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Background. Cancer-testicular (CT) genes express in tumor cells in many cancers, including endometrial cancer (ER). CT genes mRNA was detected in the blood of patients with neoplasms, which determines the prospects of using CT gene mRNA as tumor-associated biomarkers. In the peripheral blood of patients with ER, the expression of CT genes has not been studied before.Objective. Аssessment of occurrence of mRNA of the CT genesMAGEA1–MAGEA6 (MAGEA(1–6)), SSX1, 2, 4, XAGE1, MAGEC1, NY-ESO1in the tumors and peripheral blood of patients with ER.Materials and methods. The work used 52 samples of tumor and 54 samples of whole peripheral blood of patients 39–79 years old diagnosed with RE who were treated in clinics in Nizhny Novgorod, as well as the blood of 30 healthy volunteers. In blood and tumors, the frequency of occurrence of mRNA of 12 CT genes was determined using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results. It has been shown that the mRNA of the tested CT genes is detected in ER not only in tumors, but also in the peripheral blood of patients. The most common mRNA isMAGEA(1–6). At the same time, both in tumors and in the peripheral blood of patients, high heterogeneity in the expression of CT genes detected. Moreover, cases ofMAGEA(1–6), SSX1, 2, 4, XAGE1, NY-ESO1, MAGEC1mRNA detection in tumors were revealed in the absence of their detection in the peripheral blood and conversely. The total frequency ofMAGEA(1–6), SSX1, 2, 4, XAGE1, NY-ESO1, MAGEC1mRNA occurrence in tumors was 75.0 %, and in peripheral blood – 44.6 %. As in tumors, most blood samples showed expression of only one CT gene. Only in some cases the expression of two or three genes was recorded. Note that in all blood samples of healthy volunteers mRNA CT genes was not detected. Additionally, mixed form of macroscopic growth (both exophytic and endophytic), growth along the uterine fundus and walls, as well as low degree of differentiation were followed by a higher mRNA CT genes occurrence in the blood and tumors.Conclusion. In ER mRNA CT genes occur in the blood and tumors of patients. A more severe course of ER is associated with an increase in the incidence of mRNA CT genes.

Problem and goal. Development of linguistic diversity, creative ideas in foreign language communication are key areas of international activity supported at the level of the United Nations. An important condition for effectiveness of any dialogue is verbal creativity. Preparation of the individual for professional creative thinking, for overcoming verbal stereotypes takes place in professionally-oriented communication. The authors suggest using interactive resources of flash cards in teaching to develop students’ verbal creativity. Metodology. Teaching a foreign language using flash cards is based on the Leitner method. Flash cards as thematic cards depicting objects (concepts) are also used for development of speech (vocabulary, morphology, word formation, syntax, pronunciation), and psychological processes leading to new results (fluency, originality, flexibility). The testing developed by the authors is carried out, it includes the parts “Vocabulary,” “Morphology,” “Word formation,” “Syntax,” “Pronunciation,” “Torrance figure test.” An experimental study was conducted at Vyatka State University during the study of the disciplines “Electronic resources in the professional activity,” “Foreign language.” 60 first-year students studying psychology (bachelor degree level) are involved. The Lexilize resource is used to create flash cards. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Results . Students study services for creating flash cards, use them to process new material, memorize and present concepts, word formation in a variety of contexts. Statistically significant differences in the qualitative changes that occurred in the system according to the levels of development of verbal creativity were revealed. Conclusion. The features of the presented version of using flash cards when teaching are described: combination with other means (mobile applications, simulators, infographics) and traditional forms of information transfer; interdisciplinary connections. Rules are formulated, implementation of which ensures effectiveness of using flash cards for development of verbal creativity.

В статье представлены особенности усвоения учебно-терминологической лексики детьми с интеллектуальными нарушениями, а также обоснована необходимость разработки путей развития математического словаря у обучающихся данной нозологической группы.

В статье затронуты вопросы общественной ситуации и нормативных региональных актов по институту наставничества, а также рассматриваются умения наставника выполнять различные роли: консультанта, тьютора, коучера, от которых может зависеть успешность вхождение в профессиональную деятельность молодых специалистов. Дана характеристика ролевых функциональных назначений наставника-тьютора и наставника-коучера, проявляющихся в организации процесса поддержки и сопровождения. Обращается внимание на модели наставничества как особую форму работы, опирающуюся на личностно ориентированный и индивидуальный подходы по отношению как к студенту, так и к преподавателю-наставнику.

Purpose. To assess the drought resistance of modern varieties of oats at the initial stage of ontogenesis by laboratory method. Methods. The following varieties of oats have been studied: Foma, Otrada, Talisman, Marshal, Ekspress, Assol’, Tigrovy and Petrovich. Relative drought resistance was determined by simulating drought by increasing the osmotic pressure with different concentrations of sucrose: 1.4; 4.4; 7.4; 10.5 and 16.6 %. This corresponded to osmotic pressures of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 atm. Distilled water was used as a control. The response of varieties to drought was determined by seed germination and depression of growth processes. Results. It was found that the varieties Talisman and Petrovich are characterized by very low resistance to drought – at an osmotic pressure of 3 atm, their germination was 29 and 52%, respectively. With a further increase in pressure, only single germinations with a very high degree of depression (more than 80%) were noted. Oat variety Ekspress was characterized by maximum resistance to drought. Its seeds germinated when the osmotic pressure increased to 12 atm (sucrose concentration reached 10.5 %). To a small extent, the Foma variety was inferior to it, which germinated worse than Ekspress, but had an average degree of depression of growth processes at an osmotic pressure of 3 to 12 atm. The rest of the studied oat varieties were moderately drought-resistant both in terms of germination and depression. Scientific novelty. The conducted analysis of variance showed that the relative drought resistance by 72 % depends on the concentration of sucrose, which indicates the inefficiency of the assessment by one concentration. The share of influence of a variety on genetically determined drought resistance is 10.3 %. This confirms the hypothesis that drought resistance is determined not only by genetic inheritance. It is recommended to use varieties Foma and Ekspress as parental forms in breeding for drought resistance.

This article deals with the problem of utilization of the solid residue of fir tree greens formed during the industrial production of essential oils. The objective of this study was to study the chemical composition of bioconversion products of substrates based on fir tree greens. The strain PP-3.2. Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél acted as a biodestructor. In the process of bioconversion, the content of polysaccharides and lignin substances decreases to 38 and 28%, respectively. Up to 20% of protein accumulates in the bioconversion products of fir tree greens. The amount of nucleic acids is no more than 1.5 g per 1 kg, the content of heavy metals does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. The decrease in the mass of the substrate reaches 15%. When the fallen leaves and the post-extraction residue of poplar buds are added to the substrate, the protein content increases by 3%, and the substrate-destroying activity of fungi also increases. The digestibility of products as a result of bioconversion increases by 1.6-2.8 times, depending on the composition of the substrate. The obtained data allow us to recommend post-fermented substrates based on fir tree greens and balsamic poplar biomass for use as a protein feed additive.

Metal parts in machinery often fail as a result of damage caused by wear and tear, resulting in the loss of functionality of the products. Thin film solid nitride coatings are used to improve the wear resistance and service life of parts and are considered to be effective. The article presents a brief overview of modern literature in the field of obtaining wear resistant coatings of titanium carbonitride by using magnetron sputtering. The review presents a detailed assessment of the scientific results obtained depending on the deposition parameters and the conditions for obtaining coatings. The results of the coefficient of friction, wear rate of the coating and counterbody, nanohardness and adhesion force of coatings obtained by magnetron sputtering and its modifications are shown. The influence of alloying elements on the mechanical and tribological properties of titanium carbonitride coatings is considered. Recent advances in the production of titanium carbonitride coatings with improved wear characteristics are discussed.

Frequency of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in the population of women aged 14–45 is 23.0–29.0%, however, in the structure of infections accompanied by pathological vaginal discharge, it accounts for up to 48.6%. This article presents data on the prevalence of BV in the Republic of Dagestan (RD).Aim. To study the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in the RD in various ecological zones.Materials and methods. The analysis of the prevalence of BV in various ecological zones of the RD was carried out by processing the results of the examination of patients who applied for gynecological care.Results. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in the Republic of Dagestan, according to our study, equals 53.6%.Conclusion. In connection with the high incidence of BV in the Republic of Dagestan, it is necessary to search for new methods of treatment and prevention of this pathology.

The problem of natural oscillations of a liquid column in a tubing string, arising after a sudden opening or closing of a vertical well (water hammer), is considered. For this, a mathematical model has been built that describes the dynamics of the fluid column in the well and the filtration flow in the bottomhole zone, analytical solutions of the system of equations have been obtained. To determine the frequency, period, coefficient and decrement of damping of oscillations, a characteristic equation is found. The impact of such parameters as the length of the open section, the perforation zones of the well, the length of the tubing string, the permeability coefficient on the dynamic nature of natural pressure fluctuations has been analyzed.

Background: To create a test for the early detection of cervical cancer (CC), we conducted exploratory studies on detecting HPV genes and genes of the human β-globin locus in plasma (Pl) and RBC suspension (RBCsus) samples from patients with newly detected CC (NDCC). Methods and Results: Smears of venous blood containing K3-EDTA from five anonymous patients aged from 45 to 55 years (residents of Yakutia), with NDCC were obtained. Three types of blood component samples were prepared – plasma (Pl), red blood cell (RBC) suspension (RBCsus), and the erythrocyte fraction treated with trypsin (RBCsus-Try). To detect circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in NDCC patients, we studied the presence of genes corresponding to the HPV L1 protein region and genes of the human β-globin locus by real-time PCR (qPCR) using appropriate primers. The genes of β-globin locus and HPV L1 were detected in Pl of NDCC patients in 20% of cases, and in RBCsus in 60% of cases. The amplified gene products using primers were present in RBCsus-Try in only one patient (20% of cases). In patients with uncertain amplification, electrophoresis showed the absence of amplified products in Pl and their presence in RBCsus. Conclusion: In NDCC patients, HPV L1 and β-globin genes can be detected in both Pl and RBCsus. In addition, in RBC samples, these genes were detected more often than in plasma samples, and no absolute absence of amplification products was observed in RBC samples. The research needs to be continued.

Relevance. Patients with hereditary ordental pathology of hereditary origin (genomic, chromosomal, gene mutations), as well as with multifactorial symptoms, constitute, albeit not a large, but stable group in the composition of human populations. Today, the issues of the diversity of the symptom complex of hereditary pathology are being actively discussed, while clinical observations of such patients expand the theoretical and practical knowledge of doctors of various specialties. Cruson's syndrome is classified as a hereditary monogenic disease (the carriage of a gene occurs without a change in the trait in all subsequent generations), it is distinguished by very bright orodental symptoms and requires an integrated approach to treatment, with the participation of both general practitioners and dentists. The aim of the study was to determine the main ordental symptoms of Cruson's syndrome in children and the peculiarities of supervision at the stages of dental care. Materials and methods: a comprehensive examination and treatment of a patient with a diagnosis of Cruson's syndrome was carried out; all clinical events were carried out on the basis of GAUZ DSP No. 5; GAUZ DRKB MH RT (Kazan). Results: a clinical case of a patient with Cruson's syndrome is presented, demonstrating the results of supervision at the stages of dental care. Taking into account the identified characteristics of the patient, it is important to correctly formulate medical-genetic and dental diagnoses, from which the duration and effectiveness of the chosen treatment tactics follow. A specific feature of the patient that affects the success of treatment is the presence of a psychologically motivated readiness for a large volume of dental reconstructive work, as well as the absence of phobias in front of the actions of a dentist. Conclusions: the treatment of patients with Cruson syndrome requires an integrated approach, depends on the correct diagnosis, the planning of complex treatment, its implementation and the motivation of the patient and his parents.

Toxic effect of the methylmetacrylate monomer bone cement was studied in vivo at the experimental model. Marked changes of metabolism and inner organs structure of rabbits was detected. Efficacy of antioxidant and antihypoxant therapy for the decrease of unfourable side action of methylmetacrylate was shown.