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Virtual reality technology has brought a new round of information technology revolution for marketing due to its dual potential in marketing efficiency and experience. After combing the applications of the combination of digital marketing and virtual reality technology, this paper takes a store’s VR marketing campaign as an example, selects the relevant evaluation indexes, and, after assigning values to the indexes’ weights, applies the gray fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to assess the integration effect of digital marketing and virtual reality technology in the sample VR marketing campaign. Afterward, the theoretical model and research hypotheses regarding VR digital marketing’s influence on online purchase experience are proposed, and structural equation modeling is employed to validate the correlation. The results indicate that the integration effect of VR marketing campaigns in the sample stores is above average (75.93 points). The combination of digital marketing and virtual reality technology positively stimulates users’ demand motivation and experience perception (P

Diseases related to cartilage abnormalities pose a serious threat to human health. Normal cartilage contains only one type of cell, chondrocytes. This study aims to investigate the impact of inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase E (INPP5E) on chondrocytes and its underlying mechanisms. Following transfection of small interfering RNA INPP5E into chondrocytes, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot (WB) assays were conducted to detect the expression of intraflagellar transport 88 (IFT88), Bcl-2-interacting protein 1 (Beclin1), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (MAP1LC3A), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (MAP1LC3B), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), collagen type II alpha 1 chain (COL2A1), and cyclin D1 (CCND1). Furthermore, immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of acetylated α-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) II. RT-PCR, WB, and the dual luciferase assay demonstrated the regulation between SNHG12, hsa-miR-181a-5p, hsa-miR-138-5p, and INPP5E. Functional recovery experiments were used to observe the regulation of these factors on IFT88, Beclin1, LC3 I, LC3 II, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, collagen II, and cyclin D1 in chondrocytes. The results showed that silencing INPP5E inhibited the mRNA and protein expressions of the investigated factors in chondrocytes. SNHG12 promoted INPP5E expression by inhibiting hsa-miR-181a-5p or hsa-miR-138-5p, which resulted in regulation of the expression of various factors via the hsa-miR-181a-5p/hsa-miR-138-5p-INPP5E axis in chondrocytes. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of patients with cartilage-related abnormalities.

Infrastructure and geography are the most important components of international trade. They provide trade-oriented amenities for the trade volume among trading partners. Thus, this study assesses the simultaneous impact of infrastructure and geographic factors on trade in Asian economies from 2004 to 2020. This work contributes to the existing literature by exploring the significance of infrastructure and geography in international trade. Furthermore, this research seeks to determine whether these factors have complementary or simultaneous effects. To examine these aspects, the augmented gravity model and cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lags are used in the current model. Then, the multilateral resistance terms are corrected. Results reveal that infrastructure has a significant and positive impact on trade. More precisely, transport infrastructure, communication infrastructure, financial infrastructure, and border-transport efficiency are productive influencers for trade over a certain period. Notably, the simultaneous impacts of infrastructure and geographic factors can lead to the deterioration of trade volume. The policy implications and future research direction of this study suggest that economies should improve infrastructure and geographic factors through gross domestic product.

Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, this paper constructs an evaluation index system to create spatially featured landscapes at the village entrance of traditional villages. The evaluation indexes are quantified by using principal component analysis under multivariate statistical analysis, and the satisfaction of the creation of a landscape characteristic of the village entrance space is evaluated by linear regression. The characteristic spatial pattern of the village entrance of traditional villages is discussed, including the characteristic landscape and spatial characteristics. To verify the validity of the evaluation index system in this paper, a quantitative analysis of the data was carried out with Guangzhou Zengcheng District as an example. The results show that the comprehensive score of Licheng Street in Zengcheng District, Guangzhou, is 0.952, and the percentage of villagers’ satisfaction evaluation of the village entrance space is 63.48%. This shows that the central urban area pays more attention to the villagers’ lives and is willing to carry out the village entrance space characteristic landscape creation. Moreover, when creating the characteristic landscape of the village entrance space, it is based on the lifestyle and folklore activities, and the organizational system is the guarantee, which is more in line with the expectation of the villagers for the development of the traditional villages.

This paper builds a spatial design model based on the reconstruction of 3D visual spatial points in an indoor environment and combines the minimum Euclidean distance to calculate the vector relationship between spatial points and realize the corresponding spatial point matching. For the exploration of traditional elements in spatial design, an extraction method based on the improved cuckoo algorithm is proposed. By adding a dynamic inertia weight adjustment method, one inertia weight value is randomly selected from the Gaussian distribution each time to balance the algorithm’s local and global search. By extracting traditional elements, calligraphy is the most frequent in the home space, with 79.4% integration. The tea set is the most frequent traditional element in the dining space, with 84.53% integration. A couplet is the most frequent traditional element in the public open space, with 71.98% integration. The extraction based on intelligent algorithms can help designers better integrate traditional elements in the design of environmental spaces.

Objective Ankle fracture is a common type of fracture with increasing incidence in recent years. It is mainly caused by osteoporosis and has not attracted much attention. This study aimed to measure the Hounsfield units (HU) of the distal fibula by computed tomography (CT) scans, evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with ankle fracture, and explore the correlation between BMD and ankle fracture. Methods We enrolled 74 patients with ankle fracture and divided them into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups according bone density. The examiners measured the HU of the distal fibula and we analysis calculated the best HU to distinguish group differences using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and analyzed the correlation between HU of the distal fibula and BMD, and T-score of lumbar vertebrae and the proximal femur. Results The HU of the distal fibula was significantly associated with whole parts except BMD of total lumbar, especially with BMD of L2, which had the highest correlation (r=0.555, P

Abstract The success of arsenic in degrading PML‐RARα oncoprotein illustrates the great anti‐leukemia value of inorganics. Inspired by this, the therapeutic effect of inorganic selenium on t(8; 21) leukemia is studied, which has shown promising anti‐cancer effects on solid tumors. A leukemia‐targeting selenium nanomedicine is rationally built with bioengineered protein nanocage and is demonstrated to be an effective epigenetic drug for inducing the differentiation of t(8;21) leukemia. The selenium drug significantly induces the differentiation of t(8;21) leukemia cells into more mature myeloid cells. Mechanistic analysis shows that the selenium is metabolized into bioactive forms in cells, which drives the degradation of the AML1‐ETO oncoprotein by inhibiting histone deacetylases activity, resulting in the regulation of AML1‐ETO target genes. The regulation results in a significant increase in the expression levels of myeloid differentiation transcription factors PU.1 and C/EBPα, and a significant decrease in the expression level of C‐KIT protein, a member of the type III receptor tyrosine kinase family. This study demonstrates that this protein‐nanocaged selenium is a potential therapeutic drug against t(8;21) leukemia through epigenetic regulation.

Background: The diagnostic utility of SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10) expression in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) has been reported previously. However, the effect of SOX10 on the malignancy of BLBC cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unelucidated. Here, we investigate the regulatory mechanisms and roles of SOX10 in BLBC progression. Methods: Sequencing data from patients with BLBC were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas database to determine the transcriptomic levels of SOX10 across breast cancer subtypes. Subsequently, the bioinformatics relevance of SOX10 in BLBC was investigated. Immunohistochemical assays were used to corroborate the protein expression of SOX10 in clinicopathological specimens (human breast cancer paraffin tissues). RNA interference was used to downregulate SOX10 expression, and the efficiency of interference was evaluated using quantitative PCR. The expression levels of molecules related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway were determined by western blotting. Various assays, such as transwell, colony formation, and flow apoptosis assays, were conducted to assess the malignancy of BLBC cells (MDA-MB-231). Results: Bioinformatics analyses revealed the differential expression of SOX10 in various breast cancer subtypes. An association between SOX10 and immune checkpoint expression was observed in BLBC. Additionally, immune correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between SOX10 expression and effector immune cells. SOX10 was identified as a potential immunotherapeutic target. Juxtaposed with non-basal-like breast cancer (N-BLBC) and breast adenosis, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the upregulated expression of SOX10 in BLBC, indicating its potential diagnostic significance. Single-gene functional enrichment analysis indicated that SOX10 is associated with EMT and the tumor inflammatory index. Experimental outcomes from cellular assays suggested that the downregulation of SOX10 inhibited multiple malignancy-associated behaviors in MDA-MB-231 cells, specifically affecting the EMT process, migration, invasion, proliferation, clone formation, and anti-apoptotic activities. Conclusions: We concluded that SOX10 contributes to the malignancy of BLBC cells by modulating the EMT pathway. Moreover, we observed a notable correlation between SOX10 expression and immune responses, indicating the potential significance of SOX10 in immunotherapy.

The effect of taurine (TAU) as a specific regulatory mediator on pancreatic function in obese rats induced by a high-fat-high-glucose (HFHG) diet was investigated. We fed male Sprague-Dawley rats under different conditions, namely the control, HFHG, TAU, and HFHG + TAU treatment groups for 4 months. Compared with the HFHG group, TAU supplementation significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels and increased superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione levels in the rat pancreas. In addition, TAU significantly decreased the level of reactive oxygen species, and markedly increased the activity of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP-1), and nuclear factor erythrocyte-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the rat pancreas. Notably, HFHG diet could induce pancreatic injury in the rats through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and activate the mitochondrial channel-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway. The addition of TAU significantly improved the pancreatic tissue injury induced by the HFHG diet in the rats and reduced the protein expression of Caspase-3, Cleaved-caspase-3, Caspase-9 and Bcl-2 associated protein X (BAX), and increased the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). In conclusion, this experiment confirmed that TAU could alleviate the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by the HFHG diet in rat pancreatic β-cells.

ABSTRACTDietary fibers/probiotics may relieve constipation via optimizing gut microbiome, yet with limited trial-based evidences. We aimed to evaluate the effects of formulas with dietary fibers or probiotics on functional constipation symptoms, and to identify modulations of gut microbiota of relevance. We conducted a 4-week double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial in 250 adults with functional constipation. Intervention: A: polydextrose; B: psyllium husk; C: wheat bran + psyllium husk; D: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 + Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001; Placebo: maltodextrin. Oligosaccharides were also included in group A to D. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to assess the gut microbiota at weeks 0, 2, and 4. A total of 242 participants completed the study. No time-by-group effect was observed for bowel movement frequency (BMF), Bristol stool scale score (BSS), and degree of defecation straining (DDS), while BSS showed mean increases of 0.95–1.05 in group A to D (all P

C17H16N2O8, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.0825(4) Å, b = 15.6168(9) Å, c = 15.1086(9) Å, β = 93.3830(10)°, V = 1668.19(17) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0543, wRref(F2) = 0.1443, T = 170.15 K.

C27H32FN3O9, triclinic, P1‾$P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 8.0932(4) Å, b = 11.8392(7) Å, c = 14.6782(8) Å, α = 87.860(3)∘, β = 76.795(2)∘, γ = 78.317(2)°, V = 1340.81(13) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0559, wRref (F2) = 0.1537, T = 170 K.

Abstract Background BRAF mutation occurs in 5%–10% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs). Patients with BRAF mutant mCRC exhibit a specific metastatic pattern and poor prognosis. Survival outcomes are heterogeneous in cases of mCRC with a BRAF mutation. The optimal first‐line therapy is still controversial. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with mCRC between June 2010 and December 2021. Clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and BRAF mutation testing results were collected. Patients with a BRAF mutation were included. Kaplan–Meier methods and log‐rank tests were used to analyze and compare survival. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to establish the predictive nomogram model. Results Of the 4475 mCRC, 261 have a BRAF mutation, including 240 V600E and 21 non‐V600E mutants. The median overall survival (OS) was 18.2 months in the BRAF V600E mutant group versus 38.0 months in the non‐V600E mutant group (p = 0.022). ECOG score, tumor differentiation, liver metastasis, bone metastasis and primary tumor resection were independent prognostic factors for the OS of BRAF V600E mutant mCRC. A nomogram model was established using these factors. The median OS was 39.3 m, 18.2 m and 10.7 m for the low‐risk, intermediate‐risk and high‐risk groups defined by this model, respectively (p

Abstract Aim Pyrotinib (an irreversible pan‐ErbB small‐molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitor) was approved in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancer and showed great antitumor activity in preclinical studies of gastric cancer (GC). This study was first designed to prospectively assess pyrotinib in pretreated HER2‐positive GC. Methods This multicenter, phase I study followed a standard “3 + 3” design and included two parts. In the pyrotinib part, pyrotinib was administered orally, once per day at dose levels of 240, 320, 400, and 480 mg. In the pyrotinib plus docetaxel part, patients received pyrotinib (qd, d1‐21, q3W) combined with docetaxel (60 mg/m2, d1, q3W) at dose levels of 240, 320, and 400 mg. Primary endpoints were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of pyrotinib as monotherapy or coadministered with docetaxel. Results A total of 25 patients were enrolled and received pyrotinib (n = 15) or pyrotinib plus docetaxel (n = 10). One DLT was observed in pyrotinib monotherapy part (Grade 3 uncontrolled diarrhea after supportive care) and pyrotinib plus docetaxel part (Grade 4 neutropenia and leukopenia). In the pyrotinib monotherapy part, MTD was not reached. Diarrhea, anemia, neutropenia, and leukopenia were the most common treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs). The RP2D for pyrotinib monotherapy was recommended as 400 mg. After combining with docetaxel, the risk of leukopenia and neutropenia was increased. Grade ≥3 TRAEs were reported for four patients in the monotherapy part and for eight patients in the combination part. Mean t1/2 was approximately 20 h. Pyrotinib exposure was dose‐dependent with a nonlinear relationship versus dose. There were five patients who had confirmed partial response (monotherapy: one each at 240, 400, and 480 mg dose cohort; combination therapy: two at 240 mg dose cohort), resulting in an objective response rate of 21% and 20%, respectively. Conclusions Pyrotinib alone and combined with docetaxel showed acceptable toxicities in patients with pretreated HER2‐positive GC. Trial Registration This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02378389.

Abstract Background In this randomized phase II study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in combination with capecitabine and cisplatin (XP) as first‐line chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer. Patients and Methods Patients with metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma were randomized (1:1) to receive either sorafenib plus XP (S + XP) or XP alone. In cases of disease progression in the XP arm, crossover to sorafenib alone was allowed. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), response rates, safety profiles, and biomarkers, and the response rates and PFS with secondline sorafenib alone after progression in the XP arm. Results Between Jan 2011 and Feb 2013, a total of 195 patients were accrued (97 in the S + XP arm and 98 in the XP alone arm). The overall response rate was 54% with S + XP, and 52% with XP alone (p = 0.83). With a median follow‐up of 12.6 months (range, 0.1–29.2), the median PFS assessed by independent review was 5.6 months in the S + XP arm and 5.3 months in the XP arm (hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67–1.27, p = 0.61). Overall survival was not different between the two arms (median 11.7 vs. 10.8 months; HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.65–1.31, p = 0.66). Frequencies of grade 3/4 toxicities were similar between the S + XP and XP alone arms, except for neutropenia (21% vs. 37%), anorexia (0% vs. 5%), and hand‐foot skin reaction (7% vs. 1%). Among 51 patients who crossed over to sorafenib alone after disease progression in the XP arm, there was no objective response and their median PFS was 1.3 months (95% CI, 1.2–1.7). Conclusion The addition of sorafenib to XP chemotherapy was safe but not more effective than XP alone for first‐line treatment of metastatic gastric cancer.

Abstract Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are a relatively rare type of thoracic tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all tumors. The incidence of TETs is about 3.93/10000 in China, slightly higher than that of European and American countries. For resectable TETs, complete surgical resection is recommended. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used as postoperative adjuvant treatment. Treatment for advanced, unresectable TETs consist mainly of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but there is a lack of standard first‐ and second‐line treatment regimens. Recently, targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising outcomes in TETs. Based on the currently available clinical evidences and the opinions of the national experts, the Thymic Oncology Group of Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group (East China LUng caNcer Group, ECLUNG; Youth Committee) established this Chinese expert consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TETs, covering the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and follow‐up of TETs.

Abstract P-sets (P stands for Packet) is a set model with dynamic characteristics, which is obtained by introducing dynamic characteristics into Cantor set and improving Cantor set. According to the fact that the characteristics of class I big data are completely consistent with the basic characteristics of P-sets, this paper gives research on theory and application on class I big data from the view of mathematics. Here we introduce Class I big data which need some new definitions of data block, microdata and data link. Based on these concepts, decomposition theorem of data block and microdata relation theorem are given, and then attribute reasoning theorem and microdata intelligent discovery and the intelligent secure acquisition algorithm of microdata are also proposed. By using these theoretical results, the applications of secure acquisition of microdata are presented. In summary, P-sets mathematical model provides a new theory and method for studying class I big data.

ObjectiveTo establish a method for the determination of isoflavone in soybean by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with the contents of genistein， daidzein and glycitein as the indexes.MethodsThe samples were extracted by ethanol-water （3+1， V/V）， separated by Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column（3.0 mm ×150 mm， 1.7 μm） and then eluted by methanol and 0.1% formic acid solution （containing 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate） as mobile phase， detected by UPLC-MS/MS under the electrospray ionization （ESI-） anion ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring mode. Results The linear relationship between genistein and daidzein was good in the range of 5.0-500 μg/L （r>0.995）， the detection limits were 2.7 and 4.0 mg/kg， respectively. The average recoveries at the addition levels of 300.0， 600.0， and 1 200 mg/kg were 89.4% to 102.2% and the relative standard deviations （n=6） were 1.5% to 4.6%. The linear relationship of glycitein was good in the range of 0.5-50.0 μg/L （r>0.995）， the detection limit was 0.6 mg/kg. The average recoveries at the addition levels of 30.0， 60.0， and 120.0 mg/kg were 85.7% to 104.0% and the relative standard deviations （n=6） were 1.3% to 2.8%.ConclusionThe method is simple， sensitive and accurate， which is suitable for the determination of isoflavone in soybean.

Cancer: vitamin A derivative prevents salivary gland tumors spreading Treatment of salivary gland tumors with a metabolite of vitamin A could help prevent rare cancer from spreading to the lungs. A team led by Xiao-hong Chen and Lu Kong from Capital Medical University in Beijing, China, performed extensive molecular profiling on primary and metastatic tumor cells taken from two patients with advanced salivary gland cancer. Even though these patients’ cancers did not harbor either of two common mutations that are hallmarks of the disease, both of which drive tumor proliferation and spread, the cells did show signs of altered gene expression and faulty molecular signaling consistent with these same mutational profiles. The abnormal signaling could be overcome by treatment with retinoic acid, a derivative of vitamin A that, when given to mouse models of cancer, reduced the development of lung metastases.

Objective The lumbar fusion is an important surgery for the orthopedic diseases. The rehabilitation might improve the outcome of patients with lumbar fusion surgery. The rehabilitation-related effects can be revealed by a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The purpose of this study is to clarify the rehabilitation effects in the patients with lumbar fusion surgery. Methods We performed a systematic search and a meta-analysis for the RCT of rehabilitation treatment on the patients with lumbar fusion surgery. The comparison between rehabilitation treatment (including psychological rehabilitation, exercise, and multimodal rehabilitation) and typical treatment was performed to find if the rehabilitation treatment can improve the outcome after the lumbar fusion surgery. Fifteen studies of lumbar fusion patients under rehabilitation treatment and typical treatment were enrolled in a variety of rehabilitation modalities. The focused outcome was the rehabilitation-related effects on the fear, disability, and pain of patients after the lumbar fusion surgery. Results Five hundred twenty-eight rehabilitation subjects and 498 controls were enrolled. The psychological-related rehabilitation showed a significant decrease in pain-related fear when compared to usual treatment. The multimodal rehabilitation can improve the disability outcome to a greater extent when compared to usual treatment. The multimodal rehabilitation seemed to have a more significantly positive effect to decrease disability after lumbar fusion surgery. In addition, the exercise and multimodal rehabilitation can relieve the pain after lumbar fusion surgery. The exercise rehabilitation seemed to have a more significantly positive effect to relieve pain after lumbar fusion surgery. Conclusion The rehabilitation might relieve the pain-related fear, disability, and pain after lumbar fusion surgery.

Abstract To develop MRI-based radiomics model for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) in men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of 4–10 ng/mL, to compare the performance of radiomics model and PI-RADS v2.1, and to further verify the predictive ability of radiomics model for lesions with different PI-RADS v2.1 score. 171 patients with PSA levels of 4–10 ng/mL were divided into training (n = 119) and testing (n = 52) groups. PI-RADS v2.1 score was assessed by two radiologists. All volumes of interest were segmented on T2-weighted imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient sequences, from which quantitative radiomics features were extracted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to establish radiomics model for predicting PCa. The diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The radiomics model exhibited the best performance in predicting PCa, which was better than the performance of PI-RADS v2.1 scoring by the junior radiologist in the training group [area under the curve (AUC): 0.932 vs 0.803], testing group (AUC: 0.922 vs 0.797), and the entire cohort (AUC: 0.927 vs 0.801) (P

Abstract Background The prevalence of liver fibrosis among diabetic patients is increasing rapidly. Our study aims at exploring the relationship between antidepressant use and liver fibrosis in diabetic patients. Methods We conducted this cross-sectional study through the cycle of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. The study population were consisted of patients with type 2 diabetes and reliable vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) results. The presence of liver fibrosis and steatosis were assessed by the median values of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), respectively. Antidepressants included selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs). Patients with evidence of viral hepatitis and significant alcohol consumption were excluded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between antidepressant use and both steatosis and significant (≥ F3) liver fibrosis after adjustment for potential confounders. Results Our study population consisted of 340 women and 414 men, of whom 87 women(61.3%) and 55(38.7%) men received antidepressants. The most commonly used antidepressants were SSNIs(48.6%), SNRIs(22.5%) and TCAs(12.7%), followed by SARIs(10.6%) and other antidepressants(5.6%). 165 participants had significant liver fibrosis by VCTE, with a weighted overall prevalence of 24%(95% CI 19.2–29.5). In addition, 510 patients had evidence of hepatic steatosis by VCTE with a weighted overall prevalence of 75.4%(95% CI 69.2–80.7). After adjusting confounders, no significant association was observed between antidepressant use and significant liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. Conclusions In conclusion, in this cross-sectional study, we found that antidepressant drugs was not associated with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with type 2 diabetes in a nationwide population.

Abstract Objective Novel therapeutic strategies are emerging with the increased understanding of the underlying mechanisms of human osteosarcoma. This current study tends to decipher the potentially critical role of DEP domain‐containing 1 (DEPDC1), a tumor‐related gene, during the progression of osteosarcoma. Methods Bioinformatics analysis of 25,035 genes from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databases was performed to screen differentially expressed genes between osteosarcoma and normal control groups, complemented by the examination of 85 clinical osteosarcoma specimens. Furthermore, the manipulation of DEPDC1 expression levels by using silencing RNA (siRNA) or lentiviral vector intervention on human osteosarcoma cells was performed to reveal its role and interactions in in vitro and in vivo settings. Results Gene expression profile analysis and immunohistochemical (IHC) examination suggested that DEPDC1 is highly expressed in human osteosarcoma cells and tumor tissue. The silencing of DEPDC1 arrested osteosarcoma cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and ceased tumor metastasis. Studies involving clinical human osteosarcoma cases exhibited a strong correlation of DEPDC1 over‐expressed osteosarcoma specimens with a reduced patient survival rate. Conclusions Collectively, this study demonstrated that DEPDC1 is a critical driver in the promotion of osteosarcoma progression and results in poor patient prognosis. Genetically targeting or pharmacologically inhibiting DEPDC1 may serve as a promising strategy for treating human osteosarcoma.

Low-segregation Cu–16Sn–0.3Ti alloy is the key raw material for the preparation of Nb3Sn superconducting wires. In this work, the non-segregation Cu–16Sn–0.3Ti alloy powders were successfully prepared by using vacuum induction melting inert gas atomization (VIGA) method and homogenization treatment in vacuum. The segregated solidification behavior of atomized Cu–16Sn–0.3Ti alloy droplets during gas atomization, the interface segregation and atomic diffusion behavior of alloy powders during homogenization were investigated. The results show that the segregated solidification of atomized droplets occurs in the form of twinned spherical segment. A critical morphological transition from cellular to dendritic structure occurs when the powder diameter is in the range of 44.1–86.0 μm. With the decreasing of the powder diameter, the lattice distortion in the α phases increases, and the δ phase volume fraction decreases. Increasing the cooling rate of atomized Cu–16Sn–0.3Ti alloy droplets is an important measure to limit the segregation of Sn. The homogenization condition of 550 °C for 96 h is not only conducive to the dissolution of δ phases, but also conducive to inhibiting the significant segregation of δ phases at the powder boundaries. The results provide guidance for the preparation of low-segregation Cu–16Sn–0.3Ti alloys.

ABSTRACT: Naturally forming benzoic acid in fermented dairy products accumulates in organisms and biomagnifies through collateral transport. The association between benzoic acid agglomeration and susceptible lipid nutrients remains obscure. Horizontal analysis of lipidomic alteration in response to benzoic acid was conducted and the spatially proteomic map was constructed using label-free quantitative proteomics. From synergistic integration of multi-omics in benzoic acid accumulated fermented goat milk model, the biological processes of significant proteins mostly focused on glyceride-type polyunsaturated fatty acids degradation (143.818 ± 0.51 mg/kg to 104.613 ± 0.29 mg/kg). As a physiological barrier shield, perilipin, which is coated on the surface of lipid droplets, protects triacylglycerols from cytosolic lipases, thus preventing triglyceride hydrolysis. The expression of perilipin decreased by 90% compared with the control group, leading to the decrease of triglycerides. Benzoic acid suppressed phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines synthesis by attenuating choline phosphotransferase and ethanolamine phosphotransferase. Less diglyceride generated by the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid entered choline phosphotransferase and ethanolamine phosphotransferase-mediated glycerophospholipid metabolisms. Fermentation of goat milk at a low temperature and less incubation time leads to the production of less benzoic acid and mitigation of lipid nutrient loss. The present study delineated the molecular landscape of fermented goat milk containing endogenous benzoic acid and further dissected the trajectory guiding lipid alteration to advance control of benzoic acid residue.

Amidst rapid urbanization and escalating environmental degradation in China’s urban areas due to climate change, traditional drainage systems struggle to cope with rainfall, resulting in frequent flood disasters. In response, rain gardens have emerged as ecologically practical stormwater management solutions that integrate urban flood control with landscape design. Leveraging the dual benefits of rainwater purification and aesthetic enhancement provided by vegetation, herbaceous plant-based rain gardens have assumed a pivotal role in green infrastructure. However, dedicated research on the application of herbaceous plants in rain garden design is limited, especially within China’s water-stressed context. This study employs a literature review and case analysis to explore this critical issue. Initially, it delineates the concept of the sponge city introduced by the Chinese government. Subsequently, it reviews concepts and methods of plant biodiversity design in urban settings and rain gardens and elucidates the structure and function of rain gardens. Four Chinese rain gardens in different urban environments (old industrial areas, university campuses, urban villages, and urban highway green belts) were selected to examine the selection and arrangement of herbaceous plants while identifying deficiencies in their designs. Finally, feasibility suggestions are provided for the design of herbaceous plant diversity in Chinese rain gardens. This study’s findings can provide a reference for the planting design of herbaceous plants in rain gardens for other countries and regions with similar climates and environmental conditions.

Bacillus velezensis FZB42 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) and a model microorganism for biofilm studies. Biofilms are required for the colonization and promotion of plant growth in the rhizosphere. However, little is known about how the final stage of the biofilm life cycle is regulated, when cells regain their motility and escape the mature biofilm to spread and colonize new niches. In this study, the non-annotated gene ccdC was found to be involved in the process of biofilm dispersion. We found that the ccdC-deficient strain maintained a wrinkled state at the late stage of biofilm formation in the liquid—gas interface culture, and the bottom solution showed a clear state, indicating that no bacterial cells actively escaped, which was further evidenced by the formation of a cellular ring (biofilm pellicle) located on top of the preformed biofilm. It can be concluded that dispersal, a biofilm property that relies on motility proficiency, is also positively affected by the unannotated gene ccdC. Furthermore, we found that the level of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) in the ccdC-deficient strain was significantly greater than that in the wild-type strain, suggesting that B. velezensis exhibits a similar mechanism by regulating the level of c-di-GMP, the master regulator of biofilm formation, dispersal, and cell motility, which controls the fitness of biofilms in Pseudomonas aeruginosain. In this study, we investigated the mechanism regulating biofilm dispersion in PGPR.

River corridors, recognized as “blue–green infrastructure,” have become a crucial support system for urban sustainability in contemporary urbanized societies. Understanding the factors influencing the recreational experience along urban river corridors is paramount for enhancing visitors’ health and well-being. This study focuses on the Hutuo River Corridor in Shijiazhuang, China, collecting 3006 valid reviews from Dianping, a prominent review platform. We developed a text-based thematic model and conducted content analysis using this dataset. The main social (visiting time, duration of stay, motivation, safety, and visitors’ types and activities) and physical (natural elements, artificial facilities, maintenance and management, accessibility, distance, models of transportation, weather, and seasons) factors associated with recreational experiences were identified. We assessed visitor perceptions of urban river corridors and elucidated facilitators or barriers through textual content analysis in reviews. The results indicate the feasibility of employing social media data to study visitors’ recreational experiences along urban river corridors. This comprehensive exploration from a qualitative ecological perspective contributes valuable insights for urban planning and management. Moreover, the findings hold significant implications for understanding the usage patterns of river corridors in China and potentially in other countries.

In a long and narrow corridor, the installation of roof smoke blocking structures is a measure to slow down the spread of fire smoke. When employing multiple smoke blocking structures, the spacing between these structures is a critical parameter that needs to be considered for optimal effectiveness. This paper analyzes the smoke blocking performance of double structures at different spacing and measures the smoke flow velocity both upstream and downstream of the double structures. According to the analysis of the smoke velocity vector obtained from numerical simulation, the smoke can be divided into three zones based on the flow state of the smoke after passing through the front smoke screen structure, namely the vortex zone, surge wave zone, and steady flow zone. When the rear smoke screen is located in the surge zone, the smoke blocking effect is optimal. Analysis of the morphology of the smoke layer indicates that the length of the vortex region is directly proportional to the upstream smoke flow velocity. The numerical and experimental results both indicate that an excessively large or small spacing between the structures fails to achieve optimal smoke control effectiveness. When the spacing is within an optimal range, the smoke velocity is the lowest. Finally, using a real architectural corridor as a case background, this paper presents a design example of roof smoke blocking structures. In order to arrange as many smoke blocking structures as possible, an appropriate spacing between the structures should be slightly larger than the vortex region. The smoke control effectiveness of multiple roof structures was validated through numerical simulation. As a result, the time required for smoke to pass through the corridor increases by 110 s.

Magnesium–sulfur batteries are an emerging technology. With their elevated theoretical energy density, enhanced safety, and cost-efficiency, they have the ability to transform the energy storage market. This review investigates the obstacles and progress made in the field of electrolytes which are especially designed for magnesium–sulfur batteries. The primary focus of the review lies in identifying electrolytes that can facilitate the reversible electroplating and stripping of Mg2+ ions whilst maintaining compatibility with sulfur cathodes and other battery components. The review also addresses the critical issue of managing the shuttle effect on soluble magnesium polysulfide by looking at the innovative engineering methods used at the sulfur cathode’s interface and in the microstructure design, both of which can enhance the reaction kinetics and overall battery efficiency. This review emphasizes the significance of reaction mechanism analysis from the recent studies on magnesium–sulfur batteries. Through analysis of the insights proposed in the latest literature, this review identifies the gaps in the current research and suggests future directions which can enhance the electrochemical performance of Mg-S batteries. Our analysis highlights the importance of innovative electrolyte solutions and provides a deeper understanding of the reaction mechanisms in order to overcome the existing barriers and pave the way for the practical application of Mg-S battery technology.

BackgroundWe investigated the clinical and endoscopic features, management strategies, and outcomes of Chinese cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced colitis.MethodThis single-centre retrospective study included patients who developed ICI-induced colitis and underwent endoscopic evaluation from June 1, 2019 to October 1, 2023. We analysed clinical features, ICI-induced colitis-related information, management strategies, and outcomes.ResultsA total of 25 patients were included; most were male (88%) with a median age of 59 years. Eleven (44%) patients had grade 2 colitis, and 14 (56%) had grade 3 colitis. The median time from ICI initiation to colitis onset was 105 days. The median duration from symptom onset to endoscopic evaluation was 11 days. Regarding endoscopic evaluation, colitis involved the entire colon in 13 (52%) patients, and 15 (60%) had ulcers. Twenty-three (92%) patients received steroids, and 3 (12%) added infliximab (IFX). Most patients (n=19, 76%) achieved remission with complete tapering of the steroid taken for the first colitis episode. Among the 6 (24%) patients who did not taper initial, 5 patients increased their steroid dosage with 2 added IFX, leading to symptom remission and successful steroid tapering, while one patient experienced continuous non-remission despite increasing the steroid and receiving two infusions of IFX. Of the 8 (32%) ICI rechallenge patients, 4 achieved long-lasting benefit without colitis recurrence. The other 4 experienced recurrent colitis after ICI rechallenge and permanently discontinued ICIs. The median duration from ICI rechallenge to colitis recurrence was shorter than the time to colitis onset. One patient developed steroid-refractory colitis and recovered with one infusion of IFX.ConclusionEndoscopy has value in the evaluation and optimal management of ICI-induced colitis in Chinese cancer patients. IFX is necessary for treating colitis, especially in steroid-refractory/resistant patients. ICI rechallenge can achieve benefit, but permanently discontinuing ICIs is needed if colitis recurs. Future large-scale prospective studies are required for more accurate assessments and validation.

BackgroundChanges in social behavior can occur after ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate the potential correlations between neuroimaging variables and changes in social behavior in patients who experienced subacute ischemic stroke.MethodsWe prospectively screened patients with first-ever ischemic stroke. Three months after the index stroke, changes in patients’ social behavior were investigated by the Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI), which consists of both deficit and positive groups of behaviors. The protocol of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including the baseline MRI at the acute stage and additional MRI with three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging on follow-up. Using these MRI scans, we assessed the acute infarction and the volumes of various brain structures by an automatic volumetry tool.ResultsEighty patients were enrolled. In univariate analyses, patients with deficit behavioral changes had more left cortical infarction (r = 0.271, p = 0.015), Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale scores (r = 0.227, p = 0.042), DWMH volumes (r = 0.349, p = 0.001), and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (r = 0.392, p

Background Despite remarkable benefits have been provided by immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer (GC), predictions of treatment response and prognosis remain unsatisfactory, making identifying biomarkers desirable. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a CT imaging biomarker to predict the immunotherapy response in patients with GC and investigate the associated immune infiltration patterns.Methods This retrospective study included 294 GC patients who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy from three independent medical centers between January 2017 and April 2022. A radiomics score (RS) was developed from the intratumoral and peritumoral features on pretreatment CT images to predict immunotherapy-related progression-free survival (irPFS). The performance of the RS was evaluated by the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to construct predictive nomogram of irPFS. The C-index was used to determine the performance of the nomogram. Bulk RNA sequencing of tumors from 42 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to investigate the RS-associated immune infiltration patterns.Results Overall, 89 of 294 patients (median age, 57 years (IQR 48–66 years); 171 males) had an objective response to immunotherapy. The RS included 13 CT features that yielded AUCs of 12-month irPFS of 0.787, 0.810 and 0.785 in the training, internal validation, and external validation 1 cohorts, respectively, and an AUC of 24-month irPFS of 0.805 in the external validation 2 cohort. Patients with low RS had longer irPFS in each cohort (p

Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) positively regulates oxidative stress and inflammation in different diseases. Takinib, a novel and specific TAK1 inhibitor, has beneficial effects in a variety of disorders. However, the effects of takinib on early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Our study showed that takinib administration significantly inhibited phosphorylated TAK1 expression after SAH. In addition, takinib suppressed M1 microglial polarization and promoted M2 microglial polarization. Furthermore, blockade of TAK1 by takinib reduced neuroinflammation, oxidative damage, brain edema, and neuronal apoptosis, and improved neurological behavior after SAH. Mechanistically, we revealed that TAK1 inhibition by takinib mitigated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS-mediated nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. In contrast, NLRP3 activation by nigericin abated the neuroprotective effects of takinib against EBI after SAH. In general, our study demonstrated that takinib could protect against EBI by targeting TAK1-ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Inhibition of TAK1 might be a promising option in the management of SAH.

Microvascular endothelial damage caused by intestinal ischemia‒reperfusion (II/R) is a primary catalyst for microcirculation dysfunction and enterogenous infection. Previous studies have mainly focused on how neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and ferroptosis cause intestinal epithelial injury, and little attention has been given to how NETs, mainly from circulatory neutrophils, affect intestinal endothelial cells during II/R. This study aimed to unravel the mechanisms through which NETs cause intestinal microvascular dysfunction. We first detected heightened local NET infiltration around the intestinal microvasculature, accompanied by increased endothelial cell ferroptosis, resulting in microcirculation dysfunction in both human and animal II/R models. However, the administration of the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 or the inhibition of NETs via neutrophil-specific peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (Pad4) deficiency led to positive outcomes, with reduced intestinal endothelial ferroptosis and microvascular function recovery. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis revealed a significant enrichment of mitophagy- and ferroptosis-related signaling pathways in HUVECs incubated with NETs. Mechanistically, elevated NET formation induced Fundc1 phosphorylation at Tyr18 in intestinal endothelial cells, which led to mitophagy inhibition, mitochondrial quality control imbalance, and excessive mitochondrial ROS generation and lipid peroxidation, resulting in endothelial ferroptosis and microvascular dysfunction. Nevertheless, using the mitophagy activator urolithin A or AAV-Fundc1 transfection could reverse this process and ameliorate microvascular damage. We first demonstrate that increased NETosis could result in intestinal microcirculatory dysfunction and conclude that suppressed NET formation can mitigate intestinal endothelial ferroptosis by improving Fundc1-dependent mitophagy. Targeting NETs could be a promising approach for treating II/R-induced intestinal microcirculatory dysfunction.

Summary: Neurosurgical robots have developed for decades and can effectively assist surgeons to carry out a variety of surgical operations, such as biopsy, stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and so forth. In recent years, neurosurgical robots in China have developed rapidly. This article will focus on several key skills in neurosurgical robots, such as medical imaging systems, automatic manipulator, lesion localization techniques, multimodal image fusion technology, registration method, and vascular imaging technology; introduce the clinical application of neurosurgical robots in China, and look forward to the potential improvement points in the future based on our experience and research in the field.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can serve as a predictive factor for inpatient outcomes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on 59 CDH patients at the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2020 to August 2022. Echocardiography was performed at least three times: within 2–3 h after birth, pre-operatively, and post-operatively of CDH surgery. Based on the direction of the PDA shunt in the first echocardiogram, patients were classified into three groups: left-to-right shunting or closed PDA (L-R), bi-directional shunting, and right-to-left shunting (R-L).ResultsThe mortality rate was 15.3% (9/59), with all non-survivors having R-L shunting and group mortality of 39.1% (9/23). The direction of the PDA shunt was significantly associated with the duration of ventilation and length of hospital stay (p

ObjectiveFosinopril and amlodipine are commonly prescribed as first-line pharmacotherapeutic agents for pediatric hypertension, but there is a lack of comparative studies regarding the efficacy of these two drugs. We aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of fosinopril and amlodipine monotherapy in pediatric primary hypertension.MethodsThis was a single-center, bidirectional observational study. A total of 175 children and adolescents with primary hypertension receiving antihypertensive monotherapy from July 2020 to February 2023 were enrolled. According to antihypertensive drugs, they were divided into the fosinopril group (n = 96) and the amlodipine group (n = 79). Subgroup analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of the two groups in terms of blood pressure (BP) control rates and reductions following a 4-week treatment.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment, both groups achieved significant reductions in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) by more than 18 mmHg and 6 mmHg, respectively, with BP control rates of 61.5% in the fosinopril group and 59.5% in the amlodipine group, revealing no significant differences in the antihypertensive efficacy between the two groups except for DBP control rate (FDR adjusted P > 0.05). Further subsequent subgroup analyses revealed that the reductions in SBP and DBP in the fosinopril group were significantly greater than those in the amlodipine group in patients of females and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia (FDR adjusted P 0.05).ConclusionsFosinopril and amlodipine monotherapy were both effective in pediatric primary hypertension during a short-term follow-up. Fosinopril may be particularly effective in reducing BP in hypertensive patients of females, central obesity, IR, and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia. These findings indicate that optimizing antihypertensive medication selection based on the individualized characteristics of children with hypertension may improve the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment.

Cardiovascular disease and osteoporotic fractures (OF) are the main diseases affecting the health of middle-aged and elderly people. With the gradual increase of population aging in China and even the world, the incidence of the two and the prevalence of high-risk groups are also showing a continuous upward trend. The relationship between the two, especially the impact of cardiovascular disease on the risk and prognosis of OF, has attracted more and more attention. Therefore, it is of great significance to fully understand the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the resulting osteoporosis and to provide targeted interventions to prevent the occurrence of diseases and fractures. This article reviews the relationship between one of the Cardiovascular disease—stroke and related therapeutic drugs and the risk of OF, and the role of oxidative stress in its pathophysiological mechanism by reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature in recent years, in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the association between stroke and OF, and then provide a basis and reference for screening high-risk groups of fractures and reducing the burden on the health system caused by the disease.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a relatively rare and serious presentation of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) (NS-IgAN). Previous research has suggested that the pathogenesis of NS-IgAN may involve circulating immune imbalance and kidney injury; however, this has yet to be fully elucidated. To investigate the cellular and molecular status of NS-IgAN, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and kidney cells from pediatric patients diagnosed with NS-IgAN by renal biopsy. Consistently, the proportion of intermediate monocytes (IMs) in NS-IgAN patients was higher than in healthy controls. Furthermore, flow cytometry confirmed that IMs were significantly increased in pediatric patients with NS. The characteristic expression of VSIG4 and MHC class II molecules and an increase in oxidative phosphorylation may be important features of IMs in NS-IgAN. Notably, we found that the expression level of CCR2 was significantly increased in the CMs, IMs, and NCMs of patients with NS-IgAN. This may be related to kidney injury. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are classified into two subsets of cells: Treg1 (CCR7high, TCF7high, and HLA-DRlow) and Treg2 (CCR7low, TCF7low, and HLA-DRhigh). We found that the levels of Treg2 cells expressed significant levels of CCR4 and GATA3, which may be related to the recovery of kidney injury. The state of NS in patients was closely related to podocyte injury. The expression levels of CCL2, PRSS23, and genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition were significantly increased in podocytes from NS-IgAN patients. These represent key features of podocyte injury. Our analysis suggests that PTGDS is significantly downregulated following injury and may represent a new marker for podocytes. In this study, we systematically analyzed molecular events in the circulatory system and kidney tissue of pediatric patients with NS-IgAN, which provides new insights for targeted therapy in the future.

Utilizing stock market data of express delivery companies that have been listed on the stock market of China, this paper intends to examine the two alternative store chain ownership, namely corporate–owned versus franchised, which is more resilient to external shocks. Based on the price data of 1034 trading days from December 2, 2019, to September 30, 2022, the Quandt-Andrews method is used to compare the companies of corporate-owned store chain with those of franchised store chain. The results reveal that the stock market performance of the express delivery industry underwent a huge structural change during the COVID-19 epidemic. Moreover, because of the stringent pandemic control measures, there are significant differences in structural changes between the two types of express delivery companies, corporate-owned store chain as opposed to franchised store chain. The structural changes occurred earlier for the former, which suggests that the companies of corporate-owned store chain are more resilient to recovery. This study can provide helpful insight into better risk control for companies managing retail stores and choosing “rainy day assets” portfolios for investors in times of financial uncertainty.

Various forms of materials, such as pictures, videos and texts, have rapidly brought the college English translation teaching model into the era of multimedia integration. This makes it difficult for English teachers to improve college English translation by using unique materials, so as to form their own unique teaching style. In view of this, a multimedia comprehensive English translation framework based on the combination of big data technology and multimedia teaching mode is proposed. At the same time, the idea of building the framework is introduced from two perspectives: the integration of big data technology and multimedia, and the integration of multimedia and English teaching process. Then, a recursive neural network algorithm based on ant colony optimization algorithm is proposed and tested. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed method has significantly improved the accuracy and retention rate, indicating the effectiveness of the framework.

Uniparental disomy (UPD) refers to as both homologous chromosomes inherited from only one parent without identical copies from the other parent. Studies on clinical phenotypes in UPDs are usually focused on the documented UPD 6, 7, 11, 14, 15, and 20, which directly lead to imprinting disorders. This study describes clinical phenotypes and genetic findings of three patients with UPD 2, 9, and 14, respectively. Chromosomal microarray (CMA), UPDtool, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis were performed to characterize the genetic etiology. The CMA revealed a homozygous region involving the whole chromosome 2 and 9, a partial region of homozygosity in chromosome 14. UPD-tool revealed a paternal origin of the UPD2. MS-MLPA showed hypomethylation of imprinting gene MEG3 from maternal origin in the UPD14 case. In addition, UPD14 case displayed complex symptoms including growth failure, hypotonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), accompanied by several gene mutations with heterozygous genotype by WES analysis. Furthermore, we reviewed the documented UPDs and summarized the clinical characteristics and prognosis. This study highlighted the importance to confirm the diagnosis and origin of UPD using genetic testing. Therefore, it is suggested that expanding of the detailed phenotypes and genotypes provide effective guidance for molecule testing and genetic counseling, and promote further biological investigation to the underlying mechanisms of imprinted disorders and accompanied copy number variations.

Background: Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) can represent daily inflammatory dietary components and chronic inflammatory response is an important pathogenesis of aging, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and frailty. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the association of E-DII and frailty in older adults with NAFLD. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2016) to investigate the association between E-DII and frailty. The NAFLD status was determined using the US Fatty Liver Index (FLI) value ≥30. The relationship between E-DII and frailty was examined through multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis and smooth curve fitting. Subgroup analyses were conducted, considering various demographic and clinical variables. Results: Our final analysis included 1586 individuals, with an average age of 69.42 years, and 53.15 % of them were males. The overall prevalence of frailty in the study population was 39.42 %. Smooth curve fitting analysis demonstrated a nearly linear relationship between E-DII and H. pylori. Utilizing multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, we found that the odds ratio (OR) of E-DII for frailty was 1.08 (95%CI, 1.03–1.15). Subgroup analysis further confirmed that E-DII independently increased the risk of frailty. Conclusion: Higher E-DII levels were found to be associated with an increased risk of frailty in older adults with NAFLD. However, further studies are required to fully elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between E-DII and frailty.