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The development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a multistep process that is accompanied by progressive changes in the liver microenvironment, including immune evasion and angiogenesis. Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) has been suggested to contribute to tumour progression and metastasis; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between LOXL2 and immune infiltration and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and to identify the role of LOXL2 in HCC diagnosis prognosis evaluation. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), UALCAN, GEPIA and Kaplan–Meier plotter databases were used to analyse LOXL2 expression and perform survival analysis. The Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) was used to analyse immune cell infiltration, immune cell biomarkers and immune checkpoints. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of 201 HCC samples was used to confirm the expression of LOXL2 and its relationship with VM. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and gain- and loss-of-function studies were performed to confirm the molecular mechanism of LOXL2 in VM. The expression of LOXL2 in HCC was higher than that in normal tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels. High expression of LOXL2 was associated with a poorer prognosis of HCC. The genetic alteration rate of LOXL2 was 5%. LOXL2 was positively related to immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints (PD-1 and CTLA-4) in HCC. Co-IP showed that LOXL2 can interact directly with IQGAP1. Both gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that LOXL2 significantly induced cell migration, invasion and VM formation when IQGAP1 was upregulated. LOXL2 is involved in immune cell infiltration and promotes VM by upregulating IQGAP1. LOXL2 can be used as a novel biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prognosis prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Core–shell structures and interfacial polarization are of great significance to meet the diversified requirements of microwave attenuation. Herein, α -Fe2O3@MoS2 nanocomposites are fabricated via a simple two-step hydrothermal process, in which MoS2 nanosheets as the shell are self-assembled and α -Fe2O3 microdrums are used as the core to constitute a special flower-like morphology with core–shell structure. This structure can provide more interface contact to achieve strong interfacial polarization and possibly offer more multiple reflection and scattering of electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the microwave dissipation performances of α -Fe2O3@MoS2 nanocomposites can be significantly improved through construction of core–shell structure and flower-like morphology, controlling the content of α -Fe2O3 microdrums and adjusting the filler loading ratios. This work proves that the as-synthesized nanocomposites achieve excellent effective absorption bandwidth and outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption capabilities due to their special interfaces, core–shell structures and good impedance matching conditions. Therefore, α -Fe2O3@MoS2 nanocomposites are expected to be a novel and desirable candidate for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic materials have a very broad application prospect in the field of microwave absorption, among which soft magnetic materials become the focus of magnetic materials research because of their high saturation magnetization and low coercivity. FeNi3 alloy has been widely used in soft magnetic materials because of its excellent ferromagnetism and electrical conductivity. In this work, FeNi3 alloy was prepared by the liquid reduction method. The effect of the filling ratio of FeNi3 alloy on the electromagnetic properties of absorbing materials was studied. It is found that the impedance matching ability of FeNi3 alloy is better when the filling ratio is 70 wt% than that of other samples with different filling ratios (30–60 wt%), showing better microwave absorption characteristics. When the matching thickness is 2.35 mm, the minimum reflection loss (RL) of FeNi3 alloy with a 70 wt% filling ratio reaches −40.33 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth is 5.5 GHz. When the matching thickness is between 2 and 3 mm, the effective absorption bandwidth ranges from 7.21 GHz to 17.81 GHz, almost covering the whole X and Ku bands (8–18 GHz). The results show that FeNi3 alloy has adjustable electromagnetic properties and microwave absorption properties with different filling ratios, which is conducive to selecting excellent microwave absorption materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we designed the flower-like structure of 1T/2H-MoS2@α-Fe2O3 nanocomposites with high-efficiency microwave absorption, in which the α-Fe2O3 microdrums are attached to the surface of 1T/2H-MoS2 constituting a special flower-like morphology. During the synthesis process, the content of α-Fe2O3 microdrums plays a significant, constructive role in the dielectric properties and impedance matching characteristics of the 1T/2H-MoS2@α-Fe2O3 nanocomposites. The optimal reflection loss (RL) value of the flower-like nanocomposites can reach −61.18 dB at low frequency (6.52 GHz), while the RL value is also −56.98 dB at 4.43 GHz with a lower frequency. Furthermore, the frequency bandwidth below −10 dB was up to 4.68 GHz with an effective absorption frequency range of 13.32–18 GHz when the thickness was 1.82 mm. The results show that excellent electromagnetic wave absorption capabilities of the 1T/2H-MoS2@α-Fe2O3 nanocomposites in the low frequency range mainly benefit from the perfect coordination of multiphase MoS2 and α-Fe2O3 microdrums, which makes them achieve perfect impedance matching in the low frequency range. This provides a simple demonstration for the development of highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption materials in the low frequency range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A lightweight microwave-absorbing material with a strong electromagnetic-absorption capability of practical significance in the field of electromagnetic compatibility was obtained by adjusting the ratio of Fe3O4 and rGO. A nanoparticle material with a chain-typed structure consisting of a combination of Fe3O4 and rGO was produced by a hydrothermal method under an applied magnetic field. The electromagnetic loss property of the Fe3O4@rGO composites is studied in the frequency range from 2 to 18 GHz. In addition, the reflection loss and the mechanism of microwave absorption are explored. By changing the amounts of rGO, the electromagnetic loss of the Fe3O4@rGO composites can be effectively regulated, which obtain better reflection loss. The minimum reflection loss of the Fe3O4@rGO composites is −49.4 dB at 16.2 GHz only with a thickness of 1.75 mm. Thus, the Fe3O4@rGO composites have an extremely thin thickness and a strong electromagnetic wave absorption capacity, which is a candidate for the development of lightweight magnetic absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]