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In comparison to traditional libraries, digital libraries provide efficient and qualitative services by collecting, organizing, storing, disseminating, retrieving and preserving the information. Digital libraries support preservation besides making information retrieval and delivery more comfortable. It provides online access to historical and cultural documents whose existence is endangered due to physical decay. The major areas which offer digital libraries great exploitation are: Information retrieval, multimedia database, data mining, data warehouse, on-line information repositories, image processing, hypertext, World Wide Web and Wide Area Information Services (WAIS). Digital libraries necessarily include a strong focus on the management of digital content, just as traditional libraries have focused for long on the management of content in physical forms. Most of the digital content that is being managed includes human language, either in the form of character-coded electronic text, scanned versions of printed or handwritten text, or digital representations of human speech. Language technology therefore plays a major role in managing digital content. This comes as no surprise, of course. Digital libraries today make good use of what we know about searching large collections, and techniques such as machine-assisted indexing are employed increasingly often as we strive to extend our reach to progressively larger collections. But we are on the verge of a new era, one in which our machines will learn from what we do and then apply those capabilities to enable the management of digital content at a far larger scale than we could ever hope to do ourselves. Few advantages of digital libraries according to Haddouti are:User can access the information anywhere Reduces bureaucracy by providing access to the information The information is not necessarily located in same place Understanding the catalogue structure is not necessary Cross references to other documents speed up the work of users Full text search Protected information source Wide exploration and exploitation of the information The knowledge dissemination is an integral part of the success story of the popularity of creating digital libraries. The aim is to provide universal access to human knowledge, and given the advancement of digital storage and communications this goal is now achievable. KEY WORDS: Digitalization of Libraries, Role of community information centers in digitalization of libraries.

Digitalisation involves online transaction, as digitalisation of the economy is the usage of electronic mode of transaction for receipts and payments of the country, as most of the developed economies in the world like USA, Japan were using more online transactions some decades back, as it provides benefits for the consumers, producers by saving time, availability in lower cost and reduces the cost of transportation to purchase any products in the country, like education, banking insurance hotel services, and commerce sectors. India is one of the fastest growing developing economy in the world after China, with an average GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of around 7 percent from 2015-2019, India’s internet economy is expected to double from US$ 125 billion as of April 2017 to 250 billion by 2020. India`s E-commerce revenue is expected to jump from US$ 39 billion to US$ 120 billion in 2020, growing an annual rate at 51 percent, due to Covid-19 most of the states in India were in Lock down situation after March 2020, there is a need for all the sectors in the economy for Digital inclusion to achieve the goal of the country that is “Digital India”. India can try to improve to make payments and receipts in unorganised sectors through online digital mode, like digital card payments like ATM (Automated Teller Machine), Rupay, Visa, Maestro, online shopping by promoting central governments schemes like “Make in India”, export promotion trade schemes. India can use this global pandemic situation by making flexible investment destination in the globe, As most of the global giants are spacing away from China to make investment or to open start ups in China, the purpose of this study is to Make India self-reliant by implementing various schemes, E-commerce promotion during covid-19 epidemic situation KEY WORDS: Digital technology, Covid-19, Indian Economy, E-Commerce and online education.

In the modern era information science is very essential to get information and statistics of various departments like education, agriculture and the service sectors, In the Indian context, majority of Indians are living in rural areas and working in Agriculture or small scale industries. In India 74.3 percent population lives in rural areas and 25.7 percentage population lives in urban areas. The agriculture sector provides livelihood to 64 percent. For the development of the country, it is very important to emphasize on the development of rural community. Information is one of the most important factors for the process of development of any sector especially rural community. Information is birth right of a human being irrespective to the class and creed he/she belongs to. Particularly in a big country like India, information needs to be shared and disseminated to all the citizen of the country. So far, libraries and professionals have been serving the population in a closed framework which needs to be changed in the changing context beyond physical buildings to virtual environment. Anything and everything can be found over Internet and this environmental change has changed the information seeking behaviour of the users. KEY WORDS: Community Information Science, Digitalisation Benifits In The Growth Of Library Science In India.

The present study was carried out to examine the ameliorative potential of nanocurcumin against arsenic induced (sub-chronic) alterations in central nervous system in male Wistar rats. Nanocurcumin was synthesised and the hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and particle size were ~ 76.60 nm, (-) 30 mV and 95nm, respectively. Experimental rats sub-chronically exposed to sodium (meta) arsenite (As; 10 mg.kg− 1; 70 days; p.o) induced significant (p p − 1; p.o) showed significant (p 2in brain and angiotensin-II levels (plasma) was significantly (p Nox2 expression in brain following nanocurcumin administration. Thus, the study concludes that nanocurcumin can serve as a potential therapeutic candidate to counter arsenic induced redox imbalance and neuropharmacological disturbances and there exists a vast scope to exploit its utility after appropriate clinical modelling.

The research on the association of the Body mass index and Dental caries has indicated inconsistent results in the previous studies. Therefore, the present review intended to re analyse the relationship between Body mass index and Dental caries. The databases used to search were Pubmed, Embase, Journal of the web using the following mesh terms, Body mass index, overweight, underweight, Obesity, DMFT, Tooth decay, child. The other methods were the manual searches of the reference lists of all selected studies, reviews, conference proceedings with complete information. The results were evaluated based on the 3 groups as an association of Dental caries and BMI for Primary teeth, mixed dentition and permanent teeth. The studies should consider the review based on the individual country specific BMI-for-age centiles to reduce the heterogeneities in the results as it causes inconclusive results.

Background: Yoga is scientifically validated health promotion intervention developed thousands of years ago in India. It is helpful in improving attention, memory and learning efficacy of students along with reduced incidence of depression and anxiety. Introducing yoga in medical curriculum will not only improve the health of students, it will also make them advocates of the same for their patients in future. Objectives: 1. To identify the students who are practicing yoga in medical and nursing college and assess the perceived benefits of yoga practice; 2. To use yoga practicing students to create a ripple effect in the institution for yoga awareness and practice; 3. To incorporate yoga module in the Competency Based Medical Education curriculum(CBME). Materials and Methods: Interventional study among all medical and nursing students. Started with a pre tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics is used for analysis of data with Epi-Info7software.Yoga practicing students were motivated to influence the freshers to adopt yoga(Ripple effect). Results: Among 200 students 83 yoga practicing students were selected as study subjects. Among them 38% of them are practicing for more than 1 year and 25% of them for less than 1 month. 78% of students favorably perceived the health benefits of yoga. Sensitization program had influenced the students positively. Conclusion: Students were aware of the importance of Yoga and all of them perceived some benefits by Yoga practice. Using yoga practicing student volunteers to create ripple effect is a novel method to spread awareness and practice. Keywords: Medical and nursing students, Ripple effect, Yoga.

Background Chronic low back pain is a prevalent disability, often caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy could be a safe and feasible option for repairing the degenerated disc. However, for successful translation to the clinic, various challenges need to be overcome including unwanted adverse effects due to acidic pH, hypoxia, and limited nutrition. Matrilin-3 is an essential extracellular matrix (ECM) component during cartilage development and ossification and exerts chondrocyte protective effects. Methods This study evaluated the effects of matrilin-3-primed adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs) on the repair of the degenerated disc in vitro and in vivo. We determined the optimal priming concentration and duration and developed an optimal protocol for Ad-MSC spheroid generation. Results Priming with 10 ng/ml matrilin-3 for 5 days resulted in the highest mRNA expression of type 2 collagen and aggrecan in vitro. Furthermore, Ad-MSC spheroids with a density of 250 cells/microwell showed the increased secretion of favorable growth factors such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1), TGF-β2, interleukin-10 (IL-10), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and decreased secretion of hypertrophic ECM components. In addition, matrilin-3-primed Ad-MSC spheroid implantation was associated with optimal repair in a rabbit model. Conclusion Our results suggest that priming MSCs with matrilin-3 and spheroid formation could be an effective strategy to overcome the challenges associated with the use of MSCs for the treatment of IVD degeneration.

In this paper, the use of interline power flowcontroller (IPFC) on damping low –frequency oscillations(LFOs) are discussed and a new genetic algorithm(GA)-basedmultistage fuzzy (MSF) DC-Voltage regulator is proposed forIPFC to dampen low- frequency oscillations in (Double line)power system. The suggested control strategy isestimated under various operating conditions, and then it iscompared with conventional controllers to determine itseffectiveness. Time-simulation studies proved the robustperformance of the proposed regulator.Index Terms: Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS),IPFC, low-frequency oscillation (LFO), genetic algorithm(GA)-based multistage fuzzy (MSF) DC-voltage regulator

Background Mesenchymal stromal cell conditioned medium (MSC-CM) contains a cocktail of bioactive factors that act synergistically to induce therapeutic effects. This has been clearly demonstrated by in vivo applications of MSC-CM, but the establishment of controlled delivery systems is an unmet requirement for clinical translation. Methods We developed a nanocomposite-hydrogel (NP-H) comprised of poly-L-lactide nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in gelatin/hyaluronic acid (Gel/HA) hydrogel as a delivery vehicle for MSC-CM. First, we optimized the culture conditions for bone marrow-derived MSCs using serum-containing medium (SCM) and serum-free medium (SFM) and characterized the corresponding CM (serum-containing conditioned medium (ScCM) and serum-free conditioned medium (SfCM), respectively) for its potency and xeno markers. Then we prepared a composite matrix followed by physiochemical characterization and functional assays were performed. Results Nanocomposite hydrogel displayed an even distribution of NPs along with high porosity (> 60%) and swelling ratios > 1500%, while its protein release pattern corresponded to a mix of degradation and diffusion kinetics. Functional evaluation of the composites was determined using MSCs and human fibroblasts (HFFs). The cells seeded directly onto the composites displayed increasing metabolic activities over time, with ScCM-NP-H groups having maximum activity. The cells treated in vitro with 5% and 10% extracts of ScCM-NP-H and SfCM-NP-H exhibited a dose- and duration-dependent response. Cell activities reduced considerably for all groups, except 10% ScCM-NP-H, which displayed a significant increase over time. Conclusion We observed that sustained release of MSC-CM is required to prevent dose-dependent cytotoxicity. The proposed nanocomposite hydrogel for MSC-CM delivery can open up a new array for its clinical application.

Introduction: India recognized as capital for diabetes in world accounts for 69.2 million cases i.e. 8.7% as per the 2015 International Diabetes Federation Data. Despite the availability of efficient medications the mortality and morbidity due to the disease is increasing. Therefore the current study was carried with an aim to identify the barriers of access to care. Objective: To identify the socio-cultural, economic and educational barriers in continuum of treatment among diabetics. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Mysore. Diabetic patients admitted in the hospital were considered for the study. Results: There was no fear of stigma among the participants. 80% of the patients were dependent either economically or physically on their family members, amongst which only half of them got the required family support. 83% of the participants felt that travel to hospital, stay and other expenses were adding on to their existing financial burden of direct and indirect economic loses. The proportion of people among literates who had good knowledge was higher as compared to illiterate but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Counselling sessions must be provided both in hospital and community based setting to enhance health literacy among diabetics. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Socio-cultural, Health literacy, Economic burden, Counselling.