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202. Effect of freezing on the quality of breast meat from broilers affected by wooden breast myopathy

Author

Villegas-Cayllahua, Erick Alonso, de Mello, Juliana Lolli Malagoli, Dutra, Daniel Rodrigues, de Oliveira, Rodrigo Fortunato, Cavalcanti, ÉrikaNayara Freire, Pereira, Mateus Roberto, Ferrari, Fábio Borba, de Souza, Rodrigo Alves, Carneiro, Nívea Maria Gomes Misson, Fidelis, Heloísa de Almeida, Giampietro-Ganeco, Aline, de Souza, Pedro Alves, and Borba, Hirasilva

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to characterize possible variations in the quality of wooden chicken breast meat during freezing for 12 mo, in order to prove whether the shelf life recommended by the industry allows the storage of that type of meat without compromising its consumption. Three hundred samples of male Cobb 500 broilers slaughtered at 42 d of age were used. Part of the samples (n = 20 normal—control group; n = 20 moderate degree; n = 20 severe degree) were analyzed on the day of collection (beginning), previously kept under refrigeration (4°C). The other samples were stored (−18°C) for up to 12 mo. At the end of each proposed freezing period (3, 6, 9, and 12 mo), physical and chemical analyses were performed (per period: n = 20 normal—control group; n = 20 moderate degree; n = 20 severe degree). Color (L*, a*, and b*), pH, water-holding capacity, cooking losses, tenderness, lipid oxidation, chemical composition, cholesterol concentration, mineral profile, and collagen concentration were evaluated. The physicochemical quality of wooden chicken breast meat is significantly altered during frozen storage for 12 mo, being of inferior quality when compared to normal chicken breast meat, which can negatively affect consumer acceptance. However, it should be noted that even after 12 mo of freezing, the meats did not show oxidative rancidity.

Published
2023
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203. Photosynthesis capacity of Quercus petraea (Matt.) saplings is affected by Molinia caerulea (L.) under high irradiance.

Author

Vernay, Antoine, Balandier, Philippe, Guinard, Ludivine, Améglio, Thierry, and Malagoli, Philippe

Subjects
PHOTOSYNTHESIS kinetics, DURMAST oak, FOREST regeneration, MOOR plants, TEMPERATE forest ecology, NITROGEN content of forest soils
Abstract

Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench is a well-known resource competitor to the detriment of tree regeneration in many boreal or temperate forests of the Northern hemisphere. This study aimed to investigate to what extent soil nitrogen uptake in interaction with light availability drives the early ( i.e. in two months) establishment of competition between oak ( Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and M. caerulea saplings. Two-year-old oak was grown in a greenhouse in 20 L pots, either alone or in combination with M. caerulea , at two irradiance levels (11% and 55% of incident photosynthetically active radiation, iPAR). Leaf photosynthesis measurements and soil 15 N-labeling were used to monitor changes in carbon assimilation and soil nitrogen uptake between and within species under well-watered conditions. Presence of M. caerulea had no significant effect on short-term oak sapling growth regardless of irradiance availability level. However, under 55% iPAR, M. caerulea had higher nitrogen uptake and photosynthesis capacity, whereas sessile oak grown with M. caerulea under 55% iPAR showed the same N uptake and a strong decrease in photosynthesis capacity compared to 11% iPAR. The findings reported here point to a very short-term response of photosynthesis and N uptake in a mixture of M. caerulea – oak saplings under 55% iPAR), which might partly result from greater nitrogen uptake by M. caerulea . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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204. Tissue Expression of Erythropoietin Predicts Survival Rates in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Author

Ferreira, Daniel Beltrame, da Costa, Walter Henriques, Clavijo, Diego Abreu, Decia, Ricardo, Cunha, Isabela Werneck, Schultz, Luciana, Rocha, Rafael Malagoli, Guimarães, Gustavo Cardoso, and Zequi, Stênio de Cássio

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate immunohistochemical erythropoietin (EPO) expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), its association with major clinicopathological variables and its prognostic impact.Methods: A total of 220 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) surgically treated between 1989 and 2009 were evaluated in this multi-institutional study. All the cases were reviewed by a single pathologist and the immunohistochemical reactivity to EPO was analysed using tissue microarray.Results: A total of 176 patients with ccRCC were considered, with an average of 48 months of follow-up. Of the tumours evaluated, 47 (26.7%) were negative for EPO expression, and 129 (73.3%) were positive. EPO expression was associated with incidental tumour (p?=?0.016), tumour size (p?=?0.015), Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) (p?=?0.016), blood transfusion (p?=?0.009) and adrenal involvement (p?=?0.038). The median ages of the patients with positive and negative EPO expression were 56.2 years and 66.6 years. Immunohistochemical EPO expression affected overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates. The DSS rates of the patients whose tissue was positive and negative for EPO expression were 85.3% and 76.1%, respectively (p?=?0.044). In a multivariate analysis, the absence of EPO expression proved to be a bad prognostic factor and negatively affected the OS (p?

Published
2017
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205. Stage Characterization and Marginal Bone Loss Evaluation Up to 96 Months of Crestal Sinus Augmentation With Sequential Drills: A Retrospective Study.

Author

Bernardello, Fabio, Felice, Pietro, Spinato, Sergio, Rebaudi, Alberto, Righi, Davide, Malagoli, Claudio, Torres-Lagares, Daniel, Ruiz, Rafael Flores, and Zaffe, Davide

Subjects
SINUS augmentation, DENTAL radiography, BONE density, FOLLOW-up studies (Medicine), DENTAL implants, HOMOGRAFTS
Abstract

Introduction: The 2-stage crestal approach to augment the maxillary sinus is a little-used technique. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess events characterizing stages of this technique after implant placement in the posterior maxilla with residual bone height less than 4 mm and evaluate the marginal bone loss (MBL) changes over time. Material And Methods:Thirty-three patients underwent unilateral sinus augmentations using the trancrestal technique with mineralized allograft. Six-months (6 m) after first surgery, if skeletal subsidence prevented insertion of a 10-mm-length implant, additional grafting was performed during implant (n = 33) insertion. Radiographs were taken before grafting (baseline), immediately after and at 6 months; immediately after and 6 months after implant placement; and at follow-up (24-96 m). Results: One implant was lost (ISR = 96.97%). Of the remaining 32 patients, 14 (A group) underwent standard implant placement, whereas 18 (B group) underwent additional grafting immediately before implant placement. Given that B-group patients initially obtained lower crestal bone height after first surgery, additional grafting procedures provided greater crestal height in the B group. A significant relationship between ending (eMBL) and 6mMBL was found in both groups, with greater values in the B group. However, in both groups, eMBL was always greater if 6mMBL was greater than 0.44 mm. Discussion: Results suggest a high and low skeletal-reactivity patient categorization. In both patient categories, MBL greatly depends upon 6-month values. Investigations are necessary to relate sinus size with results obtained by this 2-stage crestal approach. Conclusions: The 2-stage crestal sinus lift procedure not only provides predictable results, but also allows low skeletal-reactivity patient recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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206. The calcineurin-NFAT pathway controls activity-dependent circadian gene expression in slow skeletal muscle.

Author

Dyar, Kenneth A., Ciciliot, Stefano, Tagliazucchi, Guidantonio Malagoli, Pallafacchina, Giorgia, Tothova, Jana, Argentini, Carla, Agatea, Lisa, Abraham, Reimar, Ahdesmäki, Miika, Forcato, Mattia, Bicciato, Silvio, Schiaffino, Stefano, and Blaauw, Bert

Abstract

Objective Physical activity and circadian rhythms are well-established determinants of human health and disease, but the relationship between muscle activity and the circadian regulation of muscle genes is a relatively new area of research. It is unknown whether muscle activity and muscle clock rhythms are coupled together, nor whether activity rhythms can drive circadian gene expression in skeletal muscle. Methods We compared the circadian transcriptomes of two mouse hindlimb muscles with vastly different circadian activity patterns, the continuously active slow soleus and the sporadically active fast tibialis anterior, in the presence or absence of a functional skeletal muscle clock (skeletal muscle-specific Bmal1 KO). In addition, we compared the effect of denervation on muscle circadian gene expression. Results We found that different skeletal muscles exhibit major differences in their circadian transcriptomes, yet core clock gene oscillations were essentially identical in fast and slow muscles. Furthermore, denervation caused relatively minor changes in circadian expression of most core clock genes, yet major differences in expression level, phase and amplitude of many muscle circadian genes. Conclusions We report that activity controls the oscillation of around 15% of skeletal muscle circadian genes independently of the core muscle clock, and we have identified the Ca 2+ -dependent calcineurin-NFAT pathway as an important mediator of activity-dependent circadian gene expression, showing that circadian locomotor activity rhythms drive circadian rhythms of NFAT nuclear translocation and target gene expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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207. Epicardial adipose tissue and coronary artery calcium predict incident myocardial infarction and death in HIV-infected patients.

Author

Raggi, Paolo, Zona, Stefano, Scaglioni, Riccardo, Stentarelli, Chiara, Ligabue, Guido, Besutti, Giulia, Menozzi, Marianna, Santoro, Antonella, Malagoli, Andrea, Bellasi, Antonio, and Guaraldi, Giovanni

Abstract

Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) have been associated with incident coronary artery disease (CAD) and all-cause mortality in the general population. Their prognostic impact in HIV is unknown. Methods Observational study of 843 consecutive HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months. Risk stratification was performed with coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring and EAT screening. Patients were followed for CAD and all-cause mortality for a median of 2.8 years accounting for a total of 2572 patient-year follow-up. Results Mean patient age was 50 ± 8 years and 69% were men. At baseline EAT was associated with male gender, age, waist circumference, visceral adipose tissue, and lipodystrophy, while CAC score ≥100 was associated with male gender, age and total cholesterol. During follow-up 33 patients suffered an event (15 incident myocardial infarctions and 18 deaths); the EAT volume was larger and the CAC score was higher in patients with events (p = 0.038 and p = 0.001 respectively). Multivariable regression analyses demonstrated that the upper tertile of EAT (≥93 cc; OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.06 – 4.39, p = 0.034), and CAC score ≥100 (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.49 – 7.60, p = 0.003) were independent predictors of events after adjusting for age and sex. Conclusions In this observational cohort of HIV patients, EAT and CAC were independent predictors of hard outcomes after a median follow-up of approximately 3 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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208. Selenium speciation in human serum and its implications for epidemiologic research: a cross-sectional study.

Author

Vinceti, Marco, Grill, Peter, Malagoli, Carlotta, Filippini, Tommaso, Storani, Simone, Malavolti, Marcella, and Michalke, Bernhard

Subjects
SERUM, SELENIUM in the body, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research, SPECIATION analysis, CROSS-sectional method
Abstract

Observational studies addressing the relation between selenium and human health, particularly cancer risk, yielded inconsistent results, while most recent randomized trials showed a fairly consistent pattern suggesting null or adverse effects of the metalloid. One of the most plausible explanations for such inconsistencies is inadequate exposure assessment in observational studies, commonly carried out by measuring total Se content without taking into account the specific exposure to the individual chemical forms of the metalloid, whose toxic and nutritional properties may vary greatly. Data on the distribution of these species in human blood and their correlation with overall selenium levels are very limited. The concentrations of organic and inorganic selenium species were analyzed in serum of fifty subjects sampled from the general population of the municipality of Modena, northern Italy, aged from 35 to 70 years. Samples were collected during a 30-month period, and determinations of selenium species were carried out using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry. The majority of selenium was found to be present as organic species, but the inorganic forms showed higher levels than expected. These species showed limited correlations with age, sex and body mass index, while the organic forms increased in subjects consuming selenium-containing dietary supplements and decreased in smokers. The length of the sample storage period strongly influenced the distribution of selenium compounds, with a clear tendency towards higher inorganic and lower organic selenium levels over time. In multivariate analysis adjusting for potential confounders, total serum selenium correlated with human serum albumin-bound selenium and, in males, with two organic species of the metalloid (selenocysteine and glutathione peroxidase-bound selenium), while little association existed with the other organic forms and the inorganic ones. These findings highlight the potential for exposure misclassification of observational epidemiologic investigations based on overall selenium content in blood and possibly other tissues, and the critical role of the storage conditions for speciation analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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209. Role of Sulfate and S-Rich Compounds in Heavy Metal Tolerance and Accumulation.

Author

Khan, Nafees A., Singh, Sarvajeet, Umar, Shahid, Schiavon, Michela, and Malagoli, Mario

Abstract

Plants can withstand the potentially toxic effects exerted by a number of heavy metals through exclusion, which consists in restricted metal transport into plant tissues, or accumulation of metals, accompanied by the development of concomitant internal tolerance mechanisms. Plant tolerance and accumulation to heavy metals are known to be related to sulfur assimilation. The presence of metals can differently modulate genes involved in sulfate uptake and induce the sulfate assimilatory pathway. The regulation of S assimilation may be necessary to ensure an adequate supply of sulfur compounds required for heavy metal detoxification. The individuation of limiting steps of the sulfate assimilatory pathway in heavy metal tolerance and accumulation allows the possibility of genetic engineering approaches in order to develop plants with augmented phytoremediation capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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211. Toenail selenium and risk of type 2 diabetes: the ORDET cohort study.

Author

Vinceti, Marco, Grioni, Sara, Alber, Dorothea, Consonni, Dario, Malagoli, Carlotta, Agnoli, Claudia, Malavolti, Marcella, Pala, Valeria, Krogh, Vittorio, and Sieri, Sabina

Subjects
TOENAILS, PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of selenium, TYPE 2 diabetes risk factors, EPIDEMIOLOGY, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, COHORT analysis
Abstract

Epidemiologic studies, particularly randomized controlled trials, have shown a direct relation between dietary and environmental exposure to the metalloid selenium and risk of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association between baseline toenail selenium levels and diabetes occurrence in a case–control study nested in ORDET, a population-based female cohort in Northern Italy. After a median follow-up of 16 years, we identified 226 cases of type 2 diabetes cases and 395 age-matched control women with available toenail samples at baseline. The multivariate odds ratios of diabetes in increasing a priori defined categories of toenail selenium exposure were 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.61, 1.96), 0.71 (0.38, 1.34) and 1.14 (0.46, 2.80) compared with the lowest category. The results were not substantially altered when quartile distribution of toenail selenium in controls was used to define exposure categories. Spline regression analysis did not show homogeneous risk trends. Overall, we did not find an association between toenail selenium and subsequent development of diabetes. Since the diabetogenic activity of selenium is strongly supported by experimental studies and some observational investigations, our null results might be explained by the limitations of overall selenium toenail content to assess environmental exposure to selenium species of etiologic relevance in the study population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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214. MMPI-2 in Child Custody Litigation A Comparison Between Genders.

Author

Roma, Paolo, Ricci, Federica, Kotzalidis, Georgios D., Abbate, Luigi, Lavadera, Anna Lubrano, Versace, Giorgia, Pazzelli, Floriana, Togliatti, Marisa Malagoli, Girardi, Paolo, and Ferracuti, Stefano

Subjects
CUSTODY of children, GENDER differences (Psychology), MINNESOTA Multiphasic Personality Inventory, SELF-presentation, COMPARATIVE studies, SOCIAL factors
Abstract

In recent years, several studies have addressed the issue of positive self-presentation bias in assessing parents involved in postdivorce child custody litigations. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is widely used in forensic assessments and is able to evaluate positive self-presentation through its Superlative Self-Presentation S scale. We investigated the existence of a gender effect on positive self-presentation bias in an Italian sample of parents involved in court evaluation. Participants were 391 divorced parents who completed the full 567-item Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 during child custody evaluations ordered by several Italian courts between 2006 and 2010. Our analysis considered the S scale along with the basic clinical scales. North-American studies had shown no gender differences in child custody litigations. Differently, our results showed a significantly higher tendency toward "faking-good" profiles on the MMPI-2 among Italian women as compared to men and as compared to the normative Italian female population. Cultural and social factors could account for these differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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216. Concentration of lipids, cholesterol, and fatty acid profile in chicken breast meat affected by wooden breast myopathy frozen for up to 12 mo

Author

Villegas-Cayllahua, Erick Alonso, Dutra, Daniel Rodrigues, de Oliveira, Rodrigo Fortunato, Pereira, Mateus Roberto, Cavalcanti, Érika Nayara Freire, Ferrari, Fábio Borba, de Souza, Rodrigo Alves, de Almeida Fidelis, Heloísa, Giampietro-Ganeco, Aline, de Souza, Pedro Alves, de Mello, Juliana Lolli Malagoli, and Borba, Hirasilva

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of frozen storage for 12 mo on the concentrations of lipids and cholesterol and fatty acid profile of wooden chicken breast meat. A total of 120 samples of chicken breasts were selected, according to the degree of “wooden breast” myopathy [“severe,” “moderate,” and “normal” (absence of myopathy)], from male chickens slaughtered at 42 d of age, from Cobb 500 strain. Part of the samples (n = 20/grade of severity) were evaluated on the day of collection and the remainder were packaged, frozen and stored at −18°C for up to 12 mo. At the beginning (collection day) and at the end of the proposed freezing period (12 mo), analyses of lipid, cholesterol, and fatty acid profile were carried out. Percentage of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids were evaluated. Meats affected by wooden breast myopathy had lower levels of PUFA that exert beneficial effects on health, such as DHA, EPA and ARA, and this profile is impaired by prolonged storage (12 mo), which results in important nutritional losses for the consumer.

Published
2023
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217. Skin Cancer Diagnosis With Reflectance Confocal Microscopy: Reproducibility of Feature Recognition and Accuracy of Diagnosis

Author

Farnetani, Francesca, Scope, Alon, Braun, Ralph P., Gonzalez, Salvador, Guitera, Pascale, Malvehy, Josep, Manfredini, Marco, Marghoob, Ashfaq A., Moscarella, Elvira, Oliviero, Margaret, Puig, Susana, Rabinovitz, Harold S., Stanganelli, Ignazio, Longo, Caterina, Malagoli, Carlotta, Vinceti, Marco, and Pellacani, Giovanni

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) studies have been performed to identify criteria for diagnosis of skin neoplasms. However, RCM-based diagnosis is operator dependent. Hence, reproducibility of RCM criteria needs to be tested. OBJECTIVE: To test interobserver reproducibility of recognition of previously published RCM descriptors and accuracy of RCM-based skin cancer diagnosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Observational retrospective web-based study of a set of RCM images collected at a tertiary academic medical center. Nine dermatologists (6 of whom had ≥3 years of RCM experience) from 6 countries evaluated an RCM study set from 100 biopsy-proven lesions, including 55 melanocytic nevi, 20 melanomas, 15 basal cell carcinomas, 7 solar lentigines or seborrheic keratoses, and 3 actinic keratoses. Between June 15, 2010, and October 21, 2010, participanting dermatologists, blinded to histopathological diagnosis, evaluated 3 RCM mosaic images per lesion for the presence of predefined RCM descriptors. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcome was identification of RCM descriptors with fair to good interrater agreement (κ statistic, ≥0.3) and independent correlation with malignant vs benign diagnosis on discriminant analysis. Additional measures included sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of malignant vs benign for each evaluator, for majority diagnosis (rendered by ≥5 of 9 evaluators), and for experienced vs recent RCM users. RESULTS: Eight RCM descriptors showed fair to good reproducibility and were independently associated with a specific diagnosis. Of these, the presence of pagetoid cells, atypical cells at the dermal-epidermal junction, and irregular epidermal architecture were associated with melanoma. Aspecific junctional pattern, basaloid cords, and ulceration were associated with basal cell carcinomas. Ringed junctional pattern and dermal nests were associated with nevi. The mean sensitivity for the group of evaluators was 88.9% (range, 82.9%-100%), and the mean specificity was 79.3% (range, 69.2%-90.8%). Majority diagnosis showed sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 80.0%. Sensitivity was higher for experienced vs recent RCM users (91.0% vs 84.8%), but specificity was similar (80.0% vs 77.9%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The study highlights key RCM diagnostic criteria for melanoma and basal cell carcinoma that are reproducibly recognized among RCM users. Diagnostic accuracy increases with experience. The higher accuracy of majority diagnosis suggests that there is intrinsically more diagnostic information in RCM images than is currently used by individual evaluators.

Published
2015
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219. Co-Expression of p16, Ki67 and COX-2 Is Associated with Basal Phenotype in High-Grade Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast

Author

Perez, Amanda Arantes, Balabram, Débora, Rocha, Rafael Malagoli, da Silva Souza, Átila, and Gobbi, Helenice

Abstract

We assessed the co-expression of cell cycle-related biomarkers in a series of 121 consecutive cases of high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), pure or associated with invasive carcinoma, and their associations with the different immunoprofiles of DCIS. Cases were identified from the histopathology files of the Breast Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2003 to 2008. The expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2 overexpression, cytokeratin 5, epidermal growth factor receptor 1, cyclooxygenase-2, p16 and Ki67 were assessed. Tumors were placed into five subgroups according to their immunohistochemical profile: luminal A, luminal B, HER2, basal-like and “not classified”. We found that the basal phenotype was associated with a higher frequency of p16-positive cases (83%) and the luminal A phenotype showed a higher frequency of p16-negative cases (93%; p=0.000). The association of biomarkers p16+/Ki67+/COX2+was expressed in 02/06 cases (33.3%) of the basal phenotype but in only 01/70 cases (1.4%) of the luminal A phenotype (p=0.01). The co-expression of p16+/Ki67+/COX2-was associated with a basal phenotype (p=0.004). P16 expression, p16+/Ki67+/COX2+and p16+/Ki67+/COX2-co-expression showed significant associations with the basal phenotype and these profiles could be used to guide more aggressive treatment strategies in patients with high-grade DCIS.

Published
2015
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222. A clinical, pathologic, and molecular study of p53 and murine double minute 2 in penile carcinogenesis and its relation to prognosis.

Author

Rocha, Rafael Malagoli, Ignácio, Julianna Alves, Jordán, José, Carraro, Dirce Maria, Lisboa, Bianca, Lopes, Ademar, Carvalho, Kátia Cândido, da Cunha, Isabela Werneck, Cubilla, Antônio, Guimarães, Gustavo Cardoso, Vassallo, José, and Soares, Fernando Augusto

Subjects
PENILE cancer, CLINICAL pathology, P53 antioncogene, FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, GENE expression, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

Summary: Penile carcinoma constitutes up to 16% of male malignancies in developing countries. Changes in the p53 and murine double minute 2 pathway are important events in various cancers. Associate alterations in murine double minute 2 and p53 expression were evaluated by molecular techniques, with the clinical data of 297 cases of penile carcinoma. Automated immunohistochemistry was performed for murine double minute 2 and p53 using the primary antibodies SPM14 and DO7, respectively. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed using the probes murine double minute 2 at 12q15 and TP53 at 17p13.1. Slides were digitalized, and bright-field and fluorescent images were analyzed. TP53 was sequenced in 16 cases. The expression of p53 was higher in poorly differentiated, infiltrative border, corpus spongiosum, corpora cavernosa, and invasive urethral carcinomas. Patients who died of disease also expressed higher levels of p53. p53-negative tumors were associated with higher overall survival. Murine double minute 2 showed no difference of expression in any group of tumors, no correlation with p53 expression. No alterations in genes or chromosomes were observed. Mutations in TP53 were observed in 4 of 16 cases: p.T170M, p.L252P, p.C176Y, and the novel c.803_810del8; these changes correlated with p53 expression by immunohistochemistry. Murine double minute 2 is not useful in the prognosis of penile carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Additional studies on the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and epigenetic aspects are necessary to understand the interactions between p53 and murine double minute 2 because we did not observe any numeric alterations by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Examining p53 is helpful in identifying patients with more aggressive tumors and may be crucial in selecting the most suitable surgical procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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224. Gerenciamento Participativo em Saúde do Trabalhador: uma experiência na atividade de controle de vetores.

Author

de Gouveia Vilela, Rodolfo Andrade, Malagoli, Maria Elizabeth, and Morrone, Luiz Cartos

Subjects
EMPLOYEE participation in management, EMPLOYEE health promotion, VECTOR control, INDUSTRIAL hygiene, HEALTH risk assessment, INDUSTRIAL safety
Abstract

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2010
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226. Perioperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Outcome in Stable Patients after Elective Major Vascular Surgery.

Author

Bursi, F., Barbieri, A., Politi, L., Di Girolamo, A., Malagoli, A., Grimaldi, T., Rumolo, A., Busani, S., Girardis, M., Jaffe, A.S., and Modena, M.G.

Subjects
RED blood cell transfusion, HEALTH outcome assessment, VASCULAR surgery complications, POSTOPERATIVE care, OPERATING room nursing, MEDICAL screening
Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Definitive evidence that red blood cell transfusion improves outcome after vascular surgery is lacking. The aims of the study were to determine, among stable consecutive patients who underwent elective major vascular surgery, (1) the association between postoperative transfusion and 30-day death, myocardial infarction, and both, and (2) and if this association differs according to the presence of postoperative anaemia (haemoglobin value less than 9.0g/dL within 7days after surgery). Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 359 patients prospectively screened according to the ACC/AHA guidelines for preoperative risk in non-cardiac surgery. Main outcome was 30-day death; secondary outcomes 30-day myocardial infarction, and composite of 30-day myocardial infarction or death. Results: Of the patients included, 95 (26.5%) received at least one unit of red blood cells. Patients who received transfusion had a significantly increased hazard of 30-day death (hazard ratio [HR] 11.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.92–35.10; p <0.0001), myocardial infarction (HR 3.3, 95% CI 1.7–6.1; p =0.0003), and both (HR 4.0 95% CI 2.2–7.3; p <0.0001). Such associations held even after adjusting for baseline characteristics, surgical risk, bleeding, and propensity to receive transfusion. There was a significant interaction between transfusion and postoperative anaemia (p =0.012). In patients without anaemia, transfusion was associated with higher risk of 30-day death (HR 19.20, 95% CI 3.99–92.45; p =0.007), myocardial infarction (HR 5.05, 95% CI 2.23–11.44; p =0.0001), and both. Conversely, in patients with anaemia this association was not significant. Conclusions: In patients who underwent elective major vascular surgery, perioperative transfusion was associated with a significantly increased risk of 30-day events which was more attributable to patients with lesser degree of anaemia. Our data caution against the use of liberal transfusion in stable vascular surgery patients. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2009
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228. Chapter Thirty‐Eight In Vitro Methods to Monitor Autophagy in Lepidoptera.

Author

Tettamanti, Gianluca and Malagoli, Davide

Abstract

Abstract: Autophagy is attracting growing interest, especially in relation to increasing evidence of the importance of autophagic processes in animal development, as well as in human cancer progression. In holometabolous insects (i.e., that undergo four distinct life cycle stages, including embryo, larva, pupa and imago), such as flies, butterflies, bees and beetles, autophagy has been found to play a fundamental role in metamorphosis, and given the high degree of conservation of the genes and the basic mechanisms of autophagy, attention to these relatively simple models has increased significantly. Together with Drosophila, Lepidoptera larvae are among the most common invertebrate models in studies concerning the protective action of starvation‐induced autophagy or the possible role of autophagy as a programmed cell death process. In this chapter, we provide experimental methods developed for, or applicable to, the study of the autophagic process in the IPLB‐LdFB cell line derived from the fat body of the caterpillar of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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229. Prezzi del cibo e fame nel mondo.

Author

Malagoli, Claudio

Abstract

Copyright of Aggiornamenti Sociali is the property of San Fedele Edizioni SRL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2008

230. Interactions between Chromium and Sulfur Metabolism in Brassica juncea.

Author

Schiavon, Michela, Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A. H., Wirtz, Markus, Hell, Rüdiger, and Malagoli, Mario

Subjects
CHROMIUM, SULFATES, BRASSICA, BOTANICAL chemistry, METABOLISM, CHEMICAL composition of plants
Abstract

The article details a study which examined the influence of chromium on sulfate uptake, assimilation and metabolism in the accumulator Brassica juncea. The study utilized seven-day-old Brassica plants which were grown for two days under combined sulfate and chromate concentrations. It found that despite the toxic effects of chromate, its addition to Brassica juncea only caused slight reduction on the plant's growth. It was also discovered that sulfate uptake is significantly decreased in plants that were treated with chromium. Study authors concluded that the ability of plants to accumulate and tolerate chromium may be influenced by sulfate concentration.

Published
2008
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231. Accumulation of nutrients and heavy metals in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel and Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla in a constructed wetland of the Venice lagoon watershed.

Author

Bragato, Claudia, Brix, Hans, and Malagoli, Mario

Subjects
METALS, HEAVY metals, WATERSHEDS
Abstract

Abstract: A recently constructed wetland, located in the Venice lagoon watershed, was monitored to investigate growth dynamics, nutrient and heavy metal shoot accumulation of the two dominating macrophytes: Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus maritimus. Investigations were conducted over a vegetative season at three locations with different distance to the inlet point to assess effects on vegetation. The distance from the inlet did not affect either shoot biomass or nutrients (N, P, K and Na) and heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn) shoot content. With the exception of Na, nutrient and heavy metal concentrations were higher in shoots of P. australis than in B. maritimus. Heavy metal concentration in the incoming water and in the soil was not correlated to the plant content of either species. Shoot heavy metal concentrations were similar to those reported in the current literature, but accumulation generally increased towards the end of the growing season. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2006
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232. Sicurezza alimentare.

Author

Malagoli, Claudio

Abstract

Discusses the factors which are affecting qualitative and quantitative food security across the world. Hazards for the qualitative alimentary security such as food adulteration, and commercial fraud; Need to maintain standards in food quality as stated in the "White Book on Food Security," by the European Commission; Role played by politics in guaranteeing food security.

Published
2006

233. Sovranità alimentare.

Author

Malagoli, Claudio

Abstract

Focuses on the topic of food sovereignty. Discussion on agricultural subsidies and dumping of goods in foreign market; Factors responsible for malnutrition; Issues related to the quality of imported food.

Published
2005

234. Trace elements and melanoma.

Author

Bergomi, Margherita, Pellacani, Giovanni, Vinceti, Marco, Bassissi, Stefania, Malagoli, Carlotta, Alber, Dorothea, Sieri, Sabina, Vescovi, Luciano, Seidenari, Stefania, and Vivoli, Roberto

Subjects
MELANOMA, TRACE elements, CANCER, ZINC, COPPER, CHROMIUM, SELENIUM
Abstract

Abstract: Melanoma incidence has been steadily increasing in recent years in most western countries, thus suggesting a role of environmental risk factors. Among these determinants, it has been hypothesized that some trace elements of nutritional and toxicological interest may be implicated in the etiology of the disease. We examined patients with newly diagnosed melanoma of the skin and population controls from the Modena province northern Italy. Clinical and dietary data were collected through questionnaires, and toenails were sampled for trace element determination. Levels of cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, zinc, copper and iron in toenails were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and by neutron activation analysis. Data obtained from 58 cases and 58 controls indicated higher levels of copper and lower concentrations of iron in melanoma patients, whilst no other differences were seen for the remaining elements. Patterns of correlations of zinc and copper with the estimated intake of some dietary factors were different between cases and controls. Results of the present study suggest that abnormal intake or metabolism of copper and of iron might be implicated in the etiology of melanoma, whilst they do not indicate an involvement of exposure to cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium and zinc in this disease. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2005
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235. Nutraceutici transgenici.

Author

Malagoli, Claudio

Abstract

Focuses on the prime requirement of the consumers related to the availability of alimony products to meet their requirements and enhance their well-being. Role of transgenic alimony works to guarantee the requirements of the consumers; Significance of the review of alimony products before being sold to the consumers; Risks involved in pre-coming the eminent deficiencies in the alimony products.

Published
2005

236. Alimenti transgenici: opportunità o rischio?

Author

Malagoli, Claudio

Abstract

Copyright of Aggiornamenti Sociali is the property of San Fedele Edizioni SRL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2005

238. Dynamic Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Human Epidermal Keratinocyte Differentiation

Author

Cavazza, Alessia, Miccio, Annarita, Romano, Oriana, Petiti, Luca, Malagoli Tagliazucchi, Guidantonio, Peano, Clelia, Severgnini, Marco, Rizzi, Ermanno, De Bellis, Gianluca, Bicciato, Silvio, and Mavilio, Fulvio

Abstract

Summary Human skin is maintained by the differentiation and maturation of interfollicular stem and progenitors cells. We used DeepCAGE, genome-wide profiling of histone modifications and retroviral integration analysis, to map transcripts, promoters, enhancers, and super-enhancers (SEs) in prospectively isolated keratinocytes and transit-amplifying progenitors, and retrospectively defined keratinocyte stem cells. We show that >95% of the active promoters are in common and differentially regulated in progenitors and differentiated keratinocytes, while approximately half of the enhancers and SEs are stage specific and account for most of the epigenetic changes occurring during differentiation. Transcription factor (TF) motif identification and correlation with TF binding site maps allowed the identification of TF circuitries acting on enhancers and SEs during differentiation. Overall, our study provides a broad, genome-wide description of chromatin dynamics and differential enhancer and promoter usage during epithelial differentiation, and describes a novel approach to identify active regulatory elements in rare stem cell populations.

Published
2016
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239. Transcriptional, epigenetic and retroviral signatures identify regulatory regions involved in hematopoietic lineage commitment

Author

Romano, Oriana, Peano, Clelia, Tagliazucchi, Guidantonio Malagoli, Petiti, Luca, Poletti, Valentina, Cocchiarella, Fabienne, Rizzi, Ermanno, Severgnini, Marco, Cavazza, Alessia, Rossi, Claudia, Pagliaro, Pasqualepaolo, Ambrosi, Alessandro, Ferrari, Giuliana, Bicciato, Silvio, De Bellis, Gianluca, Mavilio, Fulvio, and Miccio, Annarita

Abstract

Genome-wide approaches allow investigating the molecular circuitry wiring the genetic and epigenetic programs of human somatic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) give rise to the different blood cell types; however, the molecular basis of human hematopoietic lineage commitment is poorly characterized. Here, we define the transcriptional and epigenetic profile of human HSPC and early myeloid and erythroid progenitors by a combination of Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE), ChIP-seq and Moloney leukemia virus (MLV) integration site mapping. Most promoters and transcripts were shared by HSPC and committed progenitors, while enhancers and super-enhancers consistently changed upon differentiation, indicating that lineage commitment is essentially regulated by enhancer elements. A significant fraction of CAGE promoters differentially expressed upon commitment were novel, harbored a chromatin enhancer signature, and may identify promoters and transcribed enhancers driving cell commitment. MLV-targeted genomic regions co-mapped with cell-specific active enhancers and super-enhancers. Expression analyses, together with an enhancer functional assay, indicate that MLV integration can be used to identify bona fide developmentally regulated enhancers. Overall, this study provides an overview of transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated to HSPC lineage commitment, and a novel signature for regulatory elements involved in cell identity.

Published
2016
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241. Comparative assessment between objective and subjective methods in slides stained by immunohistochemistry

Author

de Andrade Quintanilha Ribeiro, Fernando, Pereira, Celina Siqueira Barbosa, Chi, Ricardo Junchen, Yokomizo, Patrícia Lumi, Guerreiro Fregnani, José Humberto Tavares, and Rocha, Rafael Malagoli

Abstract

Objective methods of assessment are often required in scientific studies. Histological tests with immunohistochemical staining can be assessed by photometry.

Published
2013
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242. Association Between Dietary Vitamin C and Risk of Cutaneous Melanoma in a Population of Northern Italy

Author

Malavolti, Marcella, Malagoli, Carlotta, Fiorentini, Chiara, Longo, Caterina, Farnetani, Francesca, Ricci, Cinzia, Albertini, Giuseppe, Lanzoni, Anna, Reggiani, Camilla, Virgili, Annarosa, Pagliarello, Calogero, Santini, Marcello, Fanti, Pier A., Dika, Emi, Sieri, Sabina, Krogh, Vittorio, Pellacani, Giovanni, and Vinceti, Marco

Abstract

Cutaneous melanoma incidence has been increasing during the last few years, and diet has been suggested as one of the lifestyle factors responsible for this increase. Since antioxidant nutrients such as ascorbic acid might prevent skin carcinogenesis, we investigated the risk of cutaneous melanoma related to vitamin C intake in a population-based case-control study in Northern Italy based on 380 melanoma patients and 719 matched controls, to whom we administered a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. After adjusting for potential confounders, odds ratio of melanoma were 0.86 (95 % confidence interval 0.65 - 1.15) and 0.59 (95 % confidence interval 0.37 - 0.94) in the intermediate and highest categories of vitamin C dietary intake respectively, compared with the bottom one. The association between vitamin C and decreased risk persisted after adjustment for some potential confounders. In age- and gender-stratified analyses, this association was seen in young females (< 60 years old), and was found to be enhanced in subjects with phototypes II and III. These results suggest a possible protective activity of vitamin C intake against cutaneous melanoma in specific subgroups of this population of Northern Italy.

Published
2013
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244. Survival in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Conventional Glioblastoma: A Modified Prognostic Score Based on a Single-Institution Series

Author

Bertolini, Federica, Zunarelli, Elena, Baraldi, Caterina, Valentini, Antonella, Del Giovane, Cinzia, Depenni, Roberta, Falasca, Angelo, Giacobazzi, Patrizia, Malagoli, Marcella, Meletti, Stefano, Fontana, Annalisa, and Conte, PierFranco

Abstract

Aims and background Recursive partioning analysis (RPA) is commonly used to define the stratification of patients with glioblastoma. Epigenetic silencing of the O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) gene by promoter methylation plays an important role in regulating MGMT expression in gliomas and this is an established independent prognostic factor. We tested a prognostic scoring system including all clinical variables used by RPA classification (age, ECOG performance status and type of surgery) and MGMT gene promoter methylation status.Methods Seventy-eight consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, histopathologically confirmed conventional glioblastoma were included. Information about MGMT promoter methylation status was available for all of them. Based on the patients' age (<50 vs ≥50 years), ECOG performance status (0 vs ≥1), type of surgery (gross tumor resection versus partial resection/biopsy) and MGMT promoter methylation status (methylated versus unmethylated), three classes of risk were generated where the prognostic score was defined assigning 1 point to every favorable parameter (Class I: ≥3; Class II: 2; Class III: 0–1). All classes were correlated with overall survival.Results The median survival times were 32.4, 8.6 and 8.8 months for Class I, II and III, respectively, corresponding to 2-year survival rates of 69%, 13.5% and <1%. The same analysis was performed on 54 patients treated with postoperative concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The median survival times were 32.5, 13.4 and 8.9 months for Class I, II and III, respectively, corresponding to 2-year survival rates of 68.6%, 26.9% and <1%. In both groups of 78 and 54 patients the differences in survival between Class I and III were statistically significant (P <0.0001).Conclusions The proposed prognostic scoring system including clinical variables and MGMT promoter methylation status proved valuable in patients with primary conventional glioblastoma, especially those treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Published
2012
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245. Evaluation of Reliability of FISH Versus Brightfield Dual-probe In Situ Hybridization (BDISH) for Frontline Assessment of HER2 Status in Breast Cancer Samples in a Community Setting

Author

Schiavon, Beatriz N., Jasani, Bharat, de Brot, Louise, Vassallo, José, Damascena, Aline, Cirullo-Neto, Julio, Ivanildo Neves, José, Augusto Soares, Fernando, Gobbi, Helenice, and Malagoli Rocha, Rafael

Abstract

To evaluate the reliability of novel brightfield microscopy–based dual in situ hybridization (BDISH) methods for frontline HER2 status analysis in selected suboptimally preserved breast cancer tissue samples reflecting of the worst scenario in a community.

Published
2012
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246. Antiadhesive Activity of Polysaccharide-Rich Fractions from Lithothamnion muelleri

Author

Soares, Cristiane M., Malagoli, Bruna G., Menezes, Gustavo B., Pinho, Vanessa, Souza, Danielle G., Teixeira, Mauro M., and Braga, Fernão C.

Abstract

Red seaweeds are known sources of polysaccharides, some of which possess antiadhesive properties by inhibition of P-selectin-mediated leukocyte rolling. We here report the chemical composition and the antiadhesive activity of polysaccharide-rich fractions from the red alga Lithothamnion muelleri (Hapalidiaceae). The crude fractions enriched in polysaccharides B1 and B2 were obtained, respectively, by sequential extraction with 1% and 2% (w/v) Na2CO3solution, at 60 °C. Fractionation of B1 and B2 by gel permeation chromatography afforded three polysaccharide-rich fractions each, whose compositions were characterized by chemical analysis (total contents of carbohydrates, proteins, sulfate, and uronic acid); their molecular weights were estimated by high-performance gel permeation chromato graphy (HPGPC). The antiadhesive activity of B1-derived fractions was assayed by visualizing lipopolysaccharides-induced leukocyte rolling under intravital miscroscopy. The intravenous injection of fractions B1a and B1b in mice, at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, reduced leukocyte rolling by approximately 90%; fucoidan (10 mg/kg body weight) employed as positive control induced a similar response. Therefore, the sulfated polysaccharides of L. muelleri deserve further evaluation as potential templates for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents.

Published
2012
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247. A Case-Control Study of the Risk of Cutaneous Melanoma Associated with Three Selenium Exposure Indicators

Author

Vinceti, Marco, Crespi, Catherine M, Malagoli, Carlotta, Bottecchi, Ilaria, Ferrari, Angela, Sieri, Sabina, Krogh, Vittorio, Alber, Dorothea, Bergomi, Margherita, Seidenari, Stefania, and Pellacani, Giovanni

Abstract

Aims and background A direct association between exposure to the metalloid selenium and risk of cutaneous melanoma has been suggested by some observational and experimental cohort studies, whereas other studies have yielded inconsistent results. Since some of the inconsistencies may be due to exposure misclassification arising from the use of exposure indicators that do not adequately reflect body tissue selenium content or the levels of the biologically relevant species of this metalloid, we examined this issue using multiple indicators of exposure.Methods We analyzed the relation of selenium exposure with risk of cutaneous melanoma using two different biomarkers, plasma and toenail selenium concentration, and estimated dietary selenium intake in a population-based case-control series (54 cases, 56 controls) from an Italian community.Results In unmatched and matched logistic regression models as well as nonparametric generalized additive models, higher plasma selenium levels were strongly associated with excess disease risk. In contrast, toenail and dietary selenium exhibited little relation with melanoma risk. The pattern of correlation among indicators of exposure differed by disease status, with dietary intake associated with plasma selenium levels in patients but not in controls.Conclusions Our data showed that different selenium exposure indicators can yield different inferences about melanoma risk. Although the series was small, our results are consistent with a positive association between circulating levels of selenium and melanoma risk. Further investigation of the exposure classification performance of various selenium biomarkers and of metabolic patterns of the metalloid and of its speciation are needed to help elucidate the relation between selenium exposure and human health.

Published
2012
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248. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy

Author

Klionsky, Daniel J., Abdalla, Fabio C., Abeliovich, Hagai, Abraham, Robert T., Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham, Adeli, Khosrow, Agholme, Lotta, Agnello, Maria, Agostinis, Patrizia, Aguirre-Ghiso, Julio A., Ahn, Hyung Jun, Ait-Mohamed, Ouardia, Ait-Si-Ali, Slimane, Akematsu, Takahiko, Akira, Shizuo, Al-Younes, Hesham M., Al-Zeer, Munir A., Albert, Matthew L., Albin, Roger L., Alegre-Abarrategui, Javier, Aleo, Maria Francesca, Alirezaei, Mehrdad, Almasan, Alexandru, Almonte-Becerril, Maylin, Amano, Atsuo, Amaravadi, Ravi K., Amarnath, Shoba, Amer, Amal O., Andrieu-Abadie, Nathalie, Anantharam, Vellareddy, Ann, David K., Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra, Aoki, Hiroshi, Apostolova, Nadezda, Arancia, Giuseppe, Aris, John P., Asanuma, Katsuhiko, Asare, Nana Y.O., Ashida, Hisashi, Askanas, Valerie, Askew, David S., Auberger, Patrick, Baba, Misuzu, Backues, Steven K., Baehrecke, Eric H., Bahr, Ben A., Bai, Xue-Yuan, Bailly, Yannick, Baiocchi, Robert, Baldini, Giulia, Balduini, Walter, Ballabio, Andrea, Bamber, Bruce A., Bampton, Edward T.W., Juhász, Gábor, Bartholomew, Clinton R., Bassham, Diane C., Bast, Robert C., Batoko, Henri, Bay, Boon-Huat, Beau, Isabelle, Béchet, Daniel M., Begley, Thomas J., Behl, Christian, Behrends, Christian, Bekri, Soumeya, Bellaire, Bryan, Bendall, Linda J., Benetti, Luca, Berliocchi, Laura, Bernardi, Henri, Bernassola, Francesca, Besteiro, Sébastien, Bhatia-Kissova, Ingrid, Bi, Xiaoning, Biard-Piechaczyk, Martine, Blum, Janice S., Boise, Lawrence H., Bonaldo, Paolo, Boone, David L., Bornhauser, Beat C., Bortoluci, Karina R., Bossis, Ioannis, Bost, Frédéric, Bourquin, Jean-Pierre, Boya, Patricia, Boyer-Guittaut, Michaël, Bozhkov, Peter V., Brady, Nathan R, Brancolini, Claudio, Brech, Andreas, Brenman, Jay E., Brennand, Ana, Bresnick, Emery H., Brest, Patrick, Bridges, Dave, Bristol, Molly L., Brookes, Paul S., Brown, Eric J., Brumell, John H., Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Brunk, Ulf T., Bulman, Dennis E., Bultman, Scott J., Bultynck, Geert, Burbulla, Lena F., Bursch, Wilfried, Butchar, Jonathan P., Buzgariu, Wanda, Bydlowski, Sergio P., Cadwell, Ken, Cahová, Monika, Cai, Dongsheng, Cai, Jiyang, Cai, Qian, Calabretta, Bruno, Calvo-Garrido, Javier, Camougrand, Nadine, Campanella, Michelangelo, Campos-Salinas, Jenny, Candi, Eleonora, Cao, Lizhi, Caplan, Allan B., Carding, Simon R., Cardoso, Sandra M., Carew, Jennifer S., Carlin, Cathleen R., Carmignac, Virginie, Carneiro, Leticia A.M., Carra, Serena, Caruso, Rosario A., Casari, Giorgio, Casas, Caty, Castino, Roberta, Cebollero, Eduardo, Cecconi, Francesco, Celli, Jean, Chaachouay, Hassan, Chae, Han-Jung, Chai, Chee-Yin, Chan, David C., Chan, Edmond Y., Chang, Raymond Chuen-Chung, Che, Chi-Ming, Chen, Ching-Chow, Chen, Guang-Chao, Chen, Guo-Qiang, Chen, Min, Chen, Quan, Chen, Steve S.-L., Chen, WenLi, Chen, Xi, Chen, Xiangmei, Chen, Xiequn, Chen, Ye-Guang, Chen, Yingyu, Chen, Yongqiang, Chen, Yu-Jen, Chen, Zhixiang, Cheng, Alan, Cheng, Christopher H.K., Cheng, Yan, Cheong, Heesun, Cheong, Jae-Ho, Cherry, Sara, Chess-Williams, Russ, Cheung, Zelda H., Chevet, Eric, Chiang, Hui-Ling, Chiarelli, Roberto, Chiba, Tomoki, Chin, Lih-Shen, Chiou, Shih-Hwa, Chisari, Francis V., Cho, Chi Hin, Cho, Dong-Hyung, Choi, Augustine M.K., Choi, DooSeok, Choi, Kyeong Sook, Choi, Mary E., Chouaib, Salem, Choubey, Divaker, Choubey, Vinay, Chu, Charleen T., Chuang, Tsung-Hsien, Chueh, Sheau-Huei, Chun, Taehoon, Chwae, Yong-Joon, Chye, Mee-Len, Ciarcia, Roberto, Ciriolo, Maria R., Clague, Michael J., Clark, Robert S.B., Clarke, Peter G.H., Clarke, Robert, Codogno, Patrice, Coller, Hilary A., Colombo, María I., Comincini, Sergio, Condello, Maria, Condorelli, Fabrizio, Cookson, Mark R., Coombs, Graham H., Coppens, Isabelle, Corbalan, Ramon, Cossart, Pascale, Costelli, Paola, Costes, Safia, Coto-Montes, Ana, Couve, Eduardo, Coxon, Fraser P., Cregg, James M., Crespo, José L., Cronjé, Marianne J., Cuervo, Ana Maria, Cullen, Joseph J., Czaja, Mark J., D'Amelio, Marcello, Darfeuille-Michaud, Arlette, Davids, Lester M., Davies, Faith E., De Felici, Massimo, de Groot, John F., de Haan, Cornelis A.M., De Martino, Luisa, De Milito, Angelo, De Tata, Vincenzo, Debnath, Jayanta, Degterev, Alexei, Dehay, Benjamin, Delbridge, Lea M.D., Demarchi, Francesca, Deng, Yi Zhen, Dengjel, Jörn, Dent, Paul, Denton, Donna, Deretic, Vojo, Desai, Shyamal D., Devenish, Rodney J., Di Gioacchino, Mario, Di Paolo, Gilbert, Di Pietro, Chiara, Díaz-Araya, Guillermo, Díaz-Laviada, Inés, Diaz-Meco, Maria T., Diaz-Nido, Javier, Dikic, Ivan, Dinesh-Kumar, Savithramma P., Ding, Wen-Xing, Distelhorst, Clark W., Diwan, Abhinav, Djavaheri-Mergny, Mojgan, Dokudovskaya, Svetlana, Dong, Zheng, Dorsey, Frank C., Dosenko, Victor, Dowling, James J., Doxsey, Stephen, Dreux, Marlène, Drew, Mark E., Duan, Qiuhong, Duchosal, Michel A., Duff, Karen E., Dugail, Isabelle, Durbeej, Madeleine, Duszenko, Michael, Edelstein, Charles L., Edinger, Aimee L., Egea, Gustavo, Eichinger, Ludwig, Eissa, N. Tony, Ekmekcioglu, Suhendan, El-Deiry, Wafik S., Elazar, Zvulun, Elgendy, Mohamed, Ellerby, Lisa M., Eng, Kai Er, Engelbrecht, Anna-Mart, Engelender, Simone, Erenpreisa, Jekaterina, Escalante, Ricardo, Esclatine, Audrey, Eskelinen, Eeva-Liisa, Espert, Lucile, Espina, Virginia, Fan, Huizhou, Fan, Jia, Fan, Qi-Wen, Fan, Zhen, Fang, Shengyun, Fang, Yongqi, Fanto, Manolis, Fanzani, Alessandro, Farkas, Thomas, Farre, Jean-Claude, Faure, Mathias, Fechheimer, Marcus, Feng, Carl G., Feng, Jian, Feng, Qili, Feng, Youji, Fésüs, László, Feuer, Ralph, Figueiredo-Pereira, Maria E., Fimia, Gian Maria, Fingar, Diane C., Finkbeiner, Steven, Finkel, Toren, Finley, Kim D., Fiorito, Filomena, Fisher, Edward A., Fisher, Paul B., Flajolet, Marc, Florez-McClure, Maria L., Florio, Salvatore, Fon, Edward A., Fornai, Francesco, Fortunato, Franco, Fotedar, Rati, Fowler, Daniel H., Fox, Howard S., Franco, Rodrigo, Frankel, Lisa B., Fransen, Marc, Fuentes, José M., Fueyo, Juan, Fujii, Jun, Fujisaki, Kozo, Fujita, Eriko, Fukuda, Mitsunori, Furukawa, Ruth H., Gaestel, Matthias, Gailly, Philippe, Gajewska, Malgorzata, Galliot, Brigitte, Galy, Vincent, Ganesh, Subramaniam, Ganetzky, Barry, Ganley, Ian G., Gao, Fen-Biao, Gao, George F., Gao, Jinming, Garcia, Lorena, Garcia-Manero, Guillermo, Garcia-Marcos, Mikel, Garmyn, Marjan, Gartel, Andrei L., Gatti, Evelina, Gautel, Mathias, Gawriluk, Thomas R., Gegg, Matthew E., Geng, Jiefei, Germain, Marc, Gestwicki, Jason E., Gewirtz, David A., Ghavami, Saeid, Ghosh, Pradipta, Giammarioli, Anna M., Giatromanolaki, Alexandra N., Gibson, Spencer B., Gilkerson, Robert W., Ginger, Michael L., Ginsberg, Henry N., Golab, Jakub, Goligorsky, Michael S., Golstein, Pierre, Gomez-Manzano, Candelaria, Goncu, Ebru, Gongora, Céline, Gonzalez, Claudio D., Gonzalez, Ramon, González-Estévez, Cristina, González-Polo, Rosa Ana, Gonzalez-Rey, Elena, Gorbunov, Nikolai V., Gorski, Sharon, Goruppi, Sandro, Gottlieb, Roberta A., Gozuacik, Devrim, Granato, Giovanna Elvira, Grant, Gary D., Green, Kim N., Gregorc, Ales, Gros, Frédéric, Grose, Charles, Grunt, Thomas W., Gual, Philippe, Guan, Jun-Lin, Guan, Kun-Liang, Guichard, Sylvie M., Gukovskaya, Anna S., Gukovsky, Ilya, Gunst, Jan, Gustafsson, Åsa B., Halayko, Andrew J., Hale, Amber N., Halonen, Sandra K., Hamasaki, Maho, Han, Feng, Han, Ting, Hancock, Michael K., Hansen, Malene, Harada, Hisashi, Harada, Masaru, Hardt, Stefan E., Harper, J. Wade, Harris, Adrian L., Harris, James, Harris, Steven D., Hashimoto, Makoto, Haspel, Jeffrey A., Hayashi, Shin-ichiro, Hazelhurst, Lori A., He, Congcong, He, You-Wen, Hébert, Marie-Josée, Heidenreich, Kim A., Helfrich, Miep H., Helgason, Gudmundur V., Henske, Elizabeth P., Herman, Brian, Herman, Paul K., Hetz, Claudio, Hilfiker, Sabine, Hill, Joseph A., Hocking, Lynne J., Hofman, Paul, Hofmann, Thomas G., Höhfeld, Jörg, Holyoake, Tessa L., Hong, Ming-Huang, Hood, David A., Hotamisligil, Gökhan S., Houwerzijl, Ewout J., Høyer-Hansen, Maria, Hu, Bingren, Hu, Chien-an A., Hu, Hong-Ming, Hua, Ya, Huang, Canhua, Huang, Ju, Huang, Shengbing, Huang, Wei-Pang, Huber, Tobias B., Huh, Won-Ki, Hung, Tai-Ho, Hupp, Ted R., Hur, Gang Min, Hurley, James B., Hussain, Sabah N.A., Hussey, Patrick J., Hwang, Jung Jin, Hwang, Seungmin, Ichihara, Atsuhiro, Ilkhanizadeh, Shirin, Inoki, Ken, Into, Takeshi, Iovane, Valentina, Iovanna, Juan L., Ip, Nancy Y., Isaka, Yoshitaka, Ishida, Hiroyuki, Isidoro, Ciro, Isobe, Ken-ichi, Iwasaki, Akiko, Izquierdo, Marta, Izumi, Yotaro, Jaakkola, Panu M., Jäättelä, Marja, Jackson, George R., Jackson, William T., Janji, Bassam, Jendrach, Marina, Jeon, Ju-Hong, Jeung, Eui-Bae, Jiang, Hong, Jiang, Hongchi, Jiang, Jean X., Jiang, Ming, Jiang, Qing, Jiang, Xuejun, Jiang, Xuejun, Jiménez, Alberto, Jin, Meiyan, Jin, Shengkan V., Joe, Cheol O., Johansen, Terje, Johnson, Daniel E., Johnson, Gail V.W., Jones, Nicola L., Joseph, Bertrand, Joseph, Suresh K., Joubert, Annie M., Juhász, Gábor, Juillerat-Jeanneret, Lucienne, Jung, Chang Hwa, Jung, Yong-Keun, Kaarniranta, Kai, Kaasik, Allen, Kabuta, Tomohiro, Kadowaki, Motoni, Kågedal, Katarina, Kamada, Yoshiaki, Kaminskyy, Vitaliy O., Kampinga, Harm H., Kanamori, Hiromitsu, Kang, Chanhee, Kang, Khong Bee, Kang, Kwang Il, Kang, Rui, Kang, Yoon-A, Kanki, Tomotake, Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi, Kanno, Haruo, Kanthasamy, Anumantha G., Kanthasamy, Arthi, Karantza, Vassiliki, Kaushal, Gur P., Kaushik, Susmita, Kawazoe, Yoshinori, Ke, Po-Yuan, Kehrl, John H., Kelekar, Ameeta, Kerkhoff, Claus, Kessel, David H., Khalil, Hany, Kiel, Jan A.K.W., Kiger, Amy A., Kihara, Akio, Kim, Deok Ryong, Kim, Do-Hyung, Kim, Dong-Hou, Kim, Eun-Kyoung, Kim, Hyung-Ryong, Kim, Jae-Sung, Kim, Jeong Hun, Kim, Jin Cheon, Kim, John K., Kim, Peter K., Kim, Seong Who, Kim, Yong-Sun, Kim, Yonghyun, Kimchi, Adi, Kimmelman, Alec C., King, Jason S., Kinsella, Timothy J., Kirkin, Vladimir, Kirshenbaum, Lorrie A., Kitamoto, Katsuhiko, Kitazato, Kaio, Klein, Ludger, Klimecki, Walter T., Klucken, Jochen, Knecht, Erwin, Ko, Ben C.B., Koch, Jan C., Koga, Hiroshi, Koh, Jae-Young, Koh, Young Ho, Koike, Masato, Komatsu, Masaaki, Kominami, Eiki, Kong, Hee Jeong, Kong, Wei-Jia, Korolchuk, Viktor I., Kotake, Yaichiro, Koukourakis, Michael I., Flores, Juan B. 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Abstract

In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.

Published
2012
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249. Promising Medications for Cocaine Dependence Treatment

Author

Somaini, Lorenzo, Donnini, Claudia, A. Raggi, Maria, Amore, Mario, Ciccocioppo, Roberto, A. Saracino, Maria, Kalluppi, Marsida, Malagoli, Marco, L. Gerra, Maria, and Gerra, Gilberto

Abstract

Cocaine dependence is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and high vulnerability to relapse. Overall, cocaine remains one of the most used illicit drugs in the world. Given the difficulty of achieving sustained recovery, pharmacotherapy of cocaine addiction remains one of the most important clinical challenges. Recent advances in neurobiology, brain imaging and clinical trials suggest that certain medications show promise in the treatment of cocaine addiction. The pharmacotherapeutic approaches for cocaine dependence include medications able to target specific subtypes of dopamine receptors, affect different neurotransmitter systems (i.e. noradrenergic, serotonergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic and opioidergic pathways), and modulate neurological processes. The systematic reviews concerning the pharmacological treatment of cocaine dependence appear to indicate controversial findings and inconclusive results. The aim of future studies should be to identify the effective medications matching the specific needs of patients with specific characteristics, abandoning the strategies extended to the entire population of cocaine dependent patients. In the present review we summarize the current pharmacotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of cocaine dependence with a focus on the new patents.

Published
2011

250. Inflammatory Response in Molluscs: Cross-Taxa and Evolutionary Considerations

Author

Ottaviani, E., Franchini, A., and Malagoli, D.

Abstract

Inflammation represents the rapid and efficient elimination of damaged tissue and microbes and eventually the restoration of tissue functionality. Inflammatory response is one of the vital reactions to body injury, acting alongside the restoration of homeostasis, wound repair and immune response. In mammals, wound healing is a process that seeks to restore tissue integrity and function, and is characterized by a series of biological processes including inflammatory response. Here, we review pioneering experiments and recent observations in invertebrate models suggesting that in highly divergent and evolutionary distant taxa, such as molluscs, insects and vertebrates, the inflammatory response could be driven by a pool of molecules sharing common evolutionary origin.

Published
2010

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