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The growing needs for sustainable and efficient energy sources have heightened interest in electrocatalytic water splitting (EWS), a promising method for hydrogen production as a clean and renewable energy carrier. EWS, which splits water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, faces efficiency challenges due to the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode. Developing effective electrocatalysts is essential to overcome these limitations. Among the various electrocatalysts studied, transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have garnered significant attention due to their low cost and abundant active sites. Despite the superior electrochemical performance of TMSs compared to other materials, their inherent low conductivity and sluggish reaction kinetics remain major challenges. Recent advancements have focused on the in situ growth of TMSs on conductive substrates to enhance electron transfer and overall catalytic performance, eliminating the need for polymer binders and improving electrode stability. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the key aspects involved in the synthesis of in situ grown TMS electrodes, including the selection of TMS active materials, various substrates, and preparation strategies. The review then offers a comprehensive overview of different types of in situ grown TMS electrodes, with a focus on the most extensively researched materials: molybdenum sulfides, cobalt sulfides, nickel sulfides, and their composites. Finally, the limitations and future perspectives are discussed, highlighting potential directions for advancing the development of in situ grown TMS catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage systems. However, the commercialization of LSBs is still hindered by several technical issues, including the notorious polysulfide migration from the cathode to the anode and the sluggish sulfur conversion kinetics. Herein, a quasi‐1D hexagonal chalcogenide perovskite, Sr8Ti7S21, is demonstrated as an efficient sulfur host able to overcome these limitations. Experimental results and density functional theory calculations show Sr8Ti7S21 to offer strong lithium polysulfides (LiPS) binding through multiple bond formation. Besides, Sr8Ti7S21 effectively facilitates the kinetics of the LiPS redox reaction. As a result, S@Sr8Ti7S21‐based cathodes exhibit excellent initial capacities up to 1315 mAh g−1 at 0.2C, impressive cycling stability with an average capacity decay rate of 0.08% per cycle over 400 cycles at 1C, and a high areal capacity of 6.58 mAh cm−2 under a high sulfur loading of 6.5 mg cm−2. This work reveals the potential capabilities and promising prospects of chalcogenide perovskites in advancing LSBs technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezocatalysis‐induced dye degradation has garnered significant attention as an effective method for addressing wastewater treatment challenges. In our study, we employed a room‐temperature sonochemical method to synthesize piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO3: BTO) with varying levels of Li doping. This approach not only streamlined the sample preparation process but also significantly reduced the overall time required for synthesis, making it a highly efficient and practical method. One of the key findings was the exceptional performance of the Li‐doped BTO nanoparticles. With 20 mg of Li additive, we achieved 90 % removal of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye within a relatively short timeframe of 150 minutes, all while subjecting the sample to ultrasonic vibration. This rapid and efficient dye degradation was further evidenced by the calculated kinetic rate constant, which indicated seven times faster degradation rate compared to pure BTO. The enhanced piezoelectric performance observed in the Li‐doped BTO nanoparticles can be attributed to the strategic substitution of Li atoms, which facilitated a more efficient transfer of charge charges at the interface. Overall, our study underscores the potential of piezocatalysis coupled with advanced materials like Li‐doped BTO nanoparticles as a viable and promising solution for wastewater treatment, offering both efficiency and environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mayfly Ephemera lota Navás, 1934 was described based on subimagines, and the imagines and nymphs have not been known so far. For the first time, we provide descriptions of adults and nymphs using recently collected material. Based on their morphology, the species diagnostic characters are imaginal abdomen without transverse line, penis with finger-like apex, hindwing without any dot; nymphal frons with deep anterior emargination, two mandibular tusks subequal in length. Significantly, forewings of this species have variable MP2 base: from independent to fusing with CuA in different specimens through the other characters and barcoding data confirm all specimens belong to the same species. Due to the holotype lost, a neotype of the species is designated and subimagines are re-described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The landscape of oncology drug development has witnessed remarkable advancements over the last few decades, significantly improving clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients with cancer. Project Optimus, introduced by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, stands as a groundbreaking endeavor to reform dose selection of oncology drugs, presenting both opportunities and challenges for the field. To address complex dose optimization challenges, an Oncology Dose Optimization IQ Working Group was created to characterize current practices, provide recommendations for improvement, develop a clinical toolkit, and engage Health Authorities. Historically, dose selection for cytotoxic chemotherapeutics has focused on the maximum tolerated dose, a paradigm that is less relevant for targeted therapies and new treatment modalities. A survey conducted by this group gathered insights from member companies regarding industry practices in oncology dose optimization. Given oncology drug development is a complex effort with multidimensional optimization and high failure rates due to lack of clinically relevant efficacy, this Working Group advocates for a case‐by‐case approach to inform the timing, specific quantitative targets, and strategies for dose optimization, depending on factors such as disease characteristics, patient population, mechanism of action, including associated resistance mechanisms, and therapeutic index. This white paper highlights the evolving nature of oncology dose optimization, the impact of Project Optimus, and the need for a tailored and evidence‐based approach to optimize oncology drug dosing regimens effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study contributes to the existing literature on green innovation by examining the impact of Confucianism culture on green innovation. Drawing on a culture perspective, we argue that Confucianism culture is significantly positively associated with green innovation. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms in the industrial sector from 2007 to 2019, we provide strong evidence to show that corporate green innovation projects are significantly more prevalent for firms surrounded by a strong Confucianism atmosphere compared to those in a weak Confucianism atmosphere. Additionally, we investigate the mediating roles of CEO myopia and employee‐related CSR, revealing that Confucianism culture, through both CEO myopia and employee‐related CSR mechanisms, influences green innovation. Our study contributes to the extant literature by shedding light into the black box of the positive role of Confucianism in green behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]