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Terapijska arteriogeneza predstavlja novu terapijsku opciju za ove bolesnike sa refraktornom ishemijkom koronarnom bolesti. Cilj terapijske arteriogeneze je da indukuje stvaranje novih krvnih sudova koji mogu da poboljšaju protok krvi u regionima koji nemaju adekvatno snabdevanje krvlju. Našim istraživenjem očekujemo da tokom perioda praćenja bolesnici koji budu dobijali heparin (H) zajedno sa fizičkim opterećenjem imaju više izraženu koronarnu arteriogenezu i kolateralnu cirkulaciju, manje tegoba po tipu stabilne srčane angine i manju ishemiju srčanog mišića na stresnoj ehokardiografiji. Ciljevi: ove studije, koja je uključivala bolesnike sa refraktornom srčanom anginom koji nisu kandidati za revaskularizaciju, su da se: 1. Proceni težina stabilne srčane angine pre i nakon fizičkog treninga. 2. Izračuna indeks pokretljivosti zidova leve komore pri maksimalnom opterećenju tokom stres egokardiografskog testa opterećenjem pre i nakon fizičkog treninga. 3. Proceni kolateralna cirkulacija na MSCT koronarnoj angiografiji pre i nakon fizičkog treninga. Materijal i metode: Naša studija je obuhvatila 32 bolesnika sa hroničnom stabilnom anginom pektoris refraktornom na optimalnu medikamentnu terapiju, koji nisu kandidati za perkutanu i/ili hiruršku revaskularizaciju (tzv. ''no-option” bolesnici). Kao drugi kriterijum za uključenje u studiju bolesnici su morali biti sposobni da vežbaju. Ovi pacijenti su se u periodu od 2013. do 2019. godine lečili na Klinici za kardiologiju Kliničkog Centra Srbije. Bolesnici su bili randomizovani u 2 grupe (po 16 bolesnika u svakoj grupi). Grupa 1 (placebo+vežbanje, P+E), bolesnici koji su podvrgnuti standardnoj fizikalnoj rehabilitaciji (iv. Placebo 10 minuta pre svake od 2 dnevne sesije fizičkog treninga koji se održava 5 dana nedeljno tokom 2 nedelje). Kao placebo injekciju koristili smo intravensku injekciju od 2 ml sa fiziološkim rastvorem (0,9% NaCl). Grupa 2 (heparin+vežbanje, H+E), bolesnici koji su bili podvrgnuti standardnoj fizikal, Therapeutic arteriogenesis represents a new therapeutic option for patients with refractory cardiac angina. The goal of therapeutic arteriogenesis is to induce the formation of new blood vessels that can improve blood flow in regions that do not have adequate blood supply. In our study, we expect that during the follow-up period, patients receiving heparin (H), together with physical activity (exercise, E), have a more pronounced coronary arteriogenesis and collateral circulation, less severe type of stable cardiac angina, and less cardiac muscle ischemia on stress echocardiography. The aims: of the present study, which included patients with refractory cardiac angina who were not candidates for revascularization, was to: 1. Assess the severity of stable cardiac angina before and after physical training. 2. Calculate the peak stress wall motion score index of the left ventricule during stress echocardiography testing before and after physical training. 3. Assess collateral circulation by MSCT coronary angiography before and after physical training. Matherial and methods: Our study included 32 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris refractory to optimal medicament therapy, who are not candidates for percutaneous and/ or surgical revascularization (so-called 'no option' patients). As a second criterion for inclusion in the study, patients had to be able to exercise. From 2013 to 2019, these patients were treated at the Cardiology Clinic of the Clinical Center of Serbia. Patients were randomized into 2 groups (16 patients in each group). Group 1 (placebo, P + exercise, E), patients undergoing standard physical rehabilitation (iv. placebo 10 minutes before each 2-day physical training session, held 5 days per week for 2 weeks). We used intravenous injection of 2 ml saline (0.9% NaCl) as a placebo injection. Group 2 (heparin, H + exercise, E), patients undergoing standard physical rehabilitation with heparin pretraetment (same exercise as the previous group but wit

Jedan od načina da sistematizujemo teorije koje se bave problemom abortusa je da ih podelimo na one koji abortus definišu kao prekid trudnoće i one koji abortus definišu kao prekid života fetusa. Kada bira abortus, žena pravi dva različita izbora: prvo, ona odlučuje da prekine trudnoću, odnosno da ukloni fetus iz svog tela; i drugo, ona bira da prekine život fetusa. Trenutno, prva odluka (odluka o autonomiji) nužno sa sobom nosi i drugu (reproduktivna odluka). Upotreba veštačkih materica omogućila bi donošenje ovih odluka zasebno. To nas tera da razmotrimo način na koji se abortus shvata u etičkoj teoriji i da li je takvo shvatanje adekvatno, s obzirom na to šta abortus kao praksa podrazumeva. U svakodnevnom životu, kada razmatraju da li da abortiraju, žene ne razmatraju samo da li žele da budu u drugom stanju već i da li žele da budu majke., One way to classify theories that deal with abortion is to divide them into those that define abortion as the termination of pregnancy and those that define abortion as the termination of the life of the fetus. When deciding whether to have an abortion, at least in some cases, a woman actually makes two different choices: first, she chooses to terminate her pregnancy, that is, to remove the fetus from her body; and second, she chooses to end the life of the fetus. Currently, the first decision (the autonomy decision) is inseparable from the second one (the reproductive decision). The use of artificial wombs would enable these decisions to be made separately. This forces us to examine how ethical theories define abortion and whether such definition is adequate, given what abortion as a procedure is. Cannold's research shows that there is a big gap between what ethical theories say about abortion and what abortion really is for women who make that decision. In everyday life, when deciding whether to have an abortion, women not only decide whether they want to be pregnant, but also whether they want to be mothers. Therefore, we cannot define abortion as merely a termination of pregnancy.

Aim: Newly synthesized platinum(IV) complexes with ethylenediamine-N,N’-diacetate ligands (EDDA-type) (butyl-Pt and pentyl-Pt) were investigated against two cancer (A549 lung, and HTB 140 melanoma) and one non-cancerous (MRC-5 embryonic lung fibroblast) human cell lines. Materials and Methods: The effects of these agents were compared with those of cisplatin after 6-, 24- and 48-h treatment. Sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay was performed to estimate the cytotoxic effect, while the inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was measured using 5-bromo-2,-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Type of cell death induced by these agents was determined by electrophoretic analysis of DNA, flow cytometry and by western blot analysis of proteins involved in induction of apoptosis. The effects of gamma irradiation, alone and in combination with platinum-based compounds, were examined by clonogenic and SRB assays. Results: All examined platinum-based compounds had inhibitory and antiproliferative effects on A549 cells, but not on HTB140 and MRC-5 cells. Butyl-Pt, pentyl-Pt and cisplatin arrested the cell cycle in the S-phase and induced apoptotic cell death via regulation of expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL2-associated X (BAX) proteins. Platinum-based compounds increased the sensitivity of A549 cells to gamma irradiation. Butyl-Pt and pentyl-Pt showed better antitumour effects against A549 cells than did cisplatin, by interfering in cell proliferation and the cell cycle, and by triggering apoptosis. Conclusion: The effects of gamma irradiation on tumour cells may be amplified by pre-treatment of cells with platinum-based compounds.

A low-cost waste biomass generated from a food industry, apricot shells, was subjected to alkali modification in order to compare morphology, crystalline structure and thermal stability of native and modified biomass, accompanied by their cellulose-rich fractions. The surface morphology and structure of compared samples were analysed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury porosimetry. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis (TG/DTA) were applied. The results have shown that after alkaline treatment, inter- and intra-particle porosity in the material rises, resulting in increase of the total surface area. The XRD diffractograms showed that crystallinity index increased together with crystallite size, suggesting that modified sample has more ordered crystalline structure than native sample (also confirmed by the FTIR analysis). Although the cellulose-rich fraction extracted from the alkali-modified sample showed higher thermal stability, the overall thermal analysis revealed that alkali-modified biomass has lower thermal stability than the native sample. This indicates that this type of modification will improve the fuel properties of this lignocellulosic biomass and imply its possible application in energy recovery process.

The lack of clean water and waste generation are problems that exist in many parts all over the world. Different industries: electroplating, smelting and alloying could discharge cadmium pollutants into water body. Cadmium as toxic metal must be properly removed from wastewaters because it may lead to: kidney damage, respiratory insufficiency, hypertension, cancer, gastrointestinal disorder and osteoporosis. Globally depletion of natural and nonrenewable resources has induced need for application of renewable sources in environment protection practices; such as renewable biomass. Biosorption has emerged as an economically feasible alternative for the environment cleanup using naturally occurring, abundant, waste biomass. Application of biosorbents in the form of powder have difficulties associated with their powder properties, indicating need for suitable form with adequate mechanical strength (e.g. beads) for easily manipulation and further use in flow systems. The waste biomass which is tested as biosorbent of cadmium is cosmopolitan invasive aquatic weed - waste Myriophyllum spicatum immobilized as beads in natural polymer matrix-alginate – (MsA-B). M.spicatum grows on five continents and based on its widely negative effects on the environment in the whole world, this weed has been categorized as Category 1 Weed. M.spicatum used for preparation of beads originates from Sava Lake (Belgrade, Serbia) where it is regularly harvested by public company "Ada Ciganlija”. Ratio M. spicatum and alginate in beads is 2:1. This biosorbent (MsA-B) was characterized by Scanning-Electron-Microscopy-EnergyDispersive-X-Ray-Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). EDX spectra showed: Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl. Large amount of calcium originate from the water environment in which this aquatic weed lives. The surface of (MsA-B) is different from the surface of aquatic weed because the alginate covered the characteristic rectangular openings. The beads are not spherical, but more ovoid shape. The surface i

The goal of this study was to develop and validate an instrument for the measurement of the trait of Conscientiousness (C), as conceptualized through the HEXACO model, but in middle childhood, children using their parents’ ratings. Following a pilot study that singled out the items with the best psychometric characteristics, the main study was conducted using a final instrument on a sample of 264 children, who were rated by their mothers and/or fathers. Four facets were extracted in both mothers’ and fathers’ ratings, as well as a higher-order factor. Results suggest that obtained factor structures deviate to some extent from the one proposed by the HEXACO model, with certain discrepancies between factor structures extracted from mothers’ and fathers’ ratings. We discuss these discrepancies as well as conceptual and practical problems that might arise from attempting to measure children's personality traits.

Conspiracy theories are complex narratives that causally link multiple events and actors together. Believers tend to achieve their narrative coherence by establishing higher-order beliefs that can encompass even the specific contradictory conspiratorial claims. In spite of the complex structure of conspiracy beliefs, and an active role that a believer takes in producing them, previous studies have mostly ignored this and assessed it by single Likert- type statements. In this study, we adapted and validated a narrative construction task to assess conspiracy proneness. To this end, we first presented the respondents with a bogus event, ambiguous enough that it can be interpreted in a conspiratorial or non-conspiratorial manner (“rounding down” clients’ bank accounts). We then presented a list of potential claims related to it, divided into three groups — non-conspiratorial, mildly and extremely conspiratorial (12 for each group). Their task was to construct a coherent narrative by selecting and then organizing the supplied items. We also included contradictory information (4 pairs for each group), to check if participants’ would include them in their narratives. We derived indices of proneness to conspiratorial interpretation by counting the proportion of conspiratorial claims in the final narrative; we also tracked the number of chosen contradictory claims. A total of 218 participants completed all the materials. To validate the narrative measure, participants also filled in three questionnaires of belief in conspiracies — conspiracy mentality, the belief in specific and contradictory conspiracies scales, as well as a measure of proneness to endorsing incompatible beliefs — doublethink. The proportion of conspiratorial claims included in the narratives was on average 60%, while hardly any contradictory claims were selected (M = 1.6; SD = 1.1). Regression with measures of conspiracy beliefs as predictors showed that conspiracy mentality was the only significant predic

Shvaćeno najšire, seksualno obrazovanje se bavi pitanjima koja se odnose na ljudsku seksualnost, ključujući emotivne odnose, anatomiju reproduktivnih organa, seksualnu aktivnost, seksualnu orijentaciju, rodni identitet, rodne uloge, kontracepciju, reprodukciju, reproduktivno zdravlje, reproduktivna prava i seksualnu apstinenciju. Njegov cilj bi bio da pruži relevantne informacije i pomogne ljudima pri donošenju odluka o seksu i seksualnosti. Tradicionalno, tinejdžeri u mnogim kulturama nisu dobijali gotovo nikakve informacije o seksu, a rasprava o tim pitanjima smatrana je tabuom. Odgovornost za informisanje o ovim stvarima stavljana je roditeljima ili starijim članovima porodice i neretko je odlagana sve do stupanja u brak. Potreba za javnim govorom o seksualnom obrazovanju i uvođenjem programa seksualnog obrazovanja u škole javila se kao odgovor na sve veću učestalost nenamernih tinejdžerskih trudnoća šezdesetih i sedamdesetih godina dvadesetog veka, pre svega u zapadnim zemljama. Pojava HIV-a i masovno prenošenje ovog virusa putem nezaštićenih seksualnih odnosa osamdesetih godina stavlja novi akcenat na bitnost seksualnog obrazovanja, posebno u Africi, gde je seksualno obrazovanje shvatano kao ključno pitanje javnog zdravlja. Pored ovih, važne uloge seksualnog obrazovanja u društvu danas su borba protiv seksizma i homofobije, kao i povećanje svesti o seksualnom zlostavljanju i rodnoj nejednakosti. Pitanja kojima će se ovaj rad baviti su koji su dometi seksualnog obra¬zovanja i da li ono može da ima emancipatorsku ulogu. Brojne studije pokazuju da je uvođenje dugoročnih nacionalnih programa obrazovanja o ovim temama dovelo do smanjenja broja abortusa i pada stope seksu¬alno prenosivih bolesti, posebno među mladima između 15 i 24 godina starosti. Međutim, one takođe sugerišu da seksualno obrazovanje, bilo kroz školske programe bilo kroz različite javne kampanje, samo po sebi nije dovoljno da reši ove probleme, odnosno da je obrazovanje i pružanje relevantih inform

U okviru ovog rada ispitan je potencijal hidročađi komine kupine za uklanjane jona olova iz vodenih rastvora. Upoređena je adsorpciona efikasnost materijali dobijenih hidrotermalnom karbonizacijom na različitim temperaturama (20, 240 i 260°S). U cilju poboljšanja adsorpcionih performansi, najefikasnija hidročađje modifikovana primenom 1M rastvora KOH. Preliminarni rezultati su pokazali da modifikovana hidročađ pokazuje višestruko povećanje adsorpcionog kapa- citeta (85,5 mgle) u odnosu na nemodifikovanu (19,5 mg/g). Poznato je da alkalna modifikacija povećava broj kiseoničnih funkcionalnih grupa na površini hidročađi što može biti razlog poboljšanja adsorpcije olova. Rezultati pokazuju da KOH- modifikovana hidročađ kupine može biti razmatrana kao efikasan adsorbens jona olova.

U ovom istraživanju je korišćena hidročađ istrošenog supstrata gljiva radi ispitivanje njegove potencijalne primene kao sorbenta, u cilju uklanjanja Pb2+ i Zn2+ iz vodenih rastvora. Hidročađ je pripremana u hidrotermalnom reaktoru na temperaturi od 200 °C pri reakcionom vremenu od 1 h. Strukturna analiza istrošenog supstrata gljiva i hidročađi vršena je pomoću SEM analize, na osnovu koje je uočeno povećanje poroznosti materijala nakon hidrotermalne karbonizacije. Takođe, povećanje adsorpcionog kapaciteta hidročađi u odnosu na istrošeni supstrat gljiva se može direktno dovesti u vezu sa formiranjem pora na površini ugljeničnog materijala.

To meet the demand for new functional foods in line with the trend of sustainable development, a novel probiotic yogurt fortified with 1%, 3%, and 5% apple pomace flour (APF) added immediately after inoculation with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus,and Bifidobacterium bifidum was developed. Upon fermentation in the presence of APF, a number of probiotic strains remained within the required range, while the syneresis of enriched yogurts was reduced up to 1.8 times in comparison to the control. Supernatants (i.e., extracted whey) obtained from yogurts with 1%, 3%, and 5% APF respectively had 1.4-, 1.8-, and 2.3-fold higher total phenolic content (TPC) than the control, 3.3-, 4.7-, and 8.0-fold higher radical scavenging (DPPH), and 1.3-, 1.6-, and 1.7-fold higher reducing activity (FRAP). Also, probiotic yogurt supernatants (3% and 5%) inhibited colon cancer cells' viability (HCT 116, 12% and 17%; SW-620, 13% and 19%, respectively). The highest firmness, cohesiveness, and viscosity index values, and the highest scores for color and taste, were obtained for yogurt with 3% APF, indicating that this is the optimal APF amount for the production of novel yogurt with functional properties.

This paper focuses on lignocellulosic waste biomass originating from food industry, which should find its further application in order to fulfill demands of circular economy. Therefore, here are presented some of the chemical and physical properties that affect combustion process, as well as thermochemical reaction kinetics for lignocellulosic biomass wastes. The biomass investigated was peach stone particles originating from food industry. The results have showed that peach stones can be characterized as good energy alternative renewable material, with properties that allow its safe thermochemical conversion. Kinetic analysis of this biomass was performed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) with a simple reaction model applied, namely n-th order reaction model. The obtained results have confirmed the complex nature of this material and the need for further modelling.

Knowledge of the mobility of heavy metals and radionuclides, such as Pb, Cd, Zn and U, represents one of the goals of protection, regulation, rational use and irrigation of agricultural soils from the aspect of safe food production. The aim of this work was investigation of efficiency of natural mineral materials based on zeolite and apatite from domestic deposits in the mobility of heavy metals and radionuclides in the waters and soils of the different physico-chemical characteristics (pseudogley and chemozem). The affinity, efficiency, zeolite adsorption mechanisms and apatite adsorption precipitation were determined in a constant- pressure column system at 300 mg 1 for different pH values (5.00 and 7.00) of the basic contaminated solution (Pb, Cd, Zn, U) at time intervals of 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 minutes. In all experiments, significant changes in the pH of the filtrate occurred. The most significant changes in the pH of the filtrate, minimal fluctuations in the time interval, at pH = 5.00, recorded the basic solutions of Pb (7.69-7.87) and U (7.77-7.93) during leakage through the column with apatite, while slightly lower changes for Cd and Zn were observed. Changes also occurred in the column with the zeolite, but with a much lower intensity compared to the column of apatite, and with the trend of changes U> Pb Cd Zn. The trend of changes between apatite and zeolite also occurred in the basic contaminated solution with initial pH-7.00. Zeolite and apatite adsorption/precipitation processes successfully immobilized Pb at both tested pH values of stock solution. Our investigation showed that in colonies, apatite better immobilized U, zeolite is better for immobilization of the Cd, while for the Zn both materials showed a very similar affinity. Zeolite and apatite were added in amount of 20 gkg soil to reduce the content of water-soluble and easily accessible forms of Pb, Cd and Zn in uncontaminated and contaminated soil.

The quality of life on Earth in the future will largely depend on the amount of safe water. Any use of water from numerous sources for different purposes, leads to negative changes in its physical, chemical and biological characteristics, resulting in the formation of wastewater in many forms, as industrial, communal, agricultural or rain. This type of water should be collected, and purified using efficient and economical cost-effective technology, or otherwise pose a serious environmental problem. In order to stop this trend, a large number of countries are undertaking extensive measures and invests large resources in order to stop water pollution and return pure, unpolluted water to nature. In this paper, possible biological procedures for purification of the Ada Huja Lagoon Belgrade, using microorganisms from the genus Bacillus, are presented. The Laguna Ada Huja is the recipient of all the listed types of wastewater and as such represents a serious environmental problem. The experiment was performed in laboratory controlled conditions using two different doses of microorganisms. Measurements of essential parameters (pH value, Ammonium ion, Nitrites, Nitrates, Consumption of KMnO4. Chemical consumption of oxygen, Biochemical consumption of oxygen (BPK), Total organic carbon (TOC)) were performed for 1, 15 and 60 days from wastewater treatment. It has been found that proposed technology, a mixture of heterotrophic, aerobic and optional anaerobic microorganisms produces extracellular enzymes for increased degradation of organic compounds in aforementioned environmental conditions. The use of these microorganisms leads to a decrease of the wastewater BOD/COD content, in addition, it reduces the amount of waste suspensions, reduces the filamentous bacterial reduction of the sludge population, and improves the characteristic of deposits, and therefore wastewater meets the regulated boundaries of the outflows and discharges into the watercourses.

The apricot stones (KK) were investigated as biosorbent of copper ions from aqueous solution. The rigidity of lignocellulosic compact molecular arrangement, induce the necessity of its modification. The aim of this paper was to establish optimal parameters of KK modification in order to improve low-cost biosorbent with improved biosorption characteristics. The modification parameters were: initial NaOH concentration, contact time and biomass/base solution ratio. After sets of experiments, the optimal modification parameters for copper removal were found to be: initial concentration of modification agent 1.0 mol/L NaOH, solid/liquid ratio 1:20 and 180 minute of contact time. The results show that modified apricot shells doubled the binding affinity toward copper ions, and could be used as an efficient low-cost biosorbent, promoting more sustainable production and to stop waste disposal at landfill sites.

Biosorption is a branch of biotechnology emerged in order to provide low cost wastewater treatment and to minimize waste disposal at the same time. It is based on ability of biological materials to bind and to concentrate various pollutants from the aqueous solutions. Main advantages of biosorption process are efficiency, simplicity and availability of biomass. As bio-adsorbents many materials with biological origin have been investigated and their biosorption capacities have been reported in numerous research papers. Although the biosorption is often presented as a promising clean up technology for more than two decades, unfortunately most of the biosorption processes are still at laboratory scale. This paper investigates the reasons of lack of practical application and commercial success of biosorbents.

Attributing sinister motives to others can be manifested on either a personal level – as paranoia, or a societal level – as belief in conspiracy theories (CTs). Whilst more interpersonal forms of paranoia were proposed to be triggered by a threat coming from other individuals (ingroup threat), belief in CTs should be triggered by a threat from the other groups (outgroup threat). In a previous study of the effects of outgroup threat on belief in CTs, there was significant overlap in content of the threat and CTs it was supposed to evoke, which makes it difficult to discern priming effects from genuine effects of the threat on belief in CTs. For this reason, we conducted two studies (total N = 207) that varied in the extent of overlap between the threat manipulation and CTs and paranoia scales. In both studies, psychology students first read either a bogus scientific article about fierce competition and climate of distrust between psychology students and psychologists (ingroup threat) or between psychologists and economists (outgroup threat), while the control group read no such article. After this, all participants filled out two paranoia and two belief in CTs scales. Finally, we asked them to assess the extent of negative emotions elicited by the articles. In Study 1, there was no overlap in content between the threat manipulation and scales of belief in CTs/paranoia. In contrast, Study 2 was conducted to test if certain overlap in content could influence the results – we modified one of the scales for both belief in CTs and paranoia so that the items reflected CTs, or personal actions against psychologists, respectively. Results from both studies reveal that, while the threats were rated as believable and they were effective in eliciting negative emotions (Study 1: F(2, 88) = 13.62, p < .001; Study 2: F(2, 112) = 4.75, p = .01), they did not influence belief in CTs/paranoia – i.e. even with an overlap between the manipulations and the scales, there was no effect. A

Poznato je da postoje veze između očnih pokreta prilikom mentalnog predstavljanja i stvarnog rasporeda objekata u neposrednom iskustvu. Prethodna istraživanja su pokazala da očni pokreti oslikavaju pozicije objekata kada ispitanici gledaju određenu sliku, slušaju određeni opis ili prepričavaju jedno od ova dva (Johansson, Holsanova, & Holmqvist, 2006), kao i da je disperzija očnih pokreta negativno povezana sa skorom na spacijalnom mentalnom predstavljanju (Johansson, Holsanova, & Holmqvist, 2011). Cilj ovog istraživanja je replikacija nalaza Johansona i saradnika. Pošto je navedeno istraživanje prvo koje je demonstriralo ove efekte sa složenim stimulusima, potrebna je replikacija istraživanja, kako bi se utvrdila stabilnost fenomena i stvorila šira empirijska građa. Ispitanici (N = 36; 86% žena, uzrast 19/20 god.) su bili podeljeni u dve grupe –gledali su sliku ili slušali opis određenog prizora. Njihov zadatak je bio da prepričaju ono što su videli/čuli gledajući u beli ekran, a beležen je obrazac njihovih očnih pokreta. U analizi su praćene globalna korespondencija (GK; usklađenost celokupnog obrasca očnih pokreta) i lokalna korespondencija (LK; očni pokreti samo idu u odgovarajućem pravcu, ali ne oslikavaju opšti raspored prizora) očnih pokreta. Prikupljene su i mere ispitanika na OSIVQ upitniku koji meri kognitivne stilove tj. preferirani tip mentalnog predstavljanja (objektni, spacijalni ili verbalni). Rezultati pokazuju da GK između očnih pokreta i prepričavanja postoji samo u grupi koja je posmatrala sliku (28-68% poklapajućih objekata, V = 131, p < .05). Kod onih koji su slušali opis prizora postoji značajna samo LK (53% poklapajućih objekata, V = 154, p < .05). Rezultati pokazuju i da disperzija očnih pokreta nije povezana ni sa jednim od kognitivnih stilova u grupi koja je posmatrala sliku, dok u drugoj grupi postoji umerena negativna korelacija (r = -.48) između disperzije i objektnog mentalnog predstavljanja, koje karakteriše živopisnost mentalnih slika

Increasing fossil fuel depletion that leads to air pollution and global warming have become serious environmental problem. For this reason, a numerous of alternative biofuels have been developed and investigated as potential energy sources to substitute them. One of promising and highly effective technology for conversion of wet and waste biomass into multi-functional materials is a hydrothermal carbonization. In this study grape pomace was hydrothermally carbonized at different temperatures (180, 200 and 220 °C). Produced hydrochars were characterized in order to investigate its potential application as an alternative and energy-efficient renewable fuels. The carbon, fixed carbon, sulphur and volatile matter contents were determined in all hydrochar samples. Obtained results showed that temperatures play significant role on the structural characteristics of produced materials. As expected, the carbon content and fixed carbon content in hydrochars were increased with temperature increasing. Higher yields of carbon and fixed carbon observed in hydrochars indicated that intensive carbonization of biomass occurred. On the contrary, sulphur and volatile matter content were decreased. Observed reduction may be a result of dehydration and decarboxylation of grape pomace during hydrothermal treatment. These reductions are highly beneficial and improve the efficiency of solids’ direct combustion. Decreased volatile matter content can potentially reduce the release of inorganic vapours and pollutant emission during combustion, while decreased sulphur content preventing generation and emission of harmful sulphur oxides, SOx, compared to the parent biomass. The present study showed that hydrothermal carbonization mproved fuel qualities and potential of grape pomace hydrochars among different reaction temperatures.

U ovom radu ispitan je mehanizam koji se dešava prilikom interakcije jona olova, bakra i cinka sa oklaskom kukuruza. Svi eksperiment izvođeni su u šaržnom sistemu. Kako bi se ispitao sadržaj izmenljivih katjona koji se nalaze u strukturi oklaska kukuruza: K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ i H+ određen je kapacitet katjonske izmene (KKI). Morfološke karakteristike oklaska kukuruza i promene nastale nakon procesa biosorpcije jona metala ispitane su analizom Skenirajuće Elektronske Mikroskopije sa Energijskom Disperzijom X-zraka (SEM–EDX). Eksperimentalni rezultati ukazuju da se proces biosorpcije Pb2+, Cu2+ i Zn2+ jona na oklasku kukuruza odvija mehanizmom jonske izmene, pri čemu se joni metala najviše izmenjuju sa jonima kalijuma i vodonika.

In this study corn cob hydrochar was investigated as potential material for the biosorption process. The corn cob hydrochar obtained at different carbonization temperatures (180, 200 and 220°C) were examined as potential adsorbent of Mn2+ from aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity of corn cob hydrochar obtained at different carbonization temperatures followed the decreasing order: 220°C > 200°C > 180°C To enhance adsorption potential, hydrochar with best adsorption abilities obtained at 220°C (HC) was subjected to cold alkaline modification. The modified corn cob (M-HC) was prepared through a chemical treatment process using 2M KOH solution. Preliminary results showed that the M-HC exhibited excellent adsorption characteristics for Mn2+ removal from aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of M-HC and HC was 31.83 and 7.83 mg/g, respectively. It can be concluded that modified corn cob hydrochar can be used as a lowcost, eco-friendly and promising adsorbent with a good adsorption capacity for Mn ions removal from aqueous solutions.

Recently, there is a growing interest in the utilization of waste biomass to curb its potential negative impact on the environment, which includes CO2 emission and various types of soil pollution. Simultaneously, the development of thermochemical technolo gies for conversion of waste biomass into valuable materials becomes very attractive. Hydrothermal carbonization is proposed as a promising and highly effective technology in this field. In this paper, grape pomace was hydrothermally carbonized at 220 and 240°C to explore the potential application of derived hydrochars (HC-220 and HC-240, respectively) for removal of Cd(II) and Al(III) from aqueous solutions. Obtained preliminary results showed that adsorption capacities achieved using the HC-220 were 65.25 mg/g for Cd(II) and 17.13 mg/g for Al(III). On the other hand, the HC-240 showed smaller capacities for both examined materials (24.25 mg/g for Cd(II) and 9.0 for Al(II)). Differences in the structural properties of hydrochars produced at different carboniza- tion temperatures could be a reason for this observation. Literature data states that higher temperature causes the formation of energy-dense coal-like hydrochars with dominant aromatic structure. Therefore, material obtained at 240°C had less functional group on its surface and more aromatic structure compared to the HC-220, and thus less electron donating sites for metal ions adsorption. Results from this paper suggest that the grape pomace could be a promising precursor for the production of low-cost hydrochars for adsorption of Cd(II) and Al(III) from wastewaters. Besides, results can be further used for the optimization of the HTC process parameters to find the most adequate reuse of the waste grape pomace.

U ovom radu ispitana je upotreba kukuruzne svile za uklanjanje kadmijuma iz vodenih rastvora i to: sintetičkih rastvora i kontaminirane otpadne vode koja nastaje nakon procesa analize na Atomskom Apsorpcionom Spektrofotometru (AAS). Biosorpcioni eksperimenti su vršeni u šaržnom sistemu. Karakterizacija kukuruzne svile pre i nakon procesa biosorpcije kadmijuma vršena je ATR-FTIR i TGA/DTA tehnikama. Eksperimentalni rezultati ukazuju da kukuruzna svila za uklanjanje kadmijuma i drugih teških metala iz realne AAS otpadne vode potvrđujeda se ovaj materijal može koristiti kao efikasan i jeftin biosorbent.