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The analysis is on three important civil rights moments for indigenous people at the Commonwealth level, such as the 1966 equal wage decision, the 1967 referendum and the Racial Discrimination Act in 1975. Two factors were crucial in this regard, such as the pressure by activists and the international embarrassment caused to Australia by its continued breach of international human rights instruments.

In Russia, everyone called me Jewish. But now that I'm in Israel, people say I'm Russian. It's painful (2). Fast jede Art von Gemeinsamkeit und Gegensaetzlichkeit des Habitus und der [...]

This article presents research on racial biases by examining questionnaires given to participants for detection of implicit biases, and examining interpretation and reaction to such biases. The authors find that subjects experiencing success at avoiding prejudice are least likely to detect racial biases when they are subtle.

The concept of 'discrimination' is analyzed in order to establish clearly defined standards by which to measure a discriminatory offense, focusing on the manner in which the word 'discrimination' has been loosely applied to many different situations and the need to clarify its meaning.

Lesley Jacobs's views on natural differences and equal opportunity are discussed. Topics include 'The Bell Curve,' liberal egalitarianism, and racial disadvantages.

Byline: Elizabeth A. Klonoff (1), Hope Landrine (1) Keywords: skin color; Blacks; racial discrimination; hypertension Abstract: It is widely assumed that dark-skinned Blacks have higher rates of hypertension than their lighter-skinned cohorts because the former experience greater racial discrimination. However, there is no empirical evidence linking skin color to discrimination. This study tested the extent to which skin color is associated with differential exposure to discrimination for a sample of 300 Black adults. Results revealed that dark-skinned Blacks were 11 times more likely to experience frequent racial discrimination than their light-skinned counterparts 67% of subjects reporting high discrimination were dark-skinned and only 8.5% were light-skinned. These preliminary findings suggest that skin color indeed may be a marker for racial discrimination and highlight the need to assess discrimination in studies of the skin color--hypertension relationship. Author Affiliation: (1) Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California, 92182-4611 Article History: Registration Date: 06/10/2004

Byline: Thomas L. Ainscough (1), Carol M. Motley (2) Keywords: Race; gender; retail; service; discrimination Abstract: This research attempts to determine if a customer's visible physical characteristics influence retail service delivery. The results of this study suggest that black and male customers wait significantly longer than white and female customers at retail customer service counters. In addition, females are more likely to experience a positive transaction outcome than males. Author Affiliation: (1) Charlton College of Business, Department of Marketing, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA, 02747-2300 (2) Marshall School of Business Administration, Department of Marketing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1421 Article History: Registration Date: 16/10/2004

During the half century (1854-1904) which followed the opening of Japan's ports, Westerners scrutinized the rediscovered archipelago and attempted to classify its inhabitants within their racial system. Despite the claim for 'scientific' objectivism, Western racial views of the Japanese were largely dictated by contemporary political and moral attitudes toward Japan. Hence, writings on the Japanese 'race' reflected not only the racial knowledge of the period but also the asymmetry between the West and Japan. These writings embodied a genuine discourse: they were propounded in texts, historically located, and displayed a coherent system of meaning. Critically, the Western discourse regarding the identity of the Japanese people aimed to maintain, and even produce, power relations between the colonial powers and the local population, and as such it exerted ideological influence on both Western readers and the Japanese. The present article traces this racial discourse, and attempts to explain the rapid transformation of the image of the Japanese people from an almost unknown racial entity to a national group Westerners perceived as a major racial threat.

The disparity between public sensibilities and empirical data in the United States has become so extreme that certain topics can no longer be investigated without bringing down cries of 'racism'. The U.S. police have been accused of discrimination because they investigate a higher percentage of black and hispanic minority suspects than white or Asians. The facts are that black U.S. citizens commit violent crimes at four to eight times the white rate. Hispanics commit violent crimes at about three times the white rate, and Asians only one half to three quarters the white rate. Blacks are as much more criminally violent than whites, as men are more violent than women. Of the approximately 1,700,000 interracial crimes of violence involving blacks and whites, 90 percent are committed by blacks against whites. Blacks are 50 times more likely than whites to commit individual acts of interracial violence. They are up to 250 times more likely than whites to engage in multiple-offender or group interracial violence. Fifty-six percent of violent crimes committed by blacks have white victims. Only two to three percent of violent crimes committed by whites have black victims. Key Words: Racial profiling, police, law enforcement, crime, rape

The author criticizes Eduardo Bonilla-Silva's theory regarding racism, focusing on reasons for racism in the US. Topics include the formation of 'racialized societies,' differences between race and ethnicity, objectifying races, and the need to reconsider the social impact of racial terms.

The author discusses his views regarding race relations, focusing on the social impact of racialized social systems. Topics include racial stratification, social significance of racial identity, and differences between race and ethnicity.

The disproportionate number of West Africans in front-line French battalions during World War I is examined. Evidence from casualty numbers indicates that those races deemed warlike by the French were consistently placed in assault troops in high-risk maneuvers.

An evaluation of television's depiction of Latina women is presented, focusing on television's one-sided representation of Latinas as domestic workers. Issues include television's portrayals of Latinas' illegal immigration to the US, work in domestic employment, and inability to speak comprehendible English.

An analysis is presented on the influence of group identity on artistic expression and social power, using the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra as an example. The orchestra, which bars women and minorities, demonstrates that the interrelationship between authority and aesthetics is culturally isomorphic in respect to dominant values within society.