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Research is conducted to examine the radiation effects on laminar mixed convection in an inclined square duct. The vorticity-velocity technique is used to solve the three-dimensional parabolic governing equation while the discrete ordinates method is used to solve the radiative transfer equation. The impact of the modified Rayleigh number, mixed convection parameter, optical thickness and conduction-to-radiation parameter on fluid flow and heat transfer properties is also investigated.

Zooplanktons play an important role in the whole freshwater ecosystem, which are the main quality food for almost all fish in their juvenile stage and are the main basic component of the high trophic levels in the aquatic food web. In the context of global environmental change, freshwater zooplankton is experiencing rapid loss of biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. However, our understanding of the geographical distribution pattern of freshwater zooplankton and the diversity-affected ecological factors is still very limited. In order to investigate the research status and future development trend of zooplankton in global freshwater, 26176 publications about freshwater zooplankton/zooplankter indexed by Web of Science from 1991 to 2020 were analyzed with a bibliometric approach in our study. The research contents mainly included the output trend of publications related to the freshwater zooplankton/zooplankter filed over time, the journals with greatest number of zooplankton publications, the countries from which the authors came from, the co-authors and cooperation across countries, the associated keywords in the research areas and so on. This study was searched on a scientific website for scientific study that have limited scientific relevance for the future researches on the freshwater zooplankton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) produces corticotropin-releasing factor in response to stressful events such as the administration of intermittent shocks to the foot for a 30-minute period. Specifically, the PVH expresses the c-fos gene that produces neurotransmitters. This neuroendocrine response in turn activates the medullary neurons in a manner similar to responses to interleukins.

Common buckwheat is a nutritionally dense minor grain crop. However, the self-incompatible (SI), shattering, and low yield limits its wide cultivation. In this study, the hybrid experiments were performed to a) identify self-compatible parental material with non-shattering hybrid offspring, b) investigate the heterosis, and c) evaluate the relationship between heterosis and parental genetic distances (GD) in common buckwheat. As a result, nineteen self-compatible wild common buckwheat pure lines were identified with non-shattering hybrid offspring, and 58 hybrids were produced by single crossing between these 19 pure lines and four common buckwheat cultivars. For five agronomic and one quality trait, the 58 hybrids showed significant mid- and high-parent heterosis in common buckwheat. Furthermore, the GD values among parental lines were successfully calculated based on the random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence tagged site (STS) molecular markers. Non-significant relationship was observed between heterosis and parental GDs for any trait under this study, suggesting that the parental GDs could not be reliable to predict the heterosis in common buckwheat. However, present results are still valuable for further research in heterosis and parents-pair selection for improvement in common buckwheat through cross-breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citrus is an important and widely cultivated fruit crop in South China. Although the species of fungal diseases of leaves and fruits have been extensively studied, the causal organisms of branch diseases remain poorly known in China. Species of Botryosphaeriaceae are known as important fungal pathogens causing branch diseases on citrus in the USA and Europe. To determine the diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with citrus branch diseases in China, surveys were conducted in the major citrus-producing areas from 2017 to 2020. Diseased tissues were collected from twigs, branches and trunks with a range of symptoms including cankers, cracking, dieback and gummosis. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic comparison of the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1), the β-tubulin gene (tub2) and the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), 111 isolates from nine provinces were identified as 18 species of Botryosphaeriaceae, including Botryosphaeria dothidea, B. fabicerciana, Diplodia seriata, Dothiorella alpina, Do. plurivora, Lasiodiplodia citricola, L. iraniensis, L. microconidia, L. pseudotheobromae, L. theobromae, Neodeightonia subglobosa, Neofusicoccum parvum, and six previously undescribed species, namely Do. citrimurcotticola, L. guilinensis, L. huangyanensis, L. linhaiensis, L. ponkanicola and Sphaeropsis linhaiensis spp. nov. Botryosphaeria dothidea (28.8 %) was the most abundant species, followed by L. pseudotheobromae (23.4 %), which was the most widely distributed species on citrus, occurring in six of the nine provinces sampled. Pathogenicity tests indicated that all 18 species of Botryosphaeriaceae obtained from diseased citrus tissues in this study were pathogenic to the tested Citrus reticulata shoots in vitro, while not all species are pathogenic to the tested Cocktail grapefruit (C. paradisi x C. reticulata) shoots in vivo. In addition, Lasiodiplodia was the most aggressive genus both in vitro and in vivo. This is the first study to identify Botryosphaeriaceae species related to citrus branch diseases in China and the results provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of prevention and control measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP) aims to be the leading international and inclusive organisation focused on the development of sport psychology in all regions and cultural areas of the world. In 2019 with the advent of the ISSP – Registry, a renewed need for an up-to-date code of ethics for practitioners that reflected the mission of the registry and supported the international community of sport psychology practitioners became apparent. As such, a group of 24 scholars and practitioners from North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania collaboratively worked on the development of this code of ethics. Each of the 22 contributors was asked to develop a principle or a standard that could be embraced and implemented by practitioners in their country and wider geographical area of work, within the reasonable limits imposed by cultural, legal, and professional differences. Once all the contributions were received, the two first authors of the Code reviewed, modified, completed, re-organized, standardised, compiled, and finalised the final version. The edited final copy was then submitted for a cultural review to a small sub-group of contributors located in different geographical areas around the world. Once finalised, the code was presented to the ISSP Managing Council, for approval. The resulting Code of Ethics aims to embody the mission and the value of the ISSP and its Registry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is demonstrated as a crucial factor that participated in various fibrotic diseases. Activation of hepatic stellate cell in liver takes a critical effect on the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. However, the role of CTRP3 in hepatic fibrosis remains elusive. Our present study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of CTRP3 in fibroblast activation and the development of hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out overexpression (OE) of CTRP3 or knockout (KO) of CTRP3 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), respectively. Then, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) was used to stimulate HSCs activation. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were treated tetrachloromethane by intraperitoneal injection and mice injected saline were served as control. Recombinant CTRP3 (RC-CTRP3) was employed to treat CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Then, the expression of fibrotic biomarkers, Notch signaling pathway-associated factors, liver histology and liver function were investigated in vivo, respectively. RESULTS: Our results showed that CTRP3 decreased in fibrotic liver and TGF-β treated HSCs. In vitro, CTRP3 inhibited the activation of HSCs and impeded extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagen I and fibronectin via inhibiting Notch-1/Jagged-1 signaling pathway. In vivo, the indexes of fibrogenesis in liver fibrotic mice received RC-CTRP3 were mitigated via regulation of Notch-1/Jagged-1 signaling pathway. Moreover, liver histology and liver function were improved through the increase of CTRP3 level. CONCLUSIONS: The results proved that CTRP3 as a distinguished anti-fibrotic target inhibited HSCs activation by TGF-β inducement and protected the liver tissue in the process of liver fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-precision space inertial sensors are one of the most important payloads in satellite Earth's gravity measurement and space-based gravitational wave detection due to their extremely high sensitivity. However, seismic noise affects its terrestrial-based performance validation, so that it is very significant to develop low frequency horizontal vibration isolation system to suppress the impact of seismic noise. In this article, a horizontal active vibration isolation bench for terrestrial-based investigation of space accelerometer is developed, on which the motion in three dimensions is monitored by two tri-axis seismometers and actively controlled by three voice coil motors. The principle and potential performance of this bench are theoretically analyzed and estimated in details. The experimental result shows that the bench can achieve high vibration isolation performance in horizontal translation direction. The residual horizontal vibration noise of this bench due to seismic can be suppressed by about 40 dB at 0.35 Hz. Finally, the potential of this design as a vibration pre-isolation stage to investigate the performance of the inertial sensors dedicated to satellite gravity measurement and space gravitational wave detection is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]