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This article describes an outreach program that involves mental health professionals in college campus discipline. Through emphasis on preventive consultation to residence hall staff before any disciplinary problems occur, the conflicts of interest inherent in a reactive, after-the-fact involvement are avoided. The acquisition of discipline as an age-appropriate developmental task is discussed and suggestions provided as to the most efficient ways mental health consultants can facilitate this growth and maturation. Common problem areas are discussed and solutions are suggested.

This article emphasizes the responsibility for residence hall staff to understand the grief process. An adaptation of Kubler-Ross’s stages of death has produced helpful techniques for successfully accepting the death. This article illustrates that there is a normal grief process of which staff need to be aware. Through understanding these principles, staff can become aware of the grief process and can assist residents in achieving a new normal life without a significant other.

Occurrence sampling was used in the main production area of a university residence hall foodservice to measure and analyze work functions involved in entree production and to determine time requirements for entree categories. Sixteen entrees were investigated: seven single-item, six combination, and three roast. Data collection took place in a period of 5 days over a 2-week span. A total of 3,891 observations was recorded during 297 labor hours. Results of the study indicated 59.2% of the total labor time was spent in direct work, 23.3% in indirect work, and 17.5% in delays. The preparation work function represented the highest proportion of labor time for both single-item and roast entrees, but prepreparation consumed the greatest amount of time for combination entrees. Mean labor minutes per serving for the 16 entrees were 0.9, with a range of 0.4 to 3.5. Mean labor minutes per serving for combination entrees were 1.4, which was the highest among the three groups; range was from 0.4 to 3.5 minutes per serving. For single item entrees, mean minutes per serving were 0.6, with a range of 0.4 to 0.8. Roast entrees, had a mean time requirement per serving of 0.5 minute, with a range of 0.4 to 0.6.

The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator and another instrument, which tests assertive, nonassertive, or hostile responses to describe residence hall disciplinary situations, were administered to 48 residence hall personnel at Baylor University. Using chi-square, it was found that individuals whose Myers-Briggs results identified them as having an extroverted orientation, a preference for gathering information through sensory modalities rather than using intuition and insight, and a tendency to process information logically without applying subjective values chose significantly more nonassertive responses than was expected by chance. Discussion of the choice-making behavior of this group as well as that of other groups that were less nonassertive is followed by implications for student personnel administrators.

Residence educators have demonstrated only a cursory regard for the complex interactions between students and the residence hall environment. This imbalance in our approach to residence education has created provocative challenges for the field.

(1987). In-Service Training on Dying and Death for Residence Hall Staff. NASPA Journal: Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 126-129.

User evaluations are compared with designer intentions for two college dormitory lounges at a large Mid-Western University. With the willing cooperation of the campus interior design offices, floor plans and design specifications for two lounges of contrasting design were evaluated through participant observation and interview of users and dormitory staff Results of the study were made available to the campus design office for their future use, thereby providing a direct feedback to an on-going design process.Both design and non-design factors were evaluated as sources of user satisfaction. Users were identified as both the resident student population as well as the management staff. Design factors evaluated included furniture design, comfort and layout; overall aesthetics; lighting adequacy by task; security; and maintenance and durability. Non-design factors included maintenance practices, management regulations, and changes in intended use of the space over time. Inclusion of non-design factors as part...

Labor is an important factor in foodservice costs. In this study, salad preparation—an important component in food production operations—was studied to learn the relationship between quantity and labor time.

Measurement of dietary intake is complicated by various factors which make accuracy measurement difficult when the usual dietary intake is maintained. A method used recently by the authors to measure food intakes of subjects in a university residence hall dining room is described. The time costs of this method are shown to be similar to those of metabolic laboratory studies. The advantages of using the dining hall method are reduced financial costs and minimal disrup tion of subject's food habits. The need for an accurate but valid measure of food intake as a dependent variable in an experimental situation was met by the dining hall method.

The social environments of residence halls and independent off-campus living settings (such as apartments and houses) were compared. The off-campus settings had as much emphasis on cohesion and emotional support, and had more emphasis on independence, academic achievement, and the enhancement of intellectual and cultural pursuits. Despite these differences, students who stayed in residence halls throughout their four years of college, as compared to those who moved into independent housing, had higher educational aspirations and performed better academically, although they were somewhat more conservative and traditional (higher religious concern, more participation in campus activities, less alcohol consumption and impulse expression). Additional analyses indicated that college living settings influence differential student change and that some of their “effects” occur because students tend to select and create settings which help them to maintain their preferred personal characteristics.

This study was designed to determine student perceptions of dormitory suites which were introduced into the residence hall system at a large midwestern university in 1977. The suites were planned to accommodate the demand for residence hall living space for an increasing number of single undergraduate students at a time when new dormitory construction was unfeasible.Initially, a qualitative, exploratory interview approach was used with a small group of dormitory residents to identify their likes and dislikes regarding the general residence hall!environment. In addition, their reactions to floor plans for the proposed suite arrangements were categorized and analyzed. When the dormitory suites were occupied for the first time in the fall of 1977, the qualitative, exploratory interviews were again conducted to identify resident’s perceptions of the suites and set the dimensions for a questionnaire to be used in the quantitative phase of the study. The questionnaires followed the categories which had been ide...

Competent staff are vital in achieving the goals of residential education. To get good staff, administrators must learn how to wisely choose among applicants.

The function of popular music has not received much notice from sociologists, who perversely have spent more time assessing the impact of television despite the fact that many people from the ages of ten to twenty-five are more heavily exposed to radio and records. For many people in this age group, popular music provides a sense of change, as records and styles replace each other in the instant history of the hit parades. At any time in tl:is history, each listener has a few records that enrich his feelings, extend his sense of love or despair, and feed his fantasies or fire some real relationship ... Absorbir:g this music wimout necessarily thinking much about it, the generations of popular music audiences since 1956 have formed quite different sensibilities from the preceding generations which were raised on sentiment and melodrama. -Charlie Gillett, The Sound of the City, 1970.

(1985). Academic Achievement of Freshmen as a Function of Residence Hall Housing. NASPA Journal: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 22-28.

Objectives of this study were to analyze work functions in a vegetable pre-preparation unit of a large residence hall foodservice using occurrence sampling and to determine cleaning times for selected vegetables. Data were collected in the early spring for 14 consecutive days. Total hours worked were 349.5; 2,174 observations were recorded. Percentage labor time and minutes expended were calculated for cleaning selected vegetables. Average cleaning times were established for minutes per pound and purchase unit for carrots, celery, head lettuce, leaf lettuce, yellow onions, and red and white potatoes.

(1973). A Model for Developing New Residence Hall Environments. NASPA Journal: Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 243-254.

Male and female residence-hall and commuter freshman students were compared on the basis of their expressed personal problems, study habits, and reading skills. The two groups of commuters had a significantly greater number of problems than the two groups of residence-hall students on the Mooney Problem Check Lists sub-areas: Finances, Living Conditions, and Employment; and Home and Family. The two groups of commuters had significantly lower scores than the residence-hall students on the Cooperative English Test—Reading Comprehension (Coop): Vocabulary. There were no significant differences between the commuter and the residence-hall students in regard to (a) their Cooperative sub-scores: Level of Comprehension and Speed of Comprehension, (b) their scores on the Brown-Holtzman Survey of Study Habits and Attitudes, (c) the number of students who worked for pay or participated in extracurricular activities, and (d) the number of students who desired to talk with a counselor about a personal, educational, or vocational problem.

Inasmuch as undergraduate residence hall assistants are being called upon more frequently to counsel students in social-personal problems and little training specific to this function has been given in the past, there is a need to develop an effective but brief training program leading to increased counseling effectiveness. Six hours of specialized training which focused on counselor accurate empathy enabled eight randomly chosen undergraduate resident assistants to increase their levels of accurate empathy significantly higher than a matched control group which received no training. In addition, the experimental Ss also demonstrated somewhat higher levels of counselor warmth.

response conditions. This function is easily executed through the M.A.D. system. Although the M.A.D. system is not designed to replace the language laboratory, in many ways it can serve effectively as an extension of the laboratory, thus easing the task of scheduling students. This one function in itself is of great importance, since laboratory time and space are frequently at a premium. Also, it is no longer necessary for every student to travel the distance evenings from residence hall to language laboratory to complete assignments. In order to program Basic Foreign Language for the M.A.D. system it is necessary for the foreign language multiple-section classes to coordinate with the M.A.D. system in the same manner as they ordinarily do with the laboratory, making use of the same materials and assignments. The materials used are primarily commercial tapes. Instructors decide approximately one semester in advance how they want their tape material organized and distributed for one semester of instruction via M.A.D. The material is placed on 15" reels, each one of which represents three hours of play, and carries the material for one week of laboratory instruction.

The objective of this investigation was to observe differences in student opinions about residence hall counselors, the interrelations between opinions, and the relationship to opinions of background and personal characteristics of residents. Student opinions were measured on the following four sections of the Residence Counselor Survey: (1) topics for discussion with a competent counselor; (2) semantic differential evaluating the concept, “Residence Counselor”; (3) satisfaction with residence counseling; and (4) descriptions of present residence counselors. Data was obtained from 749 residents of halls on the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul campuses. The findings indicated that lower division students were more willing than upper division ones to have discussions with a competent counselor about a large number of topics, were more satisfied with residence counseling, and were more positive about the concept of a residence counselor. Female students were more positive about the c...

Two studies are reported which are concerned with the program of counseling in the women's residence halls of the University of Illinois. The first study demonstrated the inadequacy of the MMPI as a selection instrument for graduate assistants (G.A.'s) serving as residence hall counselors. The second study demonstrated: that students, G.A.'s, head residents, deans, and professional psychologists differ significantly in their definition of the G.A.'s function; that they differ less in defining the attributes of an ideal G.A.; that head residents and students do not differ significantly in their rating of a real G.A.; that the less experienced and the less able students ask more of a G.A. and value her more highly; that the program is functioning well as judged by student endorsement; and that neither the Strong, the Edwards, nor the CPI discriminate between the better and poorer G.A.'s. The data also suggest caution in generalizing results from one institution to another.

Eighty-six residence hall upperclassmen and one hundred fraternity upperclassmen were compared in the areas of college ability, achievement, and attitudes; values utilizing college records, and the College Student Questionnaire. Findings revealed significant differences for the residence hall group in the areas of social conscience, satisfaction with major, and peer independence (p < .05) and for the fraternity sample in the area of extracurricular involvement (p < .01). No significant differences were found in either college ability or achievement. Analysis of other demographic data revealed significant differences in the areas of dating behavior and financial support. Findings indicate no lasting effect on overall college achievement by fraternities and cast some doubt on their selection procedures. Attraction of fraternity members who possess a strong need to belong and pressures for conformity in choice of majors by the fraternities was also in evidence.

Because most institutions are experiencing student migration from residence halls, the educational function of the halls is being promoted, resulting in numerous variations in design and staff organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the merits of one of these variations—the all-freshman women's residence hall. Freshman women in three types of halls (all-freshman women, all-undergraduate women, and coeducational) were compared on the basis of academic achievement, attitudes about the campus environment, and conduct. Results indicated that on those factors, no case can be built in support of housing women in an all-freshman women's hall.

Educators and psychologists concerned with the CUTrent needs of youth have viewed their unrest with concern. Since the outbreak of violence at Berkeley in 1964, many researchers have been concerned with understanding the changing values, needs and self-concepts of college students. Feuchs, Goodman , Kenniston, the senior staff of the center for the Study of Democratic Institutions and others, have interviewed students to find om what ideas they hold most valuable. Feuchs points out that, "The really startling thing about the young is that so many of them have turned against the whole idea of industrial society and have tried to revive a complex of older ideas associated with the word Community." The authors wondered to what extent the concept of community would be reflected in the current attitudes of youth on a university campus. A review of material dealing with the theoretical background defining the