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210. Design of an ech system for a small modular stellarator.

Author

Mora, H.T., Vargas, V.I., Tallents, S., Rivas, L., Chacon, D., Chacon, J., Fatjo, S., Jimenez, J., Villegas, L.F., Mora, J., Asenjo, J., Carranza, J.M., Cerdas, F., Barillas, L., Monge, J.I., Morera, J., Peraza, H., Rojas, C., Sanchez, G., and Sandoval, M.

Published
2011
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214. Epidemiología de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal crónica en cinco áreas de Asturias: España

Author

Saro Gismera, C., primary, Riestra Menéndez, S., additional, Sánchez Fernández, R., additional, Milla Crespo, A., additional, Lacort Fernández, M., additional, Argüelles Fernández, G., additional, Chobak, Z., additional, Florido Mancheño, J. I., additional, Antón Magarzo, J. L., additional, Altadill Arregui, A., additional, Vizoso, F., additional, Pineda García, E., additional, Fernández de Ocariz Archs, E., additional, Albert Colomer, J., additional, García Pérez, J., additional, López Rivas, L., additional, and Lombraña, J. L. S., additional

Published
2003
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216. Incidencia y prevalencia en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal crónica: Estudio asturiano en cinco áreas (EIICEA). España

Author

Saro Gismera, C., primary, Riestra Menéndez, S., additional, Milla Crespo, A., additional, Sánchez Fernández, R., additional, Lacort Fernández, M., additional, Argüelles Fernández, G., additional, Chovac, Z., additional, Florido Mancheño, J.I., additional, Antón Magarzo, J.L., additional, Altadill Arregui, A., additional, Vizoso, F., additional, Pineda García, E., additional, Fernández de Ocariz Archs, E., additional, Albert Colomer, J., additional, García Pérez, J., additional, López Rivas, L., additional, and S. Lombraña, J.L., additional

Published
2003
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224. Localization of specific erythropoietin binding sites in defined areas of the mouse brain.

Author

Digicaylioglu, M, Bichet, S, Marti, H H, Wenger, R H, Rivas, L A, Bauer, C, Gassmann, M, Digicaylioglu, M, Bichet, S, Marti, H H, Wenger, R H, Rivas, L A, Bauer, C, and Gassmann, M

Abstract

The main physiological regulator of erythropoiesis is the hematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin (EPO), which is induced in response to hypoxia. Binding of EPO to the EPO receptor (EPO-R), a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily, controls the terminal maturation of red blood cells. So far, EPO has been reported to act mainly on erythroid precursor cells. However, we have detected mRNA encoding both EPO and EPO-R in mouse brain by reverse transcription-PCR. Exposure to 0.1% carbon monoxide, a procedure that causes functional anemia, resulted in a 20-fold increase of EPO mRNA in mouse brain as quantified by competitive reverse transcription-PCR, whereas the EPO-R mRNA level was not influenced by hypoxia. Binding studies on mouse brain sections revealed defined binding sites for radioiodinated EPO in distinct brain areas. The specificity of EPO binding was assessed by homologous competition with an excess of unlabeled EPO and by using two monoclonal antibodies against human EPO, one inhibitory and the other noninhibitory for binding of EPO to EPO-R. Major EPO binding sites were observed in the hippocampus, capsula interna, cortex, and midbrain areas. Functional expression of the EPO-R and hypoxic upregulation of EPO suggest a role of EPO in the brain.

Published
1995

225. Genomic Appraisal of the Multifactorial Basis for In VitroAcquisition of Miltefosine Resistance in Leishmania donovani

Author

Vacchina, P., Norris-Mullins, B., Abengózar, M. A., Viamontes, C. G., Sarro, J., Stephens, M. T., Pfrender, M. E., Rivas, L., and Morales, M. A.

Abstract

ABSTRACTProtozoan parasites of the Leishmania donovanicomplex are the causative agents of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the most severe form of leishmaniasis, with high rates of mortality if left untreated. Leishmaniaparasites are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae), and approximately 500,000 new cases of VL are reported each year. In the absence of a safe human vaccine, chemotherapy, along with vector control, is the sole tool with which to fight the disease. Miltefosine (hexadecylphosphatidylcholine [HePC]), an antitumoral drug, is the only successful oral treatment for VL. In the current study, we describe the phenotypic traits of L. donovaniclonal lines that have acquired resistance to HePC. We performed whole-genome and RNA sequencing of these resistant lines to provide an inclusive overview of the multifactorial acquisition of experimental HePC resistance, circumventing the challenge of identifying changes in membrane-bound proteins faced by proteomics. This analysis was complemented by assessment of the in vitroinfectivity of HePC-resistant parasites. Our work underscores the importance of complementary “omics” to acquire the most comprehensive insight for multifaceted processes, such as HePC resistance.

Published
2016
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230. Deep subsurface sulfate reduction and methanogenesis in the Iberian Pyrite Belt revealed through geochemistry and molecular biomarkers.

Author

Puente‐Sánchez, F., Moreno‐Paz, M., Rivas, L. A., Cruz‐Gil, P., García‐Villadangos, M., Gómez, M. J., Postigo, M., Garrido, P., González‐Toril, E., Briones, C., Fernández‐Remolar, D., Stoker, C., Amils, R., and Parro, V.

Subjects
PYRITES, SULFATE-reducing bacteria, BIOMARKERS, GEOCHEMISTRY, OXIDATION, METHANE
Abstract

The Iberian Pyrite Belt ( IPB, southwest of Spain), the largest known massive sulfide deposit, fuels a rich chemolithotrophic microbial community in the Río Tinto area. However, the geomicrobiology of its deep subsurface is still unexplored. Herein, we report on the geochemistry and prokaryotic diversity in the subsurface (down to a depth of 166 m) of the Iberian Pyritic belt using an array of geochemical and complementary molecular ecology techniques. Using an antibody microarray, we detected polymeric biomarkers (lipoteichoic acids and peptidoglycan) from Gram-positive bacteria throughout the borehole. DNA microarray hybridization confirmed the presence of members of methane oxidizers, sulfate-reducers, metal and sulfur oxidizers, and methanogenic Euryarchaeota. DNA sequences from denitrifying and hydrogenotrophic bacteria were also identified. FISH hybridization revealed live bacterial clusters associated with microniches on mineral surfaces. These results, together with measures of the geochemical parameters in the borehole, allowed us to create a preliminary scheme of the biogeochemical processes that could be operating in the deep subsurface of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, including microbial metabolisms such as sulfate reduction, methanogenesis and anaerobic methane oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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248. Physical test for distant metastases in patients with breast cancer.

Author

Coombes, R C, Powles, T J, Abbott, M, De Rivas, L, Ford, H T, McCready, V R, Neville, A M, and Gazet, J C

Abstract

Of 312 patients presenting with breast cancer to a single clinic, 297 were screened for metastases in skin and nodes, bone, marrow, liver and lungs, using standard clinical, radiological scanning and cytological techniques. Thirty-four patients were found to have overt metastatic disease using these tests. Metastases were demonstrable on chest X-ray in 6.1% of the entire group of patients, on the bone scan in 4.2%, liver scan in 1.5%, liver ultrasound in 1.2% and in the bone marrow in only a single patient; 3.8% had contralateral or supraclavicular lymph node metastases or skin metastases. Twenty-eight of these 34 patients (82%) with overt metastases would have been classed as metastatic had only chest X-ray and clinical examination been carried out.A survey was then carried out to determine when tests for bone and liver metastases became abnormal. Bone scan and skeletal survey results were reviewed in 58 patients, 22 of whom had developed skeletal metastases and all of whom had regular skeletal scintigraphy carried out. Sixteen of 20 (80%) scans carried out within six months of the development of skeletal deposits were abnormal compared with 4 of 19 (21%) scans at the same follow-up time in those who failed to develop metastases, but few patients showed definite evidence of bone metastases on scanning prior to radiological metastases. Fifty-one patients who were found to have liver metastases at post-mortem were reviewed and most showed progressively rising alkaline phosphatase before death but only 11 of 57 (19.2%) and 14 of 50 (28%) had positive liver scintiscans and liver ultrasound examinations respectively from 3-12 months before death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1980

250. EARLY ADOPTION OF THE TROPICAL FORAGE LEGUME <e1>ARACHIS PINTOI</e1> IN HUETAR NORTE, COSTA RICA

Author

WÜNSCHER, T., SCHULTZE-KRAFT, R., PETERS, M., and RIVAS, L.

Abstract

The legume Arachis pintoi has a number of characteristics which enable it to make a valuable contribution to the development of sustainable and productive pastures in the tropics. It was introduced to Costa Rica for this reason, in 1987. The objective of this study was to analyse the adoption of A. pintoi as a forage legume in Huetar Norte, a region in the north of Costa Rica. The adoption process was analysed to identify the contributory factors and to make recommendations for measures which could be taken to promote the process. To collect the data, 115 randomly selected livestock holders and an additional 34 farmers known to have planted A. pintoi were interviewed. Farmers see improved pastures to be the most important technology to enhance forage and cattle production. It was confirmed that A. pintoi is a potential improved pasture alternative. Although A. pintoi was well known, the adoption rate was low. Lack of availability of seed, technical assistance and information about the use and management of A. pintoi hinder adoption. Difficulties in establishment and maintenance were also recorded.

Published
2004

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