un l’autre. Certaines accusations portent sur la mauvaise conduite conversationnelle de l’adversaire, tandis que d’autres constituent de véritables « mises à mort symbolique » de sa personne (Kerbrat-Orecchioni 2017). En nous référant à ce que Goffman (1955) appelle « face threatening acts », utilisés pour attaquer l’image sociale de l’autre dans une interaction, nous nous intéressons aux images socio-culturelles menacées dans les débats politiques.

The clinical case demonstrates inconsistencies between the results of thromboelastography and conventional coagulation lab tests at the early postoperative period of patient undergoing cardiosurgery. The analyzing of the revealed discrepancy proves that the opposition of laboratory methods as 'one against the other' for studying the hemostatic system is unacceptable.

The article examines the situation of international students living in Brisbane during COVID lockdowns, through a social justice lens. Despite the significant economic contribution of tertiary international students towards the Australian economy, they were excluded from government pandemic support. Help provided by other organisations was limited. International students felt undervalued and excluded, facing challenges due to their lack of income from part-time jobs, mental health issues, constraints in relation to home arrangements, online study, and lack of sense of belonging. Our findings further show that although place was a determinant in the wellbeing of students, social attachment (either spatially or a-spatially) was the most valued support to students. While there has been research on the needs of international students in Australia during lockdowns, no studies yet link these three variables: COVID lockdowns, their effects on international students left in Australia, and considerations of city scale, in a mutually influencing relationship. We followed a qualitative research design, using interviews and focus group discussions with international students and support providers in Brisbane during COVID times. We argue that both distributive and institutional dimensions of justice are important to understand the disadvantaged situation experienced by international students: the institutional COVID restrictions greatly affected students 'trapped' in the country, while there was a very limited distribution of resources that did not match the needs of students. We conclude with some recommendations as a result of our research. Practitioner pointers: During a global pandemic, government needs to ensure that all people stranded in the country, including international students, are entitled to the same financial assistance. International students should have been consulted about, and appropriately informed through effective ways of communication about the services provided to them during the pandemic. All levels of government and educational institutions dealing with international students, need to fully consult with students and listen to their concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food deprivation drives eating through multiple signals and circuits. Decreased glucose availability (i.e., cytoglucopenia) drives eating and also increases the value of sucrose. Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons (DANs) contribute to the evaluation of taste stimuli, but their role in integrating glucoprivic signals remains unknown. We monitored VTA DAN activity via Cre‐dependent expression of a calcium indicator with in vivo fibre photometry. In ad libitum fed rats, intraoral sucrose evoked a phasic increase in DAN activity. To manipulate glucose availability, we administered (intraperitoneal, lateral or fourth ventricular) the antiglycolytic agent 5‐thio‐D‐glucose (5TG), which significantly augmented the phasic DAN activity to sucrose. 5TG failed to alter DAN activity to water or saccharin, suggesting the response was selective for caloric stimuli. 5TG enhancement of sucrose‐evoked DAN activity was stronger after fourth ventricular administration, suggesting a critical node of action within the hindbrain. As 5TG also increases blood glucose, in a separate study, we used peripheral insulin, which stimulates eating, to decrease blood glucose—which was associated with increased DAN activity to intraoral sucrose. DAN activity developed to a cue predictive of intraoral sucrose. While 5TG augmented cue‐evoked DAN activity, its action was most potent when delivered to the lateral ventricle. Together, the studies point to central glucose availability as a key modulator of phasic DAN activity to food and food‐cues. As glucose sensing neurons are known to populate the hypothalamus and brainstem, results suggest differential modulation of cue‐evoked and sucrose‐evoked DAN activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The annual teaching oral‐systemic health (TOSH) virtual clinical simulation and case study activity exposes interprofessional teams of nurse practitioner, nurse midwifery, dental, medical, and pharmacy students to a virtual clinical simulation experience that uses oral‐systemic health as a clinical exemplar for promoting interprofessional core competencies. The present study examines changes in participating students' self‐reported interprofessional competencies following participation in virtual TOSH from 2020 to 2022. These findings are also compared to those from in‐person TOSH (2019) to examine the equivalence of student outcomes of both the in‐person and virtual programs. Methods: A pre‐ and post‐test evaluation design was used to examine the effectiveness of exposure to the TOSH program on self‐reported attainment of interprofessional competencies for participating students using the interprofessional collaborative competency attainment scale. Results: Analysis of pre‐ and post‐surveys demonstrated statistically significant improvement in students' self‐rated interprofessional experience competencies following the virtual TOSH program, which aligns with results from the in‐person cohorts. Similar findings between the in‐person and virtual cohorts indicated no statistically significant difference between the two formats. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the success of TOSH in promoting attainment of interprofessional competencies among future health professionals. We encourage administrators and faculty who lead health professional programs to take advantage of using virtual simulations as an integral component of interprofessional oral health clinical experiences where students from different health professions learn from and about each other in assessing and treating patients across the lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "double" issue of volume fourteen of The Journal of Early American History includes a special issue on the "Business of Empire in the Atlantic," with contributions from various scholars. The articles explore private initiatives, exploitative frameworks, and business practices in the Atlantic over two hundred and fifty years, emphasizing the development of hybrid forms of business. The issue also features research articles on topics such as smuggling in the Spanish Caribbean and the effects of Dutch legal and cultural practices on the Pilgrims in New England. The journal welcomes manuscript submissions related to early American history and includes reviews of recent books in the field. [Extracted from the article]