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RESUMO: A escola contemporânea dialoga com a pluralidade e a diversidade. Nesse cenário, alunos surdos são incluídos em salas regulares e precisam ter acesso aos componentes curriculares em sua primeira língua, a Libras. É perceptível que para esses alunos a aprendizagem de algumas disciplinas, como a química, se apresenta como um desafio. Assim, este trabalho busca identificar quais são essas dificuldades e como transformá-las. Este estudo emergiu de uma pesquisa que contemplou outras fases de investigação, porém, aqui, será compartilhado um recorte das entrevistas realizadas com professores de química e com três estudantes surdos do 3.° ano do ensino médio de uma escola inclusiva da rede particular de ensino da região metropolitana de São Paulo. Como resultados, a investigação viabilizou a identificação do papel do intérprete de Libras e de sua parceria com o professor nesse processo, a percepção de que a inclusão é um movimento que requer empenho de todos os envolvidos para a ressignificação do processo e, ainda, a necessidade de estratégias visuais adequadas aos alunos surdos para a compreensão da química.

ABSTRACT: Bracken ferns (Pteridium spp.) have been associated with intoxication in cattle and is the cause of bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH) characterized by intermittent hematuria, anemia, and poor body condition. Acute phase proteins have not previously been investigated in detail in BEH. Thus, this investigation determined serum concentrations of haptoglobin, selected hematological (complete blood count and fibrinogen), biochemical (total serum protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, and creatine kinase), and urinary analytes, in 50 Nelore cows from farms with history of natural bracken fern chronic ingestion in the southern region of Brazil. Twenty-nine cows had macrohematuria and 21 microhematuria. From the 29 cows with macrohematuria, 13 had a countless number of erythrocytes per high power macroscopic field and anemia. All cows had dipstick proteinuria. Median haptoglobin concentrations were elevated for 47 BEH cows with a 3.9-fold increase, suggesting a chronic inflammatory response while the number of total leukocytes and segmented neutrophils were above the reference intervals for 14 cows. Besides inflammation, there is a hypothesis that bracken fern could cause hemolysis in the circulation. Therefore, there could be a larger acute phase reaction but much of the haptoglobin was being removed as it was being produced. In our study, increases in haptoglobin, creatine kinase, hyperglobulinemia and anemia were found in cows with BEH, contributing to the understanding of the chronic inflammatory response which could be associated with neoplastic lesions in the urinary bladder caused by long-term and repeated ingestion of Pteridium species.

Background Gene therapy has been proposed as a strategy to induce cardiac regeneration following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Given that Tbx20, a transcription factor of the T‐box subfamily, stimulates cell proliferation and angiogenesis, we designed a baculovirus overexpressing Tbx20 (Bv‐Tbx20) and evaluated its effects in cultured cardiomyocytes and in an ovine model of AMI. Methods and Results Cell proliferation and angiogenesis were measured in cardiomyocytes transduced with Bv‐Tbx20 or Bv‐Null (control). Subsequently, in sheep with AMI, Bv‐Tbx20 or Bv‐Null was injected in the infarct border. Cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity, angioarteriogenesis, left ventricular function, and infarct size were assessed. Cardiomyocytes transduced with BvTbx20 increased cell proliferation, cell cycle regulatory and angiogenic gene expression, and tubulogenesis. At 7 days posttreatment, sheep treated with Bv‐Tbx20 showed increased Tbx20, promitotic and angiogenic gene expression, decreased levels of P21, increased Ki67‐ (17.09±5.73 versus 7.77±7.24 cardiomyocytes/mm2, P

IntroductionGlioblastoma IDH-wildtype (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor in adults, with a poor prognosis of approximately 15 months after diagnosis. Most patients suffer from a recurrence in

Background: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients are affected by a high risk of recurrence. The topography of collagen fibers represents a hallmark of the neoplastic extracellular microenvironment. Objective: Assess the topographic change associated with different stages of bladder cancer (from neoplastic lesions to bona fide tumor) and whether those changes favour the development of NMIBC. Design, Setting, and Participants: Seventy-one clinical samples of urothelial carcinoma at different stages were used. Topographic changes preceding tumor onset and progression were evaluated in the rat bladder cancer model induced by nitrosamine (BBN), a bladder-specific carcinogen. The preclinical model of actinic cystitis was also used in combination with BBN. Validated hematoxylin-eosin sections were used to assess the topography of collagen fibrils associated with pre-tumoral steps, NMIBC, and MIBC. Findings: Linearization of collagen fibers was higher in Cis and Ta vs. dysplastic urothelium, further increased in T1 and greatest in T2 tumors. In the BBN preclinical model, an increase in the linearization of collagen fibers was established since the beginning of inflammation, such as the onset of atypia of a non-univocal nature and dysplasia, and further increased in the presence of the tumor. Linearization of collagen fibers in the model of actinic cystitis was associated with earlier onset of BBN-induced tumor. Conclusions: The topographic modification of the extracellular microenvironment occurs during the inflammatory processes preceding and favoring the onset of bladder cancer. The topographic reconfiguration of the stroma could represent a marker for identifying and treating the non-neoplastic tissue susceptible to tumor recurrence.

Background/aims To examine demographic and clinical factors associated with ocular pain 1 day after refractive surgery.Methods Prospective study of individuals undergoing refractive surgery. Participants rated their ocular pain on a 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS) presurgery and 1 day after surgery. Presurgery, participants completed questionnaires on demographics, comorbidities, medications and dry eye and ocular pain symptoms; and an anaesthetised Schirmer test was performed. Acute ocular pain 1 day after surgery was defined as an NRS score of worst pain since surgery ≥3 and this group was compared with individuals with NRS scores

AIMS: Bariatric surgery induces several micronutrient deficiencies that require supplementation. For iron, parenteral infusions are usually preferred over oral supplementation. Ferric carboxymaltose infusion has been associated with hypophosphataemia, mostly transient and asymptomatic. However, in some cases, ferric carboxymaltose-induced hypophosphataemia may persist for weeks to months and may induce muscle weakness, osteomalacia and bone fractures. The aim of this study was to identify possible predictors of a clinically relevant decrease in serum phosphate after ferric carboxymaltose infusion in patients with previous Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. METHODS: Patients with previous Roux-en-Y gastric bypass who received ferric carboxymaltose infusions between January 2018 and September 2019 and had recorded phosphataemia before and after ferric carboxymaltose infusion at the Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, were studied retrospectively. A multiple linear regression model was built with delta phosphataemia as the outcome to investigate the factors related to magnitude of serum phosphate lowering. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients (70 females and 7 males) with previous Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were studied. Mean age (SD) was 43.2 (10.7) years and median BMI was 30.9 kg/m2 (IQR 27.9–36.4). Sixty-eight patients (88.3%) received an infusion of 500 mg ferric carboxymaltose and 9 patients (11.7%) received 250 mg ferric carboxymaltose. Forty-nine patients (63.6%) developed hypophosphataemia (

Immunocompromised children are at risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection. We conducted a pilot prospective study to evaluate the impact of cancer treatment and stem cell transplantation on immunogenicity of two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in pediatric patients.Humoral, B- and T-cell responses to the BNT162b2 vaccine were assessed before, after the first and the second dose in patients aged 5–12 years (n = 35) and in a group of healthy donors (HD, n = 12). Patients were divided in three groups: solid tumors (ST, n = 11), hematological malignancies (HM, n = 14) and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) recipients (n = 10). After two vaccine doses, the seroconversion rate was 79.3 % (72.7 % in ST, 66.7 % in HM and 100 % in HSCT). The antibodies production was not associated to the presence of memory B and T-cells. Memory B-cells were measurable in 45.5 % ST, 66.6 % HSCT and in 22.0 % HM. The specific T-cell response was observed in most ST (81.8 %) and HSCT (85.7 %) patients and at lesser extent in those with HM (55.5 %). The combination of all immunological parameters (antibodies, memory B and T cells) showed that a significant fraction of HM (33.3 %) and ST (18.2 %) patients completely failed to respond to vaccination. Although able to produce antibodies, 11.1 % of HM and 27.3 % of ST had no B- and T-cell memory. HSCT subgroup showed the best immune function, with 80 % complete response and optimal T-cell function.Combination of anti-RBD antibody, and specific memory B- and T-cell responses represents a reliable read-out of vaccine immune efficacy in frail patients.

Background/aims To investigate relationships between dry eye (DE) disease and sleep quality, with a focus on which aspects of sleep most closely relate to DE.Methods 141 veterans (mean age: 56±5) seen at the Miami Veterans Affairs eye clinic filled out questionnaires to quantify the severity of DE symptoms (5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)) and ocular pain (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory modified for the Eye (NPSI-E)). All individuals also underwent an ocular surface examination. Aspects of sleep quality were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). DE metrics were examined by PSQI scores and subscores.Results Most participants (76%) reported mild or greater DE symptoms (DEQ-5 ≥6). Overall, ocular symptoms were more related to sleep metrics than signs. The strongest DE symptom association was between the OSDI and sleep disturbances (PSQI subscore 5, r=0.49, p

Introduction To assess the efficacy of a chitosan-based gel (ChitoCare) for the treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).Research design and methods Forty-two patients with chronic DFUs were randomized to the ChitoCare or placebo gel for a 10-week treatment period and 4-week follow-up. The primary study end point was the rate of complete wound closure at week 10, presented as relative rate.Results Thirty patients completed the 10-week treatment and 28 completed the 4-week follow-up. The ChitoCare arm achieved 16.7% complete wound closure at week 10 vs 4.2% in the placebo arm (p=0.297), 92.0% vs 37.0% median relative reduction in wound surface area from baseline at week 10 (p=0.008), and 4.62-fold higher likelihood of achieving 75% wound closure at week 10 (p=0.012). Based on the results of the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool, the wound state at week 10 and the relative improvement from the baseline were significantly better (median 20 vs 24 points, p=0.018, and median 29.8% vs 3.6%, p=0.010, respectively).Conclusions ChitoCare gel increased the rate of the DFU healing process. Several secondary end points significantly favored ChitoCare gel.Trial registration number NCT04178525.

Os organizadores do presente número da Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada entrevistam Danieli Christovão Balbi, Licenciada em Letras e mestre e doutora pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Literatura da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Primeira professora transexual da Escola de Comunicação e Artes da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Danieli Balbi fala de sua formação, de sua trajetória acadêmica, de seus atuais interesses de pesquisa e de seus vínculos com os debates transfeministas dentro e fora da universidade.

Anselmo Peres Alós, Adauto Locatelli Taufer e Amara Moira, organizadores do presente número da Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada, entrevistam Hector Domínguez-Ruvalcaba, professor do Departamento de Espanhol e Português da University of Texas at Austin. Domínguez-Ruvalcaba atua na área de literatura e cultura queer latino-americana e violência de gênero na fronteira México-Estados Unidos. Autor de vários livros em espanhol e em inglês, bem como de artigos publicados em importantes periódicos acadêmicos, Hector Domínguez-Ruvalcaba fala de sua formação, de sua trajetória acadêmica, de seus atuais interesses de pesquisa e de seus vínculos com os debates transfeministas dentro e fora da universidade, enfatizando suas colaborações no campo específico dos estudos comparatistas. Dada a heteroglossia mantida ao longo da conversação (as perguntas foram realizadas em português, e as respostas foram dadas em espanhol), optamos por manter nessa versão final o bilinguismo que caracterizou esse diálogo intercultural.

O jovem século XXI inicia-se com uma abertura sem precedentes para a discussão de gênero, raça/etnia, classe e sexualidade, seja na academia, seja nos movimentos sociais. Veja-se, a título de exemplo, trabalhos como os de Susan Stryker (Transgender History: the roots of today's revolution, 2017), Sally Hines (TransForming Gender, 2007), Judith Halberstam (In a a Queer Time and Place: transgender bodies, subcultural lives, 2005) e Aren Z. Aizura (Mobile Subjects: transnational imaginaries of gender reassignment, 2018). Nesse cenário, a emersão do ativismo, do pensamento e da autoria trans surge como um lugar epistêmico privilegiado para se pensar/problematizar tanto os regimes de representação quanto a autoria trans (termo aglutinador para as identidades travesti, transexual, transgênera, e não binária e, muitas vezes, também para a identidade intersexual). Os estudos de literatura comparada não estiveram alheios à crítica feminista, aos estudos gays e lésbicos e aos influxos da teoria queer, e vêm mostrando hospitalidade às discussões de como o campo da cultura tem lidado com as transformações e subversões da gramática simbólica (gramática essa que ainda hoje se mostra acumpliciada a regimes hetero- e cisnormativos no que tange aos campos de produção e de circulação de capital cultural). Como diferentes discursos artísticos têm representado as identidades trans ao longo da história? Como artistas e escritoras/es trans têm feito dos discursos artísticos e literários loci privilegiados para a contestação das normas de gênero e de sexualidade? Que tipo de coalizão pode emergir do encontro das discussões do pensamento trans com outros campos, como os estudos de classe, raça e etnia? Que travessias teóricas, temáticas e conceituais emergem quando o pensamento trans encontra-se/confronta-se com os feminismos, os estudos de gênero e a teoria queer? Essas são algumas das perguntas norteadoras que, a título de provocação, nortearam a construção deste número temático da Revista brasileira de literatura comparada.

A literatura, por seu caráter de contestação e de questionamento dos discursos hegemônicos, tem-se configurado há muito como um meio para a expressão e para a problematização de conflitos das mais distintas naturezas. Nesse sentido, a produção literária oriunda do século XX abriu espaço para que textos à margem do cânone fossem postos em evidência, assegurando a essas vozes marginalizadas a possibilidade de serem representadas e, mais que isso, ouvidas. Refiro-me aqui, especificamente, aos estudos dos movimentos feministas, gays, lésbicos e negros. Parece-me que, na tradição literária, textos que se distanciassem do falocentrismo, do heterossexismo e da hegemonia branca eram ignorados.

Primary intraosseous hemangiomas are rare, benign, vascular malformations that account for ∼1% of all primary bone neoplasias. A 59-year-old female patient with unknown comorbidities had a history of headache, visual impairment and dizziness that led to the diagnosis of a clivus tumor. Two resections were attempted through transcranial and transnasal transsphenoidal approach in the last two years in another hospital. The initial MRI scan showed an expansive lesion with T2 hyperintense signal and diffuse, heterogenic contrast enhancement. Clival chordoma was the main diagnostic hypothesis done. A CT scan was performed to evaluate the extent of clival invasion, the sinus anatomy, and the clival destruction - all simulating clival chordoma. The interdisciplinary tumor board decided to proceed with endoscopic endonasal tumor resection. There were no postoperative complications and the histopathological analysis revealed a primary intraosseous haemangioma. Skull base intraosseous hemangiomas are rare entities, with a limited number of case reports found after literature reviews, especially in the clival region. The clinical pattern and imaging characteristics can vary widely according to the tumor extension and development, simulating some other common tumors found at this topography. We present a case report of a clival intraosseous hemangioma presenting as an isolated abducens paresis with a positive outcome after intranasal endoscopic resection after two years of follow-up.

A hybrid of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with metal organic frame (MOF) was developed as an efficient adsorbent for dispersive solid phase microextraction (dSPME) of ritonavir from spiked human plasma. The developed sorbent was characterized by a high-resolution scanning electron microscope (HR-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The MCC was immersed in a solution of CaCl2, stirred with soda water and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, resulting in white MCC/MOF composites, which were separated, washed, and dried. The MCC/MOF hybrids were examined under the HR-SEM and showed morphological features different form the MCC and Ca-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (Ca-BTC) MOF. The diffraction patterns of Ca-BTC/MCC composites clearly displayed the characteristic Ca-BTC MOF diffraction bands, indicating that MCC was successfully incorporated in the formation of crystalline MOF hybrids. The FTIR spectra exhibited the bands of MCC, as well as the bands of Ca-BTC MOFs. The prepared Ca-BTC/MCC MOF was applied for dSPME of ritonavir from human plasma, before the determination by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. After method optimization, the best extraction efficiency was achieved by using 12.50 mg of Ca-BTC/MCC MOF as a sorbent and 250 µL of acetonitrile as an eluent. This novel sorbent (Ca-BTC/MCC) merges the advantages of the high surface areas of MOFs 820 m2 g−1 with the biodegradability and sustainability of MCC. Besides, Ca-BTC/MCC exhibited higher extraction efficiency compared with unmodified Ca-BTC MOF. To the best of our knowledge, this work applies the Ca-BTC/MCC sorbents for dSPME of ritonavir in human plasma, for the first time. These results open the door to more applications of these composites in sample preparation for biomedical analysis.

Abstract Background Multiple osteochondromas is genetic disorder characterized by the formation of multiple benign cartilage-capped bone tumors, named osteochondromas, during skeletal development. The most feared complication is the secondary peripheral chondrosarcoma, a malignant cartilaginous neoplasm that arises from the chondroid cap of pre-existent osteochondromas. We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients diagnosed and followed up from 1960 to 2019 to describe the clinical and pathological features of individuals affected by peripheral chondrosarcoma in multiple osteochondromas, to evaluate follow up information and individual outcome and to compare the results with literature. Data, including age, gender, site, histological grade, cartilage cap thickness, surgical treatments, surgical margins, genotype mutational status as well as treatment details were captured from the hospital electronic health records and from Registry of Multiple Osteochondromas. In addition, a complete histological review of all hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections has been performed by expert pathologists. Results One hundred five of the screened cases were included in the present study. The age at diagnosis of SPC ranges from 13 to 63, with median age at diagnosis of 34 years. The site most frequently affected by malignant degeneration was the pelvis (46 patients, 44%) with higher incidence in male patients (32 males vs.14 females). The second one was lower limbs (including femur, fibula, or tibia), identified in 35 patients. Histological information - available for 103 patients – showed: 59 patients with grade 1; 40 patients had a grade 2 and 4 patients had a grade 3. The most common surgical treatment was the complete resection, followed by debulking, amputation and partial resection. Most of cases did not have recurrence of the disease. Outcome in disease-free survival highlights that a worse course of the disease was associated with histological grade 2 or 3, and partial resection surgery. In most of analyzed cases (94%) a pathogenic variant was identified. Conclusions In conclusion, the present study gives an overview of the secondary peripheral chondrosarcomas, confirming that this disease represents an impacting complication for multiple osteochondromas patients and suggests that malignant transformation can occur also in younger patient, in a not irrelevant number of cases.

RESUMO Esta nota revisa a produção em torno da desigualdade e dos níveis de renda, procurando entender se há evidências teóricas e empíricas suficientes para estabelecer tal conexão.

Abstract Bladder mechanical properties are critical for organ function and tissue homeostasis. Therefore, alterations of tissue mechanics are linked to disease onset and progression. This study aims to characterize the tissue elasticity of the murine bladder wall considering its different anatomical components, both in healthy conditions and in actinic cystitis, a state characterized by tissue fibrosis. Here, we exploit Brillouin microscopy, an emerging technique in the mechanobiology field that allows mapping tissue mechanics at the microscale, in non-contact mode and free of labeling. We show that Brillouin imaging of bladder tissues is able to recognize the different anatomical components of the bladder wall, confirmed by histopathological analysis, showing different tissue mechanical properties of the physiological bladder, as well as a significant alteration in the presence of tissue fibrosis. Our results point out the potential use of Brillouin imaging on clinically relevant samples as a complementary technique to histopathological analysis, deciphering complex mechanical alteration of each tissue layer of an organ that strongly relies on mechanical properties to perform its function.