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This paper is an executive summary of the full European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, published in Europace. It summarises developments in the field and provides recommendations for patient management, with particular emphasis on new advances since the previous European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The EHRA consensus document is available to read in full at http://europace.oxfordjournals.org.

This paper is an executive summary of the full European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, published in Europace. It summarises developments in the field and provides recommendations for patient management, with particular emphasis on new advances since the previous European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The EHRA consensus document is available to read in full at http://europace.oxfordjournals.org.

Robotik içerisinde önemli bir yeri olan manipülatörlerin çalışma uzayı içinde kendisine verilen görevi yerine getirebilmesi için uç noktalarının önceden belirlenen bir noktaya hareket etmesi istenir. Manipülatör mekanizmalarının uç noktalarının bu noktaya mümkün olan en kısa sürede gitmesi, mekanizmanın çalışma verimliliği için en önemli etkenlerden biridir. Bunun için manipülatör mekanizmalarının uç noktalarının önceden belirlenen bir noktaya düz bir yörüngede hareket ederek ulaşması amaçlanır.Manipülatör mekanizmalarında düz yörünge üretmek oldukça zor bir işlemdir. Bununla beraber bu mekanizmalarda düz yörünge üretildiğinde birçok avantaj elde edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada düz yörünge üretmek amacıyla beş farklı şekilde konumlandırılmış düzlemsel 3R manipülatör mekanizmaları belirlenmiştir. Bu beş mekanizmadan türetilen yeni mekanizmaların üç farklı parametresi üzerinde çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu parametrelerin her birinin iki farklı değerlerinden oluşturulan kombinasyonlar ile mekanizmalar Working Model 2D programında çalıştırılarak yörünge analizleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada kullanılan düzlemsel 3R manipülatör mekanizmalarının ileri (düz) ve ters kinematiğini hesaplamak için bir denklem takımı oluşturulmuştur. It is desirable for manipulators, which have an important place in the robotics, to move to a predetermined point so that the endpoints can perform the tasks assigned to them in the working space. One of the most important factors for the working efficiency of the mechanism is that the end points of the manipulator mechanisms go to this point as soon as possible. For this purpose it is intended that the end points of the manipulator mechanisms reach a predetermined point by moving in a straight line trajectory.Producing straight line trajectory in manipulator mechanisms is a very difficult process. However, many advantages are gained when straight line trajectory is produced in these mechanisms. In this study, five differently positioned planar 3R manipulator mechanisms have been devised to produce straight line trajectories. Three different parameters of the new mechanisms derived from these five mechanisms have been studied. Trajectory analyzes were performed by running in the mechanisms Working Model 2D program generated combinations of two different values of each of these parameters. In addition, a set of equations has been developed to calculate the forward and inverse kinematics of the planar 3R manipulator mechanisms used in this study. 97

Background: Sleeplessness, fatigue and stress are the main causes that impair the reaction time. Physicians are obliged to work for long hours mostly without sleep, fatigued and under extensive stress, and have to make fast and critical decisions. In this investigation, it was aimed to determine how the reaction times of physicians are affected by long duty hours and night duties. Methods: Thirty male right-handed residents working at the Başkent University Medical Faculty Ankara Hospital were included in the study. Reaction time (RT) measurements were made using the computer-based finger-tapping test developed by Kiziltan et al. The tests were repeated at the initial hour, 24th and 32nd hours separately for auditory and visual stimuli in the period when the physicians’ work continued uninterruptedly for 32 hours. Results: The mean visual RT was found to be 442.90±121.76 msec at the initiation hour and was not significant at the 24th and 32nd hours. The mean auditory RT was determined to be 483.13±113.65 msec at the initiation hour and significantly increased at the 24th and 32nd hours. Conclusion: This study showed that duty hours of up to 32 hours and long duty hours did not impair the auditory and visual RT of physicians in post- graduate education., Amaç: Uykusuzluk, yorgunluk ve stres reaksiyon zamanını olumsuz etkileyen başlıca nedenlerdendir. Doktorlar, çoğu kez uykusuz, yorgun ve yoğun stres altında uzun süre çalışıp, hızlı ve kritik karar vermek zorundadırlar. Bu araştırmada, uzun çalışma süresi ve nöbet tutmanın, doktorların reaksiyon zamanını (RZ) ne şekilde etkileyeceğini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Ankara Hastanesinde çalışan, sağ elini kullanan, 30 erkek asistan doktor dâhil edilmiştir. Reaksiyon zamanı (RZ) ölçümleri, Kızıltan ve ark. geliştirdiği dijital parmak vuru testi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Testler, işitsel ve görsel uyaranlar için ayrı ayrı olmak koşuluyla, doktorların hastanede aralıksız olarak 32 saat boyunca çalıştığı periyot içerisinde 0, 24 ve 32. saatlerde tekrarlanmıştır. Bulgular: Görsel RZ, 0. saatte ortalama 442,90±121,76 msn olarak tespit edilmiş olup 24. ve 32. saatin sonunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değişiklik bulunmamıştır. İşitsel RZ, 0. saatte ortalama 483,13±113,65 msn olup 24. ve 32. saatte elde edilen RZ, gittikçe hızlanmış ve aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, mezuniyet sonrası eğitimde 32 saate kadar olan nöbet tutma ve uzun çalışma süresinin, doktorlarda görsel ve işitsel RZ’yi olumsuz etkilemediğini göstermiştir.

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common chronic arrhythmia associated with unfavorable cardiovascular outcome. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for AF. AF frequently recurs after radiofrequency catheter ablation (CA). This study investigated novel echocardiographic strain parameters as predictors of outcome in hypertensive AF patients treated with first CA. Methods: 116 patients (pts, mean age 62 years, 67% males, mean CHA2DS2-VASc = 1.96) with paroxysmal (63 pts) and persistent (53 pts) AF and preserved ejection fraction (EF >50%) underwent first CA and echocardiography ≤ 30 days prior to CA. Left atrial (LA-GS) and left ventricular (LV-GS) global longitudinal strains were measured with 2D speckle tracking, and patients were followed for AF recurrence. Results: During follow-up of 14.4±5.3 months, 59 pts (51%) had AF recurrence. LA-GS (dichotomized to > or < 24.4 %) predicted freedom from AF recurrence (Figure 1). Patients with AF recurrence had lower LA-GS (16.2% vs 25.1% ; p

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently recurs after radiofrequency catheter ablation (CA). This study investigated novel echocardiographic strain parameters as predictors of outcome in persistent AF patients treated with CA. Methods: 92 patients (mean age 62, mean CHA2DS2-VASc = 1.5) with persistent AF and preserved ejection fraction (EF) underwent first CA and echocardiography ≤ 30 days prior to CA. Left atrial (LA-GS) and left ventricular (LV-GS) global longitudinal strains were measured with 2D speckle tracking, and patients were followed for AF recurrence. Results: During follow-up of 13±3 months, 47 patients (51%) had AF recurrence. LA-GS (dichotomized to > or < 11.98 %) predicted freedom from AF recurrence (Figure 1). Patients with AF recurrence had lower LA-GS (11.3% vs 17.9% ; p38 mL/m2) (HR=2.28, 95% CI=1.26-4.13 ; p=0.006) were independent predictors of AF recurrence. When echocardiographic parameters were entered as continuous variables LA-GS (HR=0.82, 95% CI=0.75-0.88 ; p

BACKGROUND -Cardiac tamponade is the most dramatic complication observed during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and the leading cause of procedure-related mortality. Female gender is a known risk factor for complications during AF ablation; however, it is unknown whether women have a higher risk of tamponade. METHODS AND RESULTS -A systematic Medline search was used to locate academic electrophysiologic (EP) centers that reported cases of tamponade occurring during AF ablation. Centers were asked to provide information on cases of acute tamponade according to gender and their mode of management including any case of related mortality. Nineteen EP centers provided information on 34,943 ablation procedures involving 25,261 (72%) males. Overall 289 (0.9%) cases of tamponade were reported: 120 (1.24%) in females and 169 (0.67%) in males (odds ratio 1.83, P