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Surface air temperature (SAT) is a key indicator of global warming and plays an important role in glacier melting. On the Tibetan Plateau (TP), there exist a large number of glaciers. However, station SAT observations on these glaciers are extremely scarce, and moreover the available ones are characterized by short time series, which substantively hinder our deep understanding of glacier dynamics due to climate changes on the TP. In this study, an ensemble learning model is constructed and trained to estimate glacial SATs with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km from 2002 to 2020 using monthly MODIS land surface temperature products and many auxiliary variables, such as vegetation index, satellite overpass time and air pressure. The satellite-estimated glacial SATs are validated against SAT observations at glacier validation stations. Then, long-term (1961–2020) glacial SATs on the TP are reconstructed by temporally extending the satellite SAT estimates through Bayesian linear regression. The long-term glacial SAT estimates are validated with root mean squared error, mean bias error, and determination coefficient being 1.61 °C, 0.21 °C, and 0.93, respectively. The comparisons are conducted with other satellite SAT estimates and ERA5-Land reanalysis data over the validation glaciers, showing that the accuracy of our satellite glacial SATs and their temporal extensions are both higher. The preliminary analysis illustrates that the glaciers on the TP as a whole have been undergoing a fast warming but the warming exhibits a great spatial heterogeneity. Our dataset can contribute to the monitoring of glaciers’ warming, analysis of their evolution, etc. on the TP. The dataset is freely available from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Centre at https://doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.272550 (Qin, 2022).

Persistent Nrf2 activation is typically noted in many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), aiding cancer cells in overcoming growth stress and promoting cancer progression. Sustained Nrf2 activation, which is beneficial for cancer cells, is called “Nrf2 addiction”; it is closely associated with malignancy and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. However, Nrf2 inhibitors may have adverse effects on normal cells. Here, we found that the selenocompound l-selenocystine (SeC) is selectively cytotoxic in the Nrf2-addicted CRC cell line WiDr cells, but not in non–Nrf2-addicted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and normal human colon cells. Another CRC cell line, C2BBe1, which harbored lower levels of Nrf2 and its downstream proteins were less sensitive to SeC, compared with the WiDr cells. We further demonstrated that SeC inhibited Nrf2 and autophagy activation in the CRC cells. Antioxidant GSH pretreatment partially rescued the CRC cells from SeC-induced cytotoxicity and Nrf2 and autophagy pathway inhibition. By contrast, SeC activated Nrf2 and autophagy pathway in non–Nrf2-addicted MSCs. Transfecting WiDr cells with Nrf2-targeting siRNA decreased persistent Nrf2 activation and alleviated SeC cytotoxicity. In KEAP1-knockdown C2BBe1 cells, Nrf2 pathway activation increased SeC sensitivity and cytotoxicity. In conclusion, SeC selectively attacks cancer cells with constitutively activated Nrf2 by reducing Nrf2 and autophagy pathway protein expression through the P62–Nrf2–antioxidant response element axis and eventually trigger cell death.

We report a case in which real-time remote interrogation and reprogramming of the parameters of a dual-chamber pacemaker was performed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The described case demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of CIED remote programming based on the 5G cloud technology support platform (5G-CTP), and showed that the application of real-time remote programming would help in reducing the risk of cross-infection between doctors and patients.

Objective: To explore the clinical value of carotid artery stent implantation (CAS) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis. Methods: 88 patients with severe carotid artery stenosis who underwent CAS and CEA in the First People’s Hospital of Changde City (hereafter referred as “our hospital”) from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into CAS group (n = 43) and CEA group (n = 45). To understand the clinical application value and feasibility of the two surgical schemes by comparing the general situation, cerebral blood flow, MMSE scale, MOCA scale score and serum miR-145, IGF1R levels of the two surgical schemes. Conclusions: CAS and CEA in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis, have good curative effect, can effectively improve the patient's cerebral blood flow, regulate serum miR-145, IGF1R levels, promote the recovery of cognitive function, but relatively speaking, the incidence of stroke and hypotension after CAS is higher, and the incidence of hypertension after CEA is higher.

To date, different experimental strategies have been developed for the ex vivo expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for clinical applications. However, differences in the genomic function of expanded HSCs under different culture systems remain unclear. In this study, we compared the gene expression profiles of HSCs in ex vivo expanded serum (10% FBS, fetal bovine serum) and serum-free culture systems and analyzed the molecular functions of differentially expressed genes using microarray chips. We identified 839 differentially expressed genes between the two culture systems. These genes were enriched in the TNF -regulated inflammatory pathway in an FBS culture system. In addition, the mRNA expression of CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2), TNF (tumor necrosis factor) and FOS (FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog) was validated by RT-qPCR. Our data revealed that ex vivo expansion of HSCs using the FBS culture system induces an inflammatory response and high CD38 expression, indicating that this system might activate an inflammatory pathway and induce expression of the cancer marker CD38 during ex vivo expansion of HSCs. This study provides a transcriptional profile and new insights into the genomic functions of HSCs under different expanded cultures.

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary selenium requirement for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch W.) alevins. Six experimental diets (contained about 42.2% crude protein and 10.5% crude lipid) were formulated to contain selenium level of 0.07, 0.15, 0.24, 0.41, 0.75, and 1.38 mg/kg, respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish with initial mean body weight of 0.38 ± 0.01 g, which were randomly assigned to 18 plastic tanks (80 × 60 × 60 cm, length × width × height, water volume 240 L), and each tank was stocked initially with 50 fish. Fish were fed four times daily and used the method of overfeeding (15–20% body weight) to fish. The sampling procedure was implemented after 24 h of fasting. Results showed that specific growth rate (SGR) in 0.24, 0.41, and 0.75 mg Se/kg groups were significantly higher than those in 0.07 and 1.38 mg Se/kg groups (P .05). Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly declined with increasing dietary up to 0.41 mg Se/kg and increased as selenium further increased. The hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) significantly increased with increasing dietary selenium up to 0.41 mg/kg and decreased significantly as selenium further increased (P .05) but significantly higher than those in 0.07, 0.15, and 0.24 mg Se/kg groups (P < .05). Broken-line regression analyses based on SGR, hepatic, and whole-body selenium contents indicated that the optimum dietary selenium requirements were in the range of 0.39–0.43 mg/kg for coho salmon alevins.

With the economic globalization, the development of Chinese enterprises and employees' demand for leadership performance of leaders is constantly changing. And the leadership of female leaders or female characteristics has been gradually proved to be more in line with the future development of the enterprise. Due to the continuous growth of the number of female leaders and the continuous recognition of their leadership abilities, it is also important to study the leadership traits of female leaders or the changes in leadership traits brought about by the changes in their personal attributes. The research object of this paper is the female leaders of the Internet promotion service industry in Guangdong Province, China. Independent-Samples T-Test and One-Way ANOVA in the SPSS software are used to analyze whether the personal attributes of female leaders have an impact on the performance of leadership traits, and which traits are affected. The results show that 4 of the 8 personal attributes studied in this paper have an impact on the performance of leadership traits, and 14 of the 34 leadership traits studied are affected by different personal attributes of female leaders. This research can provide a reference for organizations to formulate relevant policies, optimize the structure of managemnet and give female leaders the opportunity to fully demonstrate their strengths. In addition, female staff should be treated more fairly in human resources recruitment and promotion. The behavior of organizations to reduce gender bias can promote women‘s better career development.

Objective: To evaluate the lipid-lowering effect and safety of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) used alone or as adjunctive therapy for dyslipidemia.Methods: Eight databases and three clinical trial registries were searched until January 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of GP for dyslipidemia were included. Trial quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Data were analyzed by RevMan 5.4 with effects estimated as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Twenty-two RCTs involving 2,407 dyslipidemia participants were included. Regarding the risk of bias, 14 RCTs had some concerns, seven RCTs were high, and one trial was low. GP was comparable to n-3 fatty acids (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.62–1.28) and red yeast rice (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.1–1.12) on normalization of serum lipids. GP plus n-3 fatty acid was superior in normalization of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) than n-3 fatty acids (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01–1.77). GP was similar to lipid-lowering agents (statins, fibrates, and n-3 fatty acids) in regulating TG, TC, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). GP plus lipid-lowering agents were superior to lipid-lowering agents in TG (MD −0.65 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.03 to −0.28), LDL-C (MD −0.57 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.07 to −0.08), and HDL-C (MD 0.15 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.11–0.20). GP was inferior to red yeast rice in TC (MD 0.64 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.15–1.13), TG (MD 0.43 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.15–0.71), and HDL-C (MD −0.25 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.47 to −0.04). GP had fewer adverse events than lipid-lowering drugs.Conclusion: Very low certainty evidence showed that GP’s effects on TC, TG, and HDL-C were comparable to that of lipid-lowering agents. Low certainty evidence showed that red yeast rice was superior to GP in TC, TG, and HDL-C. Low to moderate certainty evidence showed that the effects of GP plus lipid-lowering agents were superior to that of lipid-lowering agents on TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C. GP use for more than 8 weeks appears safe.Systematic Review Registration:https://inplasy.com/, identifier INPLASY202210135.

Background Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gallbladder (GB-NENs) are a rare group of histologically heterogeneous tumors, and surgical resection of the primary tumor is the mainstream treatment at the moment. The current study aimed to establish and validate novel nomograms for patients with GB-NENs undergoing primary tumor resection to predict the 6-, 12-, and 18- months overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Methods Clinicopathological information of patients with GB-NENs undergoing primary tumor resection between 2004 and 2018 was derived from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The cohort was then randomly assigned to the training and internal validation datasets (7:3). Candidate prognostic factors were selected by Cox regression analyses, and the nomograms were constructed. Finally, concordance index (C-index), calibration plot, and area under the curve from the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), were conducted to assess the effective performance of the nomograms. The decision curve analysis (DCA) was employed to further confirm the clinical effectiveness of nomograms. To test the generalizability of the prediction models, we also included 12 patients with GB-NENs undergoing resection from Wuhan Union Hospital. Results A total of 221 patients with GB-NENs undergoing resection were enrolled in our study. Using the Cox regression analyses, age, tumor size, and stage were identified as the independent prognostic factors of patients with GB-NENs undergoing resection. We constructed individualized nomograms to visually predict the OS and CSS in patients with GB-NENs undergoing resection. The C-indexes of OS and CSS in training dataset were 0.798 (95%CI: 0.748–0.848) and 0.825 (95%CI:0.771–0.879), while that of internal validation dataset was 0.849 (95%CI: 0.791–0.907) and 0.875 (95%CI: 0.819–0.931), respectively. The AUC of the training and internal validation datasets also indicated that the prediction models performed accurately. The calibration curves demonstrated that the observed survival probability of nomograms was extremely compatible with the predicted probability. The DCA showed that our nomograms were clinically useful. Conclusions Taken together, the nomograms are accurate enough to predict the prognostic factors of GB-NENs patients undergoing resection, allowing for treatment decision-making and clinical monitoring for future clinical work.

Urban environments, regarded as "harbingers"of future global change, may exert positive or negative impacts on urban vegetation growth. Because of limited ground-based experiments, the responses of vegetation to urbanization and its associated controlling factors at the global scale remain poorly understood. Here, we use satellite observations from 2001 to 2018 to quantify direct and indirect impacts of urbanization on vegetation growth in 672 worldwide cities. After controlling for the negative direct impact of urbanization on vegetation growth, we find a widespread positive indirect effect that has been increasing over time. These indirect effects depend on urban development intensity, population density, and background climate, with more pronounced positive effects in cities with cold and arid environments. We further show that vegetation responses to urbanization are modulated by a cities' developmental status. Our findings have important implications for understanding urbanization-induced impacts on vegetation and future sustainable urban development., Science Advances, 8 (27), ISSN:2375-2548

Background Many patients with neurological disorders experience chronic fatigue, but the neural mechanisms involved are unclear. Objective Here we investigated whether the brain structural and functional connectivity alterations were involved in fatigue related to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Methods This prospective pilot study used structural and resting-state functional brain magnetic resonance imaging to compare total cortical thickness, cortical surface area, deep gray matter volume and functional connectivity (FC) between 33 patients with NMOSD and 20 healthy controls (HCs). Patients were subgrouped as low fatigue (LF) and high fatigue (HF). Results HF patients scored higher on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression than LF patients and HCs. The two patient subgroups and HC group did not differ significantly in cortical thickness, cortical surface area and volumes of the bilateral caudate nucleus, bilateral putamen, bilateral amygdala, bilateral hippocampus, bilateral thalamus proper or right nucleus accumbens (p > 0.05). However, after correcting for age, sex, years of education, anxiety and depression, HF patients showed larger left pallidum than HCs (0.1573 ± 0.0214 vs 0.1372 ± 0.0145, p = 0.009). Meanwhile, both LF patients (0.0377 ± 0.0052 vs 0.0417 ± 0.0052, p = 0.009) and HF patients (0.0361 ± 0.0071 vs 0.0417 ± 0.0052, p = 0.013) showed smaller left nucleus accumbens than HCs.. Compared with LF patients, HF patients showed significantly decreased FC between the left pallidum and bilateral cerebellar posterior lobes. Conclusions This was the first evidence linking structural and functional alterations in the brain to fatigue in NMOSD, and in the future, long term follow-up was necessary.

Ling-Yao Qi, Han-Xiong Liu, Lian-Chao Cheng, Yan Luo, Si-Qi Yang, Xu Chen, Lin Cai Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lin Cai, Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, 82 Qinglong St, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 28-67575956, Email clin63@hotmail.comPurpose: The leuko-glycaemic index (LGI) is an index that combines white blood cell count and blood glucose and could be a marker of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The prognostic value of the LGI in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the LGI for short- and long-term prognosis in AMI patients with different diabetic status.Patients and Methods: This was an observational, multicenter study involving 1256 AMI patients admitted in 11 hospitals between March 2014 and June 2019 in Chengdu. White blood cell count and blood glucose were measured on admission. The LGI was calculated by multiplying both values and dividing them by a thousand. Logistic regression was used to explore the predictive value of LGI in in-hospital mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of the LGI to predict in-hospital mortality. The patients were classified into diabetic and non-diabetic groups and further divided into higher and lower LGI subgroups according to the optimal cut-off values. The endpoints were all-cause mortality during the hospitalization and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) during follow-up, including all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, vessel revascularization and non-fatal stroke.Results: LGI was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality during the hospitalization in non-diabetics, but not in diabetics. The optimal cut-off values of diabetics and non-diabetics were 3593 mg/dl. mm3 and 1402 mg/dl. mm3, respectively. Whether diabetics or not, in-hospital mortality was higher in the higher LGI subgroup (p-value < 0.001). And in the follow-up of 15 months (9 months, 22 months), we observed 99 (8.6%), 6 (0.5%), 54 (4.7%) and 29 (2.5%) cases of death, non-fatal MI, revascularization and non-fatal stroke, respectively. The cumulative incidence of MACCE during follow-up was higher in the higher LGI subgroup, both in the diabetics and non-diabetics (p-value < 0.05). In non-diabetics, higher LGI was an independent predictor of MACCE.Conclusion: LGI was an independent predictor for short- and long-term prognosis in AMI patients without diabetes, but had no prognostic value for short- and long-term prognosis of AMI patients with diabetes.Keywords: acute myocardial infarction, prediction, leuko-glycemic index, in-hospital mortality, long-term prognosis

Heterogeneous photocatalysis has captured worldwide attention because of its tremendous potential in the field of solar energy conversion to solve energy and environmental issues. Efficient utiliza...

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries. They have been shown to cause lung, liver, and kidney damage. However, whether an intratracheal instillation of CuONPs would affect the brain and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly studied. In this study, healthy C57BL/6J male mice were equally subdivided into control group, low-dose (30 μg/animal), medium-dose (50 μg/animal), and high-dose (100 μg/animal) CuONPs-treated groups. Mice were subjected to acute exposure of CuONPs via intratracheal instillation. Brain histopathology, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function-related protein expression were determined. Our results demonstrated that CuONPs caused a dose-dependent brain damage in mice. Histopathological changes in the brain, elevation of inflammatory factors (Tnf, Il-6), and significant alterations in oxidative stress markers were also observed after treatment with CuONPs. Intriguingly, we did not observe infiltration of macrophage cell. Moreover, Tim23, TFAM, and MFN2 protein expression levels showed the decreasing trend after treatment with CuONPs. Taken together, these results indicate that pulmonary exposure to CuONPs induces pathological damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cerebral cortex, suggesting that neurotoxicity caused by pulmonary exposure of CuONPs needs more attention from the public and relevant departments.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is one of the lipids identified to be involved in stem cell differentiation. It exerts various functions through activation of G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs). In previous studies, we have demonstrated that activation of LPA receptor 3 (LPA3) promotes erythropoiesis of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and zebrafish using molecular and pharmacological approaches. Our results show that treatment with lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 (LPA2) agonist suppressed erythropoiesis, whereas activation of LPA3 by 1-oleoyl-2-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphothionate (2S-OMPT) promoted it, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the inhibitory role of LPA3 during megakaryopoiesis. However, the mechanism underlying these observations remains elusive. In the present study, we suggest that the expression pattern of LPARs may be correlated with the transcriptional factors GATA-1 and GATA-2 at different stages of myeloid progenitors. We determined that manipulation of GATA factors affected the expression levels of LPA2 and LPA3 in K562 leukemia cells. Using luciferase assays, we demonstrate that the promoter regions of LPAR2 and LPAR3 genes were regulated by these GATA factors in HEK293T cells. Mutation of GATA-binding sites in these regions abrogated luciferase activity, suggesting that LPA2 and LPA3 are regulated by GATA factors. Moreover, physical interaction between GATA factors and the promoter region of LPAR genes was verified in K562 cells using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies. Taken together, our results suggest that balance between LPA2 and LPA3 expression, which may be determined by GATA factors, is a regulatory switch for lineage commitment in myeloid progenitors. The expression-level balance of LPA receptor subtypes represents a novel mechanism regulating erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis.

Background Dentate gyrus (DG), a “gate” that controls information flow into the hippocampus, plays important roles in regulating both cognitive (e.g., spatial learning and memory) and mood behaviors. Deficits in DG neurons contribute to the pathogenesis of not only neurological, but also psychiatric, disorders, such as anxiety disorder. Whereas DG’s function in spatial learning and memory has been extensively investigated, its role in regulating anxiety remains elusive. Methods Using c-Fos to mark DG neuron activation, we identified a group of embryonic born dorsal DG (dDG) neurons, which were activated by anxiogenic stimuli and specifically express osteocalcin (Ocn)-Cre. We further investigated their functions in regulating anxiety and the underlying mechanisms by using a combination of chemogenetic, electrophysiological, and RNA-sequencing methods. Results The Ocn-Cre+ dDG neurons were highly active in response to anxiogenic environment but had lower excitability and fewer presynaptic inputs than those of Ocn-Cre− or adult born dDG neurons. Activating Ocn-Cre+ dDG neurons suppressed anxiety-like behaviors and increased adult DG neurogenesis, whereas ablating or chronically inhibiting Ocn-Cre+ dDG neurons exacerbated anxiety-like behaviors, impaired adult DG neurogenesis, and abolished activity (e.g., voluntary wheel running)-induced anxiolytic effect and adult DG neurogenesis. RNA-sequencing screening for factors induced by activation of Ocn-Cre+ dDG neurons identified BDNF, which was required for Ocn-Cre+ dDG neurons mediated antianxiety-like behaviors and adult DG neurogenesis. Conclusions These results demonstrate critical functions of Ocn-Cre+ dDG neurons in suppressing anxiety-like behaviors but promoting adult DG neurogenesis, and both functions are likely through activation of BDNF.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can influence many biological processes and also show promise as biomarkers for cancer. Few researches have focused on the expression of microRNA-223 (miR-223) and its precise role in breast cancer (BC). We aimed to examine the expression level of miR-223 and further explored the prognostic value in BC.Methods: Tissue microarray-based miRNA detection in situ hybridization with LNA probe was used to detect miR-223 expression in 450 BC tissue. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between two groups using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model.Results: Better OS and DFS were observed in the high-miR-223 expression patients compared to those of low expression patients (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.017, respectively), especially in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype (P = 0.046and P < 0.001, respectively). Combined with the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, TNM stage (p = 0.008), molecular subtype (p =0.049) and miR-223 (p < 0.001) were independently linked to OS and DFS. External validation was performed in METABRIC and TCGA database via online webtool and consistent with the data above.Conclusions: This study provided evidence that high-miR-223 expression at diagnosis was associated with better DFS and OS for BC, especially for the TNBC subtype. miR-223 is a valid and independent prognostic biomarker in BC. Table Univariate and multivariate survival analysis for disease-free survivalUnivariate MultivariateVariableHR95% CIP valueHR95% CIP valueAge0.594≤40 vs >601.3510.626-2.9140.44440-60 vs >600.9940.548-1.8030.984Menopausal statuspre vs post0.7370.487-1.1130.147DifferentiationII vs III0.7300.457-1.1640.186TNM stage0.0080.008II vs I1.4210.860-2.3460.1701.4850.887-2.4850.132III vs I2.7581.446-5.2590.0022.8581.469-5.5630.002Molecular subtype0.1940.049Luminal B vs Luminal A1.1060.580-2.1070.7600.8130.415-1.5930.546HER2+ vs Luminal A0.9860.497-1.9560.9670.7010.337-1.4580.342Triple-negative vs Luminal A1.6260.930-2.8430.0881.4930.849-2.6260.164MicroRNA-223low vs high3.9602.201-7.126 Citation Format: Li Chen, Xiuzhi Zhu, Ling Yao, Zonghua Wang. High expression of MicroRNA-223 indicates better prognosis in triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS6-21.

The prediction of hospital emergency room visits (ERV) for respiratory diseases after the outbreak of PM2.5 is of great importance in terms of public health, medical resource allocation, and policy decision support. Recently, the machine learning methods bring promising solutions for ERV prediction in view of their powerful ability of short-term forecasting, while their performances still exist unknown. Therefore, we aim to check the feasibility of machine learning methods for ERV prediction of respiratory diseases. Three different machine learning models, including autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and long short-term memory (LSTM), are introduced to predict daily ERV in urban areas of Beijing, and their performances are evaluated in terms of the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The results show that the performance of ARIMA is the worst, with a maximum R2 of 0.70 and minimum MAE, RMSE, and MAPE of 99, 124, and 26.56, respectively, while MLP and LSTM perform better, with a maximum R2 of 0.80 (0.78) and corresponding MAE, RMSE, and MAPE of 49 (33), 62 (42), and 14.14 (9.86). In addition, it demonstrates that MLP cannot detect the time lag effect properly, while LSTM does well in the description and prediction of exposure-response relationship between PM2.5 pollution and infecting respiratory disease.

Sea surface temperature (SST) is a key factor for both climate and weather. Most studies focus on evaluation of satellite SSTs in different oceanic regions, but the performance of ERA5 reanalysis SST datasets (ERA5 SSTs) has not been systematically evaluated. In this article, buoy measurements from 46 National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) sites around the Pacific and the Atlantic are used to make an analysis of the deviations of the ERA5 SSTs on an hourly basis and its variations on a daily basis. Overall, ERA5 SSTs have a global coverage with a $- 0.04\,\,^{\circ }\text{C}$ bias and 4.60 °C standard deviation in the study area. It is worthwhile to notice that ERA5 SSTs exhibit significant differences in the amplitude and the phasing of their spatial patterns. The products are found to meet the accuracy criterion, except in near coastal areas, which may result from the near-coastal mixture effect and the warm SST. The results reveal that ERA5 SSTs completely capture the diurnal variability of SST under all wind speed conditions, especially in the situation when wind speed is above 6 m/s. There is a slight cold bias when wind speed is below 6m/s, indicating that ERA5 SSTs are not affected by solar radiation heating. These findings contribute to the sensible use of ERA5 SSTs around the Pacific and the Atlantic.

Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. In practice, all vetiver seedlings are propagated via ramets or tillers, which cannot meet the market demand and would also destroy the original habitat. Most vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but the rate of seed germination is very low. This study aimed to develop a novel method to improve its seed germination and seedling establishment. In the field, the inflorescences of wild vetiver were wrapped using a transparent plastic bag with a pot containing wet soils. The effects of inflorescence bagging and Tween 80 application on seed germination and seedling growth were examined. The results showed that seed development was characterized by low seed setting rate (19.2%), uneven maturity time, easy shedding (more than 95% of spikelets shed off 20 days after flowering), therefore difficult harvest of viable seeds. Bagging the inflorescence with moist soils in pot ensured the mature seeds falling onto the nursery soil surface and absorbing water for germination while the immature seeds continued to grow on the inflorescence. Bigging not only improved seed development and maturity, saved the procedure of seed collection and storage, but also provided a humid micro-environment for seed germination and seedling growth. Tween 80 as a surfactant promoted seed water absorption, germination and seedling growth. This simple and novel method has integrated the procedures of seed collection, storage, germination and seedling establishment, and enables the production of a large number of healthy seedlings. The possible reasons for the degeneration and disappearance of the original population were also discussed from the perspective of the disadvantages of vetiver propagation.

Background: Relationship between hypertension and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains undetermined in population from less-developed regions. We aimed to explore whether hypertension is associated with MCI in this specific population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled subjects aged ≥18 years using multistage random sampling from Emin, China, in 2019. Participants underwent questionnaires and data collection including mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and blood pressure measurement. Results: Finally, 31,329 subjects were included, with 11,270 hypertensives. Compared with normotensive subjects, hypertensives were characterized by significantly older age (55.19 ± 12.25 vs. 43.26 ± 12.71), more men (52.5% vs. 42.9%), low education attainment (≤primary education: 42.4% vs. 26.3%), more abdominal obesity (39.7% vs. 19.1%), poor sleep quality (39.1% vs. 28.7%), and chronic kidney disease (6.6% vs. 3.4%, p for all p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed in a fully adjusted model that the odds for MCI were significantly increased in hypertensives than in normotensive population (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.30, p < 0.001) and independent of all the parameters studied including age, education level, and stroke. In the age-stratified regression model, presence of hypertension significantly increased the odds of MCI by 1.17-fold (95% CI: 1.03, 1.33, p = 0.020) and by 1.22-fold (95% CI: 1.04, 1.44, p = 0.016) in middle-aged and elderly population. Sensitivity analysis of excluding those with stroke history showed that hypertension was still a risk factor for MCI in total, middle-aged, and elderly population. Conclusion: Hypertension is in independent negative association with MCI in middle-aged and elderly population from underdeveloped regions.

From the cradle to the end of human life, it is the process of a series of social comparison and self-evaluation which generally exists in daily life and deeply affects social interaction process. For this reason, the topic presents the meaning and importance for the cultivation. Medical industry, as an emerging service industry, is considered as the internationally new wellness revolution after IT industry. Taking biotechnology and life science as the precursors, medical industry, covering health service functions of medical health, nutrition and health care, as well as fitness and leisure, would become the primary industry leading global economic development and social progress in the 21st century. Taking employees of Fujian Health Industrial Park as the research objects, total 360 copies of questionnaire are distributed. After removing invalid and incomplete copies, 241 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 67%. The research results show significantly positive correlations between 1.social comparison and self-efficacy, 2.self-efficacy and subjective well-being, and 3.social comparison and subjective well-being. According to the results, suggestions are proposed as the important reference for guiding the work and life adjustment of employees in medical industry as well as promoting the self-efficacy.

Aims/Introduction The predictive value of admission hyperglycemia in the long‐term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction patients is still controversial. We aimed to investigate this value based on the diabetes status. Materials and Methods We carried out a multicenter, retrospective study of 1,288 acute myocardial infarction patients enrolled in 11 hospitals between March 2014 and June 2019 in Chengdu, China. The patients were classified into those with diabetes and those without diabetes, each was further divided into: hyperglycemia and non‐hyperglycemia subgroups, according to the optimal cut‐off value of the blood glucose to predict all‐cause mortality during follow up. The end‐points were all‐cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including all‐cause death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, vessel revascularization and non‐fatal stroke. Results In the follow‐up period of 15 months, we observed 210 (16.3%), 6 (0.5%), 57 (4.4%) and 34 (2.6%) cases of death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization and non‐fatal stroke, respectively. The optimal cut‐off values of admission blood glucose for patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes to predict all‐cause mortality during follow up were 14.80 and 6.77 mmol/L, respectively. We divided patients with diabetes (n = 331) into hyperglycemia (n = 92) and non‐hyperglycemia (n = 239), and patients without diabetes (n = 897) into hyperglycemia (n = 425) and non‐hyperglycemia (n = 472). The cumulative rates of all‐cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among the patients in each hyperglycemia group was higher than that in the corresponding non‐hyperglycemia group (P, The prognostic value of admission hyperglycemia on long‐term prognosis remains elusive, especially in acute myocardial infarction patients with diabetes. Regarding acute myocardial infarction patients, there has been no accurate threshold of admission hyperglycemia to predict mortality. Therefore, in our study, we used different cut‐off values in patients with and without diabetes to discuss their predictive value in the long‐term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction patients.

Recurrent head-and-neck (HN) cancer is one of the most malignant cancers in the world. Various treatment modalities, such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery were adopted to treat HN cancer, but recurrence of HN tumor always occurs again, leading to poor prognosis and low 5-year survival rate. Recently, boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) emerges an alternative modality for curing recurrent tumors. Presently, boron phenylalanine-fructose (BPA-F) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) are the two best BNCT molecular drugs, which, however, have poor therapeutic efficacies and are lack of tumor-targeting ability. In this study

Postoperative symptoms, bowel dysfunction and recurrence are common problems after resection of colorectal polyps. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy ofIn this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adults (≥ 18 years) undergoing endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps were treated with probiotics (A total of 100 individuals were included (48 in probiotic group and 52 in placebo group). No difference was seen in the mean scores between the two groups (0.29 vs. 0.43, P = 0.246). Colorectal polyps size (P = 0.008) and preoperative symptoms (P = 0.032) were influential factors for the primary endpoint. Besides, MH-02 alleviated difficult defecation (P = 0.045), and reduced the time to recovery of bowel function (P = 0.032). High-throughput analysis showed that MH-02 can help restore the diversity of intestinal microbiota, and increased the relative abundance ofIn this prospective trial, MH-02 showed efficacy in patients with resection of colorectal polyps, particularly in the recovery of bowel function, and the changes in the intestinal microbiota may provide evidence for further exploration of the therapeutic mechanisms.

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) play pivotal roles in breast cancer (BC) development. As an RBP, Processing of precursor 7 (POP7) is one of the subunits of RNase P and RNase MRP, however, its exact function and mechanism in BC remain unknown. Here, we showed that expression of POP7 was frequently increased in BC cells and in primary breast tumors. Upregulated POP7 significantly promoted BC cell proliferation in vitro and primary tumor growth in vivo. POP7 also increased cell migration, invasion in vitro, and lung metastasis in vivo. Through RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (RIP-seq), we found that POP7 bound preferentially to intron regions and POP7-binding peak associated genes were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways. Furthermore, POP7 regulated Interleukin Enhancer Binding Factor 3 (ILF3) expression through influencing its mRNA stability. Knockdown of ILF3 significantly impaired the increased malignant potential of POP7-overexpressing cells, suggesting that POP7 enhances BC progression through regulating ILF3 expression. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence for the important role of POP7 and its regulation of ILF3 in promoting BC progression.

In previous studies, pulse signals have been analysed primarily to standardise and objectify pulse diagnosis, but the influence of TCM constitution on pulse signals and disease has been neglected. Our study links the wrist pulse wave signal to TCM constitution to find TCM constitution factors that predispose to disease while improving the accuracy of disease classification. Our specific approach is set out below. A wrist pulse signal sampler based on a piezoelectric sensor was designed and 95 healthy subjects and 20 hypertensive patients were invited to complete the CCMQ (Constitution in the Chinese Medicine Questionnaire), of which 48 completed the pulse wave signal. Meanwhile, we improved the Butterworth filtering algorithm to denoise the pulse wave signals, and after smoothing and period segmentation, we finally extracted 27 time-domain features and 8 wavelet packet energy features. Then, we used the independent sample t-test and binary logistic regression analysis to analyze the correlation between the prevalence of hypertension and TCM constitution and found that the three constitutions of YaD (Yang-deficiency), YiD (Yin-deficiency), and PW (Phlegm-wet) were significantly associated with whether the subjects suffered from hypertension. The final classification results showed that the fusion features after adding the three constitution features with a high correlation with hypertension had a 17.46% higher F-score than the classification model without the constitution features. It can be seen that the incorporation of constitution characteristics into pulse characteristics in this paper has important implications for disease classification. This also provides a basis for studying the correlation between TCM physical characteristics and certain diseases, and patients can adopt targeted TCM management techniques to prevent diseases in advance.

Secreted immunoglobulin A (SIgA), IgG, and IgM play a crucial role in forming the intestinal mucosal immune barrier, and parasites could disturb the host's immune response by releasing various immunomodulatory molecules. Moniezia benedeni is an important pathogen parasitizing in the sheep small intestine. It is aimed to explore the residence characteristics of IgA+, IgG+, and IgM+ cells in the sheep small intestine, and the influence of Moniezia benedeni infection on them. Control group (n = 6) and infected group (n = 6) were selected, respectively, and the three subtype cells residing in the small intestine were systematically observed and analyzed. The results showed that in the Control group, the three types of positive cells were all distributed diffusely, and the total densities in jejunum, duodenum and ileum was gradually declined in turn. Notably, the change trend of IgA+ and IgG+ cells densities were both congruent with the total densities, and the differences among them were significant, respectively (P < 0.05); the IgM+ cells density was the highest in duodenum, followed by jejunum and ileum, there was no significant difference between duodenum and jejunum (P > 0.05), but both significantly higher than in ileum (P < 0.05). In the Infected group, their total densities in duodenum, jejunum and ileum were gradually declined in turn. Notably, the IgA+ and IgM+ cells densities change trend was the same as the total densities, and the differences among them were significant, respectively (P < 0.05). The IgG+ cells density in duodenum was the highest, followed by ileum and jejunum and there was significantly difference among them (P < 0.05). The comparison results between Control and Infected groups showed that from the duodenum, jejunum to ileum, IgA+, IgG+, and IgM+ cells were all reduced significantly, respectively. The results suggest that the three types of positive cells were resided heterogeneously in the small intestinal mucosa, that is, significant region-specificity; Moniezia benedeni infection could not change their diffuse distribution characteristics, but strikingly, reduce their resident densities, and the forming mucosal immune barrier were significantly inhibited. It provided powerful evidence for studying on the molecular mechanism of Moniezia benedeni evasion from immune surveillance by strongly inhibiting the host's mucosal immune barrier.

Hawk tea, a caffeine-free, non-Camellia tea, could attenuated weight gain, fat accumulation and lipid levels, and modify intestinal microbiota disorders, lipid metabolism.

Retrospective study.To present a morphological map of cervical sagittal alignment in basilar invagination (BI), a congenital anomaly of the craniovertebral junction, and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of cervical sagittal alignment in congenital cervical deformities.Ideal cervical sagittal alignment and surgical targets are debated by scholars. However, most of the literature focuses on the description of cervical sagittal alignment in acquired cervical diseases and normal subjects and few on congenital cervical spine deformities.This study analyzed cervical spine lateral radiographs of 87 BI patients and 98 asymptomatic subjects. They were analyzed for cranial, cervical spine, and thoracic inlet parameters.Patients with BI manifested significantly larger values for the following parameters than asymptomatic subjects: cranial tilt, cranial incidence angle, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) CGH-C7, C2-C7 angle, cervical tilt, and significantly smaller values for the following parameters: cranial slope, C0-C2 angle, C0-C7 angle, SVA C2-C7, spine tilt, thoracic inlet angle, and neck tilt. In the BI group, SVA C2-C7 was the cervical parameter most strongly correlated with the cranial, cervical spine, and thoracic inlet parameters, and was smaller in BI patients with fusion (atlanto-occipital assimilation) than in those without.A significant difference was observed between BI patients and asymptomatic subjects. BI patients have craniums tilted forward and downward, smaller upper cervical lordosis, larger lower cervical lordosis, and smaller thoracic inlet angle. In BI patients, the SVA C2-C7 is an important parameter in cervical sagittal alignment. In both individuals with congenital anomalies of the craniovertebral junction and the asymptomatic population, cervical spine alignment is significantly associated with cranial alignment, particularly thoracic inlet alignment.

Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest that ravaging crops in many provinces of China. In order to specifically control this invasive pest, understanding of the relationship between the insect and the hosts is necessary. In this study, we have compared the biological and nutritional indices of S. frugiperda by feeding it with five different host-plants (Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, Digitaria sanguinalis, Glycine max and Eleusine indica) under laboratory conditions. The biological and nutritional indices of Z. mays feeding S. frugiperda were the best. However, the pupa weight and fecundity of S. frugiperda fed with G. max and E. indica were significantly lower than those fed with other hosts, efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) were also lower than others. The total phenol content of hosts was negatively correlated with the growth and nutrient accumulation of S. frugiperda, while the C/N content was positively correlated. When fed on different host plants, the biological and nutritional indices of S. frugiperda were different, but all of them could complete the life cycle. Therefore, S. frugiperda also has a tendency to feed on other hosts, especially plants with high C/N content, when Z. mays is insufficient.