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6,034 results on '"Ma Qian"'

217. Relationship between the anti-inflammatory properties of salmeterol/fluticasone and the expression of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in COPD

Author

Yang Li, Ma Qian-li, Yao Wei, Zhang Qiao, Chen Hua-ping, Wang Guan-song, and Wang Chang-zheng

Subjects
T-lymphocytes, inflammatory mediators, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, salmeterol and fluticasone propionate, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background Salmeterol and fluticasone combination (SFC) has anti-inflammatory effects and improves clinical symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SFC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the inflammatory responses of COPD, as well as the relationship of the inflammatory factors with the levels of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Foxp3+Tregs) after SFC therapy. Methods Twenty-one patients with moderate or severe COPD received treatment with 50/500 μg of SFC twice a day for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, the patients were evaluated using the Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale and by conducting a 6-min walk test. The number of neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes in induced sputum were counted. Levels of cytokines, including pre-inflammatory IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17A and cytokine IL-10, in the sputum supernatant and peripheral blood were measured by ELISA. The proportion of Foxp3+Tregs in the total CD4+ T cell of the peripheral blood was determined by flow cytometry. The relationship between IL-17A levels and the percentage of Foxp3+Tregs was analyzed by statistical analysis. Results After treatment with SFC, the forced expiratory volume in 1 s as a percentage of predicted values (FEV1%) and the 6-min walk distance in the COPD patients significantly increased, while dyspnea scores decreased. The total number of cells, neutrophils, and the percentage of neutrophils in induced sputum reduced notably, while the proportion of monocytes was significantly increased. Levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17A in the sputum supernatant and in the blood were markedly lowered, while IL-10 levels were unchanged. The proportion of Foxp3+Tregs in the total CD4+T cell population in the peripheral blood was drastically higher than that before treatment. The level of IL-17A was negatively correlated with the proportion of Foxp3+Tregs in CD4+T cells. Conclusion SFC can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and improve symptoms of COPD. The levels of inflammatory factors are associated with the variation of Foxp3+Tregs in COPD. Trial registration This study was registered with http://www.chictr.org (Chinese Clinical Trial Register) as follows: ChiCTR-TNC-10001270

Published
2011
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218. Metamaterial assisted illumination nanoscopy via random super-resolution speckles

Author

Lee, Yeon Ui, Zhao, Junxiang, Ma, Qian, Khorashad, Larousse Khosravi, Posner, Clara, Li, Guangru, Wisna, G Bimananda M, Burns, Zachary, Zhang, Jin, and Liu, Zhaowei

Subjects
Bioengineering, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Microscopy, Microscopy, Fluorescence
Abstract

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is one of the most powerful and versatile optical super-resolution techniques. Compared with other super-resolution methods, SIM has shown its unique advantages in wide-field imaging with high temporal resolution and low photon damage. However, traditional SIM only has about 2 times spatial resolution improvement compared to the diffraction limit. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an easily-implemented, low-cost method to extend the resolution of SIM, named speckle metamaterial-assisted illumination nanoscopy (speckle-MAIN). A metamaterial structure is introduced to generate speckle-like sub-diffraction-limit illumination patterns in the near field with improved spatial frequency. Such patterns, similar to traditional SIM, are then used to excite objects on top of the surface. We demonstrate that speckle-MAIN can bring the resolution down to 40 nm and beyond. Speckle-MAIN represents a new route for super-resolution, which may lead to important applications in bio-imaging and surface characterization.

Published
2021

236. Impact of barrages on extreme water levels in the Bristol Channel

Author

Ma, Qian and Adcock, Thomas

Subjects
627, Storm surges, Bristol Channel, Tidal power, Coastal engineering
Abstract

The Bristol Channel/Severn Estuary has some of the largest tides in the world with a mean spring tidal range of 12.2 m. On rare occasions, a significant storm surge will coincide with a spring tide and this has potential for very major coastal flooding given the large amount of low-lying land surrounding the estuary and the high population. Due to the high tidal range, numerous proposals have been made to exploit the Severn Estuary for energy extraction. Developing tidal power as a renewable energy resource is currently under consideration in order to meet increased worldwide energy demands and to reduce carbon emissions. The Severn Barrage and the Swansea Bay Lagoon are two options proposed for the Bristol Channel, which have been evaluated in this thesis. A key concern with this technology is that such structures may cause other environmental problems. However, tidal barrages may also have beneficial environmental effects in some areas, such as mitigating coastal flooding from storm surges. In light of this, this study aims to evaluate how the introduction of a tidal barrage would change the susceptibility of storm surge-induced flooding in the Bristol Channel. In this thesis, the astronomical tides and storm surges are modelled using the open-source hydrodynamic model (ADCIRC DG-SWEM) which solves the two-dimensional shallow water equations. A one-dimensional model is also considered. Both of these models are calibrated and validated with field observations. The models are then modified using an internal barrier boundary to represent the effect on flow of implementing a barrage. During a storm surge event, it is found that to the east of the barrage, the peak water level is significantly reduced by the Severn Barrage. To the west of the barrage, on the ocean side, the presence of the barrage leads to a small increase in the water levels during a surge event. Different operational strategies for the barrage during a storm event are examined, which make a small but perhaps significant difference. The impact of storm surges on power generation is also investigated and is found to be minor. Overall a barrage can help to mitigate the impact of storm surges on coastal flooding. With respect to the Swansea Lagoon, the flooding protection benefits are found to be limited and localised since it is a relatively small project. The resonant response of the Bristol Channel hydrodynamic system is also examined in this thesis. The Severn Barrage is found to cause little change to the resonant response close to the dominant semi-diurnal frequencies and the changes are localised to the device. The application of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model can be computationally cheaper and only key hydrodynamic features are captured. Compared with the two-dimensional DG-SWEM, it is found in this study that the tidal characteristics and barrage behaviour can be accurately simulated by a one-dimensional model while discrepancies occur when modelling storm surges. A one-dimensional model is suitable for a preliminary investigation or a qualitative analysis.

Published
2020

238. Intelligent Metasurface Imager and Recognizer

Author

Li, Lianlin, Shuang, Ya, Ma, Qian, Li, Haoyang, Zhao, Hanting, Wei1, Menglin, Liu, Che, Hao, Chenglong, Qiu, Cheng-Wei, and Cui, Tie Jun

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

It is ever-increasingly demanded to remotely monitor people in daily life using radio-frequency probing signals. However, conventional systems can hardly be deployed in real-world settings since they typically require objects to either deliberately cooperate or carry a wireless active device or identification tag. To accomplish the complicated successive tasks using a single device in real time, we propose a smart metasurface imager and recognizer simultaneously, empowered by a network of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for adaptively controlling data flow. Here, three ANNs are employed in an integrated hierarchy: transforming measured microwave data into images of whole human body; classifying the specifically designated spots (hand and chest) within the whole image; and recognizing human hand signs instantly at Wi-Fi frequency of 2.4 GHz. Instantaneous in-situ imaging of full scene and adaptive recognition of hand signs and vital signs of multiple non-cooperative people have been experimentally demonstrated. We also show that the proposed intelligent metasurface system work well even when it is passively excited by stray Wi-Fi signals that ubiquitously exist in our daily lives. The reported strategy could open a new avenue for future smart cities, smart homes, human-device interactive interfaces, healthy monitoring, and safety screening free of visual privacy issues.

Published
2019

249. Hydrodynamic Design

Author

Li, Ruipeng, Ma, Qian, Cui, Weicheng, Section editor, Cui, Weicheng, editor, Fu, Shixiao, editor, and Hu, Zhiqiang, editor

Published
2022
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250. Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Design of Animation Special Effects

Author

Zhang, Bing, Ma, Qian, Li, Haidong, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Hung, Jason C., editor, Yen, Neil Y., editor, and Chang, Jia-Wei, editor

Published
2022
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