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Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death and disability globally, being the most important public health problem that needs to be tackled as more people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. Over three-quarters of CVD deaths take place in low- and middle-income countries. This book on cardiovascular diseases provides an overview of the global and regional challenges associated with CVDs. Coupled with case studies and theoretical concepts, it helps the reader to contextualize CVDs in the broader public health system and the administrative aspects of practicing CVD control approaches for improved population health in their local setting. Key Features:1. Covers existing and emerging issues in cardiovascular disease epidemiology and prevention.2. Has a multidisciplinary approach in content and audience.3. Connects with health systems and relevant sustainable development goals.4. Provides case studies for enabling readers to understand and apply evidence-based solutions to key public health issues.5. Has inputs from globally renowned public health experts.

This second volume on the topic will be extremely useful for the researchers and postgraduate students working on vegetable crops with a special focus on climate change. Today, the entire world is suffering from global warming and its consequent, climate change. This has emerged as the most prominent global environmental issue and there is an urgent need to mitigate its impact on agriculture. Over the past 20 years South Asia has had a robust economic growth, yet it is home to more than one fourth of the world's hunger and 40% of the world's malnourished children and women. Persistent climatic variability, which results in frequent drought and flood, is among the major reasons for this phenomenon. Vegetables are in general more succulent (have 90% water) and more sensitive to climatic vagaries and sudden changes in temperature, as well as irregular precipitation at any phase of crop growing, can affect the normal growth, flowering, pollination, fruit setting, fruit development and fruit ripening which eventually decreases the yield. The irregular precipitation also causes the soil salinity and is a major challenge in many vegetable growing areas. To mitigate the harmful impact of climatic change there is an urgent need to develop adequate adaptation strategies for adverse effect of climate change and preference should be given to the development of heat, cold, drought, flood and salinity stress tolerant genotypes along with climate proofing through conventional and non-conventional breeding techniques, as well as exploiting the beneficial effects of CO2 enhancement on crop growth and yield. Available evidence shows that there is high probability of increase in the frequency and intensity of climate related natural hazards due to climate change and hence increase the potential threat due to climate change related natural disasters in the world. At present protected cultivation and grafted seedlings are also popularizing among vegetable growers because of the huge scope as well as, molecular breeding, emerging insect-pests & diseases and postharvest quality of vegetables under this climate change scenario. Moreover, underexploited vegetables, perennial vegetable and tuber crops have a more tolerant ability to climate vagaries compare to major vegetables which are also discussed in this book.

This book is a comprehensive guide to lung cancer screening for clinicians, healthcare systems, community leaders, and public health officials with the hope of creating a more equitable landscape in both lung cancer screening and lung cancer-related outcomes, at local, state, and national levels. Authors take a new approach to primary and secondary lung cancer prevention that is in the early stages of adoption in the United States. The last decade ushered in recognition of screening as an effective intervention, but unfortunately, despite the wide acceptance of the importance of this new screening modality, nationally, not more than 5% of eligible subjects have undergone screening to date in the United States, although in some states uptake has reached as high as 16%. As is common with any new preventive cancer screening, racial and socioeconomic disparities emerge in utilization, stage at diagnosis, and mortality. Over time, these disparities decline, but consequential differences endure. Therefore, it is critical to establish equitable screening practices. The true measure of the effectiveness of any lung cancer screening program needs to be viewed through the lens of its impact on populations, including those most affected by the morbidity and mortality of smoking-related illness and lung cancer. As such, this book emphasizes a number of important public health topics, including community outreach to vulnerable populations, social justice issues, addressing stigma and fatalism in the general community, and the use of geocoding to assess a program's impact at a population level. This book weaves traditional topics related to lung cancer screening, such as promoting initial and repeat screening, interpreting Lung RADs, and managing the follow-up of findings, into the population perspective in order to present a unified, comprehensive approach to the subject. Further, it serves as a guide that health systems, health care professionals, community leaders, and other stakeholders can use to achieve the promise of lung cancer screening.

The Diabetes Textbook: Clinical Principles, Patient Management and Public Health Issues (2nd Edition) addresses diabetes from a comprehensive, multidisciplinary perspective. Its purpose is to integrate state-of-the-art information on diabetes from specialists in various disciplines, including epidemiology, public health, pathophysiology, non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment, patient support, acute and chronic complications, new and unproven therapies, and prevention. The main benefit of “The Diabetes Textbook” is its integrative approach. The book is therefore intended for three main types of readers: 1) physicians and health professionals seeking a comprehensive approach to diabetes; 2) those with previous expertise in a specific professional area who want to expand their knowledge; and 3) those interested in learning about topics not previously covered, who will find the contents of “The Diabetes Textbook” both enriching and innovative. The Diabetes Textbook is intended for a broad readership, including professors of medicine and related disciplines (nursing, nutrition, psychology); general physicians; internists and specialists, e.g. in ophthalmology, endocrinology, cardiology, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, geriatrics, epidemiology and public health. To address these readers'needs, the second edition is divided into the following eleven sections: 1) Magnitude of the Problem from an Individual and Social Context, 2) Diagnosis, Classification and Mechanisms of Disease, 3) Global Experiences in Diabetes Care, 4) Basic Components of Management: Patient-Centeredness, Evidence-Based Medicine, and Outcomes, 5) Resources of Support for Persons with Diabetes, 6) Drug Therapy, 7) Cardiovascular Risk Factors, 8) Acute Complications, 9) Chronic Complications, 10) Diabetes in Special Populations, and 11) Novel Therapeutic Approaches: Evidence-Based and Non-Proven, and Diabetes Prevention.

This book provides an overview of current and potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) for cardiothoracic imaging. Most AI systems used in medical imaging are data-driven and based on supervised machine learning. Clinicians and AI specialists can contribute to the development of an AI system in different ways, focusing on their respective strengths. Unfortunately, communication between these two sides is far from fluent and, from time to time, they speak completely different languages. Mutual understanding and collaboration are imperative because the medical system is based on physicians'ability to take well-informed decisions and convey their reasoning to colleagues and patients.This book offers unique insights and informative chapters on the use of AI for cardiothoracic imaging from both the technical and clinical perspective. It is also a single comprehensive source that provides a complete overview of the entire process of the development and use of AI in clinical practice for cardiothoracic imaging. The book contains chapters focused on cardiac and thoracic applications as well more general topics on the potentials and pitfalls of AI in medical imaging. Separate chapters will discuss the valorization, regulations surrounding AI, cost-effectiveness, and future perspective for different countries and continents. This book is an ideal guide for clinicians (radiologists, cardiologists etc.) interested in working with AI, whether in a research setting developing new AI applications or in a clinical setting using AI algorithms in clinical practice. The book also provides clinical insights and overviews for AI specialists who want to develop clinically relevant AI applications.

Cardiovascular and Coronary Artery Imaging, Volume Two presents the basics of echocardiography, nuclear imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and provides insights into their appropriate use. The book covers state-of-the-art approaches for automated non-invasive systems for early cardiovascular and coronary artery disease diagnosis. It includes several prominent imaging modalities such as MRI, CT and PET technologies. Other sections focus on major trends and challenges in this area and present the latest techniques for cardiovascular and coronary image analysis. - Takes an integrated approach to cardiovascular and coronary imaging using machine learning, deep learning and reinforcement learning approaches - Covers state-of-the-art approaches for automated non-invasive systems for early cardiovascular disease diagnosis - Provides a perspective on future cardiovascular imaging and highlights areas that still need improvement

This book discusses the various aspects of the health and nutritional benefits of the wonder grains, small millets. It introduces the readers to the historical use of small millet grains in the diet of humans. It further discusses the consumption and strategies to improve the global production of these nutrient-dense grains. The book outlines how the inclusion of small millet as a staple could prevent nutritional deficiency diseases, hidden hunger, and non-communicable diseases. Different chapters of the book provide information about the nutritional profile of popular small millet grains. It also includes information about the effects of processing on the dietary factors in the grains. It describes the traditional food products as well as unconventional products from small millet. It advises the readers on the best ways to consume this super-food. The book also highlights the role of small millet as a functional food. It highlights how this food can address the challenge of nutritional security.

Hypertension: New Frontiers-A Textbook of Cardiology, is the first publication of its kind in the form of a Textbook of Cardiology from India to the world. Various sections of the book including Clinical, Diagnostic Methodology, Echocardiography, Hypertension to Heart Failure, Hypertension to Stroke, Hypertension and Aorta, Hypertension and Renovascular Diseases, Hypertension and Intervention, Hypertension and Carotid Artery Disease, Hypertension and Peripheral Vascular Disease, Clinical Management Strategies, Pediatric Cardiology, Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension, Nutrition and Hypertension, Cardio-oncology and Hypertension, Systematic Inflammatory Release Syndrome with Resistant Hypertension, ECMO and Hypertension, Rehabilitation, and Future Directions.

This book updates in detail the microbial pathogenesis of various important pathogens, including HIV-1, MERS, SARS-CoV-2, Mycobacterium and Plasmodium. There is also a general discussion of the innate and adaptive immune responses against primary and opportunistic infections. The overall purpose of the book is to aid in the development of anti-viral and anti-microbial targets.

The updated and expanded second edition of this book presents a contemporary review of the basic science, engineering technology, and clinical practice of cardiac bioelectric therapy. It covers the rapidly expanding technological development of pacemakers and defibrillators as well as ablative therapy, electrophysiological mapping, and other clinical diagnostic and therapeutic breakthroughs. The book highlights many different aspects of bioelectric therapy, including history, biophysical and computational concepts, basic electrophysiology studies, engineering technology advances, and clinical perspectives.In this revised edition, leading clinical and basic electrophysiologists share their perspectives on the science behind the mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias; breakthrough technologies for scientific and clinical investigation of heart rhythm disorders; theoretical conceptualization of arrhythmias and treatment using state-of-the-art computational approaches; and novel approaches to treatment of cardiac arrhythmias using implantable devices, percutaneous ablation therapies, machine learning, and other approaches. The Second Edition of Cardiac Bioelectric Therapy is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and graduate students in clinical cardiac electrophysiology, cardiology, and cardiac surgery as well as researchers, professionals, and students in biomedical, mechanical, and electrical engineering.

Need to develop strong cardiac nursing skills or advance your practice to a higher level? The newly updated Cardiac Nursing, 7thEdition is the gold standard reference and on-the-unit resource, offering crucial guidance and direction for nurses looking to provide up-to-date, evidence-based cardiac care.

Understanding and modifying health behaviors plays an important part in healthcare. The need to change behaviors applies across a range of health contexts, from individual interventions to the clinically-delivered management of chronic diseases and rehabilitation. Telehealth or virtual care technology offers many possible advantages here, including cost-efficiency, scalability, personalization, and automated high volume data collection and analysis, but success will depend on the effectiveness of the design, implementation and deployment of IT-based methods. This book, which forms part of the Global Telehealth series, includes papers presented at Global Telehealth 2019 (GT2019), a National Symposium on the topic of IT-based Methods for Health Behaviours held in Adelaide, Australia on 5 July 2019. The 10 papers selected for inclusion here comprise only full-paper, blind peer-reviewed contributions received for the symposium and the subsequent call for further contributions. Topics range from the scientific theory of health behavior change, through technological approaches to active ageing and the implementation of the 10,000 steps project, to a discussion of digital infrastructure for the storing & sharing of internet of things, wearables and app-based research study data. The book will be of interest to all researchers, managers and healthcare practitioners working to bring about positive changes in health behavior.

Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice, Eighth Edition continues as the gold standard in oncology nursing. With contributions from the foremost experts in the field, it has remained the definitive reference on the rapidly changing science and practice of oncology nursing for more than 25 years. Completely updated and revised to reflect the latest research and developments in the care of patients with cancer, the Eighth Edition includes new chapters on the biology of cancer, sleep disorders, and palliative care across the cancer continuum. The Eighth Edition also includes significant updates to the basic science chapters to reflect recent increases in scientific knowledge, especially relating to genes and cancer. Also heavily revised are the sections devoted to the dynamics of cancer prevention, detection, and diagnosis, as well as treatment, oncologic emergencies, end of life care, and professional and legal issues for oncology nurses.

While health literacy is a relatively new multidisciplinary field, it is vital to the successful engagement with and communication of health with patients, caregivers, and the public. This book ‘New Directions in Health Literacy Research, Theory, and Practice'provides an introduction to health literacy research and practice and highlights similar scholarship in related disciplines. The book is organized as follows: the first chapter explains the still-evolving definition of health literacy; the next three chapters discuss developments and new directions in health literacy research, then a further two chapters are devoted to developments and new directions in health literacy theory. Two chapters explore health literacy interventions for vulnerable populations; four chapters cover health literacy leadership efforts; six chapters describe developments and new directions in disciplines that are similar to health literacy; and six chapters portray diverse health literacy practices. A preface from Richard Carmona M.D., the former U.S. Surgeon General, is included in the book. Although the book is intended primarily for health literacy researchers, practitioners and students, the diverse topics and approaches covered will be of interest to all healthcare and public health researchers, practitioners, and students, as well as scholars in related fields, such as health communication, science communication, consumer health informatics, library science, health disparities, and mass communication. As Dr. Carmona concludes in his preface: ‘This is essential reading for all health practitioners.'

This book fills a major gap in the literature by providing comprehensive guidelines for the care of male patients through the lifecycle and across healthcare settings. Devoted solely to improving men's health, this book serves as an accessible, practical reference for clinicians treating these patients. It focuses on the psychosocial challenges that men encounter in obtaining healthcare as well as acute and chronic medical and psychological diseases. The book also offers current evidence-based guidelines for wellness and health maintenance. Topics include the problem of help seeking, preventative services, sexual dysfunction, cardiovascular health, prostate cancer screening, and testosterone deficiency. Men's Health in Primary Care is a valuable resource for primary care clinicians and students in family medicine, internal medicine, and adolescent medicine.

Many thousands of international graduate physicians from diverse medical specialties serve the health care needs of the United States, and one-in-four psychiatry residents are international medical graduates. International Medical Graduate Physicians: A Guide to Training was created by prominent leaders in academic psychiatry to support the success of these international medical graduate physicians as they complete their clinical training and enter the physician workforce in this country. This insightful title has been developed as a valuable resource, filled with key information and personal narratives, to foster optimal wellbeing and decisionmaking of IMG physicians as they navigate their careers. The text is thorough in scope and replete with perspectives, reflections, and tailored guidance for the reader. Many of the chapters are based on the direct and diverse life experiences of the authors. A unique and thoughtful contribution to the literature, this Guide will be of great value to international physicians and to their teachers and supervisors in psychiatry as well as other specialties of medicine.

Oncology Informatics: Using Health Information Technology to Improve Processes and Outcomes in Cancer Care encapsulates National Cancer Institute-collected evidence into a format that is optimally useful for hospital planners, physicians, researcher, and informaticians alike as they collectively strive to accelerate progress against cancer using informatics tools. This book is a formational guide for turning clinical systems into engines of discovery as well as a translational guide for moving evidence into practice. It meets recommendations from the National Academies of Science to'reorient the research portfolio'toward providing greater'cognitive support for physicians, patients, and their caregivers'to'improve patient outcomes.'Data from systems studies have suggested that oncology and primary care systems are prone to errors of omission, which can lead to fatal consequences downstream. By infusing the best science across disciplines, this book creates new environments of'Smart and Connected Health.'Oncology Informatics is also a policy guide in an era of extensive reform in healthcare settings, including new incentives for healthcare providers to demonstrate'meaningful use'of these technologies to improve system safety, engage patients, ensure continuity of care, enable population health, and protect privacy. Oncology Informatics acknowledges this extraordinary turn of events and offers practical guidance for meeting meaningful use requirements in the service of improved cancer care. Anyone who wishes to take full advantage of the health information revolution in oncology to accelerate successes against cancer will find the information in this book valuable. Presents a pragmatic perspective for practitioners and allied health care professionals on how to implement Health I.T. solutions in a way that will minimize disruption while optimizing practice goals Proposes evidence-based guidelines for designers on how to create system interfaces that are easy to use, efficacious, and timesaving Offers insight for researchers into the ways in which informatics tools in oncology can be utilized to shorten the distance between discovery and practice

This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, edited by Mack T. Ruffin IV, MD, MPH and Cameron G. Shultz PhD, MSW, is devoted to Preventive Medicine. Articles in this issue include Risk Assessment Approach Screening; Substance Use and Tobacco Screening; Sexually Transmitted Infections; Planned Pregnancy; Violence Screening; Breast Cancer Screening; Lung Cancer Screening; Colorectal Cancer Screening; Prostate Cancer Screening; Heart Disease Screening; Screening for Depression; and Use of Genetic Markers.

PSA screening remains highly controversial due to several important disadvantages. More PSA is produced with prostatic enlargement and in other benign conditions such as urinary tract infections. False positive tests can then lead to unnecessary diagnostic workup with invasive prostate biopsy. Another major problem with screening programs in general is overdiagnosis of cancers that would not have caused harm during the patient's lifetime. For example, many prostate cancers have a relatively indolent behavior so may not require diagnosis or treatment in a patient with limited life expectancy. All forms of prostate cancer treatment have potential urinary and sexual side effects, so reducing overdiagnosis and overtreatment are critical public health issues. Because screening has many proven benefits but also significant harms, there are widely disparate guidelines on prostate cancer screening from major organizations worldwide. This issue of the Urologic Clinics will provide insights into the many different prostate cancer guidelines and related policy issues.

I highly recommend this edited collection. It is a timely intervention when universities around the world are facing changes akin to the newspaper industry a decade ago. The authors remind us of the potential power of the lecture and that there does not need to be a trade off between the size of the class and the quality of the delivery... Professor James Arvanitakis 2012 recipient of the Prime Minister's Teaching and Learning Award, University of Western Sydney, Australia This is the first book of its kind that considers the complex issues of large classes. As such, it makes a very important contribution and provides a deep insight into large class pedagogy from a conceptual and practical perspective. Dr Mandia Menits Massey University, New Zealand If the thought of teaching large classes fills you with dread; if you think that pedagogic innovation is impossible in the face of burgeoning student numbers; or if you simply wish to understand more about the dynamics of this increasingly common environment in Higher Education, then this is the book for you. Written by highly experienced academics, it is a valuable (and long overdue!) resource for supporting good practice in the large class context. Dr Jenny Hadingham University of Rochester, New York

Rapid advances in molecular medicine have led to pronounced new developments in experimental and clinical cardiology. In the embrace of modern molecular biology and bridging the gap between the clinical and the genomic, cardiovascular medicine has seen major strides in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression. The ability to rapidly identify candidate human genes for cardiovascular diseases lends itself to the development of diverse strategies for disease treatment and management. The wide variety of gene expressions proffers excellent targets for novel therapeutics. Gene therapy is steadily increasing in viability and represents a fascinating arena of research and clinical focus. This book is based on two international Mendel symposia on “Genes and the Heart,” joint meetings of the Japanese and European sections of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences. Highlighting selected symposia contributions, this book explores the role of molecular biology and genetics in the basic knowledge, genesis, and clinical interventions of cardiovascular diseases.

Library and Information Science: Parameters and Perspectives focuses on how libraries function today, covering the most significant aspects of the field. The book includes chapters on the digitization of library materials, how technology has changed the role of libraries and librarians, Google's book and information applications, library user fees, customer service in the library, teaching information literacy and research skills, and more. Readers receive a broad understanding of the roles and functions of libraries and librarians today.

Now is a critical time in pediatric informatics. As information technologies—electronic health records (EHRs), personal health records (PHRs), computerized physician order entry (CPOE)—and standards (HL7) are developed to improve the quality of health care, it is imperative for policy makers and pediatricians to be aware of their impact on pediatric care and child health. Informed child advocates must be at the planning table as national and regional health information networks are developed to insure the unique health care needs of children are being met. Pediatric Informatics: Computer Applications in Child Health is a current digest of the important trends in pediatric informatics, written by leading experts in the field. This book explores how the management of biomedical data, information, and knowledge can optimize and advance child health. The contributors investigate the specific importance of pediatric informatics is derived from the biological, psychological, social and cultural needs that the distinguish children from other populations. These distinctions create complexities in the management of pediatric data and information that make children a vulnerable population and require the development of a new body of knowledge in pediatric informatics.

Internationally recognized experts, pioneers, and opinion makers in evidence-based medicine (EBM) provocatively recast endocrine policy and practice in the light of EBM philosophy and principles. The authors explain the past, present, and future of EBM; consider its practical implications for endocrinology; demonstrate what the'evidence base'is in EBM; and present illustrative case studies by practicing evidence-based clinicians. Highlights include essays on why cost-effective analyses are problematic, the contrast between clinical investigations and large randomized trials, the role of Cochrane reviews and meta-analyses, and the curriculum requirements for training evidence-based endocrinologists.