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The purpose of this study is to examine the residents' participation in the public operations for the rehabilitation of the built heritage carried out in the old town of Constantine. Constantine has undergone several intervention operations on its built heritage. However, few of them have been completed. This brings us to ask about the causes of these failures. Several hypotheses can be envisaged, including the predominance of private property, which represents 71% of the urban fabric, and the lack of effective participation of its residents. To confirm this, one case studies have been carried out: The pilot project for the rehabilitation of the street "Mellah Slimane" in 2005. The research followed a qualitative approach using several data collection instruments. The results of this work show several shortcomings in terms of the effectiveness of the participatory approach focusing on the residents during the studied operations. Understanding these limitations could help to rethink public action for heritage conservation in inhabited historic centres.

For about thirty years now, in the context of urban policies, number of theater associations carry out projects in working-class neighborhoods providing active participation of their inhabitants. Based on an ethnographic survey in France and Italy, this article highlights the discursive politicisation processes within these associations. Participatory theatre provides a framework a priori conducive to generate “public spirited-political conversations”. However, these processes can be hampered by a set of public funding constraints.

Cet article traite de la recomposition des relations entre acteurs publics et citoyens dans la définition et la conduite de projets d’urbanisme durable en milieu rural, à partir de l’analyse du cas de Volonne (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). Dans une forme de prolongement de la dynamique participative initiée lors de la création de l’EcoQuartier centre-bourg (labellisé étape 4 par le Ministère), alliant des dispositifs de consultation, de concertation et de co-construction, cette commune rurale a vu l’émergence d’un engagement citoyen multiforme étudié dans cette recherche. Nous questionnons dans cette perspective la capacité des communes rurales à accompagner et pérenniser les initiatives citoyennes dans ces démarches visant la transformation du cadre bâti et le développement du « vivre ensemble » dans les espaces ruraux. La recherche a mis en lumière la diversité des initiatives citoyennes et leur participation à l’amélioration du cadre de vie mais aussi la nécessaire modification des cadres d’action publique traditionnels. L’association entre acteurs publics et citoyens appelle des ajustements, des articulations qui restent pour partie à trouver pour répondre aux difficultés de coordination ou au risque de resserrement des initiatives autour d’un groupe restreint de participants. This article deals with the recomposition of relations between public actors and citizens in the definition and the management of rural village sustainable planning projects, based on the analysis of the case of Volonne (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). In a form of extension of the participatory dynamic initiated during the creation of the Ecodistrict, combining consultation, cooperation and co-building mechanisms, this rural municipality has seen the emergence of a multi-faceted citizen engagement studied in this research. In this perspective, we question the ability of rural municipalities to support and sustain citizens’initiatives in their efforts to transform the built environment and to develop “living together” in rural areas. The research shows the diversity of citizens' initiatives and their contribution to the improvement of the living environment but also the need to change traditional policy frameworks. The association of public actors and citizens calls for adjustments, articulations that remain partly to be found in order to respond to the difficulties of coordination or to the risk of shortening initiatives around a small group of participants.

La jeunesse est un âge de la vie composé d’étapes seuils contribuant à l’autonomisation sociale en général, et l’autonomie résidentielle en particulier. Cette dernière, au même titre que d’autres seuils, acte le passage symbolique à l’âge adulte. De ce point de vue, les jeunes nomades vivant en camion viennent remettre en question le rapport à l’habitat. Ils remettent aussi en question, par leur mode de vie, la manière avec laquelle les acteurs publics locaux perçoivent et gèrent la marginalité sociale et économique. En effet, la vie en camion fait partie du « mal logement », et les emplois saisonniers qu’ils occupent participent du stigmate de jeune déviant qui leur est assigné. Or ces derniers ne se considèrent pas toujours comme tels. Ils revendiquent même souvent une liberté de pouvoir vivre de façon autosuffisante, de sorte que cette revendication pose la question sociologique du mode de vie marginal comme processus d’autonomisation sociale. En s’appuyant sur des données empiriques issues d’une recherche doctorale portant sur les jeunes nomades saisonniers viticoles circulant dans les espaces ruraux du sud-ouest de la France, le présent article ouvre des pistes de réflexion sur ce qu’être jeune nomade veut dire. Il envisage un accompagnement adapté à un public dont le mode de vie provoque une asymétrie des représentations de l’autonomie entre les acteurs publics et les jeunes nomades. Pour cela, il s’appuie sur le concept de capabilités pour imaginer une intervention qui permettrait d’engager un processus de dé-stigmatisation de cette population. Youth is an age of life composed of threshold stages contributing to social empowerment in general, and residential autonomy in particular. The latter, like other thresholds, records the symbolic passage to adulthood. From this point of view, young nomads living in trucks come to question the relationship to habitat. They also question, through their way of life, the way in which local public actors perceive and manage social and economic marginality. Indeed, life in a truck is part of “poor housing”, and the seasonal jobs they occupy contribute to the stigma of young deviant that is assigned to them. However, the latter do not always consider themselves as such. They often even claim a freedom to be able to live in a self-sufficient way, so that this claim raises the sociological question of the marginal way of life as a process of social empowerment. Based on empirical data from doctoral research on young seasonal wine nomads circulating in rural areas of south-west France, the article opens up avenues for reflection on what being a young nomad means. It envisages an accompaniment adapted to a public whose way of life causes an asymmetry in the representations of autonomy between public actors and young nomads. For this, it relies on the concept of capabilities to imagine an intervention that would initiate a process of de-stigmatization of this population.

International audience; While there is ample research in the social sciences on the role of private consulting firms in public action, their intervention in public management of health crises or epidemics is poorly studied. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a significant recourse to these firms by public administrations in many countries. The purpose of this exploratory review of scientific literature is to identify research on the involvement of these firms in the government of epidemics and health crises that have occurred since 2000. What do they say about the role of these firms, and what methods are used? The steps of the PRISMA-SCR model have identified only 24 references since 2000. The authors use three approaches to analyze the role of the firms: the managerial approach, consultocracy and the hybridization of the elites. This review reports on a blind point of scientific writing and calls for the conduct of empirical research on the subject.; Si la recherche en sciences sociales sur le rôle des cabinets de conseil privés dans l’action publique est foisonnante, leur intervention dans la gestion publique de crises sanitaires ou d’épidémies est peu étudiée. La pandémie de COVID-19 a pourtant révélé un recours important à ces firmes de la part d’administrations publiques de nombreux pays. Cette revue exploratoire des écrits scientifiques a pour objectif d’identifier les recherches qui portent sur la participation de ces cabinets au gouvernement d’épidémies et de crises sanitaires survenues depuis 2000 : que disent-elles du rôle de ces cabinets et quelles méthodes sont mobilisées ? Les étapes du modèle PRISMA-ScR ont permis d’identifier seulement 24 références depuis 2000. Trois approches sont mobilisées par les auteur·e·s qui déterminent leur analyses sur le rôle des cabinets : l’approche gestionnaire, la consultocratie et l’hybridation des élites. Cette revue permet de rendre compte d’un point aveugle des écrits scientifiques et appelle à la réalisation de recherches empiriques sur le sujet.

This thesis studies mulberry tree cultivation in early modern France, from a perspective that crosses political history, history of knowledge and rural history. The « gilded tree » appears as the first cultivated plant of which the royal state undertakes to control the development throughout the kingdom. It therefore plays a crucial role in shaping the techniques of agricultural government. The construction, choice and suppression of its main instruments – public nurseries and gratifications – put issues at stake that structures the debates of political economy, raising the problem of state intervention. Moricultural ambitions of the administration of commerce stimulate a major increase of the number of specialized publications in the middle of the 18th century, in the more general context of unprecedented enthusiasm for agriculture. Knowledge about mulberry tree cultivation is constructed as a separate branch of agronomy, being the subject of problems, experiences and even controversies of its own. However, « muriomany » appears mainly as a fad within circles of « enlightened » agricultural amelioration lovers. Mulberry tree cultivation remained restricted to the southeastern quarter of the kingdom, where its development was spectacular in the 18th century. Territories such as the Cévennes were profoundly transformed by this rapid progress, which integrated and reshaped the traditional system of land cultivation., Cette thèse propose de prendre pour objet la culture du mûrier en France à l’époque moderne dans une perspective qui croise histoire politique, histoire des savoirs et histoire rurale. « L’arbre d’or », fondement de l’industrie de la soie, apparaît comme la première plante cultivée dont l’État royal entreprend d’orienter et de contrôler le développement dans les campagnes du royaume, et joue donc un rôle crucial dans l’élaboration des techniques du gouvernement agricole. La construction, le choix et l’abandon de ses principaux instruments – les pépinières publiques et les gratifications – font rejouer les enjeux qui structurent les débats de l’économie politique du temps, et posent le problème du rôle de l’État dans l’économie. Les ambitions moricoles de l’administration du commerce stimulent une explosion du nombre des publications spécialisées au milieu du xviiie siècle, dans le contexte plus général d’un engouement inédit pour l’agriculture. La culture du mûrier est alors construite comme une branche à part de la culture des terres, faisant l’objet de réflexions, d’expériences et même de controverses savantes qui lui sont propres. Mais la « muriomanie » des Lumières est un mouvement passager qui ne dépasse pas les cercles des amateurs « éclairés » de l’amélioration agricole. La culture du mûrier reste cantonnée au quart sud-est du royaume, où elle connaît un développement spectaculaire au cours du xviiie siècle. Certains territoires, comme les Cévennes, sont profondément transformés par les progrès rapides d’un arbre qui intègre et modifie le système traditionnel de culture des terres.

Au-delà de la diversité des situations des villes petites et moyennes, la stabilisation de leurs centres-villes constitue un défi majeur. Dans les deux pays, les centres-villes ont été fragilisés par les mutations commerciales, la baisse de l'offre de services et les transformations des modes de vie. Ils se caractérisent par une augmentation des taux de vacance, ce qui accélère la spirale de la perte d'attractivité et de l'abandon. Depuis le début des années 2000, ce défi est au coeur du débat public. Dans les deux pays, la rénovation urbaine a été un élément clé de cette politique de revitalisation. Cependant, si le contexte de l'action publique est assez similaire en France et en Allemagne, les modes de gouvernance diffèrent. En France, le système municipal administratif continue d'offrir un cadre étroit et fixe, malgré les récentes réformes territoriales qui favorisent le niveau intercommunal. Par ailleurs, la coopération, la communication et la participation des acteurs locaux issus des entreprises et de la société civile sont plus ancrées dans les pratiques sociales et politiques des petites et moyennes villes allemandes. Quite apart from the diversity of situations in small and medium-sized towns, stabilising their town centres is a major challenge. In both countries, town centres have been weakened by commercial changes, a decline in the supply of services and transformations in lifestyles. They are characterised by an increase in vacancy rates, which accelerates a spiralling loss of attractiveness and atmosphere of neglect. Since the beginning of the 2000s, this challenge has been central in the public debate. In both countries, urban renewal has been a key element of this revitalisation policy. However, although the context of public action is rather similar in France and Germany, the modes of governance differ. In France the administrative municipal system continues to provide a narrow and fixed framework despite recent territorial reforms that favour the intermunicipal level. In addition, cooperation, communication and participation of local actors from business and civil society are more firmly anchored in social and political practice in German small and medium-sized towns.

Translation from the French version: https://cloud.parisdescartes.fr/index.php/s/mTAbrXWN4sReA3Q#pdfviewer; The Earth Politics Center (EPC) aims to produce interdisciplinary research of excellence, visible and attractive in France and internationally, in collaboration with stakeholders acting at both local and global levels.With the aim of responding to the scientific and political issues raised by various diagnoses on the state of the planet (growing effects of industrial and agricultural activities on the major balances of the biosphere, disruption of the major water, carbon or nitrogen cycles, etc.), the Center has set itself the mission of developing new ways of knowing and governing these socio-environmental phenomena, while at the same time forming part of a transformed relationship between science and society.Founded in 2019, the EPC has enabled the emergence of an interdisciplinary research community based on the joint exploration of nature and societies by the experimental sciences (physical and biological) and the humanities and social sciences. An Earth challenged by habitability. University and the Challenges of Earth Knowledge, a strategic positioning text, defines its research agenda for the years to come and gives concrete expression to these three years of interdisciplinary dialogue.

This thesis aims to propose a critical reading of land observatories in Africa in general and in Senegal in particular. Situated at the intersection of a political geography of sociotechnical devices that ensure the construction, sharing and circulation of information in the field of land, a sociology of public action in African contexts and a reflection on development, the thesis aims to understand why, while the concept ofland observatory has been repeatedly promoted for almost thirty years, with numerous abortive attempts and few concrete achievements in the field, land observatories are both so desired and so little functional. The thesis is organised around three axes of analysis : the circulation of the concept within the African continent ; the processes of creation and implementation of land observatories ; and the effects on public action. The thesis shows that the concept ofland observatory has evolved into one of those buzzwords that many actors use in the field of development but which mean many different things to different types of actors. It also highlights the many implementation gaps between what was planned in the project documents and what is happening on the ground. Finally, considering the many observatories without data, the research shows that the symbolic dimension ofland observatories takes precedence over their actual production and their effect on public action.; Cette thèse a pour but de proposer une lecture critique des observatoires fonciers en Afrique en général et au Sénégal en particulier. Située à l’articulation d’une géographie politique de dispositifs sociotechniques qui assurent la construction, le partage et la circulation de l’information dans le champ du foncier, d’une sociologie de l’action publique en contextes africains et d’une réflexion sur le développement, la thèse vise à comprendre pourquoi, alors que le concept d’observatoire foncier est promu de façon répétée depuis presque trente ans, avec de nombreuses tentatives avortées et peu de réalisations concrètes sur le terrain, les observatoires fonciers sont à la fois autant désirés et si peu fonctionnels. Elle s’organise autour de trois axes d’analyse : la circulation du concept au sein du continent africain ; les processus de fabrique et de mise en œuvre des observatoires fonciers ; les effets sur l’action publique. La thèse montre que le concept d’observatoire foncier a évolué vers l’un de ces mots à la mode que de nombreux acteurs utilisent dans le champ du développement mais qui signifient beaucoup de choses différentes pour différents types d’acteurs. Elle met également en lumière les nombreux écarts de mise en œuvre (implementation gaps) entre ce qui était prévu dans les documents de projet et ce qui advient sur le terrain. Enfin, face à de nombreux observatoires sans données, la recherche met en évidence que la dimension symbolique des observatoires fonciers prend le pas sur leur matérialité et les effets concrets sur l ’action publique.

Infrastructures are technical-social assemblages infused in politics and power relations. They spur public action, prompting increased scholarly reference to the practices of infrastructural publics. This article explores the normative and conceptual meanings of infrastructures, publics, and infrastructural publics. It distills from political theory traditions of Hannah Arendt, Jürgen Habermas, and Nancy Fraser a normative ideal of publics composed of the persons subject to a particular configuration of power relations that may significantly affect their autonomy. Autonomy can be seriously affected not only by existing or planned infrastructures, with their existing or anticipating users and workers and objectors, but also by the lack of an infra-structure or by the terms of infrastructural exclusions, rationings, channelings, and fiscal impositions. Legal-institutional mechanisms provide some of the means for infrastructural publics to act and be heard, and for conflicts between or within different publics to be addressed, operationalizing legal ideas of publicness. These mechanisms are often underprovided or misaligned with infrastructure. One reason is the murkiness and insecurity of relations of infrastructural publics to legal publics constituted or framed as such by institutions and instruments of law and governance. We argue that thoughtful integration of infrastructural and legal scaling and design, accompanied by a normative aspiration to publicness, may have beneficial effects.

Purpose The social and work inclusion of people with disabilities is an important area of public action and research today. Future trends in the economy and lifestyle represent new challenges for the inclusion of disabled people. This paper aims to provide a bibliometric analysis of the growing amount of research publications currently dealing with problems associated with people with disabilities in employment. The papers are analysed to gain a perspective on any changes in the field. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the analysis is conducted using a literature review and bibliometric analysis techniques in particular. The bibliographic source supporting this analysis resulted from a search of Scopus using Disability, Employment and Work as search terms, which yielded 750 publications spanning the previous nine years. VOSviewer was applied to facilitate the analysis. Findings The findings indicate that up until 2016, the conversation revolved around health and employment, and from 2017 onwards the research has become more focused on the employment of people with disabilities. Socioeconomic factors affecting people with disabilities appear as one of the causes impairing their inclusion, such as the different intellectual disabilities curtailing their employment and education for work. Research limitations/implications This analysis limited itself to only one database and open access articles. Therefore, further research is needed with a larger bibliographic base covering other aspects related to the future of disability employment. Practical implications This review may serve as a valuable source of information for researchers for further investigations in this area. And to aid in the development of effective policies to address existing social stereotypes. Originality/value This research illustrates, through the use of VOSviewer, the present studies in the area of disability and employment and sets the foundations for further research.

espanolPartiendo de experiencias de participacion de actores de la sociedad civil, nos proponemos a desarrollar un diagnostico de la relacion sociedad- Estado en politicas de adaptacion al cambio climatico en Acapulco, Guerrero. La informacion fue recabada mediante entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas. La investigacion se codifico y categorizo identificando uno o mas pasajes de texto con un tema y relacionandolo con un codigo. Encontramos una fragmentacion de agendas y mecanismos de accion publica de los actores civiles en un entorno politico caracterizado por un autoritarismo subnacional que impide la construccion de agendas politicas disidentes, y una falta de conocimiento especializado sobre el problema del cambio climatico por parte de los activistas locales. Para que la informacion de la ciencia climatica sea asimilada, debe comunicarse activamente con el lenguaje apropiado, buscando mecanismos participativos que generen produccion de datos confiables y transparentes, y que fortalezcan la emergencia de una agenda ambientalista comun EnglishBased on experiences of participation by civil society actors, we propose to develop a diagnosis of the relationship between society and the State in policies of adaptation to climate change in Acapulco, Guerrero. The information was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The information was coded and categorized by identifying one or more text passages with a theme and relating it to a code. We found a fragmentation of agendas and mechanisms for public action by civil actors in a political environment characterized by a sub-national authoritarianism that prevents the construction of dissident political agendas, and a lack of specialized knowledge about the problem of climate change by local activists. For climate science information to be assimilated, it must actively communicate in the appropriate language, seeking participatory mechanisms that generate reliable and transparent data production, and that strengthen the emergence of a common environmentalist agenda