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In an attempt to explain “who, how and why comes to terrorism?”, the research hypothesis that radicalisation is a predictor of terrorism emerged at the beginning of the 21st century. From this moment, the formation of a new scientific research direction on the phenomenon of radicalisation began and dynamically developing interdisciplinary field of study in the second decade of the 2 st century. The article presents the results of radicalisation research current state scientometric analysis the in the Russian and foreign research field, identifies trends and directions, outlines the opportunities and limitations of the development of scientific direction in Russia. The choice of the time period for the analysis (2014-2023) is due to the fact that the second decade of radicalisation research is the most active and productive. In Russia, radicalisation studies appeared only in this period. Based on the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of Russian and foreign publications, the specific characteristics of the research current state are outlined. The key conclusion is that in the study of radicalisation, Russian researchers lag behind by at least a decade, the reasons for the lag and opportunities for the development of scientific direction in Russia are outlined.

Media emotion regulation has been defined as parents’ use of media to regulate their children's emotions in early childhood. The purpose of this review is to investigate the predictors of media emotion regulation and its consequences on children's socioemotional development. As predictors of media emotion regulation, parental education level, parental media use, and the child’s temperament were examined. It was observed that parents with low levels of education and higher personal media use more frequently offer their children media emotion regulation than other parents. The relationships between children’s temperamental domains of negative affect and extraversion/surgency and media emotion regulation have been shown as positive, while the relationship between effortful control and media emotion regulation has been displayed as negative. As for the consequences of media emotion regulation on children's socioemotional development, children’s problematic media use, emotional knowledge, and empathy were examined. The relationship between media emotion regulation and problematic media use was displayed as positive; children who frequently experienced media emotion regulation had increased problematic media use. Also, it was shown that media emotion regulation has a negative role in children's emotional knowledge. As children's experience with media emotion regulation increased, their emotional knowledge decreased. Lastly, in the relationship between media emotion regulation and empathy, both positive and negative findings were observed and variables that may influence this relationship were discussed. This study contributes significantly to understanding the conditions under which children more frequently experience media emotion regulation and the role of this experience on children's socioemotional developmentAs the consequences of media emotion regulation on children’s socio-emotional development, children's problematic media use, emotional knowledge, and empathy have been explored. There is a positive relationship between media emotion regulation and problematic media use. As media emotion regulation increases, children's emotional knowledge decreases. Finally, in the relationship between media emotion regulation and empathy, both positive and negative outcomes have been found, suggesting that media content and how children perceive media emotion regulation may influence this relationship. This study offers a significant contribution by exploring the conditions under which children more frequently experience media emotion regulation and its role in children's socio-emotional development.

The Ustadz Hannan Attaki Bai'at controversy by Kiai Marzuki was chosen as the focus of research because it attracted public attention and gave rise to various points of view. Bai'at was carried out on the sidelines of predecessor's birthday. Ahmad Noer, KH. Mustamar and KH. Murtadho Amin at the Sabilurrosyad Malang Islamic Boarding School generally contained five points. These include the oath of allegiance to the Republic of Indonesia and Nahdlatul Ulama. This research aims to analyze the news about the Bai'at controversy of Ustadz Hannan Attaki, who Kiai Marzuki guided at NU.Online. Through a media framing analysis approach, this research seeks to understand how the media builds issue representation and problem-solving in the context of this controversial Bai'at. The research method used is qualitative with content analysis. The analysis results show that media framing in coverage of the Bai'at Ustadz Hannan Attaki controversy by Kiai Marzuki tends to influence public understanding. At the problem definition stage, news articles tend to adopt a particular viewpoint that shapes the public's perception of Bai'at. In the problemsolving stage, news articles also offer recommendations and implications, which may influence the public's view of the controversy. This research contributes to understanding the role of the media in shaping public perceptions of controversial religious issues. The implications of this research can be used as a reference for a better understanding of media framing in a religious context and the importance of framing analysis in capturing issue representation and problemsolving in coverage.

En este artículo se estudia la representación discursiva de las identidades no normativas en un producto paradigmático de la industria mediática colombiana, la revista SoHo. Las preguntas que guiaron esta investigación fueron: ¿Cómo la revista SoHo (1999–2014) representa a las mujeres trans y a las masculinidades no normativas, en particular al metrosexual?; ¿qué estrategias discursivas son usadas para construir dicha representación?; y, ¿cómo la revista SoHo contribuye a cuestionar o fortalecer la cisheteronormatividad? Se sostiene que en SoHo se construye discursivamente a dichos individuos desde una mirada espectacularizante, reivindicando la cisheterosexualidad como natural y normal, y la masculinidad como propia del cuerpo del hombre cisgénero. Para demostrar lo anterior, se examinaron las estrategias discursivas utilizadas para construir dichas identidades a través de un enfoque interdisciplinar que combina los estudios culturales (latinoamericanos) y de género/queer con la lingüística queer. Este trabajo es un aporte para nuevas investigaciones en torno a la representación de las identidades sexo-genéricamente marginalizadas en la industria mediática colombiana.

The formation of youth identity in communication is on the agenda of many areas of humanitarian knowledge. We analyzed communication within the framework of an educational media project, which resulted in the construction of the expected identity. In the course of the analysis, we used a conceptual model of communication that combines the stages of identity construction in interaction with the environment and the actions of actors from the standpoint of the methodology of actor-network theory. A three-dimensional model of communication is presented for the first time, where actors and actants change the communicative process by their affordances and resistance. The obtained results allow to delineate the necessary actions of human and non-human actors at each stage of communication and identity integration, giving the opportunity to justify a new theoretical direction in the study of the problems of identity construction through media communication. The methodology requires further testing, but there are already positive results. The tendency of actualization of urban identity of young people depending on the focus on interaction with the heritage of the city and according to the stages of communication, according to the conceptual model, has been established. The article is intended for specialists in mass communication and journalism, and will also be useful for those interested in the ontological turn in humanitarian knowledge, actor-network theory, discourse and media text analysis.

Mass school shootings in Russia have become a symbol of deep social and cultural dysfunctions, reflecting a crisis of identity and youth alienation. The paper emphasizes the importance of exploring how the media constructs the image of a school shooter, influencing public perception and the perception of the perpetrators themselves. The media’s role in intensifying the alienation and marginalization of shooters through the ritualization and narrativization of acts of violence requires in-depth analysis. The aim of the study is to analyze the phenomenon of school shootings through the lens of the ritual of chiral initiation and to identify the sociocultural factors contributing to the construction of the shooter’s image. The analysis shows that media coverage of school shootings follows a ritualized script that reinforces the perception of the shooter as an alienated and dangerous individual, cementing his marginal status. The “Non-Return” stage in the chiral initiation ritual illustrates the shooter’s irreversible break from society and self-identity. The study underscores the need for a comprehensive analysis of the media and cultural factors shaping public opinion about school shooters. The target audience of this study includes scholars in sociology, cultural studies, and anthropology, as well as professionals involved in media studies and public safety.

Introduction: Suicide has become a societal crisis owing to the recent increasing trends globally. Of the total suicide deaths globally, two-thirds occur in the developing countries including India. The available data on suicide in India reflect a rate of 11% (according to the National Crime Records Bureau 2013) with the highest rates in older adult males and an increasing trend of suicide deaths in younger age groups. Much of the literature is from the southern part of India with a relatively sparse data from North India. Aim and Methodology: The aim was to examine the 15-year (2004-2019) trend of suicide (age and gender distribution, methods used, and reasons) in an urban city in North India. Information was collected from the leading newspapers (English, Hindi, and Punjabi) of the area. Duplication of information was avoided, and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results: Fluctuations in the total number of suicide cases over the 15-year period were observed with nearly 63% of people committing suicide being younger than 30 years of age, of whom 53% were male. More females in the younger age group and more males in the older age group were suicide victims. Of all the methods used, hanging was the most common (70%), followed by consuming poisonous substance, jumping from height, shooting self, and stabbing in the descending order. A ceiling fan was used for hanging by 32% of victims who hanged themselves, of whom 65% were male. Among the cited reasons, stress/depression was experienced by 19% of victims. Discussion and Conclusion: The trends with respect to age distribution, gender, and method used that is reported in the current study are in line with the trends reported globally. The preventive measures, especially using technological advances in designing fans not suitable for tying noose around it, can be explored.

The research aimed to verify farmers’ views on the impact of content presented in various types of media on the image of Polish agriculture. The 147 responses obtained show that the surveyed farmers negatively assess the impact of traditional media on the image of Polish agriculture. Content presented via social media was positively received. How the media present aspects of agricultural activity and the farmer’s profession in contact with retail customers turned out to be more critical for farmers running smaller farms (36% of respondents rated this issue as necessary). Respondents recognized the importance of presence in social media, but the most frequently mentioned was gaining customers’ trust (73%). Social media presence was more important for farmers operating on smaller farms – those where retail sales were more common. The growing awareness of the needs of modern consumers is indicated by the high percentage of respondents noting that building relationships with customers requires reliable information about product features (53%), concern for the state of the natural environment (46%) and animal welfare (37%).

Objectives The aim of the article is to draw attention to the need to introduce content devoted to fake news and manifestations of disinformation into media education programs. Material and methods The article, based on the review of the literature presents the changes that the media sphere has been increasingly undergoing in recent years, which is increasingly saturated with low-quality information. This makes it necessary for educators to update media education programs with content related to dealing with such an information environment. Results The article indicates basic issues and concepts in the field of counteracting disinformation, which should be the basis for preparing educational programs in the field of modern media education, preparing its recipients for the challenges related to the development of the modern mediasphere. Conclusions Three groups of such content were proposed as a form of recommendation: competences related to knowledge of specific tools, critical thinking skills and awareness of the need to constantly update one's knowledge.

Objectives Acquiring and selecting information are key skills in today's world. According to researchers, information retrieval is among the four so-called basic skills - alongside writing, reading, and arithmetic. Information competencies enable effective learning, significantly impacting the efficiency of the learning process and research exploration. It constitutes a crucial element of adaptation to changing conditions in the information environment and facilitates continuous learning. These competencies should already be possessed by students. Therefore, it was decided to examine first-year media studies students Material and methods In December 2023, students from the fields of journalism and social communication, as well as media design and image marketing, at the University of Lower Silesia (DSW) in Wrocław, received survey questionnaires. These were distributed electronically, created, and made available through the Microsoft Forms application. The questionnaire consisted of 30 closed-ended questions, including 3 allowing for multiple choice among the provided answers. In total, 283 individuals were surveyed. The study indicated that students are aware of the importance of possessing competencies. Results The study revealed that students are aware of the importance of possessing information literacy, but they are not aware of the difficulties associated with the thorough assessment of sources. The sources they use most often are social media, rather than scientific sources supported by authoritative, peer-reviewed expertise. Conclusions The vast majority of students do not acquire information competencies in school. Therefore, it seems justified to include content related to seeking reliable sources, selection and critical assessment of information in higher education curricula.

Based on the assumption that human emotions have an influence on their decisions and attitudes, this paper explores the relationship between emotions and the challenges democracy faces in the 21st century. Focusing on fake news and populism, the paper explores the role of emotions in these phenomena. Some of the emotional patterns analyzed in this paper are the appearance of fear, insecurity, and anger, which are manifested through the creation of “enemies” and “antagonists” embodied by immigrants, political elites, and mainstream media. In the end, by reviewing significant research on this topic, a fundamental distinction is revealed in the interpretation of the mentioned phenomena, considering whether people approach them from an emotionally challenged or reason-driven position. Therefore, a systematical overview of work on this topic can make a significant contribution to the further understanding of these phenomena.

The author of this article posits that media communications serve as a context for the formation of imprinting — a psychophysiological mechanism whereby impressions or images are etched into the brain, evolving into stable behavioral programs. The identification of these programs is facilitated through the analysis of media texts with a high attention coefficient. The study analyzed 200 media texts across various typological niches within the contemporary media system: online news outlets, social media platforms (VK, Odnoklassniki), and blogs, including the “Zen” platform. The findings indicate that different typological segments of the media system represent distinct behavioral programs. In online news outlets, behavioral programs are explicitly manifested in cognitive actions aimed at understanding processes related to Russia’s economic and political landscape. In social media, the prevailing behavioral program is encapsulated in a sentiment inspired by the phenomenology of serendipity. The “Zen” blog platform reveals imprinting through the categories of “irresponsibility,” “playfulness,” and “hooliganism.” In other blogs featuring high attention indices, imprinting is observed in the contemplation of professional issues related to activities in the digital space. The various typological niches of the media system are geared towards the formation of heterogeneous psychophysiological mechanisms, which transform into an axiological foundation that shapes diverse behavioral programs.

Aim: Guidelines for children have been developed to reduce the risks associated with screen use. We aimed to learn the knowledge of pediatricians with children aged 0-6 years about screen use and to identify the screen use habits of their own children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 212 pediatricians who had children aged 0-6 years between August and September 2023. Survey questions were created according to the American Academy of Pediatrics screen time recommendations. The questions were delivered to the pediatricians via social media. Results: Of the pediatricians, 64.2% were mothers and 35.8% were fathers. The mean level of screen-use knowledge was 7.73 (maximum score =10). The pediatricians' average screening time during the day was 2.44 hours. There was a significant inverse correlation between the pediatricians' screen use knowledge level, their average screen time, and the duration of television use when the child was at home (p=0.035 and p=0.010, respectively). There was a difference between the institutions in which the pediatrician worked in terms of screen use knowledge levels (p=0.018). Conclusion: Pediatricians were knowledgeable about screening guidelines. It is important for pediatricians to approach screening from a holistic perspective and integrate it into their practices.

The era of Society 5.0 demands that human resources possess critical thinking skills in response to rapid changes in the field of education, with Vocational High Schools (VHS) playing a central role in shaping students to be critical and creative. To achieve optimal results, further breakthroughs in the use of educational technology are needed, such as the implementation of Augmented Reality (AR)-based flipbooks in the vocational school environment. This study aims to evaluate the level of critical thinking skills among vocational school students. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental design with descriptive quantitative data analysis. This research was conducted with 64 tenth-grade students at a vocational school in Bandung. The instruments used to obtain data included critical thinking skills tests. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative analysis to evaluate the improvement of students' understanding and critical thinking skills. The research data was tested using normality test, homogeneity test, independent test, and N-Gain. Research data indicates that the use of AR-based flipbooks significantly enhances student comprehension, with an N-gain value of 0.6 observed in the experimental class. Consequently, it can be concluded that the implementation of AR-based flipbooks effectively improves students' critical thinking abilities in VHS, offering substantial promise for developing more interactive and efficient learning technologies for future education.

In the article the author examines the features of training convergent journalists within student’s media. For this purpose, the main typological characteristics of student’s media were studied, the influence of student’s media on the formation of professional competencies among students was revealed, the principles and methods of organizing the work of student media editorial offices were considered, and finally, the process of their unification into the convergent editorial office of FST-media was studied. During this research an expert interview was conducted with the expert community about the features of training convergent journalists, and also a content-analysis of the content of student’s media in terms of their correlation with the information demand thanks to the basic principle of training future journalists, from narrow specialization to universalism.

This theory aticle attempts to synthesize and modify the views on intermediality as a new field of research. We also aim to illustrate our insights into various verbal and non-verbal media and their correlations by examples from literary texts. Intermediality attracted scholars’ attention at the end of the 20th century. It satisfied the requirement to rearrange the thousand-year-old traditions of the synthesis of arts from the perspective of modern literary, cultural and linguistic thoughts. Intermediality refers to the interaction between literary text and non-verbal sign systems, constituting a multi-code creolized message. The implementation of intermedial relations is carried out through the objectification of different types of art in a literary text at a compositional-structural and figuratively-stylistic level. The blend of codes of various arts within the framework of a literary text becomes possible due to the mark of openness, which allows us to consider each point of the literary text as a single “organism”, capable of self-development. Using the external semiotic environment of the semiosphere and attracting new codes of perception, the literary text repeatedly reconstructs and dynamically develops its intermedial structure interacting with other sign systems. Intermediality includes multisensory experiences and is not only bound to the visible space, as in traditional art fields, but allows an open definition of what art is. Intermedial studies are focused on the interaction of similarities and differences between media and the changes that may occur in communicative material when it is transported from one media type to another. The application of intermedial relationships is carried out through the objectification of several kinds of art in a literary text at a compositionally-structural and figuratively-stylistic point. We claim that focusing on the interaction between works of different types of art, taking into account the multidirectional nature of these relations, and including them in the connections of art and culture forms a new intermedial framework. This framework allows to identify the properties of a literary text as such and the style of a particular author or national literature of a certain period taking into consideration the general rules of literature and art development.

Many students find that swimming is a necessary skill, yet many struggle to learn the appropriate form due to inadequate teaching. Learning can happen faster with the right training media, and knowledge of swimming techniques can be improved. Innovative teaching methods and training media are needed to optimise students' mastery of swimming skills. This study is to assess how well proper workout regimens and media can enhance fundamental swimming skills. This study uses an action research design, where three action research cycles are (1) preparation, (2) action, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. If at least 75% of children can perform basic swim movements in a crawling style successfully, then this learning has been successful. This study used a percentage analysis methodology as its analytical method. While at least 75% of students who received a completeness score in swimming during the first cycle showed success in basic crawl style movements, the learning results of students' movements were not in accordance with the success indicators; only 55.55% of students achieved the overall target. The number of students who achieved the goal in the second cycle increased to 32 or 71.11%. At the end of the cycle, 40 students, or 88.89% of students, achieved the overall target. According to the study's findings, the basic swimming ability of adolescent students can be improved by using land exercises and training tools.

Background: Flash floods can cause significant damage if people perceive them as low risk. Media plays a crucial role in improving risk perception. This study aims to survey the perceptions of residents in Yazd, Iran, about the performance of local TV during the flash flood in 2022. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study using a content analysis method that was conducted on 22 residents (14 males and 8 females) who had a history of watching local TV programs during the 2022 flash flood in Yazd City. They were selected by purposive sampling method until data saturation. The data was collected through a semi-structured face-to-face interview using open-ended questions about the news received from local TV regarding the flash flood in the city. Qualitative data analysis was done using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: Data analysis led to the emergence of one main concept (information quality), five themes (time of broadcasting news, content of programs, trust in the media, and ability to increase social sensitivity), 12 sub-themes, and 48 codes. Conclusion: The effectiveness of local TV during the flash flood in Yazd is low due to incorrect weather predictions, insufficient risk emphasis, lack of prime-time broadcasts, generic messaging, and absence of news headlines. Addressing these issues can enhance people’s perceived sensitivity and response to flood warnings from the local TV.

This article deals with the study and analysis of the role of media as a tool for influencing mass consciousness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Media researchers attempted to analyze the extent of media’s impact on recipients’ decisions, such as vaccine refusal, non-compliance with quarantine measures, and violation of other restrictions imposed during the global health crisis. One of the reasons for the destructive behavior of citizens in different countries was the infodemic – the oversaturation of the global media landscape with unreliable and unverified information. In these circumstances, the media had various tasks, from informing the audience about processes related to the new disease to promoting vaccination. This led to the media resorting to various models of influencing the audience, described in both classical theories of media influence and modern ones. The author of the article analyzed publications from the perspective of media influence, as well as research aimed at identifying the mechanisms of media influence on society during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the influence of media on society is a structurally and functionally complex process influenced by numerous factors such as the information policies of specifi c media outlets, individual characteristics of journalists and information recipients, the political environment, etc. It was also established that during the pandemic, distortions in the communication process occur not randomly but according to specific models described in various theories of strong media influence, including the magic bullet theory, framing, agenda-setting, and others

This study examines the role of laughter in media strategies. The aim is to distinguish between laughter shared ‘with’ the audience and laughter directed ‘at’ the audience. The research briefly traces the historical evolution of laughter from a repressed and morally criticised expression to a symbol of wealth and empowerment, a transformation facilitated by media diffusion. The subsequent analysis, based on the Portuguese context, seems to indicate a current tendency towards a more empathetic, lighter, and more visibly expressive form of laughter that transcends boundaries such as age, education, and social status, thus fostering a deeper connection with the audience. This study underlines the profound impact of laughter on audience engagement and highlights the central role of communal laughter—laughing ‘with’ the audience—in contemporary media communication. In conclusion, the findings suggest that a more empathetic and less critical approach to audience behaviour through laughter has the potential to attract larger audiences. Indirectly, this emerging trend may be indicative of a growing reluctance among members of contemporary society to tolerate ideas or perspectives contrary to their own.

The Rohingya crisis has been a significant issue for national and international news media, capturing their attention for an extended period and documenting various phases of the crisis. Previous research exploring the tones and portrayal of the Rohingyas in the news lacks comparative and temporal analysis of news sentiments. In this study, we aim to fill this gap by analyzing 8074 news stories on Rohingya issues published in 10 news media outlets from 10 countries between 2009 and 2023. Our computational sentiment analysis reveals that Rohingya-related news sentiments are predominantly negative and fluctuate over the years across different countries, showing little identifiable patterns. An ANOVA suggests significant variation in news sentiments among countries, with some countries exhibiting more similar sentiments than others, thus creating distinguishable groups. Some of our findings contradict previous scholarships, warranting further research and novel frameworks. Additionally, we encourage scrutiny of academic insights to address potential biases against news media’s journalistic integrity.

The article considers the current topic of interaction between public administration and mass media in the context of digitalisation. Digitalisation is defined as a glob -al trend changing socio-political reality. The concepts of “mass media” and “mass communication” are analysed in detail, and the features of their cooperation while expanding digital audience are revealed. In the realities of the 21st century, when digita lisation has a significant impact, the state transforms its functions, starting to actively interact with society and citizens, creating equal relations in the updated political system. An important link that unites information is mass media which closely cooperates with state authorities and the entire management system. Through the media, government agencies coordinate the efforts of various social groups and organisations without coercion, defining the main directions and strategies of socio-political initiatives and actions. The article highlights the use of the mass media as a political tool and a way to organise a dialogue between the state and civil society. It also analyses the influence of the mass media as the fourth branch of government. The author concludes that it is necessary to comprehensively study the problem of interaction between public administration and mass media for more effective functioning of both institutions. This means that in the context of digitalisation, there is a need to consider changes in the media sphere and develop new approaches to media policy, given modern challenges and trends.

This research focuses on discursive practices employed to construct the expert image within the genre of editorial articles. The expert image aligns with the goals of this textual form. Initially, editorials served as a tool for expressing the publication’s voice and ensuring the status of an independent social institution. While this function has somewhat diminished today, editorials still play a significant role in shaping societal views and values, especially during pivotal political events. Therefore, it is crucial for authors of editorial articles to maintain authority and expert status. Research findings demonstrate that discursive practices such as referencing authoritative sources, highlighting the author’s achievements in discussing the issue at hand, presenting quantitative data, formulating predictions, and recommendations are utilized to shape the expert image in editorial articles. These practices are perceived by readers as elements of expert knowledge, yet they actually belong to distinct realms: expertise and counter-expertise. The author of the article differentiates between expertise, anti-expertise, and counterexpertise.

Modern people want to keep the track of as many events as possible while saving as much time as possible and reducing the level of redundant information. Internet digests provide an opportunity to systematize online publications and structure relevant information while focusing on the main facts and ideas. The paper describes the algorithm, editing, and design of Internet digests in social media. The authors analyzed digest entries in the Russian VKontakte social network to identify the methods of collecting, processing, and structuring information at different stages of editing. The standard folding method proved to be especially efficient, considering the stylistic diversity of the source materials compiled. As a result, the editor has to standardize the style without violating the integrity of the original text, eliminating information noise, applying the principles of information literacy and multidimensionality, etc. These aspects determine the structure of the VKontate digest as title – lead – text – call to action – graphic elements. The authors developed procedures for digest editorial as a sequence of actions that provides a high-quality media product with a high coefficient of information efficiency. Editing improves the quality of the material while ensuring its relevance, reliability, and clarity, thus facilitating the reading comprehension.