1,643 results on '"P. Hawker"'
Search Results
202. The Sandy Desilication Product Process Concept
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Vaughan, James, Peng, Hong, Seneviratne, Dilini, Hodge, Harrison, Hawker, William, Hayes, Peter, and Staker, Warren
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- 2019
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203. Shape-based separation of synthetic microparticles
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Mage, Peter L., Csordas, Andrew T., Brown, Tyler, Klinger, Daniel, Eisenstein, Michael, Mitragotri, Samir, Hawker, Craig, and Soh, H. Tom
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- 2019
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204. Results of the Survey on the Future of HEP
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Fleming, B. T., Krane, J., Zeller, G. P., Canelli, F., Connolly, B., Erbacher, R., Fleming, G. T., Harris, D. A., Hawker, E., Hildreth, M., Kilminster, B., Lammers, S., Medoff, D., Monroe, J., Toback, D., Sorel, M., Turcot, A., Velasco, M., Wascko, M. O., Watts, G., and Zimmerman, E. D.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Lattice ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
The Young Physicists Panel (YPP) summarizes results from their Survey on the Future of High Energy Physics, which was conducted from July 2 to July 15, 2001. Over 1500 physicists from around the world, both young and tenured, responded to the survey. We first describe the origin, design, and advertisement of the survey, and then present the demographics of the respondents. Following sections analyze the collected opinions on the desire for balance in the field, the impact of globalization, the necessity of outreach, how to build the field, the physics that drives the field, and the selection of the next big machine. Respondents' comments follow the survey analysis in an appendix., Comment: There is a short form and a long form of the document. The short form consists of 42 pages: the discussion, 39 figures, and a copy of the survey. The long form is comprised of that same 42 pages, followed by all the "brief comments" written by survey respondents, for a total of 208 pages
- Published
- 2001
205. Observation of Polarization in Bottomonium Production at sqrt(s)=38.8 GeV
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Brown, C. N., Awes, T. C., Beddo, M. E., Brooks, M. L., Bush, J. D., Carey, T. A., Chang, T. H., Cooper, W. E., Gagliardi, C. A., Garvey, G. T., Geesaman, D. F., Hawker, E. A., He, X. C., Isenhower, L. D., Kaplan, D. M., Kaufman, S. B., Koetke, D. D., Kyle, G., Lee, W. M., Leitch, M. J., Makins, N., McGaughey, P. L., Moss, J. M., Mueller, B. A., Nord, P. M., Papavassiliou, V., Park, B. K., Peng, J. C., Petitt, G., Reimer, P. E., Sadler, M. E., Stankus, P. W., Towell, R. S., Tribble, R. E., Vasiliev, M. A., Webb, J. C., and Young, G. R.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
We present a measurement of the polarization observed for bottomonium states produced in p-Cu collisions at sqrt(s)=38.8 GeV. The angular distribution of the decay dimuons of the Upsilon(1S) state show no polarization at small xF and pT but significant positive transverse production polarization for either pT > 1.8 GeV/c or for xF > 0.35. The Upsilon(2S+3S) unresolved states show a large transverse production polarization at all values of xF and pT measured. These observations are compared with an NRQCD calculation that predicts a transverse polarization in bottomonium production arising from quark-antiquark fusion and gluon-gluon fusion diagrams., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures
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- 2000
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206. Physics at a Neutrino Factory
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Albright, C., Anderson, G., Barger, V., Bernstein, R., Blazey, G., Bodek, A., Buckley-Geer, E., Bueno, A., Campanelli, M., Carey, D., Casper, D., Cervera, A., Crisan, C., DeJongh, F., Eichblatt, S., Erner, A., Fernow, R., Finley, D., Formaggio, J., Gallardo, J., Geer, S., Goodman, M., Harris, D., Hawker, E., Hill, J., Johnson, R., Kaplan, D., Kahn, S., Kayser, B., Kearns, E., King, B. J., Kirk, H., Krane, J., Krop, D., Ligeti, Z., Lykken, J., McDonald, K., McFarland, K., Mocioiu, I., Morfin, J., Murayama, H., Nelson, J., Neuffer, D., Nienaber, P., Palmer, R., Parke, S., Parsa, Z., Plunkett, R., Prebys, E., Quigg, C., Raja, R., Rigolin, S., Rubbia, A., Schellman, H., Shaevitz, M., Shanahan, P., Shrock, R., Spentzouris, P., Stefanski, R., Stone, J., Sulak, L., Unel, G., Velasco, M., Whisnant, K., Yu, J., and Zimmerman, E. D.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
In response to the growing interest in building a Neutrino Factory to produce high intensity beams of electron- and muon-neutrinos and antineutrinos, in October 1999 the Fermilab Directorate initiated two six-month studies. The first study, organized by N. Holtkamp and D. Finley, was to investigate the technical feasibility of an intense neutrino source based on a muon storage ring. This design study has produced a report in which the basic conclusion is that a Neutrino Factory is technically feasible, although it requires an aggressive R&D program. The second study, which is the subject of this report, was to explore the physics potential of a Neutrino Factory as a function of the muon beam energy and intensity, and for oscillation physics, the potential as a function of baseline., Comment: 133 pages, 64 figures. Report to the Fermilab Directorate. Available from http://www.fnal.gov/projects/muon_collider/ This version fixes some printing problems
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- 2000
207. Validation of canadian health administrative data algorithms for estimating trends in the incidence and prevalence of osteoarthritis
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Jessica Widdifield, R. Liisa Jaakkimainen, Jodi M. Gatley, Gillian A. Hawker, Lisa M. Lix, Sasha Bernatsky, Bheeshma Ravi, David Wasserstein, Bing Yu, and Karen Tu
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Health administrative data ,Epidemiology ,Osteoarthritis ,Electronic medical records ,Incidence and prevalence ,Validation ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Summary: Objective: To estimate the 1) accuracy of algorithms for identifying osteoarthritis (OA) using health administrative data; and 2) population-level OA prevalence and incidence over time in Ontario, Canada. Method: We performed a retrospective chart abstraction study to identify OA patients in a random sample of 7500 primary care patients from electronic medical records. The validation sample was linked with several administrative data sources. Accuracy of administrative data algorithms for identifying OA was tested against two reference standard definitions by estimating the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. The validated algorithms were then applied to the Ontario population to estimate and compare population-level prevalence and incidence from 2000 to 2017. Results: OA prevalence within the validation sample ranged from 10% to 23% across the two reference standards. Algorithms varied in accuracy depending on the reference standard, with the sensitivity highest (77%) for patients with OA documented in medical problem lists. Using the top performing administrative data algorithms, the crude population-level OA prevalence ranged from 11% to 25% and standardized prevalence ranged from 9 to 22% in 2017. Over time, prevalence increased whereas incidence remained stable (~1% annually). Conclusion: Health administrative data have limited sensitivity in adequately identifying all OA patients and appear to be more sensitive at detecting OA patients for whom their physician formally documented their diagnosis in medical problem lists than individuals who have their diagnosis documented outside of problem lists. Irrespective of the algorithm used, OA prevalence has increased over the past decade while annual incidence has been stable.
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- 2020
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208. Absorbed in the Limestone Garden
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Adrian Hawker
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metropolitan landscape ,ideal city ,island ,garden ,place ,Valletta ,Architecture ,NA1-9428 - Abstract
The term landscape metropolis and its associated practice of reading the city through the terminology and ‘lens’ of the landscape rather than the normal conventions of urban studies is generally applied to the contemporary city and its expansion beyond the historic centre. Yet, this approach also chimes with the peculiarities of the historic island city and the close relationship such cities have with the restricted, liminal ground on which they are founded. This paper explores the hypothesis that an island city can be understood as a metropolitan landscape as a consequence of peculiarities of geography, ecology, culture, place, and resiliency. By focusing on one such city, a heightened case, in which a 16th Century metropolis was founded as Renaissance ‘ideal’, the paper examines the reciprocity between this projected ‘ideal’ and the actual landscape where the metropolis is fused and, indeed, confused with the landscape so that the spatial coherence between city and landscape determines the nature of the metropolis.
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- 2020
209. Bridging Disciplines as a pathway to Finding New Solutions for Osteoarthritis a collaborative program presented at the 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International
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Thomas P. Andriacchi, Timothy M. Griffin, Richard F. Loeser, Jr., Constance R. Chu, Ewa M. Roos, Gillian A. Hawker, Jennifer C. Erhart-Hledik, and Arielle G. Fischer
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Osteoarthritis ,Biomechanics ,Biomarkers ,Imaging ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Summary: Objective: To stimulate future research directions that seek solutions for osteoarthritis (OA) at the interface between diverse disciplines and address osteoarthritis (OA) as a serious disease with a complexity that has presented a barrier to finding safe effective solutions. Methods: Sessions were conducted at the 2019 meetings of the Orthopaedic Research Society (ORS) and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) that included presentations and questions/comments submitted from leading OA researchers representing imaging, mechanics, biomarkers, phenotyping, clinical, epidemiology, inflammation and exercise. Results: Solutions for OA require a paradigm shift in research and clinical methods in which OA is contextualized as a complex whole-body/person disease. New OA definition(s)/phenotype(s) and OA markers/signals are needed to address the interplay between genetic and environmental factors of the disease as well as capture the mechanosensitivity of the disease. The term “Mechanokines” was proposed to highlight the importance of incorporating whole body mechanics as a marker of early OA. New interventions and apparent paradoxical observations/questions (e.g. exercise vs. load modification) were also discussed in the context of considering OA as a complex system. Conclusion: To advance new OA treatments that are safe and effective, OA should be considered as a “Whole Person” disease. This approach requires a concerted effort to bridge disciplines and include interactions across scales from the molecule to the whole body, including psychosocial aspects.
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- 2020
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210. A 30 m global map of elevation with forests and buildings removed
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Laurence Hawker, Peter Uhe, Luntadila Paulo, Jeison Sosa, James Savage, Christopher Sampson, and Jeffrey Neal
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digital elevation model ,bare-earth ,terrain ,remote sensing ,machine learning ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Science ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Elevation data are fundamental to many applications, especially in geosciences. The latest global elevation data contains forest and building artifacts that limit its usefulness for applications that require precise terrain heights, in particular flood simulation. Here, we use machine learning to remove buildings and forests from the Copernicus Digital Elevation Model to produce, for the first time, a global map of elevation with buildings and forests removed at 1 arc second (∼30 m) grid spacing. We train our correction algorithm on a unique set of reference elevation data from 12 countries, covering a wide range of climate zones and urban extents. Hence, this approach has much wider applicability compared to previous DEMs trained on data from a single country. Our method reduces mean absolute vertical error in built-up areas from 1.61 to 1.12 m, and in forests from 5.15 to 2.88 m. The new elevation map is more accurate than existing global elevation maps and will strengthen applications and models where high quality global terrain information is required.
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- 2022
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211. Measurement of Differences Between J/Psi and Psi' Suppression in p-A Collisions
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Leitch, M. J., Lee, W. M., Beddo, M. E., Brown, C. N., Carey, T. A., Chang, T. H., Cooper, W. E., Gagliardi, C. A., Garvey, G. T., Geesaman, D. F., Hawker, E. A., He, X. C., Isenhower, L. D., Kaplan, D. M., Kaufman, S. B., Koetke, D. D., McGaughey, P. L., Moss, J. M., Mueller, B. A., Papavassiliou, V., Peng, J. C., Petitt, G., Reimer, P. E., Sadler, M. E., Sondheim, W. E., Stankus, P. W., Towell, R. S., Tribble, R. E., Vasiliev, M. A., Webb, J. C., Willis, J. L., and Young, G. R.
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Nuclear Experiment - Abstract
Measurements of the suppression of the yield per nucleon of J/Psi and Psi' production for 800 GeV/c protons incident on heavy relative to light nuclear targets have been made with very broad coverage in xF and pT. The observed suppression is smallest at xF values of 0.25 and below and increases at larger values of xF. It is also strongest at small pT. Substantial differences between the Psi' and J/Psi are observed for the first time in p-A collisions. The suppression for the Psi' is stronger than that for the J/Psi for xF near zero, but becomes comparable to that for the J/Psi for xF > 0.6., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication by PRL
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- 1999
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212. Parton energy loss limits and shadowing in Drell-Yan dimuon production
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Vasiliev, M. A., Beddo, M. E., Brown, C. N., Carey, T. A., Chang, T. H., Cooper, W. E., Gagliardi, C. A., Garvey, G. T., Geesaman, D. F., Hawker, E. A., He, X. C., Isenhower, L. D., Kaplan, D. M., Kaufman, S. B., Koetke, D. D., Lee, W. M., Leitch, M. J., McGaughey, P. L., Moss, J. M., Mueller, B. A., Papavassiliou, V., Peng, J. C., Petitt, G., Reimer, P. E., Sadler, M. E., Sondheim, W. E., Stankus, P. W., Towell, R. S., Tribble, R. E., Webb, J. C., Willis, J. L., and Young, G. R.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
A precise measurement of the ratios of the Drell-Yan cross section per nucleon for an 800 GeV/c proton beam incident on Be, Fe and W targets is reported. The behavior of the Drell-Yan ratios at small target parton momentum fraction is well described by an existing fit to the shadowing observed in deep-inelastic scattering. The cross section ratios as a function of the incident parton momentum fraction set tight limits on the energy loss of quarks passing through a cold nucleus.
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- 1999
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213. Community noise exposure and annoyance, activity interference, and academic achievement among university students
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Rattapon Onchang and Darryl W Hawker
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Community noise ,grade point average ,Mantel–Haenszel odds ratio ,noise annoyance ,university academic performance ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene ,RC963-969 - Abstract
Background: Noise annoyance and effects on academic performance have been investigated for primary and secondary school students but comparatively little work has been conducted with university students who generally spend more time in dormitories or accommodation for their self-study. Objective: To determine, using a socio-acoustic approach involving face-to-face interviews and actual noise measurements, the effect of various community noise sources on student activities in accommodation both inside and outside a university precinct and also relationships with cumulative grade point average (GPA). Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised a student group resident off-campus (n = 450) and a control group resident in dormitories on-campus (n = 336). Noise levels [LA (dB)] were measured at both locations according to International Organization for Standardization standards. The extent of community noise interference with the student activities was examined with bivariate and stratified analyses and results presented as Mantel–Haenszel weighted odds ratios (ORMH) with 95% confidence intervals. Binary logistic regression was employed to assess the association between noise-disturbed student activities and dichotomized GPA values and derive odds ratios (ORs) for these associations. Results: Measured noise levels were all significantly (P < 0.05) higher for off-campus students. This was not reflected in the interviewed students’ subjective perceptions of how “noisy” their respective environments were. The off-campus student cohort was, however, more annoyed by all community noise categories (P < 0.001) except road traffic noise. For impact on specific student activities, the largest differences between on- and off-campus students were found for telephone and personal communication regardless of the type of community noise. There was no significant difference in the relationships between perceived annoyance due to community noise categories and cumulative GPA in the off-campus group compared to those for on-campus residents with ORMH values ranging from 1.049 to 1.164. The most important noise-impacted factors affecting off-campus students’ cumulative GPA were reading and mental tasks (OR = 2.801). Rest disturbance had a positive influence on cumulative GPA for on-campus students. Conclusion: These results provide support that various contemporary community noise sources affect university students’ activities and possibly influence their educational achievement as well.
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- 2018
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214. dbar/ubar Asymmetry and the Origin of the Nucleon Sea
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Peng, J. C., Garvey, G. T., Awes, T. C., Beddo, M. E., Brooks, M. L., Brown, C. N., Bush, J. D., Carey, T. A., Chang, T. H., Cooper, W. E., Gagliardi, C. A., Geesaman, D. F., Hawker, E. A., He, X. C., Isenhower, L. D., Kaufman, S. B., Kaplan, D. M., Kirk, P. N., Koetke, D. D., Kyle, G., Lee, D. M., Lee, W. M., Leitch, M. J., Makins, N., McGaughey, P. L., Moss, J. M., Mueller, B. A., Nord, P. M., Park, B. K., Papavassiliou, V., Petitt, G., Reimer, P. E., Sadler, M. E., Selden, J., Stankus, P. W., Sondheim, W. E., Thompson, T. N., Towell, R. S., Tribble, R. E., Vasiliev, M. A., Wang, Y. C., Wang, Z. F., Webb, J. C., Willis, J. L., Wise, D. K., and Young, G. R.
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The Drell-Yan cross section ratios, $\sigma(p+d)/\sigma(p+p)$, measured in Fermilab E866, have led to the first determination of $\bar d(x) / \bar u(x)$, $\bar d(x) - \bar u(x)$, and the integral of $\bar d(x) - \bar u(x)$ for the proton over the range $0.02 \le x \le 0.345$. The E866 results are compared with predictions based on parton distribution functions and various theoretical models. The relationship between the E866 results and the NMC measurement of the Gottfried integral is discussed. The agreement between the E866 results and models employing virtual mesons indicates these non-perturbative processes play an important role in the origin of the $\bar d$, $\bar u$ asymmetry in the nucleon sea., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, ReVTeX
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- 1998
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215. Measurement of the Light Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry in the Nucleon Sea
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Hawker, E. A., Awes, T. C., Beddo, M. E., Brown, C. N., Bush, J. D., Carey, T. A., Chang, T. H., Cooper, W. E., Gagliardi, C. A., Garvey, G. T., Geesaman, D. F., He, X. C., Isenhower, L. D., Kaufman, S. B., Kaplan, D. M., Kirk, P. N., Koetke, D. D., Kyle, G., Lee, D. M., Lee, W. M., Leitch, M. J., Makins, N., McGaughey, P. L., Moss, J. M., Mueller, B. A., Nord, P. M., Park, B. K., Papavassiliou, V., Peng, J. C., Petitt, G., Reimer, P. E., Sadler, M. E., Selden, J., Stankus, P. W., Sondheim, W. E., Thompson, T. N., Towell, R. S., Tribble, R. E., Vasiliev, M. A., Wang, Y. C., Wang, Z. F., Webb, J. C., Willis, J. L., Wise, D. K., and Young, G. R.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
A precise measurement of the ratio of Drell-Yan yields from an 800 GeV/c proton beam incident on hydrogen and deuterium targets is reported. Over 140,000 Drell-Yan muon pairs with dimuon mass M_{mu+ mu-} >= 4.5 GeV/c^2 were recorded. From these data, the ratio of anti-down (dbar) to anti-up (ubar) quark distributions in the proton sea is determined over a wide range in Bjorken-x. A strong x dependence is observed in the ratio dbar/ubar, showing substantial enhancement of dbar with respect to ubar for x<0.2. This result is in fair agreement with recent parton distribution parameterizations of the sea. For x>0.2, the observed dbar/ubar ratio is much nearer unity than given by the parameterizations., Comment: REVTeX, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
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- 1998
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216. Androstenedione and testosterone but not progesterone are potential biomarkers of pregnancy in Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) approaching parturition
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Dalle Luche, Greta, Boggs, Ashley S. P., Kucklick, John R., Groß, Jasmin, Hawker, Darryl W., and Bengtson Nash, Susan
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- 2020
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217. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) rates in randomized trials of PPH prophylactic interventions and the effect of underlying participant PPH risk: a meta-analysis
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Hawker, Lydia and Weeks, Andrew
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- 2020
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218. Quantized Grading: An ab Initio Approach to Using Specifications Grading in Physical Chemistry.
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Closser, Kristina D., Hawker, Morgan J., and Muchalski, Hubert
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- 2024
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219. Investigating General Chemistry Students' Metacognitive Monitoring of Their Exam Performance by Measuring Postdiction Accuracies over Time
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Hawker, Morgan J., Dysleski, Lisa, and Rickey, Dawn
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Metacognitive monitoring of one's own understanding plays a key role in learning. An aspect of metacognitive monitoring can be measured by comparing a student's prediction or postdiction of performance (a judgment made before or after completing the relevant task) with the student's actual performance. In this study, we investigated students' postdiction accuracies for a series of exams within a two-semester general chemistry course. The research questions addressed include (1) How accurate are general chemistry students at postdicting their exam scores? Are there gender differences in postdiction accuracy?; (2) How do general chemistry students' postdiction accuracies relate to their exam performance?; and (3) How do general chemistry students' postdiction accuracies and metacognitive monitoring of their exam performance change over time? Results indicate that most general chemistry students are not accurate in their exam score postdictions and that, consistent with research conducted in other domains, higher-performing students make more accurate postdictions than lower-performing students. In addition, although students who were new to a general chemistry course appeared to improve in their metacognitive monitoring on the second course exam compared with the first, monitoring did not significantly improve after that initial adjustment. Given the importance of metacognitive monitoring for student learning of chemistry, these findings suggest that further research and development of interventions to improve the metacognitive monitoring of introductory chemistry students is warranted.
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- 2016
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220. Lelooska: The Life of a Northwest Coast Artist. By Chris Friday.
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Hawker, Ronald
- Published
- 2004
221. Porous organosilicates low-dielectric films for high-frequency devices
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Knoesen, A, Song, G, Volksen, W, Huang, E, Magbitang, T, Sundberg, L, Hedrick, J L, Hawker, C J, and Miller, R D
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dielectric films ,dielectric measurements ,nanoporous films ,permittivity measurement ,transmission line measurements - Abstract
The dielectric properties are reported for nanoporous thin films of poly(methyl silsesquioxane) (MSSQ) for use as an ultralow, dielectric intermetal insulator. Direct experimental conformation is provided that the films have low dielectric constants with low loss up to 10 GHz. Low-frequency measurements are also reported.
- Published
- 2004
222. Digital Elevation Models: Terminology and Definitions
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Peter L. Guth, Adriaan Van Niekerk, Carlos H. Grohmann, Jan-Peter Muller, Laurence Hawker, Igor V. Florinsky, Dean Gesch, Hannes I. Reuter, Virginia Herrera-Cruz, Serge Riazanoff, Carlos López-Vázquez, Claudia C. Carabajal, Clément Albinet, and Peter Strobl
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DEM ,topography ,elevation ,surface ,modeling ,geomorphometry ,Science - Abstract
Digital elevation models (DEMs) provide fundamental depictions of the three-dimensional shape of the Earth’s surface and are useful to a wide range of disciplines. Ideally, DEMs record the interface between the atmosphere and the lithosphere using a discrete two-dimensional grid, with complexities introduced by the intervening hydrosphere, cryosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The treatment of DEM surfaces, affected by these intervening spheres, depends on their intended use, and the characteristics of the sensors that were used to create them. DEM is a general term, and more specific terms such as digital surface model (DSM) or digital terrain model (DTM) record the treatment of the intermediate surfaces. Several global DEMs generated with optical (visible and near-infrared) sensors and synthetic aperture radar (SAR), as well as single/multi-beam sonars and products of satellite altimetry, share the common characteristic of a georectified, gridded storage structure. Nevertheless, not all DEMs share the same vertical datum, not all use the same convention for the area on the ground represented by each pixel in the DEM, and some of them have variable data spacings depending on the latitude. This paper highlights the importance of knowing, understanding and reflecting on the sensor and DEM characteristics and consolidates terminology and definitions of key concepts to facilitate a common understanding among the growing community of DEM users, who do not necessarily share the same background.
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- 2021
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223. Disparities in Knee and Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes: an Observational Analysis of the ACS-NSQIP Clinical Registry
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Cram, Peter, Hawker, Gillian, Matelski, John, Ravi, Bheeshma, Pugely, Andrew, Gandhi, Rajiv, and Jackson, Timothy
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- 2018
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224. ECU convention 2017 research presentations
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Alice Kongsted, Lise Hestbaek, Carlo Ammendolia, Pierre Côté, Danielle Southerst, Michael Schneider, Brian Budgell, Claire Bombardier, Gillian Hawker, Y. Raja Rampersaud, Corinne Minder, Cynthia Peterson, B. Kim Humphreys, Halldór Fannar Gíslason, Jari Kullervo Salminen, Linn Sandhaugen, Andreas Stenseth Storbråten, Renske Versloot, Inger Rouge, Dave Newell, Ellen Aartun, Hainan Yu, Erik Poulsen, Glaucia H. Goncalves, Ewa M. Roos, Jonas B. Thorlund, Carsten Juhl, Andreas Eklund, Irene Jensen, Malin Lohela-Karlsson, Jan Hagberg, Lennart Bodin, Charlotte Lebouf-Yde, Iben Axén, Kristina Boe Dissing, Jan Hartvigsen, Christopher Williams, Steven Kamper, Eleanor Boyle, Niels Wedderkopp, Lise Hestbæk, Michael L. Meier, Petra Schweinhardt, Kim Humphreys, Amy Miller, Joyce Miller, Alison Taylor, Sue Way, Brigitte Wirth, Bruno A. P. Alvarenga, Marcelo B. Botelho, Jerusa P. R. Lara, António P. Veloso, Cecilia Bergström, Margareta Persson, Ingrid Mogren, B. Janine Thöni, David Guillén, Daniel Heritage, David Byfield, Annie Newsam, Mehmet Toprak, Hasan Kerem Alptekim, Doruk Turhan, Hazel Mellars, Jacqueline Rix, Philip Dewhurst, Caroline Cooke, David Newell, Joel Alcantara, Jeanne Ohm, Junjoe Alcantara, Jonathan Field, Heather Hanson, Hiew Mandy, Lo Derek, Mok Zicheng, Tee Yun Han, Miller Joyce, Signe Fuglkjær, P. Schweinhardt, B. Wirth, G. Peterson, B. K. Humphreys, Tim L. Raven, Lise R. Lothe, Torsten Eken, and Rick Serola
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Chiropractic ,RZ201-275 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Published
- 2017
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225. Novel Strategy for Photopatterning Emissive Polymer Brushes for Organic Light Emitting Diode Applications
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Zachariah A. Page, Benjaporn Narupai, Christian W. Pester, Raghida Bou Zerdan, Anatoliy Sokolov, David S. Laitar, Sukrit Mukhopadhyay, Scott Sprague, Alaina J. McGrath, John W. Kramer, Peter Trefonas, and Craig J. Hawker
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2017
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226. Socioeconomic status is associated with symptom severity and sickness absence in people with infectious intestinal disease in the UK
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Tanith C. Rose, Natalie L. Adams, Benjamin Barr, Jeremy Hawker, Sarah J. O’Brien, Mara Violato, Margaret Whitehead, and David C. Taylor-Robinson
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Socioeconomic factors ,Occupation ,Infectious intestinal disease ,Diarrhoea ,Sick leave ,Symptom severity ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background The burden of infectious intestinal disease (IID) in the UK is substantial. Negative consequences including sickness absence are common, but little is known about the social patterning of these outcomes, or the extent to which they relate to disease severity. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis using IID cases identified from a large population-based survey, to explore the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and symptom severity and sickness absence; and to assess the role of symptom severity on the relationship between SES and absence. Regression modelling was used to investigate these associations, whilst controlling for potential confounders such as age, sex and ethnicity. Results Among 1164 cases, those of lower SES versus high had twice the odds of experiencing severe symptoms (OR 2.2, 95%CI;1.66–2.87). Lower SES was associated with higher odds of sickness absence (OR 1.8, 95%CI;1.26–2.69), however this association was attenuated after adjusting for symptom severity (OR 1.4, 95%CI;0.92–2.07). Conclusions In a large sample of IID cases, those of low SES versus high were more likely to report severe symptoms, and sickness absence; with greater severity largely explaining the higher absence. Public health interventions are needed to address the unequal consequences of IID identified.
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- 2017
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227. Transformed or Transformative? Two Northwest Coast Artists in the Era of Assimilation
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Hawker, Ronald W.
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Frederick Alexie ,Mathias Joe ,non-traditional sources of inspiration - Abstract
The article examines the work of two First Nations artists active along the Northwest Coast during the assimilation era (1867-1951): Frederick Alexie and Mathias Joe. Although they were by no means the only Northwest Coast artists active during this period, I have selected them specifically because they are not normally discussed in the plethora of books and articles on Northwest Coast art published since 1947. Neither, for example, appear in the pivotal 1980 catalogue The Legacy, the who’s who of historic and contemporary Northwest Coast artists. They did, however, receive Euro-Canadian attention during their lives and shared a willingness to produce work drawing on what might be called non-traditional sources of inspiration. Through their creations, these men also addressed Native and non-Native publics about the central issues of land, education, and First Nations status in Canadian society. In these ways, they disrupt the paradigm commonly applied to Northwest Coast art that privileges objects produced solely for ceremonial use and sees the history of Northwest Coast art as one of a “classic”mid-nineteenth-century climax, early-twentieth-century “decline,” and mid-twentieth-century “renaissance.” This outdated, European-derived model fails to account for the complex political and social circumstances that informed both the production and reception of Northwest Coast objects during the era of assimilation and undervalues the ways in which indigenous arts contributed to the public assertion of and debate over Indian policy in Canada.
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- 2001
228. Sociodemographic and clinical risk factors for paediatric typical haemolytic uraemic syndrome: retrospective cohort study
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David Taylor-Robinson, Margaret Whitehead, Benjamin Barr, Claire Jenkins, Natalie Adams, Sarah O'Brien, Tanith Rose, Lisa Byrne, Bob Adak, Andre Charlett, Mara Violato, and Jeremy Hawker
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Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Objectives Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) following Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection is the the most common cause of acute renal failure among children in the UK. This study explored differential progression from STEC to HUS by social, demographic and clinical risk factors.Methods We undertook a retrospective cohort study linking two datasets. We extracted data on paediatric STEC and HUS cases identified in the Public Health England National Enhanced Surveillance System for STEC and British Paediatric Surveillance Unit HUS surveillance from 1 October 2011 to 31 October 2014. Using logistic regression, we estimated the odds of HUS progression by risk factors.Results 1059 paediatric STEC cases were included in the study, of which 207 (19.55%, 95% CI 17% to 22%) developed HUS. In the fully adjusted model, the odds of progression to HUS were highest in those aged 1–4 years (OR 4.93, 95% CI 2.30 to 10.56, compared with 10–15 years), were infected with an Shiga toxin (stx) 2-only strain (OR 5.92, 95% CI 2.49 to 14.10), were prescribed antibiotics (OR 8.46, 95% CI 4.71 to 15.18) and had bloody diarrhoea (OR 3.56, 95% CI 2.04 to 6.24) or vomiting (OR 4.47, 95% CI 2.62 to 7.63), but there was no association with progression to HUS by socioeconomic circumstances or rurality.Conclusion Combining data from an active clinical surveillance system for HUS with the national enhanced STEC surveillance system suggests that 20% of diagnosed paediatric STEC infections in England resulted in HUS. No relationship was found with socioeconomic status or rurality of cases, but differences were demonstrated by age, stx type and presenting symptoms.
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- 2019
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229. A multifaceted primary care practice-based intervention to reduce ED visits and hospitalization for complex medical patients: A mixed methods study.
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Tara O'Brien, Noah Ivers, Onil Bhattacharyya, Andrew Calzavara, Laura Pus, Geetha Mukerji, Steven M Friedman, Howard Abrams, Ian Stanaitis, Gillian A Hawker, and Pauline Pariser
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundThe management of complex, multi-morbid patients is challenging for solo primary care providers (PCPs) with limited access to resources. The primary objective of the intervention was to reduce the overall rate of Emergency Department (ED) visits among patients in participating practices.Methods and findingsAn interrupted time series design and qualitative interviews were used to evaluate a multifaceted intervention, SCOPE (Seamless Care Optimizing the Patient Experience), offered to solo PCPs whose patients were frequent users of the ED. The intervention featured a navigation hub (nurse, homecare coordinator) to link PCPs with hospital and community resources, a general internist on-call to provide phone advice or urgent assessments, and access to patient results on-line. Continuous quality improvement (QI) strategies were employed to optimize each component of the intervention. The primary outcome was the relative pre-post intervention change in ED visit rate for patients of participating practices compared with that for a propensity-matched control group of physicians over the contemporaneous period. Themes were identified from semi-structured interviews on PCP's experiences and influential factors in their engagement. Twenty-nine physicians agreed to participate and were provided access to the intervention over an 18-month time period. There were a total of 1,525 intervention contacts over the 18-months (average: 50.6±60.8 per PCP). Both intervention and control groups experienced a trend towards lower rates of ED use by their patients over the study time period. The pre-post difference in trend for the intervention group compared to the controls was not significant at 1.4% per year (RR = 1.014; p = 0.59). Several themes were identified from qualitative interviews including: PCPs felt better supported in the care of their patients; they experienced a greater sense of community, and; they were better able to provide shared primary-specialty care.ConclusionsThis multifaceted intervention to support solo PCPs in the management of their complex patients did not result in a reduced rate of ED visits compared to controls, likely related to variable uptake among PCPs. It did however result in more comprehensive and coordinated care for their patients. Future directions will focus on increasing uptake by improving ease of use, increasing the range of services offered and expanding to a larger number of PCPs.
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- 2019
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230. Kinetics of Carbaryl Hydrolysis: An Undergraduate Environmental Chemistry Laboratory
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Hawker, Darryl
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Kinetics is an important part of undergraduate environmental chemistry curricula and relevant laboratory exercises are helpful in assisting students to grasp concepts. Such exercises are also useful in general chemistry courses because students can see relevance to real-world issues. The laboratory exercise described here involves determination of the second-order rate constant for base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the carbamate pesticide, carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate), still widely used in the US and other countries. The exercise employs relatively simple and readily available equipment and exploits a bathochromic (red) absorbance shift of a product (1-naphthoxide) at pH = 10 that minimizes absorbance overlap between reactant and product. Using a pseudo-first-order approach, carbaryl half-life at pH 10 to 11 ranges from approximately 1.5 h to less than 10 min, enabling completion within a 3 h laboratory period. The exercise can also be adapted for higher-level courses by using transition state theory to discriminate between hydrolysis mechanisms. To emphasize the practical utility of this exercise to students, at its conclusion, they can prepare waste carbaryl-containing solutions for disposal by this same hydrolysis process.
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- 2015
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231. Immunomodulatory therapy in children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS, MIS-C; RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial
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Faust, Saul N, Haynes, Richard, Jones, Christine E, Staplin, Natalie, Whittaker, Elizabeth, Jaki, Thomas, Juszczak, Ed, Spata, Enti, Wan, Mandy, Bamford, Alasdair, Dimitri, Paul, Finn, Adam, Furness, John, Ramanan, Athimalaipet V, Gale, Christopher, Cathie, Katrina, Drysdale, Simon, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Murray, Clare, Roehr, Charles C, Fleming, Paul, Riordan, Andrew, Bandi, Srini, Jyothish, Deepthi, Evans, Jennifer, Emonts, Marieke, Kelly, Dominic, Pathan, Nazima, Davies, Patrick, Hague, Rosie, Pollock, Louisa, Semple, Malcolm G, Peto, Leon, Baillie, J Kenneth, Buch, Maya, Jeffery, Katie, Knight, Marian, Lim, Wei Shen, Montgomery, Alan, Mukherjee, Aparna, Mumford, Andrew, Rowan, Kathryn, Thwaites, Guy, Mafham, Marion, Emberson, Jonathan, Landray, Martin J, Horby, Peter W, Chappell, Lucy, Day, Jeremy, Dung, DV, Day, Jeremy, Quang, NN, Binh, Prof, Burhan, E, Alisjahbana, B, Koirala, J, Basnet, S, Kestelyn, E, Basnyat, B, Gyanwali, P, Hamers, RL, Sandercock, P, Darbyshire, J, DeMets, D, Fowler, R, Lalloo, D, Munavvar, M, Roberts, I, Warris, A, Wittes, J, Craddock-Bamford, A, Barton, J, Basoglu, A, Brown, R, Brudlo, W, Denis, E, Fletcher, L, Howard, S, Musini, S, Taylor, K, Cui, G, Goodenough, B, King, A, Lay, M, Murray, D, Stevens, W, Wallendszus, K, Welsh, R, Crichton, C, Davies, J, Goldacre, R, Harper, C, Knight, F, Nunn, M, Salih, H, Welch, J, Campbell, M, Pessoa-Amorim, G, Zayed, M, Wiles, J, Bagley, G, Cameron, S, Chamberlain, S, Farrell, B, Freeman, H, Kennedy, A, Whitehouse, A, Wilkinson, S, Wood, C, Reith, C, Davies, K, Halls, H, Holland, L, Truell, R, Wilson, K, Lingwood, Emma, Howie, L, Lunn, M, Rodgers, Penelope, Amuasi, J, Baird, K, Bao, T, Basnyat, B, Bittaye, M, Bonney, J, D'Alessandro, U, Dhimal, M, Gyanwali, P, Hamers, RL, Huyen, T, Jagne, A, Karkey, A, Kestelyn, E, Maiga, O, Matey, E, Nadjm, B, Nel, J, Pant, S, Puspatriani, K, Rahardjani, M, Raijal, S, Rees, H, Rimainar, A, Roberts, C, Rocca, A, Shrestha, S, Usuf, E, Vidaillic, C, Wulandari, F, Alexander, A, Amezaga, M, Armah, C, Asghar, A, Aubrey, P, Barker-Williams, K, Barnard, A, Bartholomew, J, Beaumont-Jewell, D, Beddows, S, Beety, J, Birch, C, Boyle, P, Brend, M, Brookes, M, Callens, C, Campbell, D, Campbell, H, Cate, H, Chambers, E, Chapman, K, Coe, A, Collins, J, Crawshaw, S, Das, S, De Soyza, A, Denton, E, Dicks, P, Dolman, M, Donaldson, K, Dowden, L, Dowling, S, Drake, C, Duckles-Leech, H, Duffy, H, Gerdes, L, Gibbons, K, Gill, L, Gilmour, K, Goodwin, J, Graham, J, Green, C, Hall, C, Hall, A, Hampshire, K, Hanson, J, Harman, T, Harper, H, Harrison, S, Hicks, J, Hodgson, H, Hough, M, Jackson, S, Johnson, G, Kirk, J, Lemoine, N, Levett, C, Lock, S, Lockett, T, Logan, M, Lomme, K, Luo, J, McMillan, N, Membrey, H, Mguni, N, Minton, J, Monaghan, H, Murphy, S, Muzengi, N, Naz, M, Nickson, I, Odam, M, Ohia, U, Okell, E, Oliver, A, Pearson, K, Pine, K, Pleass, R, Porter, D, Porter, L, Potter, A, Poustie, V, Pratt, S, Price, A, Priest, A, Rodgers, A, Rook, C, Ryan, P, Sam, S, Sharratt, P, Sheffield, J, Shenton, J, Shirley, K, Skinner, T, Slade, H, Sutu, M, Taylor, J, Thomas, E, Tinkler, H, Unsworth, A, Usher, R, van't Hoff, W, Walker, S, Walters, J, Walton, E, Warmington, J, Wayman, E, Williams, P, Williamson, J, Williamson, D, Yelnoorkar, F, Knight, M, Hodson, K, Pavord, S, Williamson, C, Bowman, L, Chen, F, Clarke, R, Goonasekara, M, Herrington, W, Judge, P, Ng, S, Preiss, D, Reith, C, Sammons, E, Zhu, D, Arkley, C, Bowker, P, Bruce, J, Byrne-Watts, V, Chapman, G, Coleman, G, Denwood, T, Gray, J, Harrison, D, Mather, N, Pinches, H, Rees, A, Rees, S, Turner, G, Abani, O, Abbas, A, Abbas, F, Abbas, J, Abbas, K, Abbas, M, Abbasi, S, Abbass, H, Abbott, A, Abdallah, N, Abdelaziz, A, Abdelfattah, M, Abdelqader, B, Abdul, A, Abdul, B, Abdul, S, Abdul Rasheed, A, Abdulakeem, A, Abdul-Kadir, R, Abdullah, A, Abdulmumeen, A, Abdul-Raheem, R, Abdulshukkoor, N, Abdusamad, K, Abed El Khaleq, Y, Abedalla, M, Abeer Ul Amna, A, Abel, L, Abernethy, K, Abeywickrema, M, Abhinaya, C, Aboaba, A, Aboagye-Odei, A, Aboelela, H, Abo-Leyah, H, Abouelela, K, Abou-Haggar, A, Abouibrahim, M, Abousamra, A, Abouzaid, M, Abraham, M, Abraham, T, Abraheem, A, Abrams, J, Abrams, R, Abu, H, Abu-Arafeh, A, Abubacker, S, Abung, A, Abusamra, Y, Aceampong, Y, Achara, A, Acharya, D, Acheampong, S, Acheampong, P, Acheson, J, Achieng, S, Acosta, A, Acquah, R, Acton, C, Adabie-Ankrah, J, Adair, P, Adam, F, Adam, M, Adamali, H, Adamczyk, M, Adams, C, Adams, D, Adams, K, Adams, L, Adams, N, Adams, R, Adams, T, Adamu-Ikeme, L, Adati, K, Adcock, K, Addo, A, Adeagbo, O, Adebiyi, A, Adedeji, O, Adegeye, Y, Adegoke, K, Adell, V, Adenwalla, S, Adeoye, F, Adesemoye, O, Adewunmi, E, Adeyanju, A, Adeyemi, J, Adeyemo, T, Adhikary, R, Aditya, A, Adkins, G, Adnan, A, Aeron-Thomas, J, Affleck, D, Afnan, C, Afridi, M, Aftab, Z, Agarwal, M, Agbeko, R, Agbo, C, Aggarwal, S, Aghababaie, A, Aguilar Jimenez, L, Ahamed Sadiq, S, Ahammed Nazeer, M, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, B, Ahmed, F, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, I, Ahmed, K, Ahmed, L, Ahmad, M, Ahmed, N, Ahmed, O, Ahmed, R, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, S H, Ahmed Ali, R, Ahmed Mohamud, B, Ahmer, S, Ahonia, A, Aiken, C, Ail, D, Ainsworth, M, Aissa, M, Aitken, L, Ajay, B, Ajibode, A, Ajmi, A, Akhtar, N, Akili, S, Akinbiyi, B, Akindolie, O, Akinfenwa, Y, Akinkugbe, O, Akinpelu, I, Akram, M, Aktinade, O, Akudi, U, Al Aaraj, A, Al Balushi, A, Al Dakhola, M, Al Swaifi, A, Al-Abadi, E, Alabi, A, Aladangady, N, Alafifi, M, Alam, A, Alam, S, Al-Asadi, A, Alatzoglou, K, Albert, P, Albon, L, Alcala, A, Alcorn, G, Alcorn, S, Aldana, A, Alderdice, D, Aldesouki, A, Aldouri, R, Aldridge, J, Aldridge, N, Alegria, A, Alexander, C, Alexander, J, Alexander, P, Al-Fori, J, Alghazawi, L, Alhabsha, O, Al-Hakim, B, Alhameed, R, Al-Hayali, M, Al-Hity, S, Ali, A, Ali, F, Ali, J, Ali, M, Ali, N, Ali, O, Ali, R, Ali, S, Aliberti, E, Alin, J, Alina, A, Alipustain, A, Aliyuda, F, Alizaedeh, K, Al-Jibury, M, Al-Juboori, S, Al-Khalil, M, Alkhudhayri, A, Alkhusheh, M, Allan, F, Allan, N, Allanson, A, Allcock, R, Allen, E, Allen, J, Allen, K, Allen, L, Allen, P, Allen, R, Allen, S, Allen, T, Alli, A, Allison, K, Allman, B, Allsup, D, Allsop, H, Allsop, L, Almahroos, A, Al-Moasseb, H, Al-Obaidi, M, Alomari, L, Al-Rabahi, A, Al-Ramadhani, B, Al-Saadi, Z, Al-Sammarraie, R, Alshaer, I, Al-Shahi Salman, R, Al-Shamkhani, W, Alsheikh, F, Al-Sheklly, B, Altaf, S, Alty, A, Alvarez, M, Alvarez Corral, M, Alveyn, E, Alzetani, M, Amamou, S, Amar, N, Ambalavanan, S, Ambrogetti, R, Ambrose, C, Ameen, A, Ames, K, Amin, A, Amin, K, Amin, S, Amin, T, Amit, B, Amjad, A, Amjad, N, Amosun, V, Amsal, M, Amsha, K, Amutio Martin, N, Amy, P, Anada, A, Anand, A, Anandappa, S, Anantapatnaikuni, S, Anderson, E, Anderson, J, Anderson, L, Anderson, M, Anderson, N, Anderson, R, Anderson, S, Anderson, W, Andreou, P, Andrews, A, Andrews, J, Andrews, J, Aneke, K, Ang, A, Ang, W, Angel, T, Angela, A, Angelini, P, Anguvaa, L, Anichtchik, O, Anim-Somuah, M, Aniruddhan, K, Annett, J, Anning, L, Anstey, P, Anstey, R, Anthony, A, Anthony-Pillai, A, Antill, P, Antonnia, Z, Anu, V, Anwar, M, Apetri, E, Apostolopoulos, A, Appleby, S, Appleyard, D, Aquino, M, Araba, B, Aransiola, S, Araujo, M, Archer, A, Archer, D, Archer, S, Arcoria, D, Ardley, C, Arias, A, Aribike, O, Arimoto, R, Armata, I, Armistead, J, Armitage, A, Armstrong, C, Armstrong, M, Armstrong, S, Armstrong, W, Armtrong, P, Arndt, H, Arnison-Newgass, C, Arnold, D, Arnold, R, Arnott, A, Arora, D, Arora, R, Arora, K, Arora, P, Arter, A, Arumaithurai, A, Arya, A, Arya, R, Asandei, D, Asghar, M, Ashab, M, Ashbrook-Raby, C, Ashby, H, Ashcroft, J, Ashcroft, S, Asher, G, Ashfak, Z, Ashfaq, A, Ashish, A, Ashley, D, Ashman-Flavell, S, Ashok, S, Ashour, A, Ashraf, S, Ashraf, M, Ashraq, M, Ashton, D, Ashton, S, Ashworth, A, Ashworth, F, Ashworth, R, Aslam, A, Aslam, I, Aslam, S, Aslett, L, Asogan, H, Asrar, A, Assaf, O, Astin-Chamberlain, R, Athorne, D, Atkins, B, Atkins, C, Atkins, S, Atkinson, J, Atkinson, V, Atomode, A, Atraskiewicz, B, Attia, A, Attubato, E, Attwood, M, Auer, Z, Aujayeb, A, Aung, A, Aung, H, Aung, K, Aung, N, Aung, Y, Aung, Z, Austin, E, Austin, K, Auwal, A, Avari, M, Avery, M, Aveyard, N, Avis, J, Aviss, G, Avram, C, Avram, P, Awadelkareem, A, Awadzi, G, Awaly, M, Awan, A, Awoseyila, A, Aya, A, Ayaz, E, Ayers, A, Azam, J, Azeem, A, Azharuddin, M, Aziz, A, Aziz, G, Aziz, I, Aziz, N, Azkoul, A, Azman Shah, A, Azzopardi, G, Azzoug, H, Babatunde, F, Babi, M, Babiker, B, Babington, G, Babirecki, M, Babores, M, Babs-Osibodu, A, Bacciarelli, S, Bachar, R, Bachour, M, Bacon, G, Bacon, J, Badal, B, Bader, M, Badhan, G, Badhrinarayanan, S, Bae, J, Baggaley, A, Baggott, A, Bagmane, D, Bagshaw, L, Bahadori, K, Bailey, A, Bailey, J, Bailey, K, Bailey, L, Bailey, M, Bailey, P, Bailey, S, Baillie, H, Baillie, J, Bain, J, Bains, V, Baird, D, Baird, E, Baird, S, Baird, T, Baird, T, Baird, Y, Bajandouh, A, Baker, D, Baker, E, Baker, J, Baker, J, Baker, K, Baker, M, Baker, R, Baker, T, Baker, V, Bakere, H, Bakerly, N, Baker-Moffatt, M, Bakhai, A, Bakhtiar, N, Bakoulas, P, Bakthavatsalam, D, Balachandran, N, Balan, A, Balasingam, P, Balaskas, T, Balasubramania, M, Balatoni, N, Balcombe, A, Baldwin, A, Baldwin, C, Baldwin, D, Baldwin, F, Baldwin, A, Baldwin-Jones, R, Bale, N, Balfour, J, Ball, R, Ball, M, Ballard, K, Balluz, I, Balmforth, C, Balogh, E, Baltmr, A, Baluwala, A, Bambridge, G, Bamford, P, Bamford, A, Bamgboye, A, Bancroft, H, Bancroft, E, Banda, J, Bandaru, K, Bandla, N, Bandyopadhyam, S, Banerjee, A, Banerjee, R, Bani-Saad, O, Banks, H, Banks, L, Banks, P, Bann, C, Bannister, H, Bannister, O, Banton, L, Baptist, M, Baqai, T, Baral, A, Baramova, D, Barbe, R, Barbon, E, Barbosa, M, Barbour, J, Barclay, A, Barclay, A, Barclay, C, Bardsley, G, Bareford, S, Bari, S, Barker, A, Barker, D, Barker, E, Barker, H, Barker, J, Barker, L, Barker, O, Barker-Williams, K, Barkha, S, Barla, J, Barlow, G, Barlow, R, Barlow, V, Barnacle, J, Barnes, D, Barnes, N, Barnes, R, Barnes, T, Barnetson, C, Barnett, A, Barnett-Vanes, A, Barnsley, W, Barr, A, Barr, C, Barr, D, Barr, J, Barratt, N, Barratt, S, Barrera, M, Barrett, A, Barrett, F, Barrett, J, Barrett, S, Barrow, E, Bartlett, C, Bartlett, G, Bartlett, J, Bartlett, L, Bartley, S, Bartolmeu-Pires, S, Barton, A, Barton, G, Barton, L, Barton, R, Baruah, R, Baryschpolec, S, Bashir, H, Bashyal, A, Basker, B, Basran, A, Bassett, G, Bassett, J, Bassford, C, Bassoy, B, Bastion, V, Basumatary, A, Basvi, P, Bataduwaarachchi, V, Bate, T, Bateman, H, Bateman, K, Bateman, V, Bates, E, Bates, H, Bates, M, Bates, S, Batham, S, Batista, A, Batla, A, Batra, D, Batty, A, Batty, H, Batty, T, Baum, M, Baumbe, R, Bautista, C, Bawa, T, Bawa, F, Bawani, F, Bax, S, Baxter, M, Baxter, N, Baxter, Z, Bayes, H, Bayo, L-A, Bazari, F, Bazaz, R, Bazli, A, Beacham, L, Beadles, W, Beadon, K, Beak, P, Beale, A, Beard, K, Beardsal, K, Bearpark, J, Beasley, A, Beattie, S, Beaumont, K, Beaver, T, Beavis, S, Beazley, C, Beck, S, Beckett, V, Beckitt, R, Beckley, S, Beddall, 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E, Walton, L, Walton, M, Walton, O, Walton, S, Wands, M, Wane, R, Wang, F, Wang, N, Wang, R, Wang, S, Warbrick, D, Warburton, S, Ward, C, Ward, D, Ward, E, Ward, H, Ward, J, Ward, L, Ward, N, Ward, R, Ward, T, Warden, S, Wardere, G, Wardle, S, Wardy, H, Waring, G, Waring, S, Warner, B, Warner, C, Warnock, L, Warran, S, Warren, J, Warren, L, Warren, R, Warren, Y, Warrender, D, Warren-Miell, H, Warwick, G, Wassall, H, Wasson, E, Wastson, E, Watchorn, H, Waterfall, H, Waters, A, Waters, D, Waterstone, M, Watkin, A, Watkins, C, Watkins, E, Watkins, K, Watkins, L, Watson, A, Watson, E, Watson, F, Watson, J, Watson, K, Watson, L, Watson, P, Watson, R, Watters, M, Watterson, D, Watts, D, Watts, J, Watts, M, Waugh, V, Wayman, E, Wayman, M, Wazir, A, Weatherhead, M, Weatherly, N, Webb, C, Webb, H, Webb, K, Webb, S, Websdale, C, Webster, D, Webster, I, Webster, J, Webster, T, Wedlin, J, Wee, L, Weerakoon, R, Weerasinghe, T, Weeratunga, J, Weetman, M, Wei, S, Weichert, I, Welch, E, Welch, H, Welch, L, Welch, S, Welham, B, Weller, S, Wellings, L, Wells, B, Wellstead, S, Welsh, B, Welters, I, Welton, R, Wenn, V, Wentworth, L, Wesonga, J, Wesseldine, K, West, J, West, M, West, R, West, S, Western, L, Westhead, R, Weston, H, Westwood, A, Westwood, K, Westwood, S, Wetherill, B, Wheaver, S, Wheeler, H, Whelan, B, Whelband, M, Whileman, A, Whitcher, A, White, A, White, B, White, C, White, D, White, J, White, K, White, M, White, N, White, S, White, T, Whitehead, C, Whitehorn, K, Whitehouse, C, Whitehouse, T, Whiteley, J, Whiteley, L, Whiteley, S, Whitham, R, Whitlingum, G, Whitmore, D, Whittam, L, Whittington, A, Whittle, H, Whittle, R, Wiafe, E, Wiblin, L, Wickens, O, Widdrington, J, Wieboldt, J, Wieringa, H, Wiesender, C, Wiffen, L, Wight, A, Wignall, A, Wignall, C, Wilce, A, Wilcock, D, Wilcock, E, Wilcox, L, Wild, B, Wild, L, Wild, S, Wilde, M, Wilding, L, Wilding, P, Wildsmith, T, Wileman, J, Wiles, K, Wilhelmsen, E, Wiliams, T, Wilkie, J, Wilkin, D, Wilkins, H, Wilkins, J, 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Yeung, C, Yew, P, Yewatkar, D, Ylquimiche Melly, L, Ynter, I, Yong, H, Yorke, J, Youens, J, Younes Ibrahim, A, Young, E, Young, G, Young, L, Yousafzar, A, Youssouf, S, Yousuf, A, Yu, C, Yuan, J, Yung, B, Yusef, D, Yusef, S, Yusuf, I, Zafar, A-M, Zagalo, S, Zaher, S, Zahoor, A, Zainab, M, Zak, T, Zaki, K, Zakir, N, Zalewska, K, Zamalloa, A, Zaman, M, Zaman, S, Zamikula, J, Zammit, L, Zammit-Mangion, M, Zawadzka, M, Zebracki, E, Zehnder, D, Zeidan, L, Zeinali, D, Zhang, J, Zhao, X, Zheng, D, Zia, M, Zibdeh, O, Zill-E-Huma, R, Zin, E, Zincone, E, Zindoga, G, Zinkin, E, Zinyemba, V, Zipitis, C, Zitter, L, Zmierczak, A, Zubikarai, G, Zubir, A, Zuhra, N, Zulaikha, R, Zulfikar, S, Zullo, C, and Zuriaga-Alvaro, A
- Abstract
Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), also known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) emerged in April, 2020. The paediatric comparisons within the RECOVERY trial aimed to assess the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin or corticosteroids compared with usual care on duration of hospital stay for children with PIMS-TS and to compare tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody) or anakinra (anti-IL-1 receptor antagonist) with usual care for those with inflammation refractory to initial treatment.
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- 2024
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232. Versatile synthesis of siloxane‐based graft copolymers with tunable grafting density
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D'Ambra, Colton A., Czuczola, Michael, Getty, Patrick T., Murphy, Elizabeth A., Abdilla, Allison, Biswas, Souvagya, Mecca, Jodi M., Bekemeier, Thomas D., Swier, Steven, Hawker, Craig J., and Bates, Christopher M.
- Abstract
A versatile synthetic platform is reported that affords high molecular weight graft copolymers containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) backbones and vinyl‐based polymer side chains with excellent control over molecular weight and grafting density. The synthetic approach leverages thiol‐ene click chemistry to attach an atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator to a variety of commercially available poly(dimethylsiloxane‐co‐methylvinylsiloxane) backbones (PDMS‐co‐PVMS), followed by controlled radical polymerization with a wide scope of vinyl monomers. Selective degradation of the siloxane backbone with tetrabutylammonium fluoride confirmed the controlled nature of side‐chain growth via ATRP, yielding targeted side‐chain lengths for copolymers containing up to 50% grafting density and overall molecular weights in excess of 1 MDa. In addition, by using a mixture of thiols, grafting density and functionality can be further controlled by tuning initiator loading along the backbone. For example, solid‐state fluorescence of the graft copolymers was achieved by incorporating a thiol‐containing fluorophore along the siloxane backbone during the thiol‐ene click reaction. This simple synthetic platform provides facile control over the properties of a wide variety of grafted copolymers containing flexible PDMS backbones and vinyl polymer side chains.
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- 2024
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233. Novel Approach for Ranking DEMs: Copernicus DEM Improves One Arc Second Open Global Topography
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Bielski, Conrad, Lopez-Vazquez, Carlos, Grohmann, Carlos H., Guth, Peter L., Hawker, Laurence, Gesch, Dean, Trevisani, Sebastiano, Herrera-Cruz, Virginia, Riazanoff, Serge, Corseaux, Axel, Reuter, Hannes I., and Strobl, Peter
- Abstract
We present a practical approach to intercompare a range of candidate digital elevation models (DEMs) based on predefined criteria and a statistically sound ranking approach. The presented approach integrates the randomized complete block design (RCBD) into a novel framework for DEM comparison. The method presented provides a flexible, statistically sound, and customizable tool for evaluating the quality of any raster—in this case, a DEM—by means of a ranking approach, which takes into account a confidence level and can use both quantitative and qualitative criteria. The users can design their own criteria for the quality evaluation in relation to their specific needs. The application of the RCBD method to rank six
$1''$ $1''$ $1''$ - Published
- 2024
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234. Effect of active TENS versus de-tuned TENS on walking capacity in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized controlled trial
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Ammendolia, Carlo, Côté, Pierre, Rampersaud, Y. Raja, Southerst, Danielle, Schneider, Michael, Ahmed, Aksa, Bombardier, Claire, Hawker, Gillian, and Budgell, Brian
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- 2019
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235. An individualized patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) based patient decision aid and surgeon report for patients considering total knee arthroplasty: protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
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Bansback, Nick, Trenaman, Logan, MacDonald, Karen V., Hawker, Gillian, Johnson, Jeffrey A., Stacey, Dawn, and Marshall, Deborah A.
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- 2019
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236. Multi Electron Spin Cluster Enabled Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with Sulfonated BDPA.
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Tobar, Celeste, Albanese, Kaitlin, Chaklashiya, Raj, Equbal, Asif, Hawker, Craig, and Han, Songi
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- 2023
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237. Intracluster correlation coefficients in osteoarthritis cluster randomized trials: A systematic review.
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King, Lauren K., Bodmer, Nicolas S., Saadat, Pakeezah, Bobos, Pavlos, Hawker, Gillian A., and da Costa, Bruno R.
- Abstract
The design, analysis, and interpretation of cluster randomized clinical trials (RCTs) require accounting for potential correlation of observations on individuals within the same cluster. Reporting of observed intracluster correlation coefficients (ICCs) in cluster RCTs, as recommended by Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), facilitates sample size calculation of future cluster RCTs and understanding of the trial statistical power. Our objective was to summarize observed ICCs in osteoarthritis (OA) cluster RCTs. Systematic review of knee/hip OA cluster RCTs. We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for trials published from 2012, when CONSORT cluster RCTs extension was published, to September 2022. We calculated the proportion of cluster RCTs that reported observed ICCs. Of those that did, we extracted observed ICCs. PROSPERO: CRD42022365660. We screened 1121 references and included 20 cluster RCTs. Only 5 trials (25%) reported the observed ICC for at least one outcome variable. ICC values for pain outcomes were: 0, 0.01, 0.18; for physical function outcomes were: 0, 0.06, 0.13 (knee)/0.27 (hip); Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) total: 0.02, 0.02; symptoms of anxiety/depression: 0.22; disability: 0; and global change: 0. One out of four (25%) trials reported an ICC that was larger than the ICC used for sample size calculation and thus was underpowered. Despite CONSORT statement recommendations for reporting cluster RCTs, few OA trials reported the observed ICC. Given the importance of the ICC to interpretation of trial results and future trial design, this reporting gap warrants attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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238. Exploiting NIR Light-Mediated Surface-Initiated PhotoRAFT Polymerization for Orthogonal Control Polymer Brushes and Facile Postmodification of Complex Architecture through Opaque Barriers.
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Ng, Gervase, Wu, Zilong, Zhang, Tong, Dang, Anh Phong, Yao, Yin, Nelson, Andrew R. J., Prescott, Stuart W., Postma, Almar, Moad, Graeme, Hawker, Craig J., and Boyer, Cyrille
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- 2023
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239. Brief communication: Organochlorine pesticides in an archived firn core from Law Dome, East Antarctica
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M. Bigot, M. A. J. Curran, A. D. Moy, D. C. G. Muir, D. W. Hawker, R. Cropp, C. F. Teixeira, and S. M. Bengtson Nash
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were, for the first time, quantified in archived firn cores from East Antarctica representative of 1945–1957 and 1958–1967 (current era, C.E.). The core sections were melted under high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and the meltwater was analysed. Methods allowed quantification of hexachlorocyclohexanes, heptachlor, trans-chlordane, dieldrin and endrin. While the core presented evidence of nominal contamination by modern-use chemicals, indicating handling and/or storage contamination, legacy OCP concentrations and deposition rates reported are orders of magnitude lower than those from Arctic regions, lending support for their validity. The study further provides a description of equipment used and suggests methods to overcome logistical challenges associated with trace organic contaminant detection in polar regions.
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- 2016
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240. Two Linked Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli Outbreaks, Nottingham, UK, June 2014
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Sophie Newitt, Vanessa MacGregor, Vivienne Robbins, Laura Bayliss, Marie Anne Chattaway, Tim Dallman, Derren Ready, Heather Aird, Richard Puleston, and Jeremy Hawker
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Enteroinvasive ,Escherichia ,E. coli ,EIEC ,EIEC O96:H19 ,bacteria ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) outbreaks are uncommon in Europe. In June 2014, two EIEC outbreaks occurred in Nottingham, UK, within 2 days; outbreak A was linked to a takeaway restaurant and outbreak B to a wedding party. We conducted 2 analytical studies: a case–control study for outbreak A and a cohort study for outbreak B. We tested microbiological and environmental samples, including by using whole-genome sequencing. For both outbreaks combined, we identified 157 probable case-patients; 27 were laboratory-confirmed as EIEC O96:H19–positive. Combined epidemiologic, microbiological, and environmental findings implicated lettuce as the vehicle of infection in outbreak A, but the source of the organism remained unknown. Whole-genome sequencing identified the same organism in cases from both outbreaks, but no epidemiologic link was confirmed. These outbreaks highlight that EIEC has the capacity to cause large and severe gastrointestinal disease outbreaks and should be considered as a potential pathogen in foodborne outbreaks in Europe.
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- 2016
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241. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain Measure for the knee
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Sara Hojat Panah, Hamze Baharlouie, Zahra Sadat Rezaeian, and Gilian Hawker
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Intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain measure ,knee osteoarthritis ,pain ,pain questionnaire ,Persian ,reliability ,validity ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to translate and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the 11-item Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP) measure in Iranian subjects with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA). Materials and Methods: The ICOAP questionnaire was translated according to the Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity and Innovation (MAPI) protocol. The procedure consisted of forward and backward translation, as well as the assessment of the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the questionnaire. A sample of 230 subjects with KOA was asked to complete the Persian versions of ICOAP and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). The ICOAP was readministered to forty subjects five days after the first visit. Test-retest reliability was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach′s alpha and item-total correlation. The correlation between ICOAP and KOOS was determined using Spearman′s correlation coefficient. Result: Subjects found the Persian-version of the ICOAP to be clear, simple, and unambiguous, confirming its face validity. Spearman correlations between ICOAP total and subscale scores with KOOS scores were between 0.5 and 0.7, confirming construct validity. Cronbach′s alpha, used to assess internal consistency, was 0.89, 0.93, and 0.92 for constant pain, intermittent pain, and total pain scores, respectively. The ICC was 0.90 for constant pain and 0.91 for the intermittent pain and total pain score. Conclusion: The Persian version of the ICOAP is a reliable and valid outcome measure that can be used in Iranian subjects with KOA.
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- 2016
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242. Elements Needed for Quality Batterer Intervention Programs: Perspectives of Professionals Who Deal with Intimate Partner Violence
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Morrison, Penelope K., Cluss, Patricia A., Miller, Elizabeth P., Fleming, Rhonda, Hawker, Lynn, Bicehouse, Terry, George, Donna, Wright, Kalem, and Chang, Judy C.
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- 2017
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243. Engineering live cell surfaces with functional polymers via cytocompatible controlled radical polymerization
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Niu, Jia, Lunn, David J., Pusuluri, Anusha, Yoo, Justin I., O'Malley, Michelle A., Mitragotri, Samir, Soh, H. Tom, and Hawker, Craig J.
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- 2017
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244. Comparing earth observation and inundation models to map flood hazards
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Laurence Hawker, Jeffrey Neal, Beth Tellman, Jiayong Liang, Guy Schumann, Colin Doyle, Jonathan A Sullivan, James Savage, and Raphael Tshimanga
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flood hazard ,global flood model ,earth observation ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Science ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Global flood models (GFMs) and earth observation (EO) play a crucial role in characterising flooding, especially in data-sparse, under-resourced regions of the world. However, validation studies are often limited to a handful of historic events and do not directly assess the ability of these products to simulate flood hazard—the probability that flooding will occur in a given location. As a result, it is difficult for stakeholders to decipher the ability of either models or observations to identify flood hazard and make decisions to mitigate for flooding. Here, we leverage flood observations from 20 years of MODIS data to compare the recorded flooding with what would be expected given the hazard simulated by a GFM. We devise an approach, Flood Expectation Per Pixel, and apply it across four large basins in Africa—Congo, Niger, Nile and Volta representing a variety of biomes. We estimate the uncertainty of EO to capture flood events due to burned areas, cloud cover and vegetation, incorporating uncertainty estimates when comparing to modelled hazard. We found that at lower return periods (RPs) (
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- 2020
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245. Perspectives on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Simulation for Flood Modeling in the Absence of a High-Accuracy Open Access Global DEM
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Laurence Hawker, Paul Bates, Jeffrey Neal, and Jonathan Rougier
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digital elevation models ,open-access ,geostatistics ,flood ,stochastic simulation ,floodplains ,Science - Abstract
Open-access global Digital Elevation Models (DEM) have been crucial in enabling flood studies in data-sparse areas. Poor resolution (>30 m), significant vertical errors and the fact that these DEMs are over a decade old continue to hamper our ability to accurately estimate flood hazard. The limited availability of high-accuracy DEMs dictate that dated open-access global DEMs are still used extensively in flood models, particularly in data-sparse areas. Nevertheless, high-accuracy DEMs have been found to give better flood estimations, and thus can be considered a ‘must-have’ for any flood model. A high-accuracy open-access global DEM is not imminent, meaning that editing or stochastic simulation of existing DEM data will remain the primary means of improving flood simulation. This article provides an overview of errors in some of the most widely used DEM data sets, along with the current advances in reducing them via the creation of new DEMs, editing DEMs and stochastic simulation of DEMs. We focus on a geostatistical approach to stochastically simulate floodplain DEMs from several open-access global DEMs based on the spatial error structure. This DEM simulation approach enables an ensemble of plausible DEMs to be created, thus avoiding the spurious precision of using a single DEM and enabling the generation of probabilistic flood maps. Despite this encouraging step, an imprecise and outdated global DEM is still being used to simulate elevation. To fundamentally improve flood estimations, particularly in rapidly changing developing regions, a high-accuracy open-access global DEM is urgently needed, which in turn can be used in DEM simulation.
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- 2018
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246. Relationship between socioeconomic status and gastrointestinal infections in developed countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Natalie L Adams, Tanith C Rose, Jeremy Hawker, Mara Violato, Sarah J O'Brien, Benjamin Barr, Victoria J K Howard, Margaret Whitehead, Ross Harris, and David C Taylor-Robinson
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundThe association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health is well-documented; however limited evidence on the relationship between SES and gastrointestinal (GI) infections exists, with published studies producing conflicting results. This systematic review aimed to assess the association between SES and GI infection risk, and explore possible sources of heterogeneity in effect estimates reported in the literature.MethodsMEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and grey literature were searched from 1980 to October 2015 for studies reporting an association between GI infections and SES in a representative population sample from a member-country of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Harvest plots and meta-regression were used to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity such as age; level of SES variable; GI infection measurement; and predominant mode of transmission. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO: CRD42015027231.ResultsIn total, 6021 studies were identified; 102 met the inclusion criteria. Age was identified as the only statistically significant potential effect modifier of the association between SES and GI infection risk. For children, GI infection risk was higher for those of lower SES versus high (RR 1.51, 95% CI;1.26-1.83), but there was no association for adults (RR 0.79, 95% CI;0.58-1.06). In univariate analysis, the increased risk comparing low and high SES groups was significantly higher for pathogens spread by person-to-person transmission, but lower for environmental pathogens, as compared to foodborne pathogens.ConclusionsDisadvantaged children, but not adults, have greater risk of GI infection compared to their more advantaged counterparts. There was high heterogeneity and many studies were of low quality. More high quality studies are needed to investigate the association between SES and GI infection risk, and future research should stratify analyses by age and pathogen type. Gaining further insight into this relationship will help inform policies to reduce inequalities in GI illness in children.
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- 2018
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247. A generosity of spirit
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Hawker, Craig J.
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- 2019
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248. A scoping review of how early-stage knee osteoarthritis has been defined.
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Liew, Jean W., King, Lauren K., Mahmoudian, Armaghan, Wang, Qiuke, Atkinson, Hayden F., Flynn, David B., Appleton, C. Thomas, Englund, Martin, Haugen, Ida K., Lohmander, L. Stefan, Runhaar, Jos, Neogi, Tuhina, and Hawker, Gillian
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Early-stage knee osteoarthritis (KOA) classification criteria will enable consistent identification and trial recruitment of individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) at an earlier stage of the disease when interventions may be more effective. Toward this goal, we identified how early-stage KOA has been defined in the literature. We performed a scoping literature review in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science, including human studies where early-stage KOA was included as a study population or outcome. Extracted data included demographics, symptoms/history, examination, laboratory, imaging, performance-based measures, gross inspection/histopathologic domains, and the components of composite early-stage KOA definitions. Of 6142 articles identified, 211 were included in data synthesis. An early-stage KOA definition was used for study inclusion in 194 studies, to define study outcomes in 11 studies, and in the context of new criteria development or validation in six studies. The element most often used to define early-stage KOA was Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade (151 studies, 72%), followed by symptoms (118 studies, 56%), and demographic characteristics (73 studies, 35%); 14 studies (6%) used previously developed early-stage KOA composite criteria. Among studies defining early-stage KOA radiographically, 52 studies defined early-stage KOA by KL grade alone; of these 52, 44 (85%) studies included individuals with KL grade 2 or higher in their definitions. Early-stage KOA is variably defined in the published literature. Most studies included KL grades of 2 or higher within their definitions, which reflects established or later-stage OA. These findings underscore the need to develop and validate classification criteria for early-stage KOA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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249. What techniques are recommended to undertake procedures that require asepsis? Content and cluster analysis of information supplied in international guidance.
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Purssell, E., Hawker, C., Gallagher, R., and Gould, D.J.
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Health professionals frequently conduct procedures requiring asepsis but there is no definitive evidence-based guidance on how aseptic technique should be undertaken. To undertake content and cluster analysis to compare and contrast information relating to the conduct of aseptic technique in national and international guidance. Content and hierarchical cluster analysis. We identified 16 sources of information from: organizations that generate infection prevention guidelines, provide advice about infection prevention in addition to other topics, generate guidance for procedures (e.g., wound care); practice manuals; MeSH and Wikipedia. Content related to: theory underpinning aseptic technique; terminology used; how and when it should be undertaken; and equipment. The nature and amount of information varied widely. Most frequently stated information related to: environment or equipment (N = 13), followed by the absolute nature of asepsis and the importance of hand hygiene (N = 10); general personal protective equipment, the significance of pathogens, and no-touch techniques (N = 8); that it is risk-based (N = 7); the existence of key parts or sites, and that there are different types of aseptic technique (N = 6). The most comprehensive sources were a wound care organization in the USA, and a British internationally used textbook. Least information was provided in some general infection prevention guidelines. Progress with research and practice in relation to aseptic technique suffers through lack of common goals and understanding. This study is one step towards establishing what constitutes aseptic technique, how and when it should be conducted, and the equipment necessary. This is required to support practice, policy and education, and may improve sustainability of healthcare resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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250. Antiadhesive Copolymers at Solid/Liquid Interfaces: Complementary Characterization of Polymer Adsorption and Protein Fouling by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy and Quartz-Crystal Microbalance Measurements with Dissipation Monitoring.
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Gao, Jinpeng, Stengel, Peter, Lu, Tieyi, Wu, Yuchen, Hawker, Dustin D., Gutowski, Keith E., Hankett, Jeanne M., Kellermeier, Matthias, and Chen, Zhan
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- 2023
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