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Concussions are a global public health concern, and education on the importance of self-reporting may not reach all athletes to the same degree around the world. To determine if differences were present in the concussion awareness, understanding, and -reporting behaviors of collegiate athletes' in 3 countries with varied degrees of concussion publicity. Cross-sectional survey. Collegiate sports medicine clinics. Collegiate athletes in the United States (n = 964; high publicity), Ireland (n = 302; moderate publicity), and Jordan (n = 129; low publicity). The degree of concussion publicity was categorized based on the extent of national public health awareness initiatives, care guidelines, research publications, and mass media coverage. Participants completed a 10- to 15-minute survey on concussion awareness, understanding, and -reporting behaviors. The main outcome measures were concussion education (awareness; 21 options; select all sources of concussion information), concussion knowledge (understanding; maximum score of 49), and diagnosed/nondisclosed concussion history (reporting behaviors; self-report yes/no items). A higher proportion of Jordanian athletes reported never having received concussion information previously (73.6%) than Irish (24.2%) or US athletes (9.4%). Knowledge differed among countries (P <.0001, η2 =.28), with US athletes displaying higher total knowledge scores (40.9 ± 4.5) than Jordanian (35.1 ± 5.6) and Irish (32.1 ± 3.5) athletes. Greater percentages of Irish and US athletes reported a history of a diagnosed concussion (31.8% and 29.6%, respectively) and history of concussion nondisclosure (25.2% and 15.5%, respectively) than Jordanian athletes (2.3% and 0.0% for history of a diagnosed concussion and history of concussion nondisclosure, respectively). In the United States, where concussion publicity is high, formal legislation exists, and sports medicine resources and concussion awareness and understanding were increased. More culturally appropriate concussion initiatives are needed globally to ensure that athletes around the world can identify concussive injuries and understand the dangers of continued sport participation while concussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To explore the perspectives of those involved in co‐designing a mobile application with people with dementia and their carers. Background: People with dementia suffer physical and psychological problems as their illness progresses and require a range of health and social care services to meet their needs. Mobile applications are being developed to support individuals to manage long‐term conditions, but patients and carers are not always involved in designing this technology, which can lead to poor quality health apps. A digital initiative was launched to involve people with dementia and their carers in creating a mobile app that would support communication and enable them to share memories together. Design: An exploratory, descriptive approach was used. Methods: In‐depth interviews with people with dementia, their carers, and others involved in co‐creating a mobile health application were conducted. Data analysis was undertaken using the framework approach. Results: The views of people with dementia, their carers, and project staff were similar regarding the complexity of the co‐design process, and the value the mobile app had for people with dementia and their families. Being involved in co‐production seemed to have numerous benefits for people with dementia and their carers as they gained new knowledge and skills, friendships, and a sense of achievement in creating a unique app that would benefit many people. The app also appeared useful in stimulating memory and cognitive function, aiding communication, and providing a sense of normalcy for people living with dementia and their carers. Conclusion: Mobile health applications can facilitate interaction between people with dementia and their carer network that could improve their quality of life. Further research on which co‐design process is best suited to people with dementia and whether technology created via this participatory method is more effective or not in improving health outcomes is required. Implications for practice: Nurses should have knowledge of and education about technology and how it can promote health and wellbeing of persons with dementia. Nurses who care for people with dementia and their families should support them in taking part in or leading the design of technologies that meet their needs. Participatory design methods should be taught in nursing education so the profession can provide guidance to patients and their families on co‐creating health products and services [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial provides an overview of secondary data analysis in nursing science and its application in a range of contemporary research. The practice of undertaking secondary analysis of qualitative and quantitative data is also discussed, along with the benefits, risks and limitations of this analytical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of body composition in horse racing, a unique weight-restricted sport, provides an important health and performance indicator. The accuracy of skinfold prediction equations at estimating % body fat (% BF) was compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data in a group of professional Irish jockeys (age 27.5 ± 7.7 years). Body composition was assessed in seventy-two male professional jockeys (flat n=35 and national hunt n=37) using standardised guidelines for skinfold thickness at 8 sites and DXA body fat assessment. Hydration status was assessed using urine specific gravity (Usg) to determine if participants were euhydrated and male specific prediction equations (Durnin and Womersley, Evans, Lohman, Reilly, Withers and Zemski) were selected to estimate % BF. Jockeygroup specific equations were developed using the collected dataset. The selected equations underestimated % BF with variability between equations ranging from 7% to 10% compared to the DXA % BF of 15%. Flat jockeys were significantly lighter and shorter (p < 0.05) compared to national hunt jockeys resulting in the need for individual jockey-specific equations. The Flat and National Hunt Jockey specific equations demonstrated overall agreement accounting for 84% and 83% variance, respectively. Caution must be taken when using existing prediction equations due to the variability of % BF relative to DXA. Jockey-specific equations offer an alternative method for interpreting estimated body fat %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial summarizes the evolution of virtual reality and its application in a variety of healthcare contexts to improve nursing education, research, and clinical practice. The use of digital avatars in conjunction with virtual reality systems is also discussed, along with the benefits and risks of this emerging technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurse-administered blood transfusion (BT) is a common form of medical treatment, but nursing students are often excluded from participating in and observing BTs during clinical placements. To address clinical placement limitations, nursing educators have increasingly adopted technology-guided simulation pedagogies, including virtual reality (VR) simulation, for nursing students' clinical skills education. To develop VR simulation for BT practice and investigate its effectiveness with nursing students. A single-blinded, two-arm randomised controlled trial. One university in Hong Kong. A total of 151 nursing students enrolled in a nursing undergraduate course at a university in Hong Kong were recruited via convenience sampling in March 2022. Evidence-based VR simulation videos consisting of 1) animated blood formation physiology and side effects of BT and 2) 360° BT nursing practice were developed. The nursing students were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention group (n = 75) received the usual BT education (i.e. Zoom lecture) with the developed VR video education, whereas the control group (n = 76) received the usual BT education (Zoom). The BT knowledge (RBTKQ-O), student satisfaction and self-confidence (SSSC) and self-efficacy (GSES) of BT practice were measured before and after BT education. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed. The primary and secondary outcomes (RBTKQ-O, SSCS and GSES, respectively) improved over time in both groups. Analysis of covariance revealed that students who received VR simulation reported higher post-intervention measurement scores in BT knowledge and SSCS than those who did not receive VR simulation. VR simulation-enhanced BT education effectively enhances the knowledge and SSCS of BT practice amongst nursing students. Nurse educators may adopt VR simulation to enhance the effectiveness of existing BT education for nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Siobhan O'Connor Author Affiliation: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Siobhan O'Connor, MD, MPH National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., NE, Mailstop C-12, Atlanta, GA, 30333. Atlanta, Ga Article Note: (footnote) [star] Am Heart J 1999;138:S550-S551. , [star][star] 0002-8703/99/$8.00 + 0 4/0/101720

Study Objective: To evaluate if peritoneal washings of the abdominopelvic cavity during laparoscopic myomectomy can detect leiomyoma cells after power morcellation.Design: Prospective cohort pilot study.Setting: University of North Carolina Hospitals, an academic, tertiary referral center (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).Patients: Patients undergoing laparoscopic or robotic myomectomy for suspected benign leiomyoma by members of the Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery division between September 2014 and January 2015.Intervention: Washings of the peritoneal cavity were collected at 3 times during surgery: the beginning of the procedure once the peritoneal cavity was accessed laparoscopically, after the myoma was excised and myometrial incision closed, and after uncontained power morcellation.Measurements and Main Results: Twenty patients were included in the analysis. The median morcellation time was 16 minutes (range, 2-36). The median specimen weight was 283.5 g (range, 13-935). Cytologic evaluation (ThinPrep with Papanicolaou staining) did not detect any smooth muscle cells. Cell block histology, however, detected spindle cells in 6 postmorcellation samples. Three of these 6 cases also had spindle cells detected on the postmyomectomy closure samples. When performed on the postmorcellation samples, desmin and smooth muscle actin immunostaining were positive, confirming the presence of smooth muscle cells.Conclusion: Cell block histology, but not cytology, can detect leiomyoma cells in peritoneal washings after power morcellation. With myomectomy, there is some tissue disruption that seems to cause cell spread even in the absence of morcellation. Further protocol testing might allow peritoneal washings to be used in assessing containment techniques and testing comparative safety of different morcellation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]