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In the research, it was tried to determine the effect of entrepreneurship education on the relationship between personality types and individual entrepreneurial orientation of vocational school students. The originality of the research is that the analyzes were carried out before and after entrepreneurship education and applied to vocational school students. It is thought that this research will contribute to the field by obtaining information about the effect of entrepreneurship education. In the research, data were collected from 194 students who took entrepreneurship courses, both at the beginning of the semester and at the end of the semester, using the "single group pre-test and post-test technique". The five-factor personality types scale developed by Rammstedt and John (2007) was used to measure personality types, and the scale developed by Bolton and Lane (2012) was used to measure individual entrepreneurial orientation. Frequency, correlation and regression analysis methods were used in the research. As a result of the analyses, it was seen that there was a significant relationship between five factor personality types and individual entrepreneurial orientation, except for some sub-dimensions. In addition, when the pre-test and post-test results were compared, it was seen that entrepreneurship training did not affect the relationship between personality types and individual entrepreneurial orientation, except for some sub-dimensions. As a result of the research, it was concluded that entrepreneurship course contents should be prepared to develop students' entrepreneurial skills and increase their orientation, and that more emphasis should be given to applied methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education is the property of Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective - This study delved into the intricate dynamics between individuals' psychological well-being and their roles within the corporate realm. Methodology/Technique -- By scrutinizing the potential impact of personality types on adopting sustainable corporate strategies, the research identified six distinct personality types grounded in autonomy and self-control factors. Employing the Ryff scales of psychological well-being, the study engaged 1,110 residents of Latvia, unearthing valuable insights into the interplay between individual well-being and the successful implementation of sustainable corporate strategies. Finding -- These findings contribute a unique perspective to existing literature, deepening our comprehension of how diverse personality types influence and respond to sustainability initiatives. Novelty -- The research, thus, guides the formulation of more effective strategies and fosters a corporate culture that embraces sustainability as a fundamental value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Management Studies is the property of Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports is the property of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study is to compare the academic procrastination patterns of gifted students (GS) and typically developing students (TDS) in light of their temperamental characteristics. It is well established that academic procrastinating behavior has a wide range of repercussions on students' lives, school life, family relationships, and job choices. In addition to identifying potential variables that might be employed in causal analysis and intervention, it is critical to address and explain the factors that impede personal growth and performance. Academic procrastination is a widespread issue, psychosocial therapies to address it will not only promote students' academic growth but also improve the effectiveness of students, families, and educational professionals. In order to accomplish the aforementioned goals, a study involving 540 GS and 540 TDS from the senior year of high was carried out. According to their desire to participate and their placement in the pertinent cluster, which was established by using the Persona 360 School program in objective psychological tests, participating students were added to the study. The Functional Procrastination Scale, the Aitken Academic Procrastination Scale, and Temperament-Enneagram 9-Factor Personality Test were used to gather the data. Using the IBM SPSS 22.0 software suite, factor analysis and discriminant analysis were used in the analyses. The results showed that GS and TDS had different inclinations in terms of academic procrastination practices. Furthermore, it was discovered that, depending on their psycho-social traits and behavioral orientations, students' temperament and personality types affected the clustering pattern of procrastinating behavior. The findings were addressed in a context that would benefit parents, school counselors, and instructors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID-19 caused mild to severe infections in humans. The long-term epidemic environment harms people's mental health. To explore the impact of the epidemic on people's mental and psychological conditions, we surveyed in Wenzhou. Methods: We collected the data of people who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University for five types of mental and psychological diseases from January 2018 to December 2021. Then, taking December 2019 as the cut-off point, the 48-month data were divided into the pre-epidemic group and the dur-epidemic group. Based on the above data, statistical analysis was done. Results: From 2018 to 2021, the number of initial diagnoses, the number of disease visits, and drug consumption for these five types of mental and psychological diseases were all on the rise. Compared with the number of disease visits for all disorders in both psychiatry and neurology departments, it was found that the growth rate of these five diseases was higher than the growth rate of all disorders. We found that the number of disease visits, drug consumption, and scale scores after the COVID-19 outbreak were significantly different from those before the outbreak (P < 0.05). And the number of disease visits positively correlated with drug consumption (P < 0.0001, r = 0.9503), which verified the stability of the data. Conclusion: The epidemic environment has had a long-term and negative impact on people's mental and psychological conditions. Therefore, whether or not the epidemic is receding, we still need to be concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on mental and psychological health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Measuring the effect of suggestibility and personality traits on the psychological and national security of university students, and the differences in these psychological variables according to several demographic variables, the level of suggestibility, personality traits, and psychological and national security among students. Methods: The study sample consisted of 643 students, of which, 260 (40.4%) were males and 383 (59.6%) were females. Results: The level of suggestibility among the participants was high (183.94±83.47). In terms of psychological security dimensions, general reassurance had the highest average (44.47) and the lowest was social relations (32.73) with a moderate overall average of 150.32. There were direct and indirect relationships between psychological security and national security, with suggestibility directly affecting psychological security (0.38), national security (0.04) and personality traits (-740.75), where the mutual relationship between them in terms of influence as well as on the emotional relationship between suggestibility in its interaction with personality types because it affects national and psychological security (0.40). The interaction between psychological security and suggestibility affects psychological and national security (0.00), while it affects a common interactive relationship in the paths (-5676015.14). The most predictive factor for psychological safety is the interaction of suggestibility and personality traits, as shown by the β value, while the most predictive factor is personality. The mediating variable affects the prediction equation between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The most predictive variable is the suggestibility variable followed by personality traits, but considering the interaction between them has a higher effect and statistical significance for coefficient β. Furthermore, the most predictive factor for psychological safety is personality traits, followed by the joint interaction between personality traits and suggestibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Violent behavior in adolescents is one of the important public health problems; however, studies on this issue in developing countries are limited. Nowadays, adolescents spend a lot of day-night time watching TV. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between watching violent movies and perpetrating violent behaviors among adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2800 adolescents, aged 11 - 18 years, residing in urban and rural areas of Isfahan province were enrolled. This study received a part of a grantNo. 188169 dedicated to a project scrutinizing if watching violent movies by adolescents encouraged violent behaviors in the three domains of physical, verbal, and psychological violence. The data were gathered by a valid and reliable questionnaire, and SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: Violent behaviors were significantly higher among adolescents who watched more violent movies (adjusted OR = 1.6, CI: 1.3 - 2.1). Physical, verbal, and psychological types of violence achieved the adjusted ORs of 1.6 (CI: 1.3 - 2.05), 1.3 (CI: 1.1 - 1.6), and 1.07 (CI = 0.8 - 1.3), respectively. Conclusions:Watching violent movies can noticeably increase the frequency of violent behaviors among adolescents, especially in boys and rural students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An exploratory investigation was conducted to assess the influence of provider types on a client’s perception of mental health stigmatization in a health care setting. A subsample of respondents (n = 2,323) to the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health was included in the analysis. We used multiple regression to investigate the potential associations between provider types and number of providers seen for persons with mental health concerns experiencing health-care-related stigma. Seeking help from some groups was associated with increased odds of experiencing health care provider stigma. Seeing more professionals was also associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing health care provider stigma. The results clarify that individuals who experience mental illness often perceive discrimination and prejudice when seeking mental health treatment. Given the impact of stigma on treatment-seeking behavior, it is plausible that some mental health providers are contributing to the client’s choice not to seek care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bullying at school affects the health and development of children and adolescents. This study aimed to describe evidence about the characteristics of boys and girls identified as bullies in bullying situations. This is a review of publications from 2015 to 2020, operationalized in SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers and submitted to methodological quality assessment. The corpus was composed of 27 primary studies. It was found that boys do more bullying and are more engaged in physical aggression. Girls engage more in verbal or psychological type violence. Social/cultural issues are factors consistently associated with such differences. Regarding the consequences of the aggression perpetrated, bullies, regardless of gender, may also have mental health problems. This study gathers quantitative evidence on the characteristics of boys and girls who engage in bullying at school. Differences/similarities should be considered in anti-bullying intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this prospective longitudinal study was to explore whether co-occurrent internalizing difficulties and aggression in early childhood convey increased risk for later mental health problems in middle childhood. Participants were mothers from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), who provided assessments of child internalizing difficulties and aggression at ages 3 years (n = 54,644; 26,750 girls) and 5 years (n = 38,177; 18,794 girls), as measures of child depressive, anxiety, conduct-related, and oppositional defiant (OD) symptoms at age 8 years. Using latent profile analyses (LPA) of internalizing difficulties and aggression, four profiles were identified: low-symptom/normative; primarily internalizing; primarily aggressive; and co-occurrent. Among the other results, the co-occurrent group exhibited the highest levels of depressive, anxiety, and oppositional defiant symptoms at 8 years. Most children (78%) remained stable in their profile between ages 3 and 5 years. Among the transition patterns that emerged, transitions were observed both from the normative to a risk profile and vice versa. Children who remained stable within the co-occurrent profile or who transitioned from the co-occurrent profile to one of the other two risk profiles also exhibited more depressive, anxiety, and OD symptoms at 8 years of age, when compared with children who transitioned from the co-occurrent to the normative profile. The heterogeneity between early manifestation of internalizing difficulties and aggression, and specific type of later mental health symptoms not only supports a shared etiology between internalizing and externalizing difficulties but also points toward the need for person-centered monitoring in early childhood with further implications for early identification of difficulties and preventive measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper challenges the language of "interdisciplinarity," suggesting "pluralistic collaboration" as a better alternative. Interdisciplinarity, team science, and transdisciplinarity frame academic and problem-focused collaborations narrowly, overemphasizing epistemology, downplaying extra-disciplinary divides and nonacademic collaborators, and either ignoring or psychologizing individual-level phenomena. We first paint a picture of the tensions and divides that exist in pluralistic collaborations, in three dimensions—epistemic, cultural, and normative—using a series of literature reviews to simultaneously map and extend these dimensions. We then introduce and explore a fourth dimension—academic work styles. Individual level considerations of collaboration in the literature generally rely on psychological types. We explore what a more sociologically oriented approach to individual dynamics within collaborations would look like by identifying and exploring four general academic work styles: isolationist, imperialist, pragmatist, and pluralist. We conclude by emphasizing and reflecting on pluralistic collaboration. Pluralism exists along a range of dimensions, and pluralizing or homogenizing different dimensions (pluralizing pluralism) can produce diverse effects on the outcome of interdisciplinary collaboration. While we thus advocate for pluralism along a greater range of dimensions when addressing complex problems, we suggest that over-pluralization can be a problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document Among all the various types of mental and psychosocial illnesses, the most commonly occurring type is depression. It can cause serious problems such as suicide. Therefore, early detection is important to stop the progression of this disease that could endanger human lives. Predicting and detecting early-stage depression using machine learning (ML) techniques is a promising strategy. This study’s main purpose is to assess which ML techniques are highly appropriate and accurate regarding such diagnoses. Six supervised ML techniques namely: K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Support vector machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes (NB) were applied on dataset collected from Kaggle and compared for their accuracy (ACC) and performance in predicting depression. The performance of each model was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation and evaluated in terms of ACC, F1-score, Precision (PR), and Sensitivity (SEN). Based on the experimental results analysis, we can conclude that SVM and LR performed better than all other methods with an ACC of 83,32%. Therefore, we found that a simple ML algorithm can be used to assist clinicians and practitioners predict depression at an early stage, with excellent potential utility and a considerable degree of ACC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the notion of fake information as a tool of psychological influence in the context of hybrid wars. Works of the prominent academicians in the area of manipulation studies constitute the theoretical framework of this research. Empirical research methods such as observation, comparison, generalization and expert evaluation are used. First of all, types and methods of psychological influences used by mass media and social networks with a view to manipulate public opinions are distinguished. Moreover, the impact of emotions on the critical perception of the news is highlighted. The indicators of manipulative influence are defined in order to resist them. Besides, the ways of creating and distributing false information are described. In addition, the development of fakes identification mechanisms is considered a priority for the governmental and other public institutions. This is illustrated by a range of technologies developed to automatically detect fake news. Apart from that, the degrees of the information reliability are explored. Furthermore, structural elements of fake messages, which include the source and the message itself, are discussed. Misinformation of the public, promotion of certain opinions, encouragement of aggressive actions and instalment of doubts are singled out as the main tasks of fake information. Additionally, stages of countering fakes are distinguished. Finally, the specific features of the forensic expertise procedure are determined in order to provide information security in Ukraine. The research demonstrates the importance of an efficient security system, which would identify fake information and limit its propagation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a long time, the research on the cultivated land abandonment behavior of farmers, caused by natural constraints such as coastal ecological environment vulnerability and frequent extreme climates, has received extensive attention. However, few scholars pay attention to the impact of psychological construction of farmers' environmental risk perception on abandoned farming behavior, especially the use of psychological distance (PD) to quantify this abstract psychological process. Taking Shankou Town, Guangxi, China as an example, this study combines the PD in the field of sociology with the construal level theory to build a PD framework for coastal farmers. A structural equation model was used to explore the influence mechanism of the social, temporal, hypothetical, and spatial distances on farmers' cultivated land abandonment behavior. We found that coastal land abandonment is affected by social trust and the probability of extreme weather, although the risk preference under the 'discount rate' is not significantly affected. At the same time, the closer the spatial distance between the residence and the coastline, the higher the abandonment of cultivated land, although with a different impact. In addition, population mobility and human-sea connection were found to play a mediating role in the effect of psychological distance on cultivated land abandonment. We confirmed that the direction of the effects of the four types of psychological distance on land abandonment behavior is not consistent. This study is helpful to understand the cultivated land abandonment behavior of farmers in coastal zone, and tries to provide reference for coastal zone planting planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic required people to adapt rapidly to the digital transformation of society for social survival, which highlighted the divide between those who can and cannot digitalize. Previous studies investigated factors promoting adaptation to digitalization; however, outcomes from adaptation to a digitalized society have not been sorted into a parsimonious model, even though there should be several multifaceted outcomes (e.g., usefulness, economic profit, and social outcome), each of which is promoted by different factors. If the effects of individual background factors can be revealed, including the technicalenvironment and survival-relevant personality in relation to each outcome, it would help in the creation of a society where more people play an active role by adapting to digitalization. This study aimed to construct such a model by identifying major outcomes gained in a digitalized society and investigating individual factors that contribute to the degree of gain of each of these outcomes. Five dimensions were identified by online surveys and factor analysis: Socialization (outcomes derived from new social connections created online), Space-time (freedom from time and space constraints), Economics (monetary outcome by using digital services), and Information (ease and amount of acquisition of information) were the positive outcomes, whereas Loneliness (feelings of not being able to keep up with digitization) was identified as a negative outcome. We determined that technical-environmental factors (e.g., familiarity with digital techniques and the amount of money that can be used for digitalization) facilitated gain in four positive outcomes. Notably, leadership and conscientiousness facilitated the Socialization gain while etiquette suppressed it. These factors' effects would reflect the importance of a personality trait prioritizing construction and maintenance of social relationships. This study implies that material outcomes (i.e., Space-time, Economics, and Information) are promoted by technical-environmental support, whereas social outcomes may additionally require motivation and a positive attitude for purposeful social engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turcology Research is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contemporary Accounting Research is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Type A behavior pattern (TABP) is a personality type characterized by rapid speech, impatience, competition, and hostility. Asymptomatic cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is often endemic in older adults. Individuals with TABP commonly experience suboptimal sleep quality, and a correlation exists between sleep disturbances and CSVD. We investigated the relationship between TABP and CSVD markers and further explored the mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between TABP and CSVD. Methods: A cross-sectional survey included 764 community-dwelling adults aged 55–85 years. The TABP Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess personality and sleep quality, respectively. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine relationships between variables of interest. In addition, mediation analyses with bootstrapping were used to test whether sleep quality mediated the relationship between TABP and CSVD. Results: Of the 764 participants [median age 65 (61–69) years, 59.9% female], the population with type A personality accounted for 44.8%. After adjusting for covariates, TABP scores (p = 0.03) and PSQI scores (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with CSVD. In addition, sleep quality partially mediated the association between type A behavior and CSVD, and the mediating effect was 10.67%. Conclusion: This study showed that type A behavior was a risk factor for CSVD among older community-dwelling adults and that sleep quality mediated the relationship between type A behavior and CSVD. Changing type A behavior may help improve sleep quality, which may in turn reduce the prevalence of CSVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human brain supports social cognitive functions, including Theory of Mind, empathy, and compassion, through its intrinsic hierarchical organization. However, it remains unclear how the learning and refinement of social skills shapes brain function and structure. We studied if different types of social mental training induce changes in cortical function and microstructure, investigating 332 healthy adults (197 women, 20-55 years) with repeated multimodal neuroimaging and behavioral testing. Our neuroimaging approach examined longitudinal changes in cortical functional gradients and myelin-sensitive T1 relaxometry, two complementary measures of cortical hierarchical organization. We observed marked changes in intrinsic cortical function and microstructure, which varied as a function of social training content. In particular, cortical function and microstructure changed as a result of attention-mindfulness and socio-cognitive training in regions functionally associated with attention and interoception, including insular and parietal cortices. Conversely, socio-affective and socio-cognitive training resulted in differential microstructural changes in regions classically implicated in interoceptive and emotional processing, including insular and orbitofrontal areas, but did not result in functional reorganization. Notably, longitudinal changes in cortical function and microstructure predicted behavioral change in attention, compassion and perspective-taking. Our work demonstrates functional and microstructural plasticity after the training of social-interoceptive functions, and illustrates the bidirectional relationship between brain organisation and human social skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to cover the significance, uniqueness and means of performance of one of the masterpieces of the Viennese Classical School — Fantasia in c minor, op. 80 for mixed choir, piano and orchestra by Beethoven. The aim of this publication was to study the problems of performance interpretation of the legacy of the Viennese Classical School using the example of L. Beethoven’s Fantasia for piano, soloists, mixed chorus, and orchestra. Research methods were: creation of an information background; comparative analysis and structuring of information; identification of the categories that make the basis of the problem; generalization of obtained data. The materials based on audio and video recordings of the work by prominent representatives of the performing arts were used. The literature on the stylistic and compositional atmosphere of the era of Viennese classicism, as well as on features of the genres of the work was also used. The results of the study revealed the interrelationship of all components of the problem being studied. They evidenced the inseparability of such elements as genre, musical form, instrumentation, manner of performance, a certain historical period, as well as the stylistic orientation prevailing within it. Its main categories were identified while studying the chosen topic, as well as their dependency on the temporal, stylistic, individual, and psychological (performers’ personalities) context was established. These facts became a theoretical and methodological contribution to art science, history of performance, as well as music pedagogy. As a conclusion of the study on performing interpretation of the Viennese classics using the example of Fantasia by Beethoven, its genre stylistic and compositional technical universality was determined; the process during which the piano becomes a solo concert instrument; the role of improvisation in the large-scale synthetic genre; development of a single performance concept by the conductor, pianist and choirmaster, diversity of artistic and psychological types of performance while preserving the main author’s idea. The research of this topic has wide prospects in the future, thanks to its volume, multi-vector nature, connection with a wide range of musical subjects, and sensitivity to individual styles of interpretation in the context of different epochs. This is emphasized by the value of classical heritage, the need to preserve and popularize it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The concept of Awareness of Age-Related Changes captures people's perceptions of the positive (AARC-gains) and negative (AARC-losses) age-related changes they experience in several life domains, including their health. We investigated the cross-sectional associations of number and type of physical and mental health conditions with AARC-gains and AARC-losses. Methods: The sample comprised 3,786 middle-aged and older adults (mean age = 67.04 years; SD = 6.88) participating to the UK PROTECT study. We used hierarchical regression models to analyze whether after having included sociodemographic variables (model 1), number of physical (model 2) and of mental (model 3) health conditions explained a significant additional amount of variance in AARC-gains and AARC-losses, and whether the association between number of conditions and AARC depended on participants' age. We used multiple regression models to analyze the associations of types of physical and mental health conditions with AARC-gains and AARC-losses. Results: A higher number of physical health conditions was associated with higher AARC-gains and higher AARC-losses, but the association did not depend on participant age. After controlling for the number of physical health conditions, a higher number of mental health conditions was associated with higher AARClosses but not with AARC-gains, and the association was stronger among older participants. Small effects were found between greater AARC-gains and current cancer and between greater AARC-losses and diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, arthritic condition, cancer in full remission, osteoporosis, depression, anxiety disorders, and personality disorder. The remaining health conditions were either negligibly or non-statistically related to AARC-losses. Conclusion: Middle-aged and older adults having more physical health conditions and more mental health conditions may be at higher risk of negative views on their own aging. However, specific physical health conditions, such as arthritis, and certain mental health conditions, such as depression, may make adults particularly vulnerable to negative age-related perceptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classroom observation has been long considered a powerful tool for evaluating and monitoring teachers' performance and progress. Teachers can benefit from the feedback during the postobservation conference but giving feedback is not a simple skill and needs knowledge and training. Research on tackling postobservation problems remains emerging and the aim of this study is to explore the role that a teacher's personality type–based on DiSC personality test‐ might play in postobservation conferences and reaction to receiving feedback from the supervisor. To gather data, 20 nonnative EFL teachers were asked to take the DiSC personality test to have their personality types identified, then they were observed three times, and each time they received feedback on their classroom management techniques. Results indicate that teachers with different personality types act differently during the postobservation conferences. While D and i styles are active and tend to employ feedback moderately and strongly in their classes, S and C styles are mostly passive with the tendency of employing feedback moderately and weakly. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of personality types in teachers' tolerance of criticism and their tendency to apply the received feedback in their future classes. Practitioner points: Teachers with different personality types act differently during the postobservation conferences.Teachers with the same personality types act mostly similarly during the postobservation conferences.The findings facilitate the process of feedback giving by owning several assumptions about each personality type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, “ liver wind disease ” in Huangdi Neijing is distinguished from “ liver wind ” pathogenesis. In this article, we reveal the core pathogenesis of “liver wind disease” in Huangdi Neijing, as well as its treatment principles, methods, and prescriptions, in order to inspire modern clinical diagnosis and treatment of mixed anxiety and depressive disorder. “ Liver wind disease” in Huangdi Neijing is a type of emotional and mental illness that is caused by liver deficiency and wind and has a dual pathogenic mechanism of organ deficiency and external evil, with liver deficiency and wind movement as the core pathogenic mechanism, and multiple emotional changes such as sadness, anger, and hatred as the main characteristics. In western medicine, mixed anxiety and depressive disorder is a special category of depression, where the main symptoms of depression and anxiety are seen together, and is complex and variable. This disease is similar to “ liver wind disease”, which is characterized by variably emotional manifestations, and can therefore be treated with reference to the key pathogenesis of liver deficiency and wind movement, liver qi stagnation and disorders, and the characteristics of wind. The basic principle is to tonify the liver and treat the wind. Bugan Decoction in Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies or Dabugan Decoction in Auxiliary Verse on Drugs and Method for Zangfu Organs can be used accordingly. This article aims to illustrate the core pathogenesis of mixed anxiety and depressive disorder by drawing on the key pathogenesis of liver deficiency and wind movement in “liver wind disease”. Taking the method and decoctions of later generations as a reference, this article offers new ideas for the treatment of similar diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent literature provides alarming data on the increase in university academic stress. The role of personality in understanding and addressing this problem is well established. However, this evidence could be improved by adopting a person-centred approach (e.g., types), as opposed to the usual variable-centred approach (e.g., traits), and considering the role of gender. Our aim was to explore how personality types and gender relate to coping strategies and perceived coping efficacy for academic stress. A total of 810 university psychology students completed the NEO-FFI Inventory and the Coping Strategies Inventory. Post hoc tests for MANOVA and ANOVA were performed. Types and gender were used as predictors and coping strategies, and perceived coping efficacy as criteria. There was no type-gender interaction. Types combining low neuroticism-high conscientiousness (e.g., entrepreneur) chose the most adaptive coping strategies and showed the highest levels of perceived coping efficacy, while high neuroticism-low conscientiousness types (e.g., insecure) opted for maladaptive coping strategies and presented the lowest perceived coping efficacy. Gender was not associated with perceived coping efficacy but with use (e.g., women prefer emotional expression). The personality typology provided useful information on individual differences in coping with academic stress, which can help guide specific strategies to manage it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water insecurity has long been a pressing issue, particularly in the informal settlements of Windhoek. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between water insecurity and residents' psychological distress in Windhoek's informal settlements. The study draws upon secondary data collected by Future Resilience for African Cities and Lands in 2017. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish the relationship between water insecurity, psychological distress, and three manifest variables (source of income, housing type, and household structure). The study findings revealed a positive association between housing type and psychological distress (β - 0.056, p, 0.001). Household structure was negatively associated with psychological distress (β --0.035, p,0.001) and water insecurity (β --0.054, p,0.001). In addition, a positive association (β - 0.595, p,0.001) was found between water insecurity and psychological distress, suggesting that water scarcity negatively impacts residents' mental well-being. The study highlights the need to address the issue of water insecurity in informal settlements across Windhoek. This can be achieved by setting measures to make water and essential sanitation services more accessible and affordable to residents in these communities. Such approaches would help mitigate the effect of water insecurity on the psychological distress of persons living in informal settlements and create more resilient and sustainable settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time‐based prospective memory (TBPM) is affected by many factors, which include Type A and Type B personality types. Type A individuals have a strong desire to complete tasks and a strong sense of time‐urgency to complete established tasks before the deadline. Type B individuals have fewer time constraints and usually procrastinate until the deadline to complete the task. Compared with Type B individuals, Type A individuals may perform better in TBPM due to their advantages in time cognition and attitude. This study explores the differences in the TBPM ability between Type A individuals and Type B individuals under different time monitoring conditions. In Experiment 1, there was no limit to how many times participants could check the time. The results showed that the performance of TBPM between Type A individuals and Type B individuals was not different. In Experiment 2, participants could only check the time once during each TBPM task. The results showed that, compared to Type B individuals, Type A individuals performed better in TBPM, with higher time monitoring frequency and slower response speed to the ongoing tasks. These findings suggest that the performance of Type A individuals in TBPM has an advantage only under the restricted time monitoring condition. This advantage is then mainly due to the increase in the attention consumption of Type A individuals in both internal and external attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known regarding the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with both coronary heart disease (CHD) and type D personality, and whether these patients may benefit from psychotherapy that modifies metacognitive beliefs implicated in disorder maintenance. This study explored prevalence rates among these patients and associations between type D characteristics, rumination and metacognitions. Forty-seven consecutive patients with CHD who scored positive for type D personality were included in this pre-planned study. Participants underwent structured clinical interviews for mental and personality disorders and completed questionnaires assessing rumination and metacognitions. Mean age was 53.8 (SD 8.1) years and 21.3% were female. At least one mood disorder or anxiety disorder was found in 70.2% and 61.7% of the patients. The most common disorders were major depressive disorder (59.6%), social phobia (40.4%), and generalized anxiety disorder (29.8%). At least one personality disorder was detected in 42.6%. Only 21% reported ongoing treatment with psychotropic medication whereas none had psychotherapy. Metacognitions and rumination were significantly associated with negative affectivity (0.53–0.72, p <.001) but not social inhibition. Mood and anxiety disorders were highly prevalent and relatively untreated among these patients. Future studies should test the metacognitive model for type D personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speech imagery is one type of mental imagery specific to processing verbal sequences and plays a vital role in human thought processes. Speech imagery has become an interesting paradigm for researchers as speech imagery has a high similarity to real voice communication. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a noninvasive electrophysiological technique that measures the mental state of the brain directly from the scalp. The nature of the acquired EEG signals is nonlinear and nonstationary. As EEG signals have a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), artifacts occur during acquisition. Hence, an efficient framework of pre-processing is required to obtain artifact-free EEG for further applications. Selection of the optimal pre-processing techniques for EEG still remains a challenging task. This work focuses on employing and comparing the different pre-processing techniques and lists out the optimal solutions for pre-processing Speech imagery-based EEG signals. The techniques are compared based on the Mean Square Error and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Using the affect theory of social exchange, this study investigates the mediating role of students' affective commitment between their personality traits (extraversion and agreeableness) and academic performance. Design/methodology/approach: This research employs mixed-method study, that is exploratory text analysis using 123 responses followed by a survey of 300 responses among the management students to test the proposed model. Findings: Results reveal a direct positive association of extraversion and agreeableness with students' affective commitment towards their academic institution. Additionally, negative indirect effects of affective commitment were found between the two personality traits and academic performance. Originality/value: The study highlights both positive and negative outcomes of so-called favorable personality types of extraversion and agreeableness, thereby, building a prima facie case for promoting personality diversity in management institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptive multi-agent cooperation with especially unseen partners is becoming more challenging inmulti-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) research, whereby conventional deep-learning-based algorithms suffer from the poor new-player-generalization problem, possibly caused by not considering theory-of-mind theory (ToM). Inspired by the ToM personality in cognitive psychology, where a human can easily resolve this problem by predicting others' intuitive personality first before complex actions, we propose a biologically-plausible algorithmnamed the mixture of personality (MoP) improved spiking actor network (SAN). The MoP module contains a determinantal point process to simulate the formation and integration of different personality types, and the SAN module contains spiking neurons for efficient reinforcement learning. The experimental results on the benchmark cooperative overcooked task showed that the proposed MoP-SAN algorithm could achieve higher performance for the paradigms with (learning) and without (generalization) unseen partners. Furthermore, ablation experiments highlighted the contribution of MoP in SAN learning, and some visualization analysis explained why the proposed algorithm is superior to some counterpart deep actor networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression in patients with stroke has been a risk factor for adverse outcomes. Type D personality as a significant predictor of negative psychological status. However, the relationship with post-stroke depression (PSD) is still unclear. A prospective observational study of 533 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke was conducted between November 2020 and March 2021. Type D personality was assessed at baseline. The presence of depression was measured 3-month after discharge. During 3-month follow-up, a total of 141 patients developed PSD. On multivariate logistic analysis, the main effect of negative affectivity (OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.03–1.61, p = 0.030) and social inhibition (OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.01–1.54, p = 0.039) showed significant correlation with PSD when Type D analyzed as continuous variables. Furthermore, positive effects were found for the negative affectivity and social inhibition interaction (OR = 1.31, 95 % CI =1.11–1.55, p = 0.001) on PSD. Our findings suggest that Type D personality is high risk group of PSD. These findings highlight the importance of personalized interventions management in Type D individuals. • The post-stroke depression (PSD) was common in ischemic stroke patients during the 3-month follow-up • Type D personality group is a high-risk population for PSD • The negative affectivity, social inhibition dimensions of Type D and their interaction effect is associated with PSD [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Type A personality (TAP) was characterized by impatience, competitiveness, aggressiveness, and hostility. Higher TAP was proved to be associated with more eating disorder symptoms (EDS). While little is known about the underlying neural substrates of TAP and how TAP is linked to EDS at the neural level. To investigate the neural basis of TAP, we adopted fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) (N = 1620). Mediation models were examined to explore the relationship between TAP, EDS, and brain activity. TAP was associated with decreased fALFF in the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and increased fALFF in the left precentral gyrus (PreCG). Furthermore, TAP was positively correlated to RSFC between the left MFG and left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and between the left PreCG and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Mediation analysis showed TAP fully mediated the association of the left MFG activity, MFG-ITG connectivity, and PreCG-MTG connectivity with EDS. The cross-sectional design of this study precludes us from specifying the causal relationship in the associations we observed. Our results suggested spontaneous activity in the left MFG and PreCG is associated with TAP, and even in general sample, people with higher TAP showed more EDS. The present study is the first to investigate the neurobiological underpinnings of TAP in a large sample and further offered new insights into the relation between TAP and EDS from a neural basis perspective. • TAP was associated with spontaneous activity in the left MFG, PreCG, ITG, and right MTG. • Even in the general sample, people with higher levels of TAP showed more EDS. • TAP fully mediated the association of the left MFG activity, MFG-ITG connectivity, and PreG-MTG connectivity with EDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to identify the relationship between personality style, ostentatious consumption behaviour and family compatibility among Saudi women. The study sample consisted of 526 respondents and the results revealed that the most common personality type among the participants was sensory/intuitive (mean 37.52), followed by decisive/automatic (mean 23.90) and open/conservative (mean 32.44). The level of ostentatious consumption behaviour was 84.21. Regarding the dimensional levels of the family compatibility scale among Saudi women, the social environment was the highest with an arithmetic average of 25.13, followed by the compatibility of spouses - children with an arithmetic average of 36.82 and the compatibility of children - children with an arithmetic average of 22.02. The arithmetic average of the scale as a whole was 115.21 with a relative weight of 79.46%. These results demonstrated a statistically significant positive relationship (p=0.01) between all dimensions of the personality style scale and the family compatibility scale and the total degree, except for the family compatibility dimension - social environment and the total score of the boasting consumption behaviour. There were differences in personality style according to several demographic variables (age, number of children, economic income, duration of marriage, educational level) but not in the family pattern according to educational level. There were also statistically significant differences in family compatibility according to the number of children, economic income, duration of the marriage, and nature of housing but no differences in the family style according to age and educational level, in relation to proud consumption behaviour (age, number of children, economic income, duration of marriage) or consumption behaviour according to nature of housing and educational level. Finally, the study results showed the possibility of predicting family compatibility through personality style with 25.5% of the variation explaining the dimensions of the personality style scale, and 12.2% of variance explaining the predictive behaviour of ostentatious consumption among Saudi women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers have implied that organizational success was contingent on the compatibility between employees and organizations in the past two decades, known as person-organization (PO) fit. This research study aimed to assess relationships between hotel organizational culture, employee personality types, and PO fit. Using a sample of 231 hourly and salaried employees from 14 upper upscale hotels, results revealed relationships between hotel organizational cultures and a particular personality type of hotel employees. The article offers practical and theoretical implications for assessing employee personality types and PO fit in light of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historians of psychology are aware that, at its beginning, psychology had a choice with respect to the type of science it was going to be. It could be a content type psychology using the experimental method as proposed by Wundt or a basic empirical psychology founded on acts of consciousness explicated through critical analyses and careful descriptions of psychological phenomena as proposed by Brentano. As noted by Boring, because content was palpable and acts seemed elusive, Wundt's experimental psychology prevailed. But Watson believed that, as they were themselves still difficult to detect, the content of conscious processes were not sufficiently palpable. So, he advocated using behavior as the basis for experimental psychology. Yet palpability is essential for the experimental method, not for studying consciousness. Intentionality is the essence of consciousness, but it is not palpable, though detectable. In the teens and twenties of the 19th Century some German psychologists developed a type of bipartite psychology that included both acts and content, but their work remained isolated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earlier research has documented a relationship between parity and all-cause mortality, as well as parity and cause-specific mortality (e.g. cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality). Less is known about the relationship between parity and two very common (but less deadly) types of disorder: mental and musculoskeletal. We examine the association between parity and risk of disability pensioning from all causes and due to mental or musculoskeletal disorders, using Norwegian register data. In addition to controlling for adult socio-demographic characteristics, we control for unobserved confounding from family background by estimating sibling fixed-effects models. We find a higher risk of disability pensioning among the childless and those with one child than for parents with two children, both for all causes combined and for mental disorders. Childless men and fathers with one child also experience excess risk of being pensioned due to musculoskeletal disorders. For mental disorders, we find a positive association with high parity, particularly for men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For psychological formal models, the stability of different phases is an important property for understanding individual differences and change processes. Many researchers use landscapes as a metaphor to illustrate the concept of stability, but so far there is no method to quantify the stability of a system's phases. We here propose a method to construct the potential landscape for multivariate psychological models. This method is based on the generalized potential function defined by Wang et al. (2008) and Monte Carlo simulation. Based on potential landscapes we define three different types of stability for psychological phases: absolute stability, relative stability, and geometric stability. The panic disorder model by Robinaugh et al. (2019) is used as an example, to demonstrate how the method can be used to quantify the stability of states and phases, illustrate the influence of model parameters, and guide model modifications. An R package, simlandr, was developed to provide an implementation of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the types of psychological abuse and their relationship with internalising and externalising behaviours among Chinese junior middle school students (n = 619; male = 49.1%, female = 50.9%; mean age = 13.5 years, SD = 1.152 years). Latent profile analysis revealed four psychological abuse profiles: low, medium-low, medium-high, and high. Those students with high psychological abuse profiles also reported high internalising and externalising behaviours compared to those with lower psychological abuse profiles. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that gender and school grade differences had a significant impact on psychological abuse profiles. This finding suggested that boys were more likely to have a high psychological abuse profile than girls, and students in Grade 8 were more likely to have a high psychological abuse profile than students in Grade 9. Our findings underscore the importance of designing and implementing psychological abuse treatment interventions by profiles of the children for higher efficacy in reducing the risk of internalising and externalising behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To understand the progress of fear disease in patients with erectile dysfunction and explore its influencing factors. Methods From March 2022 to June 2022, 134 patients with erectile dysfunction in a third-class hospital in Taiyuan were selected by convenient sampling method, and the general situation questionnaire, the simplified scale of fear disease progression, anxiety and depression scale were investigated, and the relevant data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 26.0・ Results The total score of fear disease progression of erectile dysfunction patients was 28. 50 ±4・ 77, the score of physiological health dimension was 14.37 ±2. 65, and the score of social family dimension was 14. 13 ± 3.41 ・ Among the patients, 32 （23・ 9% ） had a fear disease progression score of m34. The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that education background, personality type, complicated diseases, anxiety and depression were the main influencing factors for the progress of fear disease in patients with erectile dysfunction. Conclusion The progress of fear disease in patients with erectile dysfunction is at a medium level・ Medical staff should actively take measures to control the progress of fear disease in patients with erectile dysfunction and improve their life quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The empirical study of gender differences in the dispositional mental states of university teachers who were internally displaced during martial law. Methods. A combined research strategy was used, integrating the methods for comparing samples of female and male participants. The different types of dispositional mental states of the respondents were identified by the author's methodology for the study of dominant mental states. Results. It was discovered that the respondents' psychological content parameters showed statistically significant gender-based differences. Group 1 prevailed in terms of anxiety (U = 855.0; p = .000). Group 2 prevailed in terms of self-control (U = 975.0; p = .001); awareness of events (U = 707.5; p = .000); expected attitude (U = 1074.0; p = .006); expected result (U = 1067.0; p = .006) and psychological wellbeing (U = 1113.5; p = .014). The dispositional mental states of a female sample of internally displaced university teachers were represented by five components with a total variation of Sd = 74.527%. The male sample had four factors with a total variation Sd = 94.442%. It was stated that there were significant differences between the dispositional mental states of female and male teachers in terms of formal characteristics and content loading of components. Conclusions. The scientific value of empirical facts about the dispositional mental states of university teachers who were internally displaced as a result of wartime action is justified. The importance of incorporating the discovered results into scientific and educational processes is emphasised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article an internal-family-systems-informed view is proposed on the present development of western civilization, applying it to inter-cultural relationships on a broader level in order to render possible a proper unblending from our current culture, which can in time lead to the emergence of a self-culture, one that can encompass not a global perspective, but an empathetic one that takes into account and respects the specific needs behind the roles of previous and current cultures. It is the present paper's proposal that firefighter cultures are imperialistic dominant civilizations, characterized by self-harm and a politics of fear and a continual trial-and-error to make life more beautiful because unnatural. In contrast, manager agricultural cultures are focused on daily living tasks and, given their greatest resemblance to self, there is now a regressive movement of interest taken to agricultural or rural communities, perceived as maintaining their connection to nature and naturalness. This presents the most needed occasion to integrate and recuperate the humanity in our current culture, whose anti-humanism and dysfunctionality can be sensed ever more acutely. In an effort to update the parts about the self, this paper aims to view our current potentially falling empire culture as a protecting firefighter of an ultimate extreme (given that it most probably includes socially assessed self-harm and suicidal tendencies beyond any other previous civilization), that could highly use this information regarding its positive intention and the potential healing of the most painful wounds that it tried to protect from. In finding out what the current cultural part wants the self to know about, we might discover the desperation in suffering or the darkness of the unknown, and thus our role as firefighters in mankind's cultural struggle with legacy burdens such as fragility and unknowingness. Therefore, the present paper aims to propose a type of cultural psychological work that can redefine our ideal culture from one on endless profit and pleasure for everyone to one of continual awareness of unfolding systems models. We do not need to take our current culture to dissolution beyond hope if we acknowledge its firefighter tendencies to be honored in their attempt to protect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hewstone and colleagues (2005, p. 294) define personality as a set of individual differences which are affected by the development of an individual: values, attitudes, personal memories, social relationships, habits, and skills. Those values and skills can in turn have a tremendous impact on students’ motivation and generally, the whole process of second language learning. Out of many theories of personality available, the article focuses on presumably the most recognised, i.e. Eysenck’s theory based on the distinction of two dimensions: extraversion/introversion and neuroticism/stability, psychoticism/normality which are called superfactors (Eysenck, 1994). The taxonomy differentiates between four personality types: an extrovert and introvert in two variants: stable and unstable and can also be analysed in terms of the correlation between traits, personality types and superfactors. The article discusses the concept of a teacher’s personality and cultural identity and its potential impact on students’ motivation, which, in turn, may trigger the development of dialogue and classroom interactional competence (CIC). It also provides some evidence showcasing certain divergence between students’ perceptions and opinions on the most motivating traits of a teacher’s personality and the factual character features that may boost their CIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personality has a significant weightage in our lives. It determines our cognitive abilities which directly affect our behaviour and our preferences and even affects our mental health. This project aims to predict users' mental health and MBTI personality using text inserted by the users via a web application. Utilizing Label Encoder and Count vectorizer, data was encoded. The machine learning model with the greatest accuracy score has been chosen. Several machine learning models were created and trained on the data-set, including Logistic Regression, SVM, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and K-Neighbors Classifier. The XG-Boost classifier predicts 16 different personality types across four axes based on introversion, intuition, reasoning, and perceived abilities, even when tested on the same dataset. The accuracy which was predicted given by k fold Cross Validation shows that the XG-Boost classifier gives the best accuracy of 67.68 percent for prediction of the personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper draws parallels between William James' thought and Carl Gustav Jung's work in Psychological Types, showing that both provided epistemologies that strived to redefine the notion of scientific objectivity to incorporate the realm of psychological experience. Jung generally admired James' pragmatism and his pluralistic vision. He shared James' idea that philosophical (and, therefore, epistemological) positions were ultimately expressions of certain psychological attitudes, which meant that a psychological typology could be used to account for the "personal equations" of philosophers, scientists, and psychologists in particular. It will be shown that Jung borrowed from James the idea of a psychological typology as an epistemological method, which he believed would ensure a more complete understanding of scientific objectivity. Parallels will then be drawn between Jung's notion of the "problem of opposites" and James' concept of the "divided self," both of which were resolved through religion. Crucially, for both Jung and James, expanding the borders of science to include psychology also meant incorporating religious experience. Finally, this paper argues that Jung's epistemological project in Psychological Types effectively expanded on James' pragmatism by synthesising various elements of James's thought - pluralism, the personal equation, typology, and the divided self - into one epistemological framework. Jung's work thus provides an important case study for the history of pragmatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]