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478 results on '"Osborne, J. L."'

214. The Kolar Gold Fields neutrino project

Author

Menon, M. G. K., primary, Naranan, S., additional, Narasimham, V. S., additional, Hinotani, K., additional, Ito, N., additional, Miyake, S., additional, Creed, D. R., additional, Osborne, J. L., additional, and Wolfendale, A. W., additional

Published
1968
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230. Primary particle acceleration above 100 TeV in the shell-type supernova remnant RX J1713.7 − 3946 with deep H.E.S.S. observations (Corrigendum)

Author

Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A. G., Bazer-Bachi, A. R., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Boisson, C., Bolz, O., Borrel, V., Braun, I., Brion, E., Brown, A. M., Bühler, R., Büsching, I., Carrigan, S., Chadwick, P. M., Chounet, L.-M., Coignet, G., Cornils, R., Costamante, L., Degrange, B., Dickinson, H. J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Drury, L.O’C., Dubus, G., Egberts, K., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Espigat, P., Feinstein, F., Ferrero, E., Fiasson, A., Fontaine, G., Funk, Seb., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gallant, Y. A., Giebels, B., Glicenstein, J. F., Glück, B., Goret, P., Hadjichristidis, C., Hauser, D., Hauser, M., Heinzelmann, G., Henri, G., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hoffmann, A., Hofmann, W., Holleran, M., Hoppe, S., Horns, D., Jacholkowska, A., de Jager, O. C., Kendziorra, E., Kerschhaggl, M., Khélifi, B., Komin, Nu., Konopelko, A., Kosack, K., Lamanna, G., Latham, I. J., Le Gallou, R., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lohse, T., Martin, J. M., Martineau-Huynh, O., Marcowith, A., Masterson, C., Maurin, G., McComb, T. J.L., Moulin, E., de Naurois, M., Nedbal, D., Nolan, S. J., Noutsos, A., Olive, J.-P., Orford, K. J., Osborne, J. L., Panter, M., Pelletier, G., Pita, S., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Ranchon, S., Raubenheimer, B. C., Raue, M., Rayner, S. M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ripken, J., Rob, L., Rolland, L., Rosier-Lees, S., Rowell, G., Sahakian, V., Santangelo, A., Saugé, L., Schlenker, S., Schlickeiser, R., Schröder, R., Schwanke, U., Schwarzburg, S., Schwemmer, S., Shalchi, A., Sol, H., Spangler, D., Spanier, F., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Superina, G., Tam, P. H., Tavernet, J.-P., Terrier, R., Tluczykont, M., van Eldik, C., Vasileiadis, G., Venter, C., Vialle, J. P., Vincent, P., Völk, H. J., Wagner, S. J., and Ward, M.

Published
2011
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232. An analysis of the nuclear interactions of high energy cosmic rays

Author

Osborne, J. L.

Subjects
520
Abstract

A study of kaon production in high energy nucleon-air nucleus collisions in the atmosphere; has been made based on the muon momentum spectrum at sea level. Starting from the measured vertical momentum spectrum the spectra at zenith angles between 75º and 90º have been predicted for various admixtures: of kaons and pions, taking into account all decay modes: of both charged and neutral kaons. The predicted values are compared with the intensities measured using the Durham horizontal muon spectrographs Although the method of computation allows the spectra to be predicted to an accuracy of 1% the present statistical errors on both the vertical and horizontal intensities are such that only an upper limit to R, the ratio of intensities at production of kaons to pions of all charge states, can be given; this has a value of about kOfo over a range of mesoa energies from about 70 G-eV to 1000 GeV. In order to extend the determination of the value of R to lower and higher energies respectively, reviews have been made of measurements of muon polarization at sea level and of the intensity of the electro magnetic cascades at various heights in the atmosphere. Combining the three methods an estimate is given of R over a range of meson energies from. 3 GeV tc 5000 GeV. If R is taken to be independent of energy a value of 20% would fit the data best over the whole energy range, but the error on this value approaches ± 20%.Comparing R with Ri, the observed ratio of numbers of non-pions to pions produced in individual interactions, it is concluded that, provided that the majority of non-pions are kaons, there is no evidence for the effective mean energies of pions and kaons from individual nuclear interactions being different in the range of primary energies from 10 GeV to 10(^5) GeV. Using the measured vertical spectrum of muons the energy spectra and angular distribution of neutrinos at sea level are calculated. The information is used in the interpretation of the preliminary results from, the Tata Institute-Osaka-Durham joint neutrino experiment in progress at the Kolar Gold Field Comparison of observed rates of events with rates predicted from extrapolation to higher energies of machine results on neutrino-nucleus collisions indicates that the cross-section for inelastic interactions continues to rise above 10 GeV Support for this conclusion is provided by the first results of the Case Institute-Witwatersrand University neutrino experiment. The possibility is discussed of detecting the hypothetical Intermediate Boson of weak interactions.

Published
1966

235. Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators.

Author

Fürst, M. A., McMahon, D. P., Osborne, J. L., Paxton, R. J., and Brown, M. J. F.

Subjects
*HONEYBEE diseases, *BUMBLEBEES, *INSECT pollinators, *EMERGING infectious diseases, *PATHOGENIC microorganisms, *HUMANITARIANISM
Abstract

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) pose a risk to human welfare, both directly and indirectly, by affecting managed livestock and wildlife that provide valuable resources and ecosystem services, such as the pollination of crops. Honeybees (Apis mellifera), the prevailing managed insect crop pollinator, suffer from a range of emerging and exotic high-impact pathogens, and population maintenance requires active management by beekeepers to control them. Wild pollinators such as bumblebees (Bombus spp.) are in global decline, one cause of which may be pathogen spillover from managed pollinators like honeybees or commercial colonies of bumblebees. Here we use a combination of infection experiments and landscape-scale field data to show that honeybee EIDs are indeed widespread infectious agents within the pollinator assemblage. The prevalence of deformed wing virus (DWV) and the exotic parasite Nosema ceranae in honeybees and bumblebees is linked; as honeybees have higher DWV prevalence, and sympatric bumblebees and honeybees are infected by the same DWV strains, Apis is the likely source of at least one major EID in wild pollinators. Lessons learned from vertebrates highlight the need for increased pathogen control in managed bee species to maintain wild pollinators, as declines in native pollinators may be caused by interspecies pathogen transmission originating from managed pollinators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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236. An introduction to the Farm-Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops.

Author

Firbank, L. G., Heard, M. S., Woiwod, I. P., Hawes, C., Haughton, A. J., Champion, G. T., Scott, R. J., Hill, M. O., Dewar, A. M., Squire, G. R., May, M. J., Brooks, D. R., Bohan, D. A., Daniels, R. E., Osborne, J. L., Roy, D. B., Black, H. I. J., Rothery, P., and Perry, J. N.

Subjects
*HERBICIDE-resistant crops
Abstract

Summary 1. Several genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops have cleared most of the regulatory hurdles required for commercial growing in the United Kingdom. However, concerns have been expressed that their management will have negative impacts on farmland biodiversity as a result of improved control given by the new herbicide regimes of the arable plants that support farmland birds and other species of conservation value. 2. The Farm-Scale Evaluations (FSE) project is testing the null hypothesis that there is no difference between the management of GMHT varieties of beet, oilseed rape and maize and that of comparable conventional varieties in their effect on the abundance and diversity of arable plants and invertebrates. The FSE also aims to estimate the magnitude and consider the implications of any differences that are found. 3. The experimental design of the FSE is a randomized block, with two treatments allocated at random to half-fields. The target sample is around 60–75 fields for each crop, selected to represent variation of geography and intensity of management across Britain. The experimental crops are managed by commercial farmers as if under commercial conditions. 4. Biodiversity indicators have been selected from plants and terrestrial invertebrates to identify differences between crop management regimes that may result in important ecological changes over larger scales of space and time. Field sampling is at fixed points, mainly along transects from the field boundary, starting before the crop is sown and continuing into following crops. 5. Synthesis and applications. The FSE is best considered as an investigation into the effects of contrasting crop management regimes on farmland biodiversity, rather than a study of the effects of genetic modification. It could become a model for future studies of ecological effects of the way we use and manage agricultural land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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