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Keywords: jaw; myoclonus; EEG; SSPE EN jaw myoclonus EEG SSPE S63 S65 3 08/28/23 20230802 NES 230802 Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) or Dawson's encephalitis is a chronic debilitating disorder of the central nervous system characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, myoclonic jerks, extra-pyramidal symptoms and classical high-amplitude generalized periodic slow-wave discharges also known as Rademecker complexes in electroencephalogram (EEG). Here we present two cases with progressive cognitive impairment, jaw-myoclonus and characteristic EEG findings diagnosed with SSPE. Second video shows involuntary jaw-opening myoclonus accompanied by eye-widening, giving a surprised look, followed by head and truncal-negative myoclonus. [Extracted from the article]

In the modern era, despite the fact that the quantity of vehicles has dramatically expanded our roadways and transport networks, it still lacks the capacity to keep up with such increased vehicle traffic. As a result, a couple of the typical characteristics that may be seen in our megacities are the traffic congestion, auto accidents, and a rise in pollution. There has been a wide range of literature on traffic control systems, however intelligent transport surveillance remains as an active area of investigation because of new techniques like the Internet of Things (IoT) and its application in smart cities, which seems to develop the adequate basis for addressing the traffic-related concerns and subsequently lead to the emergence of Intelligent Traffic Management (ITM) system. The ITM system discussed in this study is assembled on the cloud computation, IoT, and data analytics. The trial outcomes shown good precision towards the accident detection and minimal average waiting times with a relatively low error in road occupied prediction. A prototyping is used to assess the viability of the system. With regard to determine the best routes, lowering average wait times, traffic congestion, expense of travelling, and the level of polluted air, our suggested technique aids in resolving the multiple difficulties that traffic management agencies confront. The system attempts to use algorithms from machine learning to forecast the optimal route on the basis of variables such as vehicle classification, accident incidence, and traffic mobilizing tendencies. The system finally suggests the notion of a green corridor, where emergency personnel are permitted to move without meeting any types of traffic congestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In approximately 25% of peripheral neuropathy cases, diagnosis remains obscure. In India, leprosy continues to remain one of the most frequent causes of peripheral neuropathy. We, in this prospective evaluation, performed nerve biopsies in patients with peripheral neuropathy for early confirmation of the diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 55 consecutive cases of peripheral neuropathy were included in this study. All patients were subjected to clinical and electrophysiological evaluation. Sural nerve biopsies were performed in all the patients. Result: After a nerve biopsy in 29 cases, we were able to identify the underlying cause of peripheral neuropathy. In 26 cases, the diagnosis remained obscure. The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was leprosy, which was seen in 20 cases. Other diagnoses were chronic demyelinating neuropathy (four cases), vasculitis (two cases), and amyloidosis in one case. In two biopsies, the findings were consistent with hereditary neuropathies. The demonstration of lepra bacilli was the most distinctive feature. In addition, foamy macrophages (100%) and granuloma (100%) formation, epineurial (83.3%) and endoneurial infiltration (69%) along with epineurial (87.5%) and perineurial thickening (77.3%) were also noted more frequently in leprosy-associated neuropathy. Conclusion: The nerve biopsies revealed that leprosy was the most common etiology in patients with peripheral neuropathy. In approximately 47% of the cases, even nerve biopsies failed to establish a confirmed diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon subtype of stroke. In general, patients with CVT have one or more risk factors for venous thrombosis. Malignancy is an established risk factor for venous thromboembolism, and is seen in 8.9% of the patients. However, the occurrence of CVT in the case of solid organ malignancy is a rare phenomenon. Cervical cancer is a malignancy that has rarely been associated with CVT, with only one case reported in the literature, and in that also diagnosis of CVT was incidental. We present a case of a young lady with recently diagnosed locally advanced cervical cancer who presented with headache, monoparesis, and focal onset motor seizures with preserved awareness. The initial neuroimaging showed intracerebral hemorrhage. However, subsequently, she was diagnosed with CVT with hemorrhagic infarction, which was initially masqueraded as a tumor bleed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Wallgren's tuberculosis (TB) timetable demonstrated co-occurrence of miliary TB and tuberculous meningitis in children. To verify the same in immunocompetent adults, we prospectively evaluated the prevalence and spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with pulmonary miliary TB. Materials and Methods This was a tertiary care, University hospital-based, prospective evaluation performed from December 2018 to June 2020. Newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary miliary TB were subjected to a detailed clinical, laboratory and MRI-based evaluation. All patients received treatment as per WHO guidelines. Results Out of 342 patients with pulmonary TB, 53 patients met the eligibility criteria. The median age at presentation was 32 y and approximately two-thirds of patients were female. Clinically, only two-fifths of patients had features of CNS involvement. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and imaging abnormalities were noted in 46 patients each. Twelve (23.5%) patients were diagnosed with definite-category tuberculous meningitis. Presence of an infarct significantly correlated with neurological features. Mantoux positivity correlated significantly with the presence of choroid tubercles, CSF changes and brain tuberculomas. Conclusion This is the first study to endorse Wallgren's observations in immunocompetent adults. A high index of suspicion, even in asymptomatic patients, may uncover tuberculous lesions involving the CNS and guide optimal monitoring of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Bhupender. Bajaj, Ankur. Wadhwa, Shweta. Pandey Sir, The radiological finding of an isolated transient focal lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum, that appears as a hyperintense signal [...]

We extend the application of multiwavelet-based Bernstein polynomials for the numerical solution of differential equations governing AC circuits (LCR and LC). The operational matrix of integration is obtained from the orthonormal Bernstein polynomial wavelet bases, which diminishes differential equations into the system of linear algebraic equations for easy computation. It appeared that fewer wavelet bases gave better results. The convergence and exactness were examined by comparing the calculated numerical solution and the known analytical solution. The error function was calculated and illustrated graphically for the reliability and accuracy of the proposed method. The proposed method examined several physical issues that lead to differential equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to assess the lip position using five different reference lines in individuals with a pleasing profile. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 200 subjects chosen from the local North Indian population. Non-growing subjects, between the age group of 18 years and 25 years with a pleasing facial profile were screened for the study via a questionnaire-based method to confirm their North Indian ancestry (history of past two generations from North India). All subjects included in the study gave their due consent to be a part of the study. The following conclusions were derived: 1. Norms for the horizontal lip position were derived for the North Indian population. 2. Upper lip position in relation to S1 (Steiner's) line and Ricketts' E line showed females having protrusive lips, while S2 (Sushner's) line showed protrusive upper lip in males. 3. S1 (Steiner's) line, showing protrusive lower lip in females. 4. The norms derived in this study showed statistically significant difference with retrusive upper and lower lips when compared to normative values of Ricketts' E plane and retrusive lower lip when compared to normative values of Sushner's line. 5. Sushner's S2 line showed the maximum stability and consistency; hence, it is the line of choice to judge the sagittal lip positions in profile analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the clinical-laboratory profile of pediatric Guillain-Barre syndrome and delineate features associated with need of mechanical ventilation. Methods: In a prospective observational study at tertiary care hospital, clinical-laboratory assessment and nerve conduction studies were documented in consecutive children hospitalized with Guillain-Barre syndrome according to Brighton criteria. Clinical-laboratory features were compared between ventilated and nonventilated patients using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Forty-six children (27 boys) with a mean age of 69.1±35.2 months were enrolled. History of preceding infection was present in 47.8%, bulbar palsy in 43.5%, feeble voice in 41.3%, sensory involvement in 13%, and autonomic involvement in 39.5%. Tetraparesis was noted in 87% of cases. Hughes disability scale >3 was noted in 44 children at admission and 39 (84.7%) at discharge. The most common electrophysiological type was acute motor axonal neuropathy (46.5%) followed by acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (39.5%), acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (7%), and inexcitable nerves (7%). Nine (19.7%) children were ventilated, 3 (6.5%) died or were lost, and 43 were discharged. Factors associated with need of mechanical ventilation on univariate analysis were older age, hypertension, bulbar palsy, feeble voice, lower Medical Research Council (MRC) sum, raised total leucocyte count, and history of preceding infection. Logistic regression revealed older age, history of predisposing illness, lower MRC sum at presentation, and bulbar palsy as independent predictors of mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The most common electrophysiological subtype in northern Indian children is acute motor axonal neuropathy. Older age, preceding infection, low MRC sum, and bulbar palsy are predictors of mechanical ventilation in pediatric Guillain-Barre syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During this covid-19 pandemic situation, virtual e-learning environment is more effective and useful for learners' and for any educational system to cater the needs. E-Learning provides opportunity to the learner's regardless geographic location, independent of time and place. E-Learning platform helps the learners to enhance their learning skills, employability skill development, subject expertise, and research skills by which the teaching and learning strategy get increases. Learning through e-platforms develop the technical skills, exploring the knowledge, interest of learning and way to change teaching style. Through this paper, an attempt is made to understand the learner's perception, their interactive pattern with the e-learning platforms and the organization/universities offering courses during the covid-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postmarketing surveillance of COVID-19 vaccination reveals that the COVID-19 vaccine administration is associated with several rare but serious neurological complications. Case Report: We report a case of new-onset tumefactive demyelinating brain lesion that developed after administration of an adenovector-based COVID-19 vaccine. A middle-aged female presented with recent right hemiparesis, which was noticed 2 days after she received the first dose of the vaccine. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large subcortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensities involving corpus callosum as well. The patient responded to oral methylprednisolone. At 4 weeks, a follow-up MRI revealed a reduction in size of the lesion. Conclusion: To conclude, adenovector-based COVID-19 vaccination may be associated with a tumefactive demyelinating lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the attitudes of American and Filipino college students and their intention to join the cause-related marketing (CRM) campaign. There were 200 Filipino and 180 American college students who joined the survey. The respondents were marketing majors. Using the theory of reasoned action (TRA), the results suggest a significant impact of religiosity, social influence, and attitude on the intention to join the CRM campaign. The results show that social influence has a positive relationship with attitude and intention to join CRM only in the U.S. Religiosity has a positive relationship with attitude and intention to join CRM in both countries. The results highlight the impact of cultural differences and exposure to CRM on consumer attitude and intention to participate in CRM across countries. This study suggests that marketers should design relevant CRM campaigns across countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]