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201. Neuroimaging genomics in psychiatry—a translational approach

Author

Mary S. Mufford, Dan J. Stein, Shareefa Dalvie, Nynke A. Groenewold, Paul M. Thompson, and Neda Jahanshad

Subjects
Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Neuroimaging genomics is a relatively new field focused on integrating genomic and imaging data in order to investigate the mechanisms underlying brain phenotypes and neuropsychiatric disorders. While early work in neuroimaging genomics focused on mapping the associations of candidate gene variants with neuroimaging measures in small cohorts, the lack of reproducible results inspired better-powered and unbiased large-scale approaches. Notably, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of brain imaging in thousands of individuals around the world have led to a range of promising findings. Extensions of such approaches are now addressing epigenetics, gene–gene epistasis, and gene–environment interactions, not only in brain structure, but also in brain function. Complementary developments in systems biology might facilitate the translation of findings from basic neuroscience and neuroimaging genomics to clinical practice. Here, we review recent approaches in neuroimaging genomics—we highlight the latest discoveries, discuss advantages and limitations of current approaches, and consider directions by which the field can move forward to shed light on brain disorders.

Published
2017
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216. White matter microstructure shows sex differences in late childhood: Evidence from 6797 children

Author

Katherine E. Lawrence, Zvart Abaryan, Emily Laltoo, Leanna M. Hernandez, Michael J. Gandal, James T. McCracken, and Paul M. Thompson

Subjects
Neurology, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neurology (clinical), Anatomy
Abstract

Sex differences in white matter microstructure have been robustly demonstrated in the adult brain using both conventional and advanced diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging approaches. However, sex differences in white matter microstructure prior to adulthood remain poorly understood; previous developmental work focused on conventional microstructure metrics and yielded mixed results. Here, we rigorously characterized sex differences in white matter microstructure among over 6000 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study who were between 9 and 10 years old. Microstructure was quantified using both the conventional model-diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-and an advanced model, restriction spectrum imaging (RSI). DTI metrics included fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean, axial, and radial diffusivity (MD, AD, RD). RSI metrics included normalized isotropic, directional, and total intracellular diffusion (N0, ND, NT). We found significant and replicable sex differences in DTI or RSI microstructure metrics in every white matter region examined across the brain. Sex differences in FA were regionally specific. Across white matter regions, boys exhibited greater MD, AD, and RD than girls, on average. Girls displayed increased N0, ND, and NT compared to boys, on average, suggesting greater cell and neurite density in girls. Together, these robust and replicable findings provide an important foundation for understanding sex differences in health and disease.

Published
2022

221. Improving data availability for brain image biobanking in healthy subjects: Practice-based suggestions from an international multidisciplinary working group.

Author

Susan D. Shenkin, Cyril R. Pernet, Thomas E. Nichols, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Paul M. Matthews, Aad van der Lugt, Clare E. Mackay, Linda J. Lanyon, Bernard Mazoyer, James P. Boardman, Paul M. Thompson, Nick C. Fox, Daniel S. Marcus, Aziz Sheikh, Simon R. Cox, Devasuda Anblagan, Dominic Job, David Alexander Dickie, David Rodriguez, and Joanna M. Wardlaw

Published
2017
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223. ENIGMA and the individual: Predicting factors that affect the brain in 35 countries worldwide.

Author

Paul M. Thompson, Ole A. Andreassen, Alejandro Arias-Vasquez, Carrie E. Bearden, Premika S. Boedhoe, Rachel M. Brouwer, Randy L. Buckner, Jan K. Buitelaar, Kazima B. Bulayeva, Dara M. Cannon, Ronald A. Cohen, Patricia J. Conrod, Anders M. Dale, Ian J. Deary, Emily L. Dennis, Marcel A. de Reus, Sylvane Desrivières, Danai Dima, Gary Donohoe, Simon E. Fisher, Jean-Paul Fouche, and et al.

Published
2017
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227. Differential responses to habitat structure and degradation by two Grassbirds (Fam. Locustellidae) syntopic in floodplain grassland

Author

Israt Jahan, Philip D. Round, Paul M. Thompson, Tommaso Savini, and George A. Gale

Abstract

Wetland grassland birds world-wide face mounting threats due to habitat destruction especially in the Indo-Gangetic floodplains, where in addition to intense human use, primarily for agriculture, there is a paucity of baseline information to inform conservation and management. We examined the response of two co-occurring floodplain grassland specialists, the globally threatened Bristled Grassbird Schoenicola striatus and widespread but little-studied Striated Grassbird Megalurus palustris, to habitat structure and human use in floodplain grassland at two sites, one on the lower Ganges River and one on the Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh through point counts combined with vegetation surveys. Responses from the breeding seasons of 2018 and 2019 were assessed by linear models and bird densities estimated using distance sampling. Results indicate that the occurrence of Bristled Grassbird increased with homogeneous tall Saccharum grass cover but decreased with increased crop cover, which may be the main driver of its decline. Striated Grassbird showed a more generalized pattern of positive association with tall grassland vegetation including taller crops and exotic plants, but was also positively associated with grass harvesting indicating a lack of dependence on homogeneous grassland. Although the density of Striated Grassbirds at the Brahmaputra site was 3–4 times greater than that of Bristled Grassbird, it was absent from the other (Ganges) site, revealing previously unappreciated micro-habitat preferences. Comparison with a more common species provided a clearer understanding of habitat and human influences on the more threatened grassbird. Conservation of Bristled Grassbird requires careful management of grass harvesting and cattle grazing.

Published
2023

228. Significant heterogeneity in structural asymmetry of the habenula in the human brain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author

Yilamujiang Abuduaini, Yi Pu, Paul M. Thompson, and Xiang‐Zhen Kong

Subjects
Neurology, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neurology (clinical), Anatomy
Abstract

Understanding the evolutionarily conserved feature of functional laterality in the habenula has been attracting attention due to its potential role in human cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders. Deciphering the structure of the human habenula remains to be challenging, which resulted in inconsistent findings for brain disorders. Here, we present a large-scale meta-analysis of the left–right differences in the habenular volume in the human brain to provide a clearer picture of the habenular asymmetry. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles that reported volume data of the bilateral habenula in the human brain, and assessed the left–right differences. We also assessed the potential effects of several moderating variables including the mean age of the participants, magnetic field strengths of the scanners and different disorders by using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. In total 52 datasets (N = 1427) were identified and showed significant heterogeneity in the left–right differences and the unilateral volume per se. Moderator analyses suggested that such heterogeneity was mainly due to different MRI scanners and segmentation approaches used. While inversed asymmetry patterns were suggested in patients with depression (leftward) and schizophrenia (rightward), no significant disorder-related differences relative to healthy controls were found in either the left–right asymmetry or the unilateral volume. This study provides useful data for future studies of brain imaging and methodological developments related to precision habenula measurements, and also helps to further understand potential roles of the habenula in various disorders.

Published
2023

229. Genetic influences on the developing young brain and risk for neuropsychiatric disorders

Author

Ann M. Alex, Claudia Buss, Elysia Poggi Davis, Gustavo de los Campos, Kirsten A. Donald, Damien A. Fair, Nadine Gaab, Wei Gao, John H. Gilmore, Jessica B. Girault, Karen Grewen, Nynke A. Groenewold, Benjamin L. Hankin, Jonathan Ipser, Shreya Kapoor, Pilyoung Kim, Weili Lin, Shan Luo, Elizabeth S. Norton, Thomas G. O’Connor, Joseph Piven, Anqi Qiu, Jerod M. Rasmussen, Michael A. Skeide, Dan J. Stein, Martin A. Styner, Paul M. Thompson, Laurie Wakschlag, and Rebecca Knickmeyer

Subjects
Biological Psychiatry
Abstract

Imaging genetics provides an opportunity to discern associations between genetic variants and brain imaging phenotypes. Historically, the field has focused on adults and adolescents; very few imaging genetics studies have focused on brain development in infancy and early childhood (from birth to age six). This is an important knowledge gap as developmental changes in brain during the prenatal and early postnatal period are regulated by dynamic gene expression patterns that likely play an important role in establishing an individual’s risk for later psychiatric illness and neurodevelopmental disabilities. In this review, we summarize findings from imaging genetics studies spanning from early infancy to early childhood with a focus on studies examining genetic risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. We also introduce the Organization for Imaging Genomics in Infancy (ORIGINs), a working group of the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) consortium, which was established to facilitate large-scale imaging-genetics studies in infancy and early childhood.

Published
2023

230. The effect of climate change on avian offspring production: A global meta-analysis

Author

Lucyna Halupka, Debora Arlt, Jere Tolvanen, Alexandre Millon, Pierre Bize, Peter Adamík, Pascal Albert, Wayne J. Arendt, Alexander V. Artemyev, Vittorio Baglione, Jerzy Bańbura, Mirosława Bańbura, Emilio Barba, Robert T. Barrett, Peter H. Becker, Eugen Belskii, Mark Bolton, E. Keith Bowers, Joël Bried, Lyanne Brouwer, Monika Bukacińska, Dariusz Bukaciński, Lesley Bulluck, Kate F. Carstens, Inês Catry, Motti Charter, Anna Chernomorets, Rita Covas, Monika Czuchra, Donald C. Dearborn, Florentino de Lope, Adrián S. Di Giacomo, Valery C. Dombrovski, Hugh Drummond, Michael J. Dunn, Tapio Eeva, Louise M. Emmerson, Yngve Espmark, Juan A. Fargallo, Sergey I. Gashkov, Elena Yu. Golubova, Michael Griesser, Michael P. Harris, Jeffrey P. Hoover, Zuzanna Jagiełło, Patrik Karell, Janusz Kloskowski, Walter D. Koenig, Heikki Kolunen, Małgorzata Korczak-Abshire, Erkki Korpimäki, Indrikis Krams, Miloš Krist, Sonja C. Krüger, Boris D. Kuranov, Xavier Lambin, Michael P. Lombardo, Andrey Lyakhov, Alfonso Marzal, Anders P. Møller, Verónica C. Neves, Jan Tøttrup Nielsen, Alexander Numerov, Beata Orłowska, Daniel Oro, Markus Öst, Richard A. Phillips, Hannu Pietiäinen, Vicente Polo, Jiří Porkert, Jaime Potti, Hannu Pöysä, Thierry Printemps, Jouke Prop, Petra Quillfeldt, Jaime A. Ramos, Pierre-Alain Ravussin, Robert N. Rosenfield, Alexandre Roulin, Dustin R. Rubenstein, Irina E. Samusenko, Denis A. Saunders, Michael Schaub, Juan C. Senar, Fabrizio Sergio, Tapio Solonen, Diana V. Solovyeva, Janusz Stępniewski, Paul M. Thompson, Marcin Tobolka, János Török, Martijn van de Pol, Louis Vernooij, Marcel E. Visser, David F. Westneat, Nathaniel T. Wheelwright, Jarosław Wiącek, Karen L. Wiebe, Andrew G. Wood, Andrzej Wuczyński, Dariusz Wysocki, Markéta Zárybnická, Antoni Margalida, Konrad Halupka, Animal Ecology (AnE), and Polish Academy of Sciences

Subjects
Birds, Offspring production, Meta-analysis, Multidisciplinary, Climate change, 330 Economics
Abstract

Climate change affects timing of reproduction in many bird species, but few studies have investigated its influence on annual reproductive output. Here, we assess changes in the annual production of young by female breeders in 201 populations of 104 bird species (N = 745,962 clutches) covering all continents between 1970 and 2019. Overall, average offspring production has declined in recent decades, but considerable differences were found among species and populations. A total of 56.7% of populations showed a declining trend in offspring production (significant in 17.4%), whereas 43.3% exhibited an increase (significant in 10.4%). The results show that climatic changes affect offspring production through compounded effects on ecological and life history traits of species. Migratory and larger-bodied species experienced reduced offspring production with increasing temperatures during the chick-rearing period, whereas smaller-bodied, sedentary species tended to produce more offspring. Likewise, multi-brooded species showed increased breeding success with increasing temperatures, whereas rising temperatures were unrelated to reproductive success in single-brooded species. Our study suggests that rapid declines in size of bird populations reported by many studies from different parts of the world are driven only to a small degree by changes in the production of young., This meta-analysis was financed by the grant of the Polish National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki) (no. 2017/27/B/NZ8/00465) awarded to Lucyna Hałupka.

Published
2023

250. Novel genetic loci associated with hippocampal volume

Author

Derrek P. Hibar, Hieab H. H. Adams, Neda Jahanshad, Ganesh Chauhan, Jason L. Stein, Edith Hofer, Miguel E. Renteria, Joshua C. Bis, Alejandro Arias-Vasquez, M. Kamran Ikram, Sylvane Desrivières, Meike W. Vernooij, Lucija Abramovic, Saud Alhusaini, Najaf Amin, Micael Andersson, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Benjamin S. Aribisala, Nicola J. Armstrong, Lavinia Athanasiu, Tomas Axelsson, Ashley H. Beecham, Alexa Beiser, Manon Bernard, Susan H. Blanton, Marc M. Bohlken, Marco P. Boks, Janita Bralten, Adam M. Brickman, Owen Carmichael, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Qiang Chen, Christopher R. K. Ching, Vincent Chouraki, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Fabrice Crivello, Anouk Den Braber, Nhat Trung Doan, Stefan Ehrlich, Sudheer Giddaluru, Aaron L. Goldman, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Oliver Grimm, Michael E. Griswold, Tulio Guadalupe, Boris A. Gutman, Johanna Hass, Unn K. Haukvik, David Hoehn, Avram J. Holmes, Martine Hoogman, Deborah Janowitz, Tianye Jia, Kjetil N. Jørgensen, Nazanin Karbalai, Dalia Kasperaviciute, Sungeun Kim, Marieke Klein, Bernd Kraemer, Phil H. Lee, David C. M. Liewald, Lorna M. Lopez, Michelle Luciano, Christine Macare, Andre F. Marquand, Mar Matarin, Karen A. Mather, Manuel Mattheisen, David R. McKay, Yuri Milaneschi, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Kwangsik Nho, Allison C. Nugent, Paul Nyquist, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Jaap Oosterlaan, Martina Papmeyer, Lukas Pirpamer, Benno Pütz, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Jennifer S. Richards, Shannon L. Risacher, Roberto Roiz-Santiañez, Nanda Rommelse, Stefan Ropele, Emma J. Rose, Natalie A. Royle, Tatjana Rundek, Philipp G. Sämann, Arvin Saremi, Claudia L. Satizabal, Lianne Schmaal, Andrew J. Schork, Li Shen, Jean Shin, Elena Shumskaya, Albert V. Smith, Emma Sprooten, Lachlan T. Strike, Alexander Teumer, Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Roberto Toro, Daniah Trabzuni, Stella Trompet, Dhananjay Vaidya, Jeroen Van der Grond, Sven J. Van der Lee, Dennis Van der Meer, Marjolein M. J. Van Donkelaar, Kristel R. Van Eijk, Theo G. M. Van Erp, Daan Van Rooij, Esther Walton, Lars T. Westlye, Christopher D. Whelan, Beverly G. Windham, Anderson M. Winkler, Katharina Wittfeld, Girma Woldehawariat, Christiane Wolf, Thomas Wolfers, Lisa R. Yanek, Jingyun Yang, Alex Zijdenbos, Marcel P. Zwiers, Ingrid Agartz, Laura Almasy, David Ames, Philippe Amouyel, Ole A. Andreassen, Sampath Arepalli, Amelia A. Assareh, Sandra Barral, Mark E. Bastin, Diane M. Becker, James T. Becker, David A. Bennett, John Blangero, Hans van Bokhoven, Dorret I. Boomsma, Henry Brodaty, Rachel M. Brouwer, Han G. Brunner, Randy L. Buckner, Jan K. Buitelaar, Kazima B. Bulayeva, Wiepke Cahn, Vince D. Calhoun, Dara M. Cannon, Gianpiero L. Cavalleri, Ching-Yu Cheng, Sven Cichon, Mark R. Cookson, Aiden Corvin, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Joanne E. Curran, Michael Czisch, Anders M. Dale, Gareth E. Davies, Anton J. M. De Craen, Eco J. C. De Geus, Philip L. De Jager, Greig I. De Zubicaray, Ian J. Deary, Stéphanie Debette, Charles DeCarli, Norman Delanty, Chantal Depondt, Anita DeStefano, Allissa Dillman, Srdjan Djurovic, Gary Donohoe, Wayne C. Drevets, Ravi Duggirala, Thomas D. Dyer, Christian Enzinger, Susanne Erk, Thomas Espeseth, Iryna O. Fedko, Guillén Fernández, Luigi Ferrucci, Simon E. Fisher, Debra A. Fleischman, Ian Ford, Myriam Fornage, Tatiana M. Foroud, Peter T. Fox, Clyde Francks, Masaki Fukunaga, J. Raphael Gibbs, David C. Glahn, Randy L. Gollub, Harald H. H. Göring, Robert C. Green, Oliver Gruber, Vilmundur Gudnason, Sebastian Guelfi, Asta K. Håberg, Narelle K. Hansell, John Hardy, Catharina A. Hartman, Ryota Hashimoto, Katrin Hegenscheid, Andreas Heinz, Stephanie Le Hellard, Dena G. Hernandez, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Beng-Choon Ho, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Albert Hofman, Florian Holsboer, Georg Homuth, Norbert Hosten, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Matthew Huentelman, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Masashi Ikeda, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Mark Jenkinson, Robert Johnson, Erik G. Jönsson, J. Wouter Jukema, René S. Kahn, Ryota Kanai, Iwona Kloszewska, David S. Knopman, Peter Kochunov, John B. Kwok, Stephen M. Lawrie, Hervé Lemaître, Xinmin Liu, Dan L. Longo, Oscar L. Lopez, Simon Lovestone, Oliver Martinez, Jean-Luc Martinot, Venkata S. Mattay, Colm McDonald, Andrew M. McIntosh, Francis J. McMahon, Katie L. McMahon, Patrizia Mecocci, Ingrid Melle, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Sebastian Mohnke, Grant W. Montgomery, Derek W. Morris, Thomas H. Mosley, Thomas W. Mühleisen, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Michael A. Nalls, Matthias Nauck, Thomas E. Nichols, Wiro J. Niessen, Markus M. Nöthen, Lars Nyberg, Kazutaka Ohi, Rene L. Olvera, Roel A. Ophoff, Massimo Pandolfo, Tomas Paus, Zdenka Pausova, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, G. Bruce Pike, Steven G. Potkin, Bruce M. Psaty, Simone Reppermund, Marcella Rietschel, Joshua L. Roffman, Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth, Jerome I. Rotter, Mina Ryten, Ralph L. Sacco, Perminder S. Sachdev, Andrew J. Saykin, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Peter R. Schofield, Sigurdur Sigursson, Andrew Simmons, Andrew Singleton, Sanjay M. Sisodiya, Colin Smith, Jordan W. Smoller, Hilkka Soininen, Vidar M. Steen, David J. Stott, Jessika E. Sussmann, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Arthur W. Toga, Bryan J. Traynor, Juan Troncoso, Magda Tsolaki, Christophe Tzourio, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Maria C. Valdés Hernández, Marcel Van der Brug, Aad van der Lugt, Nic J. A. van der Wee, Neeltje E. M. Van Haren, Dennis van ’t Ent, Marie-Jose Van Tol, Badri N. Vardarajan, Bruno Vellas, Dick J. Veltman, Henry Völzke, Henrik Walter, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Thomas H. Wassink, Michael E. Weale, Daniel R. Weinberger, Michael W. Weiner, Wei Wen, Eric Westman, Tonya White, Tien Y. Wong, Clinton B. Wright, Ronald H. Zielke, Alan B. Zonderman, Nicholas G. Martin, Cornelia M. Van Duijn, Margaret J. Wright, W. T. Longstreth, Gunter Schumann, Hans J. Grabe, Barbara Franke, Lenore J. Launer, Sarah E. Medland, Sudha Seshadri, Paul M. Thompson, and M. Arfan Ikram

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The hippocampus in mammalian brain varies in size across individuals. Here, Hibar and colleagues perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis to find six genetic loci with significant association to hippocampus volume.

Published
2017
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