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210. Double blind, placebo-controlled trial of a fermented milk containing multiple probiotics strains and prebiotic fiber for constipation associated with parkinson’s disease

Author

Michela, B., primary, Pacchetti, C., additional, Bolliri, C., additional, Cassani, E., additional, Iorio, L., additional, Pusani, C., additional, Privitera, G., additional, Cesari, I., additional, Faierman, S.A., additional, Caccialanza, R., additional, Pezzoli, G., additional, and Cereda, E., additional

Published
2015
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211. Brownian Motion of Graphene

Author

Marago' O. M., Bonaccorso F., Saija R., Privitera G., Gucciardi P. G., Iatì M. A., Calogero G., Jones P. H., Borghese F., Denti P., Nicolosi V., and Ferrari A. C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, optical tweezers, graphene, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, Brownian motion, electromagnetic scattering theory
Abstract

Brownian motion is a manifestation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem of statistical mechanics. It regulates systems in physics, biology, chemistry, and finance. We use graphene as prototype material to unravel the consequences of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in two dimensions, by studying the Brownian motion of optically trapped graphene flakes. These orient orthogonal to the light polarization, due to the optical constants anisotropy. We explain the flake dynamics in the optical trap and measure force and torque constants from the correlation functions of the tracking signals, as well as comparing experiments with a full electromagnetic theory of optical trapping. The understanding of optical trapping of two-dimensional nanostructures gained through our Brownian motion analysis paves the way to light-controlled manipulation and all-optical sorting of biological membranes and anisotropic macromolecules.

Published
2010

212. Harmonizing and supporting infection control training in Europe

Author

Brusaferro, S., primary, Arnoldo, L., additional, Cattani, G., additional, Fabbro, E., additional, Cookson, B., additional, Gallagher, R., additional, Hartemann, P., additional, Holt, J., additional, Kalenic, S., additional, Popp, W., additional, Privitera, G., additional, Prikazsky, V., additional, Velasco, C., additional, Suetens, C., additional, and Varela Santos, C., additional

Published
2015
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215. Alteration of p53 and Bax/ Bcl-2 ratio by fotemustine and proton irradiation

Author

Korićanac, Lela, Žakula, Jelena, Keta, Otilija D., Privitera G., Cirrone, G. A. P., Cuttone, Giacomo, Petrović, Ivan M., and Ristić-Fira, Aleksandra

Abstract

Deregulation of apoptosis commonly occurs in melanoma cells and could be a reason for resistance. The effectiveness of different treatments depends on their ability to activate this process. In this study the effects of combined treatments with fotemustine (FM) and proton irradiation on the regulators of apoptosis were analyzed. Sub-confluent HTB140 human melanoma cells were treated with FM (100, 250 µM) 24 h prior to irradiation (12, 16 Gy). Cells were irradiated in the middle of the therapeutic 62 MeV proton spread out Bragg peak. Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis and the Western blot analysis of apoptotic regulators were performed 6 or 48 h after treatments. Percent of apoptotic nuclei increased after applied treatments, reaching the level of 4 to 41 %. Induction of apoptosis was associated with p53 and Bax up regulation and Bcl-2 down regulation. The obtained results imply that analyzed treatments induce apoptosis through the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, with better pro-apoptotic effects achieved by combined treatments.

Published
2010

216. Comparison of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization and SNP array analysis for the assessment of ERBB family gene copy numbers in colorectal cancer

Author

Castorina, Sergio, Luca, T, Privitera, G, Musso, N, Capizzi, C, Barresi, Vincenza, and Condorelli, Daniele Filippo

Subjects
respectively. As clarified by SNP array analysis, 2.1 average hybridization signal per nucleus) and SNP array (log2ratio &gt, 2.2), 2), +2%2E1+average+hybridization+signal+per+nucleus%29+and+SNP+array+%28log2ratio+>2%2E2%29%2C+respectively%2E+As+clarified+by+SNP+array+analysis%2C+such+increase+was+due+to+a+polisomy+of+chromosome+7+%2819+out+of+42%29+or+of+its+p+arm+%283+out+of+42%29%2E+5+cases+showed+discrepant+results+between+FISH+and+SNP+array+analysis+%283+with+increased+copy+number+by+SNP+array+not+detected+by+FISH+and+2+with+EGFR+genomic+gain+by+FISH+not+detected+by+SNP+array%29%2E+A+good+correlation+was+also+observed+comparing+the+EFGR+copy+number+values+obtained+with+the+two+methods+%28r=0%2E67%29+which+further+increased+by+applying+a+correction+values+based+on+the+percentage+of+tumoral+cells+in+the+samples+used+for+SNP+array+analysis+%28r=+0%2E73%29%2E+No+amplification+of+EGFR+genes+was+detected+by+FISH+analysis+%28defined+as+a+EGFR%2FCEN7+ratio+>2%29%2C+while+only+one+case+was+detected+by+SNP+array+analysis+%28range+3%2E59-10%2E51+gene+copies+in+different+zones+of+the+same+tumor%29%22">The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) prompted to search for predictive biomarkers. The lack of efficacy of anti-EGFR therapy in tumors bearing activating KRAS mutations has been well-demonstrated in clinical trials and the European Medicines Agency approved the use of mAbs against EGFR only in metastatic CRC patients with wild-type KRAS tumors. However, the absence of KRAS mutations is not sufficient to assure a clinical response and only a fraction of patients with wildtype KRAS show a good response to such therapies. Recent studies indicated that EGFR gene copy number could influence response to anti-EGFR mAbs therapy in CRC. In the majority of these studies EGFR genomic gain was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The introduction of SNP array technology for genome-wide analysis of tumor-associated cytogenetic abnormalities and the proposal of its routine use in CRC (Castorina et al. 2010) provide an alternative method for the determination of EGFR copy number and extend such analysis to all members of the ERBB family. Here we assessed copy number data for EGFR and ERBB2 gene in a series of 42 CRC by interphase FISH and SNP array analysis. 50% and 52% of the patients showed an increase of EGFR copy number by FISH analysis (> 2.1 average hybridization signal per nucleus) and SNP array (log2ratio >2.2), respectively. As clarified by SNP array analysis, such increase was due to a polisomy of chromosome 7 (19 out of 42) or of its p arm (3 out of 42). 5 cases showed discrepant results between FISH and SNP array analysis (3 with increased copy number by SNP array not detected by FISH and 2 with EGFR genomic gain by FISH not detected by SNP array). A good correlation was also observed comparing the EFGR copy number values obtained with the two methods (r=0.67) which further increased by applying a correction values based on the percentage of tumoral cells in the samples used for SNP array analysis (r= 0.73). No amplification of EGFR genes was detected by FISH analysis (defined as a EGFR/CEN7 ratio >2), while only one case was detected by SNP array analysis (range 3.59-10.51 gene copies in different zones of the same tumor), while only one case was detected by SNP array analysis (range 3.59-10.51 gene copies in different zones of the same tumor), such increase was due to a polisomy of chromosome 7 (19 out of 42) or of its p arm (3 out of 42). 5 cases showed discrepant results between FISH and SNP array analysis (3 with increased copy number by SNP array not detected by FISH and 2 with EGFR genomic gain by FISH not detected by SNP array). A good correlation was also observed comparing the EFGR copy number values obtained with the two methods (r=0.67) which further increased by applying a correction values based on the percentage of tumoral cells in the samples used for SNP array analysis (r= 0.73). No amplification of EGFR genes was detected by FISH analysis (defined as a EGFR/CEN7 ratio &gt, the absence of KRAS mutations is not sufficient to assure a clinical response and only a fraction of patients with wildtype KRAS show a good response to such therapies. Recent studies indicated that EGFR gene copy number could influence response to anti-EGFR mAbs therapy in CRC. In the majority of these studies EGFR genomic gain was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The introduction of SNP array technology for genome-wide analysis of tumor-associated cytogenetic abnormalities and the proposal of its routine use in CRC (Castorina et al. 2010) provide an alternative method for the determination of EGFR copy number and extend such analysis to all members of the ERBB family. Here we assessed copy number data for EGFR and ERBB2 gene in a series of 42 CRC by interphase FISH and SNP array analysis. 50% and 52% of the patients showed an increase of EGFR copy number by FISH analysis (&gt, The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) prompted to search for predictive biomarkers. The lack of efficacy of anti-EGFR therapy in tumors bearing activating KRAS mutations has been well-demonstrated in clinical trials and the European Medicines Agency approved the use of mAbs against EGFR only in metastatic CRC patients with wild-type KRAS tumors. However
Published
2010

221. Long-term effects of hospital water network disinfection on Legionella and other waterborne bacteria in an Italian university hospital

Author

Casini, B, Buzzigoli, A, Cristina, Ml, Spagnolo, Am, Del Giudice, P, Brusaferro, S, Poscia, Andrea, Moscato, Umberto, Valentini, Piero, Baggiani, A, Privitera, G., Poscia, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0002-7616-3389), Moscato, Umberto (ORCID:0000-0002-2568-3966), Casini, B, Buzzigoli, A, Cristina, Ml, Spagnolo, Am, Del Giudice, P, Brusaferro, S, Poscia, Andrea, Moscato, Umberto, Valentini, Piero, Baggiani, A, Privitera, G., Poscia, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0002-7616-3389), and Moscato, Umberto (ORCID:0000-0002-2568-3966)

Abstract

Legionella control still remains a critical issue in healthcare settings where the preferred approach to health risk assessment and management is to develop a water safety plan. We report the experience of a university hospital, where a water safety plan has been applied since 2002, and the results obtained with the application of different methods for disinfecting hot water distribution systems in order to provide guidance for the management of water risk.

Published
2014

224. Healthcare-associated infection in Italy: annual point-prevalence surveys, 2002-2004

Author

Lanini, S, Jarvis, Wr, Nicastri, E, Privitera, G, Gesu, G, Marchetti, F, Giuliani, L, Piselli, P, Puro, V, Nisii, C, Ippolito, G, Vullo, Vincenzo, and INF NOS STUDY GROUP GRUPPO ITALIANO PER LO STUDIO DELLE INFEZIONI NOSCOMIALI

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Epidemiology, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, Prevalence, Bacteremia, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Young Adult, Pharmacotherapy, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Gram-Negative Bacteria, medicine, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, Young adult, Intensive care medicine, Respiratory Tract Infections, Aged, Univariate analysis, Cross Infection, Respiratory tract infections, business.industry, Public health, Middle Aged, Hospitals, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Urinary Tract Infections, Female, business
Abstract

Objective.Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. During the period from 2002 through 2004, a group of Italian hospitals was recruited to conduct HAI point-prevalence surveys.Design.Three point-prevalence surveys.Methods.A total of 9,609 patients were surveyed.Results.The overall frequency of HAI was 6.7% (645 infections among the 9,609 surveyed patients). The most frequent HAIs were lower respiratory tract infections, which accounted for 35.8% (231 of 645 HAIs) of all HAIs, followed by urinary tract infections (152 [23.6%] of 645 HAIs), bloodstream infections (90 [14.0%] of 645 HAIs), and surgical site infections (79 [12.2%] of 645 HAIs). In both multivariate and univariate analysis, invasive procedures, duration of stay, chemotherapy, trauma, coma, and the location of the hospital were all factors statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of an HAL Enterobacteriaceae were the most common isolates recovered in medical and surgical wards, whereas gram-negative aerobic bacilli were the most common isolates recovered in intensive care units. Approximately one-half of all of the patients surveyed were receiving antibiotics at the time of our study; the most used antibiotic classes were fluoroquinolones in medical wards, cephalosporins in surgical wards, and penicillins and glycopeptides in intensive care units.Conclusion.Our study emphasizes the need for implementing further HAI surveillance to provide the National Health System with proper tools to prevent and manage infection in hospitalized patients.

Published
2009

225. Digital X-ray tool 'idias' for the treatment of the ocular pathologies with proton beam

Author

Salamone, V, Luigi, R, Nicotra, P, Privitera, G, Spatola, C, Cirrone, GP, Ott, J, and Reibaldi, A

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

In the italian proton therapy center for the treatment of the ocular pathologies of the Hospital "G. Rodolico" of the University of Catania, we have treated about 200 patient with a 62 MeV proton beam of a superconductor cyclotron in the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of the National Insitute[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], PTCOG 48; Meeting of the Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group

Published
2009
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227. Hydration effects on photophysical properties of collagen

Author

Scordino, Agata, Grasso, Rosaria, Gulino, M., Lanzanò, L., Musumeci, Francesco, Privitera, G., Tedesco, M., Triglia, Antonio, Britzhik, L., and Lanzano', Luca

Subjects
Soliton state, Materials science, Chemical engineering, Small polaron, Computational chemistry, Delayed luminescence, Collagen
Published
2009

237. Ion beam irradiation system for biological samples

Author

Gulino, M., Abe, T., Costanzo, E., Cuttone, G., Cirrone, G. A. P., DE LUCA, G., Leonardi, Cherubino, Lojacono, P., Grasso, Rosaria, Kambara, T., Lanzanò, L., Musumeci, Francesco, Privitera, G., Ryuto, H., Romano, F., Scordino, Agata, and Tribulato, Alessandro

Subjects
ion beam irradiation
Published
2007

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