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869 results on '"Paoli, M"'

208. Protective role of olesoxime against wild-type α-synuclein-induced toxicity in human neuronally differentiated SHSY-5 Y cells.

Author

Gouarné, C, Tracz, J, Paoli, M Giraudon, Deluca, V, Seimandi, M, Tardif, G, Xilouri, M, Stefanis, L, Bordet, T, and Pruss, R M

Subjects
OXIMES, SYNUCLEINS, PARKINSON'S disease diagnosis, CELL differentiation, LEWY body dementia, NEURODEGENERATION, GENETIC mutation, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Background and Purpose Parkinson's disease ( PD) is usually diagnosed clinically from classical motor symptoms, while definitive diagnosis is made postmortem, based on the presence of Lewy bodies and nigral neuron cell loss. α-Synuclein ( ASYN), the main protein component of Lewy bodies, clearly plays a role in the neurodegeneration that characterizes PD. Additionally, mutation in the SNCA gene or copy number variations are associated with some forms of familial PD. Here, the objective of the study was to evaluate whether olesoxime, a promising neuroprotective drug can prevent ASYN-mediated neurotoxicity. Experimental Approach We used here a novel, mechanistically approachable and attractive cellular model based on the inducible overexpression of human wild-type ASYN in neuronally differentiated human neuroblastoma (SHSY-5Y) cells. This model demonstrates gradual cellular degeneration, coinciding temporally with the appearance of soluble and membrane-bound ASYN oligomers and cell death combining both apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways. Key Results Olesoxime fully protected differentiated SHSY-5 Y cells from cell death, neurite retraction and cytoplasmic shrinkage induced by moderate ASYN overexpression. This protection was associated with a reduction in cytochrome c release from mitochondria and caspase-9 activation suggesting that olesoxime prevented ASYN toxicity by preserving mitochondrial integrity and function. In addition, olesoxime displayed neurotrophic effects on neuronally differentiated SHSY-5 Y cells, independent of ASYN expression, by promoting their differentiation. Conclusions and Implications Because ASYN is a common underlying factor in many cases of PD, olesoxime could be a promising therapy to slow neurodegeneration in PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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209. Protective role of olesoxime against wild-type α-synuclein-induced toxicity in human neuronally differentiated SHSY-5Y cells.

Author

Gouarné, C, Tracz, J, Paoli, M Giraudon, Deluca, V, Seimandi, M, Tardif, G, Xilouri, M, Stefanis, L, Bordet, T, and Pruss, R M

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD) is usually diagnosed clinically from classical motor symptoms, while definitive diagnosis is made postmortem, based on the presence of Lewy bodies and nigral neuron cell loss. α-Synuclein (ASYN), the main protein component of Lewy bodies, clearly plays a role in the neurodegeneration that characterizes PD. Additionally, mutation in the SNCA gene or copy number variations are associated with some forms of familial PD. Here, the objective of the study was to evaluate whether olesoxime, a promising neuroprotective drug can prevent ASYN-mediated neurotoxicity.Experimental Approach: We used here a novel, mechanistically approachable and attractive cellular model based on the inducible overexpression of human wild-type ASYN in neuronally differentiated human neuroblastoma (SHSY-5Y) cells. This model demonstrates gradual cellular degeneration, coinciding temporally with the appearance of soluble and membrane-bound ASYN oligomers and cell death combining both apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways.Key Results: Olesoxime fully protected differentiated SHSY-5Y cells from cell death, neurite retraction and cytoplasmic shrinkage induced by moderate ASYN overexpression. This protection was associated with a reduction in cytochrome c release from mitochondria and caspase-9 activation suggesting that olesoxime prevented ASYN toxicity by preserving mitochondrial integrity and function. In addition, olesoxime displayed neurotrophic effects on neuronally differentiated SHSY-5Y cells, independent of ASYN expression, by promoting their differentiation.Conclusions and Implications: Because ASYN is a common underlying factor in many cases of PD, olesoxime could be a promising therapy to slow neurodegeneration in PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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211. Revisiting heavy ion collisions under the influence of strong magnetic fields.

Author

de Paoli, M. G. and Menezes, D. P.

Subjects
*HEAVY ion collisions, *MAGNETIC fields, *QUARK-gluon plasma, *TEMPERATURE effect, *NUCLEAR physicists, *NUCLEAR physics experiments
Abstract

The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) phase refers to matter where quarks and gluons are believed to be deconfined and it probably takes place at temperatures of the order of 150 to 170 MeV. In large colliders around the world (RHIC/BNL, ALICE/CERN, GSI, etc), physicists are trying to convert hadronic matter at these order of temperatures into QGP by looking at non-central heavy ion collisions. Possible experiments towards this search are Au-Au collisions at RHIC/BNL and Pb-Pb collisions at SPS/CERN, where the hadron abundances and particle ratios are used in order to determine the temperature and baryonic chemical potential of the possibly present hadronic matter-QGP phase transition. The magnetic fields involved in heavy-ion collisions, although time dependent and short-lived, can reach intensities higher than the ones considered in magnetars, around 1.7 × 1019 to 1020 Gauss. In fact, the densities related to the chemical potentials obtained within the relativistic models framework developed in previous works are very low (of the order of 10-3 fm-3). At these densities the nuclear interactions are indeed very small and this fact made us consider the possibility of free Fermi and Boson gases under the unfluence of strong magnetic fields. We investigate the effects of magnetic fields of the order of 1018, 1019 and 1020 G through a χ2 fit to some data sets of the STAR experiment. Our results shown that a field of the order of 1019 G can produce a much better fit to the experimental data than the calculations without magnetic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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234. Behavioural differences between weaner pigs with intact and docked tails.

Author

Paoli, M. A., Lahrmann, H. P., Jensen, T., and D'Eath, R. B.

Subjects
SWINE behavior, TAILS, ANIMAL welfare, WOUNDS & injuries
Abstract

Tail-biting in pigs (Sus scrofa) reduces welfare and production. Tail-docking reduces (but does not eliminate) tail-biting damage. The reason tail-docking reduces tail damage is unknown. It may reduce pigs' attraction to tails (H I), or increase tails' sensitivity to investigation (H2). To investigate these hypotheses, behavioural differences between 472 individually marked grower pigs with intact tails (nine groups of 25-34 pigs) or docked tails (nine groups of 22-24 pigs) were observed from 5-8 weeks of age on a commercial farm in Denmark. Pens had part-slatted floors, dry feeding and two handfuls of straw per day, and enrichment objects were provided. Behavioural sampling recorded actor and recipient for tail-directed (tail interest, tail in mouth, tail reaction) and investigatory behaviours (belly-nosing, ear-chewing, interaction with enrichment). Scan sampling recorded pig posture/activity and tail posture. Intact-tail pigs performed more overall investigatory behaviours but tail type did not affect the amount of tail-directed behaviours. Larger pigs performed more investigatory and tail-directed behaviours than smaller pigs and females performed slightly more tail investigation. Tail-directed behaviours were not consistent over time at the individual or group level. However, ear-chewing was consistent at the group level. One group with intact tails was affected by a tail-biting outbreak in the final week of the study (evidenced by tail-damage scores) and showed an increase over time in tail posture (tail down) and tail-directed behaviour but not activity. Overall, there were few behavioural differences between docked and undocked pigs: no evidence of reduced tail investigation (HI) or an increased reaction to tail investigation (H2) in docked pigs, and yet docked pigs had less tail damage. We propose that docking might be effective because longer tails are more easily damaged as pigs are able to bite them with their cheek teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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242. Early markers of preterm labor

Author

Paternoster, D.M., primary, Caramia, M., additional, Cardascia, L., additional, Name, S., additional, Parise, A., additional, Bertoldini, M., additional, De Paoli, M., additional, Plebani, M., additional, Dalla Pria, S., additional, and Grella, P.V., additional

Published
2000
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249. Cysteine and serine proteases in colorectal cancer

Author

Herszényi, L., primary, Plebani, M., additional, Carraro, P., additional, De Paoli, M., additional, Roveroni, G., additional, Cardin, R., additional, Tulassay, Zs., additional, Naccarato, R., additional, and Farinati, F., additional

Published
1998
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