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202. Viral colonization in intubated patients: initial pathogen pattern and follow-up

Author

Hauptmeier, B. M., Borg, I., Rohde, G., Anders, A., Kronsbein, J., Gatermann, S., Bufe, A., Blum, T., Schultze Werninghaus, G., Bauer, T. T., Pulmonologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Chronic inflammatory disease and wasting

Subjects
MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS, INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT, NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS, CRITICALLY-ILL, BACTERIAL-COLONIZATION, respiratory pathogens, RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS, COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, ADULTS, colonization, intubation, PROSPECTIVE COHORT, respiratory viruses, RISK-FACTORS, ventilator associated pneumonia
Abstract

Introduction: Colonization of the lower respiratory tract is an independent risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Little is known about the frequency of viral colonization on intubation and during mechanical ventilation. Methods: Overall, 65 eligible intubated patients with no initial signs of pulmonary infection were studied over a period of up to 7 days. Tracheobronchial aspirates were taken: (i) within 48 h after intubation; and (ii) when clinical signs of nosocomial tracheobronchitis were present, before extubation, or after 7 days. Presence of respiratory viruses was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Patients were 67 +/- 11 years old and had been in hospital for 5.1 +/- 8.4 days when intubated (major cause for intubation: cardio-pulmonary resuscitation 25/65, 38%). The average Acute Physiology and Chronic Evaluation II score was 27.3 +/- 4.9. Microbiology detected Candida spp. (17/65; 26%) and Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin sensitive: 11/65; 17%; methicillin resistant: 3/65; 5%) and only few respiratory viruses (4/65, 6%). Thirty-eight percent of the samples (25/65) were sterile. At the given endpoints, 27/65 (42%) patients were available for follow-up and only one aspirate became positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Conclusions: After endotracheal intubation, fungi, but not viruses were most frequently isolated. Only one patient acquired RSV, therefore colonization with respiratory viruses does not seem to play a major role early after intubation. Please cite this paper as: Hauptmeier BM, Borg I, Rohde G, Anders A, Kronsbein J, Gatermann S, Bufe A, Blum T, Schultze-Werninghaus G and Bauer TT. Viral colonization in intubated patients: initial pathogen pattern and follow-up. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2010; 4: 139-146.

Published
2010

203. Vitamin C and E supplementation blunts increases in total lean body mass in elderly men after strength training

Author

Bjørnsen, T., primary, Salvesen, S., additional, Berntsen, S., additional, Hetlelid, K. J., additional, Stea, T. H., additional, Lohne‐Seiler, H., additional, Rohde, G., additional, Haraldstad, K., additional, Raastad, T., additional, Køpp, U., additional, Haugeberg, G., additional, Mansoor, M. A., additional, Bastani, N. E., additional, Blomhoff, R., additional, Stølevik, S. B., additional, Seynnes, O. R., additional, and Paulsen, G., additional

Published
2015
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208. Die Rolle von Viren bei tiefen Atemwegsinfektionen des Erwachsenen. Teil 2: Akute Bronchitis, exazerbierte COPD, Pneumonie und Influenza

Author

Ott, S. R., Rohde, G., Lepper, P. M., Hauptmeier, B., Bals, R., Pletz, M.W., Schumann, C., Steininger, C., Kleines, M., Geerdes Fenge, H., Pulmonologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Chronic inflammatory disease and wasting

Subjects
respiratory tract diseases
Abstract

In industrialized countries respiratory tract infections are one of the most common reasons for medical consultations. It is assumed that almost one third of these infections affect the lower respiratory tract (LRTI), e. g. acute bronchitis, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), community- or hospital-acquired pneumonia and influenza. Due to a lack of sufficient and valid investigations on the epidemiology of respiratory viruses, their impact on the pathogenesis of LRTI has probably been underestimated for a long time. Therefore, there might have been many cases of needless antibiotic treatment, particularly in cases of acute bronchitis or acute exacerbations of COPD, because of an assumed bacteriological aetiology. Following the introduction of diagnostic procedures with increased sensitivity, such as polymerase chain reaction, it is possible to reliably detect respiratory viruses and to illuminate their role in the pathogenesis of LRTI of the adult. We have reviewed the current literature to elucidate the role of viruses in the pathogenesis of LRTI. The first part of this series described frequent viral pathogens, pathogenesis of viral LRTI, and diagnostic procedures. In this 2 (nd) part the aetiological role of viruses in the most frequent forms of LRTI will be highlighted, and the third and last part will provide an overview of therapeutic and preventive options.

Published
2010

209. TB or not TB: Update from the ERS respiratory infection assembly 10

Author

Miravitlles, M. Ferrara, G. Lange, C. Dimopoulos, G. Rohde, G. Blasi, F. Migliori, G.B.

Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis represent some of the top health priorities in Europe. In the present report, the most recent advances in the field of disease control, clinical research and basic science of lower respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis are presented through analysis of some of the best abstracts presented at the 19th European Respiratory Society Congress in Vienna (Austria). Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prognostic factors and novel diagnostic techniques relevant for bacterial and viral infections, as well as new tools for the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis in different sub-groups of patients, are discussed. The growing epidemiological threat represented by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis cases is presented and its impact analysed. Copyright©ERS 2010.

Published
2010

210. Management der Influenza A/H1N1 - Pandemie im Krankenhaus: Update Januar 2010. Eine Stellungnahme der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin

Author

Schaberg, T., Bauer, T., Dalhoff, K., Ewig, S., Kohler, D., Lorenz, J., Rohde, G., Pletz, M.W., Rosseau, S., Schaaf, B., Suttorp, N., Welte, T., Haas, W., Reuss, A., Pulmonologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Chronic inflammatory disease and wasting

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

This update summarized the hospital experience from the first wave of the new influenza A/H1/N1 pandemic.

Published
2010

214. Mechanisms of virus-induced asthma exacerbations: State-of-the-art. A GA2LEN and InterAirways document

Author

Papadopoulos, N.G. Xepapadaki, P. Mallia, P. Brusselle, G. Watelet, J.-B. Xatzipsalti, M. Foteinos, G. Van Drunen, C.M. Fokkens, W.J. D'Ambrosio, C. Bonini, S. Bossios, A. Lötval, J. Van Cauwenberge, P. Holgate, S.T. Canonica, G.W. Szczeklik, A. Rohde, G. Kimpen, J. Pitkäranta, A. Mäkelä, M. Chanez, P. Ring, J. Johnston, S.L.

Subjects
respiratory system, respiratory tract diseases
Abstract

Viral infections of the respiratory tract are the most common precipitants of acute asthma exacerbations. Exacerbations are only poorly responsive to current asthma therapies and new approaches to therapy are needed. Viruses, most frequently human rhinoviruses (RV), infect the airway epithelium, generate local and systemic immune responses, as well as neural responses, inducing inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Using in vitro and in vivo experimental models the role of various proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators, antiviral responses and molecular pathways that lead from infection to symptoms has been partly unravelled. In particular, mechanisms of susceptibility to viral infection have been identified and the bronchial epithelium appeared to be a key player. Nevertheless, additional understanding of the integration between the diverse elements of the antiviral response, especially in the context of allergic airway inflammation, as well as the interactions between viral infections and other stimuli that affect airway inflammation and responsiveness may lead to novel strategies in treating and/or preventing asthma exacerbations. This review presents the current knowledge and highlights areas in need of further research. © 2007 The Authors.

Published
2007

218. Evaluation of a real-time polymerase-chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus in patients with hospitalised exacerbation of COPD

Author

Rohde G, Borg I, Arinir U, Albrecht Bufe, Dorsten C, Schultze-Werninghaus G, and Tt, Bauer

Subjects
Male, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Humans, RNA, Viral, Reproducibility of Results, Female, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Sensitivity and Specificity, Aged
Abstract

One year after the first outbreak infections with SARS associated coronavirus were again reported and the clinical picture varied. Because health care facilities will have to initiate immediate preventive action in cases of probable SARS we tested the potential of PCR to exclude SARS associated coronavirus in patients hospitalized with respiratory symptoms. Based on primers published recently a real time Taqman PCR was established and evaluated. Lower respiratory tract specimens of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were investigated. 141 patients with mild to moderate COPD were included. The assay was specific, sensitive, precise and reproducible and allowed absolute quantification without cross-reactivity to other respiratory viruses. None of the samples were positive for SARS associated coronavirus. Our RT-PCR for SARS associated coronavirus is a valid and practicable method to further exclude SARS in X-ray negative patients with respiratory symptoms, even in the presence of other respiratory RNA viruses.

Published
2005

220. "Education is the passport to the future": enabling today's medical teachers to prepare tomorrow's respiratory health practitioners

Author

Mitchell, S., primary, Bloch, K. E., additional, Butiene, I., additional, Cooper, B. G., additional, Steenbruggen, I., additional, Hare, A., additional, Kostikas, K., additional, Adcock, I. M., additional, Paton, J., additional, Fletcher, M., additional, Stevenson, R., additional, Rohde, G., additional, and Simonds, A. K., additional

Published
2014
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221. Defining a training framework for clinicians in respiratory critical care

Author

Artigas, A., primary, Noel, J.-L., additional, Brochard, L., additional, Busari, J. O., additional, Dellweg, D., additional, Ferrer, M., additional, Geiseler, J., additional, Larsson, A., additional, Nava, S., additional, Navalesi, P., additional, Orfanos, S., additional, Palange, P., additional, Pelosi, P., additional, Rohde, G., additional, Schoenhofer, B., additional, Vassilakopoulos, T., additional, and Simonds, A. K., additional

Published
2014
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222. Ultrafast Modulation of the Chemical Potential inBaFe2As2by Coherent Phonons

Author

Yang, L. X., primary, Rohde, G., additional, Rohwer, T., additional, Stange, A., additional, Hanff, K., additional, Sohrt, C., additional, Rettig, L., additional, Cortés, R., additional, Chen, F., additional, Feng, D. L., additional, Wolf, T., additional, Kamble, B., additional, Eremin, I., additional, Popmintchev, T., additional, Murnane, M. M., additional, Kapteyn, H. C., additional, Kipp, L., additional, Fink, J., additional, Bauer, M., additional, Bovensiepen, U., additional, and Rossnagel, K., additional

Published
2014
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224. Respiratory Critical Care HERMES: European curriculum recommendations

Author

Artigas, A., primary, Noel, J.-L., additional, Brochard, L., additional, Busari, J. O., additional, Dellweg, D., additional, Ferrer, M., additional, Geiseler, J., additional, Larsson, A., additional, Nava, S., additional, Navalesi, P., additional, Orfanos, S., additional, Palange, P., additional, Pelosi, P., additional, Rohde, G., additional, Schoenhofer, B., additional, Vassilakopoulos, T., additional, and Simonds, A. K., additional

Published
2014
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226. Estimating Microtubule Distributions from 2D Immunofluorescence Microscopy Images Reveals Differences among Human Cultured Cell Lines

Author

Li, J., Shariff, A., Wiking, Mikaela, Lundberg, Emma, Rohde, G. K., Murphy, R. F., Li, J., Shariff, A., Wiking, Mikaela, Lundberg, Emma, Rohde, G. K., and Murphy, R. F.

Abstract

Microtubules are filamentous structures that are involved in several important cellular processes, including cell division, cellular structure and mechanics, and intracellular transportation. Little is known about potential differences in microtubule distributions within and across cell lines. Here we describe a method to estimate information pertaining to 3D microtubule distributions from 2D fluorescence images. Our method allows for quantitative comparisons of microtubule distribution parameters (number of microtubules, mean length) between different cell lines. Among eleven cell lines compared, some showed differences that could be accounted for by differences in the total amount of tubulin per cell while others showed statistically significant differences in the balance between number and length of microtubules. We also observed that some cell lines that visually appear different in their microtubule distributions are quite similar when the model parameters are considered. The method is expected to be generally useful for comparing microtubule distributions between cell lines and for a given cell line after various perturbations. The results are also expected to enable analysis of the differences in gene expression underlying the observed differences in microtubule distributions among cell types., QC 20130111

Published
2012
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228. Adrenomedullin refines mortality prediction by the BODE index in COPD: the "BODE-A" index

Author

Stolz, D., primary, Kostikas, K., additional, Blasi, F., additional, Boersma, W., additional, Milenkovic, B., additional, Lacoma, A., additional, Louis, R., additional, Aerts, J. G., additional, Welte, T., additional, Torres, A., additional, Rohde, G. G. U., additional, Boeck, L., additional, Rakic, J., additional, Scherr, A., additional, Hertel, S., additional, Giersdorf, S., additional, and Tamm, M., additional

Published
2013
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231. Vitamin C and E supplementation blunts increases in total lean body mass in elderly men after strength training.

Author

Bjørnsen, T., Salvesen, S., Berntsen, S., Hetlelid, K. J., Stea, T. H., Lohne‐Seiler, H., Rohde, G., Haraldstad, K., Raastad, T., Køpp, U., Haugeberg, G., Mansoor, M. A., Bastani, N. E., Blomhoff, R., Stølevik, S. B., Seynnes, O. R., and Paulsen, G.

Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of vitamin C, THERAPEUTIC use of vitamin E, ACCELEROMETERS, PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation, BODY composition, CONFIDENCE intervals, DIETARY supplements, MUSCLE strength, HEALTH outcome assessment, PLACEBOS, PROBABILITY theory, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICS, VITAMIN C, SAMPLE size (Statistics), DATA analysis, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, TREATMENT effectiveness, BLIND experiment, FOOD diaries, LEAN body mass, DATA analysis software, SKELETAL muscle, PHOTON absorptiometry, RESISTANCE training, MANN Whitney U Test, MIDDLE age, OLD age
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on changes in muscle mass (lean mass and muscle thickness) and strength during 12 weeks of strength training in elderly men. Thirty-four elderly males (60-81 years) were randomized to either an antioxidant group (500 mg of vitamin C and 117.5 mg vitamin E before and after training) or a placebo group following the same strength training program (three sessions per week). Body composition was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and muscle thickness by ultrasound imaging. Muscle strength was measured as one-repetition maximum (1 RM). Total lean mass increased by 3.9% (95% confidence intervals: 3.0, 5.2) and 1.4% (0, 5.4) in the placebo and antioxidant groups, respectively, revealing larger gains in the placebo group ( P = 0.04). Similarly, the thickness of m. rectus femoris increased more in the placebo group [16.2% (12.8, 24.1)] than in the antioxidant group [10.9% (9.8, 13.5); P = 0.01]. Increases of lean mass in trunk and arms, and muscle thickness of elbow flexors, did not differ significantly between groups. With no group differences, 1RM improved in the range of 15-21% ( P < 0.001). In conclusion, high-dosage vitamin C and E supplementation blunted certain muscular adaptations to strength training in elderly men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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232. Epidemiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie erwachsener Patienten mit nosokomialer Pneumonie

Author

Dalhoff, K., additional, Abele-Horn, M., additional, Andreas, S., additional, Bauer, T., additional, von Baum, H., additional, Deja, M., additional, Ewig, S., additional, Gastmeier, P., additional, Gatermann, S., additional, Gerlach, H., additional, Grabein, B., additional, Höffken, G., additional, Kern, W., additional, Kramme, E., additional, Lange, C., additional, Lorenz, J., additional, Mayer, K., additional, Nachtigall, I., additional, Pletz, M., additional, Rohde, G., additional, Rosseau, S., additional, Schaaf, B., additional, Schaumann, R., additional, Schreiter, D., additional, Schütte, H., additional, Seifert, H., additional, Sitter, H., additional, Spies, C., additional, and Welte, T., additional

Published
2012
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233. Intensity Analysis of Recurrence Plots for the Detection of Deterministic Signals in Noise

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC OPTICAL SCIENCES DIV, Dissinger, Bryan M., Nichols, J. M., Rohde, G. K., Rhodes, R .B., Bucholtz, F., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC OPTICAL SCIENCES DIV, Dissinger, Bryan M., Nichols, J. M., Rohde, G. K., Rhodes, R .B., and Bucholtz, F.

Abstract

This report describes a new method for the detection of deterministic signals in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise. The new method, based on recurrence plots, relies on a sliding-window technique combined with histogram analysis. Performance of the new approach is quantified in terms of receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves. The report also provides background information on recurrence plots and ROC curves necessary to understand the new approach., The original document contains color images.

Published
2006

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